KR20110058765A - Driving circuit of solar tracker for photovoltaic power generation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A driving circuit of solar tracker for solar power generation is provided to trace the location of the sun using an optical sensor even if the weather is bad. CONSTITUTION: A driving circuit of solar tracker for solar power generation comprises a first optical sensor(310), a second optical sensor(320), a first resistance(330), a second resistance(340), a first motor driver(350) and a second motor driver(360). The first and second optical sensors sense sun light and generate first and second electric signals. The first and second resistance restricts the first and second electrical signal, respectively. If the voltage of the first electrical signal is bigger than the voltage of the second electric signal, the first motor driver outputs the first control signal. If the voltage of the second electric signal is bigger than the voltage of the first electrical signal, the second motor driver outputs the second controlling signal. The motor is driven toward the optical sensor of the brighter side between the first and second optical sensors. The drive power is from a battery in order to drive the motor.

Description

Driving circuit of solar tracker for photovoltaic power generation {Driving circuit of solar tracker for photovoltaic power generation}

The present invention relates to a driving circuit of a solar positioning device, and more particularly, to a driving circuit of a solar positioning device for driving a solar cell module driving system for photovoltaic power generation to move along the sun.

Recently, due to the earth's energy shortage and environmental pollution, development of environmentally friendly alternative energy is being sought. One of them is the rapid development and utilization of solar energy. As such alternative energy, various devices for using solar energy, that is, a solar cell and a solar heating device, have been developed.

This solar energy is not only a source of energy for our daily lives, but also a driving force for various weather phenomena and currents in the ocean. Other solar energy sources include solar cells, solar hot water equipment, solar housing, There are many types of solar furnaces and solar generators.

Solar energy is a clean, renewable and infinite energy source. Solar technology is a system technology that converts solar energy into electrical energy. Since there is no mechanical or chemical action in the energy conversion process, the structure of the system is simple, requiring little maintenance, long life span of 20-30 years, safe and environmentally friendly. In addition, power generation can vary from residential to large-scale power generation.

In order to efficiently use solar energy in this development process, a number of solar location tracking devices have been proposed to enable the solar energy collecting device to track the direction of the sun.

These solar location tracking devices are largely coordinated calculation method of tracking the sun by operating the drive motor according to the coordinates calculated by the program, and controlling the driving motor according to the signal output detected by the optical sensor from time to time to track the sun. It can be classified into two types of light sensor method.

While the coordinate calculation method has the advantage of tracking the sun regardless of weather conditions, the cumulative error requires periodic correction work, which is cumbersome to maintain and repair. In particular, in the case of the coordinate calculation method, it is difficult to apply to a method in which numerous small solar energy utilization devices are installed.

The light sensor method has the advantage that the structure is relatively simple, but if the weather is cloudy, the sun cannot be tracked. If the sun's position changes considerably over time, the sun's position is There is a problem that the tracking itself is impossible because it is out of the traceable range.

Meanwhile, US patents US4,424,801, US4,495,408, US4,672,191 have been proposed as prior art, and also Korean Patent Nos. 10-0836870, Korean Patent Nos. 10-0780565, and Korean Patent Publications 1994-0007551 and Korean Utility Model Publication No. 20-2008-0000278 have been proposed. The foregoing prior arts are all incorporated herein by reference to form part of the invention.

In particular, Korean Utility Model Publication No. 20-2008-0000278 uses an auxiliary sensor in addition to the main tracking sensor to track the sun's position even when the sun does not appear for a long time and then the sun appears at a significantly changed position from the last position. We propose the structure that we prepared.

However, such a conventional technology requires an additional configuration of the sensor, which not only complicates the entire apparatus but also complicates the control circuit. In addition, the driving circuit of the solar position tracking device according to the prior art, in the case of a small-scale solar position tracker, usually when the battery is connected to the solar cell module, since the motors or driving circuits are all driven using the electricity of the battery motor If the power consumption rate of the fields or the driving circuits is not very small, the solar power system itself may become meaningless. Therefore, there is a problem in that it is difficult to use a power-consuming element such as an electronic chip or an active element in order to consume the smallest power of the driving circuits because the solar generated power itself is very small.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention for solving the above-described problems is to simply drive the drive circuit using a passive element to drive the solar cell module driving system to move along the sun while minimizing power consumption. An object of the present invention is to provide a driving circuit of a solar positioning device for photovoltaic power generation.

