KR20110035385A - Flame-retardant composition of polyester fabric or polyamide fabric, and flame-retarding method using the same - Google Patents
Flame-retardant composition of polyester fabric or polyamide fabric, and flame-retarding method using the same Download PDFInfo
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- KR20110035385A KR20110035385A KR1020090093071A KR20090093071A KR20110035385A KR 20110035385 A KR20110035385 A KR 20110035385A KR 1020090093071 A KR1020090093071 A KR 1020090093071A KR 20090093071 A KR20090093071 A KR 20090093071A KR 20110035385 A KR20110035385 A KR 20110035385A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
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- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
- D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/76—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon oxides or carbonates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
- D06M13/03—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons with unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. alkenes, or alkynes
- D06M13/07—Aromatic hydrocarbons
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/08—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons
- D06M13/085—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons cycloaliphatic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/04—Heat-responsive characteristics
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물 및 이를 이용한 난연 처리 방법에 관한 방법으로서, 보다 상세하게는 인계 난연제 및 섬유 침투제를 포함하는 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물 및 이를 이용한 난연 처리 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a polyester or polyamide piece, a composition for flame retardant treatment of a fabric and a flame retardant treatment method using the same, and more particularly, to a polyester or polyamide piece including a phosphorus-based flame retardant and a fiber penetrating agent, flame retardant treatment of a fabric It relates to a composition for flame retardant treatment using the same.
폴리에스테르계 섬유 및 폴리아마이드계 섬유는 아크릴계 섬유와 더불어 3대합섬이라 불리우며, 그 사용량은 폴리아마이드계 49%, 폴리에스테르계 31%, 아크릴계 20%의 순으로 주종을 이루고 있다.Polyester-based fibers and polyamide-based fibers, together with acrylic fibers, are referred to as three clam islands. The amount of the polyester-based fibers and polyamide-based fibers is in order of 49% polyamide, 31% polyester, and 20% acrylic.
한편, 폴리에스테르계 섬유 또는 폴리아마이드계 섬유로 형성된 직물, 또는 편물 제품에 난연성을 부여하는 방법은 크게 나누어 전처리 방법과 후처리 방법으로 대별할 수 있으며, 전처리 방법으로는 1) 난연성 단량체와 고분자 섬유 물질을 공중합시켜 난연성이 부여된 고분자 물질을 얻는 방법과, 2) 방사시 난연성 물질을 첨가하여 브렌딩시키는 방법이 있고, 후처리 방법으로는 1) 실이나 직물, 편물 상 태에서 난연성 물질을 그라프트 중합시키는 방법과, 2) 직물, 편물의 염색 또는 기타 가공중 난연성 물질을 직물, 편물의 섬유상에 고착시키는 방법이 있다.On the other hand, the method of imparting flame retardancy to a textile or knitted product formed of polyester fibers or polyamide fibers can be roughly divided into pretreatment methods and post-treatment methods, and as a pretreatment method: 1) flame retardant monomer and polymer fibers There is a method of copolymerizing the material to obtain a polymer material imparted with flame retardancy, and 2) adding a flame retardant material at the time of spinning and blending. As a post-treatment method, 1) grafting the flame retardant material in the state of yarn, fabric, and knit 2) a method of impregnating a polymer, and 2) fixing a flame retardant material on a fabric or knit fabric during dyeing or woven fabric or knit fabric.
이중 폴리에스테르계 또는 폴리아마이드계 직물, 편물의 염색 또는 기타 가공중 난연성 물질인 인계 난연제를 사용하여 직물, 편물의 섬유상에 침투 고착시키는 방법은 통상적인 섬유 제조 방법, 직물 제조 방법 및 직물 후처리 가공 방법을 이용할 수 있는 장점이 있으나, 인계 난연제가 주로 직물, 편물의 표면상에 약하게 고착되기 때문에 이후 염색이나 다른 후가공 등의 수세 과정에서 손실되어 초기 고착된 양의 1/10 수준으로 남아있게 되고, 폴리에스테르계 또는 폴리아마이드계 직물, 편물에 적절한 수준의 난연성을 부여하지 못하는 문제가 발생한다.Double polyester- or polyamide-based fabrics, a method of penetrating and fixing fabrics on fabrics and fabrics using a flame retardant, which is a flame retardant material during dyeing or other processing of fabrics, include conventional fiber production methods, fabric production methods, and fabric post-treatment processing. The method can be used, but since the phosphorus-based flame retardant is mainly weakly adhered to the surface of the fabric or knitted fabric, it is lost in the subsequent washing process such as dyeing or other post processing, and remains at about 1/10 of the initial fixed amount. There is a problem that does not impart an adequate level of flame retardancy to polyester-based or polyamide-based fabrics, knitted fabrics.