As a means for achieving the above-described technical problem, the present invention, the solar position tracking device for photovoltaic power generation for driving at least one motor according to the output value detected from at least one pair of light sensors provided in the solar position tracking device 1. A driving circuit of claim 1, comprising: a first optical sensor disposed at one side of a solar location tracking device and configured to sense sunlight and generate a first electrical signal; A second optical sensor disposed on the other side of the solar location tracking device and configured to sense sunlight and generate a second electrical signal; A first resistor limiting a current of the first electrical signal output from the first optical sensor; A second resistor limiting a current of a second electrical signal output from the second optical sensor; When one side is connected to the output terminal of the first optical sensor, the other side is connected to the output terminal of the second optical sensor, when the voltage of the first electrical signal is greater than the voltage of the second electrical signal, the motor A first motor driver for outputting a first control signal to rotate in a direction; And when one side is connected to an output terminal of the second optical sensor, the other side is connected to an output terminal of the first optical sensor, and the voltage of the second electrical signal is greater than the voltage of the first electrical signal. A second motor driving unit for outputting a second control signal for rotating in the opposite direction of the first direction,

The first control signal of the first motor driving unit and the second control signal of the second motor driving unit may be configured to drive the motor such that the motor is driven in the direction of a brighter light sensor among the first and second optical sensors. Switching control in one direction of the supply of the driving power provided from the battery.

In the above description, when a difference in received light amount between the first optical sensor and the second optical sensor occurs, the output voltage is changed by the first and second resistors, and the voltage of the first and second electrical signals is changed. Preferably, only one motor driver of the first and second motor drivers is operated.

In the above, the optical sensor may be a photodiode, a phototransistor, or a cadmium sulfide cell (CDS).

In connection with the above, it is preferable that the first and second motor driving units are photo-couplers, respectively.

The method of claim 1, wherein the first and the second motor driving unit comprises a diode, respectively, when the difference between the voltage value of the first and second electrical signal is greater than the breakdown voltage of the diode, among the first and second motor driving unit It is desirable for either one to work.

In the above, the first and second resistors are preferably resistors having the same resistance value.

According to the present invention, the driving circuit can be simply implemented using a passive element so that the solar cell module driving system can be driven to move toward the sun while minimizing power consumption.

According to the present invention, by implementing a driving circuit for driving the solar cell module driving system, even if the weather suddenly changes its position due to cloudy or sunset and sunrise, the position of the sun is tracked by its own light sensor can do.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a concept of a solar cell module driving system to which a driving circuit of a solar position tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
2 is a perspective view illustrating a concept of a solar location tracking device to which a driving circuit of the solar location tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
3 is a view for explaining the operation of the solar positioning device to which the driving circuit of the solar positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
4 is a block diagram of a driving circuit of a solar positioning device for photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a driving circuit diagram of a solar positioning device for photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to "include" a certain component, it means that it can further include other components, without excluding other components unless specifically stated otherwise.

Typically, a solar cell module driving system is for producing electricity using solar energy, and may be used in various ways. Such a solar cell module driving system is generally used for small-scale power generation, and in particular, it is used to supply electricity to a corresponding electric device provided around an electric device that requires electricity directly, such as a street lamp.

As an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a driving circuit of a solar position tracking device for photovoltaic power generation by simply implementing the driving circuit so that the solar cell module driving system can rotate along the sun in a state of minimizing power consumption. . First, a solar cell module driving system for solar power generation to which a driving circuit of a solar position tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described.

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a circuit for driving a solar panel when a small number of solar panels, such as a street lamp, are installed in a number of places. The two motors are driven in the direction of the optical sensor receiving a lot of light. That is, by connecting one motor to two optical sensors in the east-west direction and another motor to the two sensors in the north-south direction, the solar cell is directed toward the optical sensor receiving a lot of sunlight. At this time, since the amount of solar power is very small on a cloudy day, it is preferable that the motor itself is not driven.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a concept of a solar cell module driving system to which a driving circuit of a solar position tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

1, a solar cell module driving system to which a driving circuit of a solar position tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied includes a support 210, a first rotating body 220, and a first driving device 230. , The second rotating body 240, the second driving device 250, the solar cell module 260, and the solar position tracking device 100.

The first driving device 230 and the second driving device 250 are connected to the driving circuit of the solar location tracking device 100 and the driving thereof is controlled, but the driving circuit of the solar location tracking device according to the embodiment of the present invention is It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the solar cell module driving system having the structure as shown in FIG. 1. 1 is only one embodiment.

Support 210 is to be fixed to a specific structure, the support body 210 is provided with a first rotating body 220.

The first rotating body 220 is rotatably provided with respect to the support 210 about the first rotating shaft 221 parallel to the horizontal plane.

As a first driving device 230 for rotating the first rotating shaft 221, a first motor 231 is fixed to the support 210.

The first worm 233 is provided on the first motor shaft 232 of the first motor 231, and the first worm wheel 234 is concentric with the first rotation shaft 221 on the first rotation shaft 221. The first worm wheel 234 is provided to the first worm 233 and the worm gear is coupled.

In the general worm gear engagement, if the worm's lead angle is less than a predetermined value, automatic fastening occurs. Accordingly, although the first worm wheel 234 may rotate by the rotation of the first worm 233, the first worm 233 does not rotate due to the rotation of the first worm wheel 234.

The second rotating body 240 is provided on the first rotating body 220.

The second rotating body 240 is rotatably provided with respect to the first rotating body 220 about the second rotating shaft 241 perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 221.

The second rotation shaft 241 may be provided to be orthogonal to the extension line of the first rotation shaft 221, but typically, the second rotation shaft 241 is perpendicular to the extension line of the first rotation shaft 221.

As a second driving device 250 for rotating the second rotating shaft 241, a second motor 251 is fixed to the first rotating body 220.

The second worm 253 is provided on the second motor shaft 252 of the second motor 251, and the second worm wheel 254 is concentric with the second rotation shaft 241 on the second rotation shaft 241. The second worm wheel 254 is provided, and the second worm 253 is coupled to the worm gear.

Therefore, when the direction of rotation of the solar positioning device 100 to turn toward the sun is determined by the solar positioning device 100, the first driving device 230 and / or the second driving device 250 may drive the sun. The battery module 260 and the sun position tracking device 100 rotate until they face the sun.

Of course, the components requiring electricity in the embodiment of the present invention is supplied with electricity from the solar cell module 260 to a battery (not shown).

On the other hand, Figure 2 is a perspective view for explaining the concept of the solar position tracking device to which the driving circuit of the solar position tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is to explain the operation of the solar position tracking device of FIG. It is for the drawing.

Referring to FIG. 2, the solar location tracking device 100 includes a location tracking device body 110, four optical sensors 120, and an optical sensor support unit 130. In this case, the embodiment of the present invention It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the driving circuit of the solar position tracking device according to the present invention is not limited to the shape or configuration of the solar position tracking device 100 shown in FIG. First, the position tracking device body 110 will be described.

The position tracking device body 110 may include a light blocking portion 111, a partition portion 112, and a metal reflective aspherical surface 114.

The partition part 112 protrudes radially from the central axis 112a, whereby four equally divided sensing spaces 113 are formed. In addition, an optical sensor 120 is provided in each sensing space 113. In the embodiment of the present invention, four sensing spaces 113 are formed by four partitions 112. Of course, according to the embodiment, it is sufficient that the two light sensor 120 to form a pair, it is changed to two partitions 112, four partitions 112, six partitions 112, and the like. Can be implemented.

The light blocking portion 111 is formed on the partition portion 112. The light blocking unit 111 is to block light incident from the sun into the sensing space 113 when the position tracking device body 110 is accurately directed to the sun.

In the prior art, the light shield is used only for the purpose of blocking light, but when the positioning device body 110 is precisely facing the sun, all four light sensors 120 emit light by the light shield 111. It will not be detected. When the positioning device body 110 faces the sun at an angle, either one optical sensor 120 or two optical sensors 120 detect sunlight (ie, two or three optical sensors 120). Is a state in which it is not possible to detect sunlight by the light blocking portion 111 to the partition portion 112), the position tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention in the direction in which the light sensor 120 that detects the sunlight is located If the direction of the body 110 is changed, all four light sensors 120 are changed to a state in which light is not detected by the light blocking part 111, that is, a state facing the sun accurately.

However, the light blocking portion 111 is modified to form a lower portion of the metal reflective aspherical surface 114. As another embodiment of the present invention, although the light shielding portion 111 and the metal reflective aspherical surface 114 may be provided separately from each other, the lower surface of the light shielding portion 111 functions as the aspherical surface 114. Simplify the whole structure.

The metal reflective aspherical surface 114 is formed to reflect the light incident from the rear of the optical sensor 120 to the optical sensor 120.

The metal reflective aspherical surface has two characteristics, that is, a metal reflective surface that causes metal reflection and an aspheric surface is formed.

In order to form the metal reflective surface, it is sufficient that the surface of the aspherical portion (preferably the entire positioning device body) is made of a metallic material. In order for the surface of the aspherical surface to be made of metal, 1) the whole aspherical surface is made of metal material (that is, the inside and outside are made of metal material), and 2) the aspherical surface itself is made of synthetic resin material. There is a method of plating.