본 발명은 종래의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출된 것으로서, 본 발명의 일 목적은 인계 난연제를 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 내부에 침투시켜 친화성을 향상시키고, 표면 및 내부 모두에 흡착이 이루어져, 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리 효율 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연성을 향상시킬 수 있는 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물을 제공하는데에 있다. 또한, 본 발명의 다른 목적은 본 발명에 따른 난연 처리용 조성물을 이용하여 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물을 난연 처리하는 방법을 제공하는데에 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems, one object of the present invention is to penetrate the inside of the polyester or polyamide piece, fabric, phosphate-based flame retardant to improve affinity, adsorption is made both on the surface and inside To provide a composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide piece, flame retardant treatment efficiency or polyamide piece of fabric, polyester or polyamide piece which can improve the flame retardancy of fabric. In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for flame retarding a polyester or polyamide piece, fabric using the flame retardant treatment composition according to the present invention.
본 발명의 일 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 인계 난연제; 벤젠, 사염화탄소, n-테트라데칸, 가솔린, 및 이소프로필 알코올로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나의 섬유 침투제; 상기 섬유 침투제의 가용성 매질; 및 선택적으로 염료를 포함하는 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물을 제공한다.In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention is a phosphorus-based flame retardant; Any one fiber penetrant selected from the group consisting of benzene, carbon tetrachloride, n-tetradecane, gasoline, and isopropyl alcohol; Soluble medium of the fiber penetrant; And optionally a composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide pieces, fabrics comprising dyes.
본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물에서 인계 난연제의 함량은 바람직하게는 난연 처리용 조성물 100 중량부 대비 1~20 중량부인 것을 특징으로 하고, 섬유 침투제의 함량은 바람직하게는 난연 처리용 조성물 100 중량부 대비 5~50 중량부인 것을 특징으로 한다.The content of the phosphorus-based flame retardant in the composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide piece and fabric according to the present invention is preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant treatment composition, and the content of the fiber penetrant is preferred. Preferably it is 5 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the composition for flame retardant treatment.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물은 인체에 대한 무해성과 난연 처리 과정에서의 경제성을 고려할 때 바람직하게는 섬유 침투제는 이소프로필 알코올이고 매질은 물인 것을 특징으로 한다. 또한, 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물에서 염료는 아조계 염료 또는 안트라퀴논계 염료 중에서 선택되는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide piece, fabric according to the present invention is preferably a fiber penetrating agent isopropyl alcohol and the medium is water in consideration of the harmlessness to the human body and economical efficiency in the flame retardant treatment process do. In addition, the dye in the composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide piece, fabric according to the present invention is preferably selected from azo dyes or anthraquinone dyes.
본 발명의 다른 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 폴리에스테르 섬유 , 폴리아마이드 섬유 및 이들의 혼합 섬유로부터 선택되는 어느 하나로 형성된 편물 또는 직물에 본 발명에 따른 난연 처리용 조성물을 디핑(Dipping) 또는 스프레잉(Spraying) 방법으로 코팅시키는 단계; 및 상기 코팅된 난연 처리용 조성물을 건조시켜 섬유 침투제 및 매질을 제거하는 단계;를 포함하는 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리 방법을 제공한다.In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention is to dipping or spraying the composition for flame retardant treatment according to the present invention on knitted fabric or fabric formed of any one selected from polyester fibers, polyamide fibers and mixed fibers thereof. Coating by the Spraying method; It provides a flame retardant treatment method of the polyester or polyamide piece, fabric comprising; and drying the coated flame retardant treatment composition to remove the fiber penetrant and the medium.
본 발명에 따른 난연 처리용 조성물의 섬유 침투제는 난연 처리시 인계 난연제를 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 내부에 침투시켜 인계 난연제의 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물에 대한 친화성을 향상시키고 전체적인 흡착량을 높일 수 있다. 따라서, 본 발명의 난연 처리용 조성물을 사용하는 경우 인계 난연제만을 사용하는 경우보다 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연성을 더 향상시킬 수 있다. 특히 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물이 염료를 포함하는 경우 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물을 염색시키면서 동시에 난연성을 부여할 수 있으므로 염색처리와 같은 후 가공에 의한 난연제의 손실을 방지할 수 있다.The fiber penetrating agent of the composition for flame retardant treatment according to the present invention penetrates the phosphorus flame retardant into the polyester or polyamide piece, the fabric during the flame retardant treatment to improve the affinity for the polyester or polyamide piece of the phosphorus flame retardant, fabric and overall The amount of adsorption can be increased. Therefore, when using the composition for flame retardant treatment of the present invention, it is possible to further improve the flame retardancy of polyester or polyamide pieces and fabrics than when only the phosphorus-based flame retardant is used. Particularly, when the composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide piece and fabric according to the present invention contains dyes, dyeing of polyester or polyamide piece and fabric can impart flame retardancy while dyeing the fabric, and Loss of flame retardant can be prevented.