In the embodiment of the present invention to form a basic body of the position tracking device body 110 with a synthetic resin material so that the molding process is made inexpensively, after the shape is completed, the position tracking device body 110 of the synthetic resin material The entire surface can be metal plated (nickel plated or chromium plated). Therefore, the aspherical surface 114 also has a metal plated surface, that is, a metal reflection surface, thereby allowing metal reflection.

In addition, the metal reflective aspherical portion has an aspherical surface, and not a spherical surface, but an elliptical surface, a parabolic surface, and the like, even when the sun is located behind the optical sensor 120, the sunlight is reflected from the aspherical surface 114. The light may be detected by the optical sensor 120.

The optical sensor support unit 130 is fixed to the lower end of the partition unit 112, and the optical sensor 120 is disposed on the light blocking unit 111 on the upper side of the optical sensor support unit 130.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the position tracking device body 110 faces the sun at an angle, the light is directly incident on the optical sensor 120, and the sun is positioned on the position tracking device body ( In the case of the rear of the 110, sunlight is reflected from the metal reflective aspherical surface 114 and then incident to the optical sensor 120.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, regardless of the position of the sun, the position tracking device body 110 may track the position of the sun when rotated counterclockwise toward the sun.

As described above, the solar location tracking device 100 can track the sun even when the sun is located behind the solar location tracking device 100 by forming the metal reflective aspherical surface 114.

This situation can occur mainly when the sun is covered by clouds for some time or between sunset and sunrise.

In addition, the control method of the solar position tracking device 100 having such a structure can be applied to the conventional method as it is, the configuration of the control circuit is very simple, and also no additional optical sensor is added to the metal reflective aspherical surface Since only the formation of the wealth is required, the overall structure is very simple, but it is possible to solve the fundamental problem of the solar position tracking device by the conventional optical sensor method at once.

In addition, when light is sensed by the optical sensor 120 of the solar position tracking device 100, the driving circuit for driving the motor will be described accordingly.

4 is a block diagram of a driving circuit of a solar positioning device for solar power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a driving circuit diagram of a solar positioning device for solar power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention. .

4 and 5, the driving circuit 300 of the solar position tracking device for photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar position tracking device for tracking the solar cell module to the solar position up and down. Alternatively, the driving circuit may move left and right, and may include a vertical driving circuit 300a and a left and right driving circuit 300b. The vertical driving circuit 300a may include a first optical sensor 310 and a second optical sensor 320. , The first resistor 330, the second resistor 340, the first motor driver 350, and the second motor driver 360, and the vertical driving circuit 300a includes a battery for driving the motor 231. Powered by 370. Since the vertical driving circuit 300a and the left and right driving circuit 300b may be formed in the same manner, only the vertical driving circuit 300a is illustrated in FIG. 5.

The first optical sensor 310 and the second optical sensor 320 are a pair of optical sensors 120 provided in opposite directions as sensors of a solar position tracking device, for driving one motor 231. Two sensors are required and can be configured with the same circuit for the other two sensors.

The first optical sensor 310 is disposed on one side of the solar position tracking device 100, and detects sunlight to generate and output a first electrical signal. The second optical sensor 320 is disposed in a direction facing the first optical sensor 310, that is, the other side of the solar location tracking device 100, and generates and outputs a second electric signal by detecting sunlight. do. The optical sensors 310 and 320 may be photodiodes, phototransistors, or cadmium sulfide cells (CDS).

The first resistor R1 330 limits the current of the first electrical signal output from the first optical sensor 310, and the second resistor R2 340 is output from the second optical sensor 320. Limit the current of the second electrical signal. That is, the first and second resistors 330 and 340 allow the voltage of the electrical signal output from each of the photosensors 310 and 320 to be a specific value, and the first and second resistors 330 and 340 It should be a resistor with the same resistance value.

One side of the first motor driver 350 is connected to the output terminal of the first optical sensor 310, the other side is connected to the output terminal of the second optical sensor 320, and the voltage of the first electrical signal is set to the first terminal. 2, when the voltage is greater than the voltage of the electric signal, a first control signal for rotating the motor 231 driving the solar cell module driving system in the first direction is output.

One side of the second motor driver 360 is connected to the output terminal of the second optical sensor 320, and the other side thereof is connected to the output terminal of the first optical sensor 310, and the voltage of the second electrical signal is the second. When the voltage is greater than one electrical signal, a second control signal for rotating the motor 231 driving the solar cell module driving system in a direction opposite to the first direction is output. Here, the first and second motor driving units 350 and 360 may be photo-couplers, respectively. A photocoupler is a device for coupling an electrical signal to light, and the advantage that the light emitting part and the light receiving part are electrically insulated from each other is used.

Accordingly, when a difference in the amount of received light between the first optical sensor 310 and the second optical sensor 320 occurs, the output voltage is set by the first and second resistors 330 and 340. 2, the voltage of the electrical signal is changed, and only one motor driver of the first and second motor drivers 350 and 360 operates.

As a result, the first control signal of the first motor driver 350 and the second motor are driven such that the motor 231 is driven in the direction of the brighter light sensor among the first and second optical sensors 310 and 320. The second control signal of the driver 360 switches the supply of the driving power provided from the + 12V battery 370 in one direction to drive the motor 231. Here, 12V refers to the same battery in which electrical energy is stored by solar power.

For example, if the first optical sensor 310 is an east sensor disposed to the east of the solar cell module, and the second optical sensor 320 is a west sensor, if the difference in received light amount between the east sensor and the west sensor occurs, By the first resistor 330 and the second resistor 340, as shown in the figure, the voltage across the points A and B is different from each other. That is, when the first optical sensor 310 receives a lot of sunlight, the voltage of A becomes high, and when the second optical sensor 320 receives a lot of sunlight, the voltage of B becomes high.

The first and second motor drivers 350 and 360 may be photocouplers, but other elements may be used in addition to the photocoupler. For example, the first and second motor driving units 350 and 360 each include a diode. When the voltage value difference between the first and second electric signals is greater than the breakdown voltage of the diode, Either one of the first and second motor drives 350 and 360 operates. Here, the diode serves as a switch for flowing current in one direction or blocking reverse current. If the input signal is higher than the reference, the current passes. If the input signal is lower than the reference, the current is cut off.

Therefore, according to the voltage applied to A and B, current in the C direction of the first motor driving unit 350 flows or current in the D direction flows to the second motor driving unit 360, and any one photo is driven by the current. The coupler emits light to apply a forward rotation signal or a reverse rotation signal (or forward rotation current or reverse rotation current to the motor) to the motor 231. In this manner, the motor 231 is driven in the direction of the bright optical sensor among the two optical sensors.

As a result, the driving circuit 300 of the solar position tracking device for photovoltaic power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention implements the driving circuit using a passive element, where the passive element is supplied power. Is an element that consumes, accumulates, and emits, and does not perform an active function such as amplifying rectification. Such passive devices are devices that do not have an active function such as amplification or conversion of electrical energy. Electronic devices include resistors, capacitors, inductors, transformers, relays, and switching diodes.

The foregoing description of the present invention is intended for illustration, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be easily modified in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is shown by the following claims rather than the above description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

100: solar positioning device 110: positioning device body
111: light shielding portion 112: partition portion
113: detection space 114: aspheric surface portion for metal reflection
120: optical sensor 130: optical sensor support
210: support 220: first rotating body
230: first drive device 240: second rotating body
250: second driving device 260: solar cell module
300: driving circuit of the solar location tracking device
300a: vertical drive circuit 300b: left and right drive circuit
310: first optical sensor 320: second optical sensor
330: first resistance 340: second resistance
350: first motor driver 360: second motor driver
231, 251: motor 370: battery

Claims (1)

A driving circuit of a solar positioning device for photovoltaic power generation for driving at least one motor according to an output value detected by at least one pair of light sensors provided in the solar positioning device, the driving circuit being disposed on one side of the solar positioning device. A first optical sensor configured to sense sunlight and generate a first electrical signal; A second optical sensor disposed on the other side of the solar location tracking device and configured to sense sunlight and generate a second electrical signal; A first resistor limiting a current of the first electrical signal output from the first optical sensor; A second resistor limiting a current of a second electrical signal output from the second optical sensor; When one side is connected to the output terminal of the first optical sensor, the other side is connected to the output terminal of the second optical sensor, when the voltage of the first electrical signal is greater than the voltage of the second electrical signal, the motor A first motor driver for outputting a first control signal to rotate in a direction; And when one side is connected to an output terminal of the second optical sensor, the other side is connected to an output terminal of the first optical sensor, and the voltage of the second electrical signal is greater than the voltage of the first electrical signal. A second motor driving unit for outputting a second control signal for rotating in the opposite direction of the first direction,
The first control signal of the first motor driving unit and the second control signal of the second motor driving unit may be configured to drive the motor such that the motor is driven in the direction of a brighter light sensor among the first and second optical sensors. The driving circuit of the solar position tracking device, characterized in that the switching control of the supply of the drive power provided from the battery in one direction.

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