본 발명의 일 측면은 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명에 따른 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물은 인계 난연제; 벤젠, 사염화탄소, n-테트라데칸, 가솔린, 및 이소프로필 알코올로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나의 섬유 침투제; 상기 섬유 침투제의 가용성 매질; 및 선택적으로 염료를 포함한다.One aspect of the present invention relates to a composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide piece, fabric, the composition of flame retardant treatment of polyamide piece, fabric according to the present invention; Any one fiber penetrant selected from the group consisting of benzene, carbon tetrachloride, n-tetradecane, gasoline, and isopropyl alcohol; Soluble medium of the fiber penetrant; And optionally dyes.
이하, 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물을 그 구성요소 별로 나누어 설명한다.Hereinafter, the composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide pieces and fabrics according to the present invention will be described by dividing them into their components.
폴리에스테르 또는 Polyester or 폴리아마이드Polyamide 편, 직물 Hen, fabric
본 발명에서 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물은 폴리에스테르 섬유로 형성되거나, 폴리아마이드 섬유로 형성되거나, 폴리에스테르 섬유와 폴리아마이드 섬유를 혼합한 혼합섬유로 형성된 편물(Knitted fabric) 또는 직물(Woven fabric)을 포함한다. 폴리에스테르(Polyester) 섬유는 주로 테레프탈산과 에틸렌글리콜의 축합중합체인 폴리에스테르를 방사(紡絲)하여 얻은 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트(Polyethylene terephthalate, PET) 섬유를 가리키는데, 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테를 섬유는 폴리부틸렌테레프탈레이트(Polybutylene terephthalate, PBT) 섬유 등을 포함하는 광의의 개념이다. 폴리아마이드(Polyamide) 섬유는 주로 나일론 섬유를 가리키는데, 본 발명에 따른 폴리아마이드 섬유는 방향족 폴리아마이드 섬유 인 아라미드(Aramid) 섬유를 포함하는 광의의 개념이다.In the present invention, the polyester or polyamide piece, the fabric is formed of polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, or knitted fabric (Knitted fabric) or woven fabric (Woven fabric) formed of mixed fibers mixed with polyester fibers and polyamide fibers ). Polyester fiber refers to a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber obtained by spinning a polyester, which is a condensation polymer of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, wherein the polyester fiber according to the present invention It is a broad concept including butylene terephthalate (Polybutylene terephthalate, PBT) fibers and the like. Polyamide fibers refer mainly to nylon fibers, and the polyamide fibers according to the present invention are a broad concept, including aramid fibers, which are aromatic polyamide fibers.
섬유 fiber 침투제Penetrant
본 발명에 따른 섬유 침투제는 인계 난연제가 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 표면에 흡착하는 것을 도와줄 뿐만 아니라, 인계 난연제가 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 내부에 침투하여 내부에 흡착하는 것을 도와 주는 액상 물질로서, 그 표면 장력이 편, 직물을 형성하는 폴리에스테르 섬유 또는 폴리아마이드 섬유의 임계 표면 장력보다 소정의 차이(약 20 dyne/㎝ 이상) 만큼 더 작은 것을 특징으로 한다. 도 1은 고체의 임계 표면 장력 및 액체의 표면 장력 차이에 따른 액체의 고체 침투 능력을 나타낸 것이다. 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 고체의 임계 표면 장력보다 매우 낮은 표면 장력을 가진 액상의 용매는 고체 내부(여기서는 직물을 형성하는 섬유들 간의 사이)까지 쉽게 침투할 수 있고, 인계 난연제를 동시에 동반하여 인계 난연제를 편물 또는 직물 내부에 흡착시키거나 인계 난연제의 편물 또는 직물 내부로의 접근성을 쉽게 하여 인계 난연제가 편물 또는 직물 내부에 흡착하는 것을 도와줄 수 있다. 이러한 특성을 가진 섬유 침투제로는 벤젠, 사염화탄소, n-테트라데칸, 가솔린, 또는 이소프로필 알코올 등이 있다. 도 2는 인계 난연제만을 사용한 경우(왼쪽)와 인계 난연제와 섬유 첨가제를 동시에 사용하는 경우(오른쪽) 인계 난연제가 편물, 또는 직물 내부에 흡착되는 양상을 나타낸 것이다. 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이 인계 난연제와 섬유 첨가제를 동시에 포함하는 본 발명의 난연 처리용 조성물을 사용하는 경우 인계 난연제만을 사용하는 경우보다 폴 리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연성을 더 향상시킬 수 있다. The fiber penetrating agent according to the present invention not only assists the phosphorous flame retardant to adsorb on the surface of the polyester or polyamide piece and the fabric, but also prevents the phosphorus flame retardant from adsorbing to the inside of the polyester or polyamide piece and the fabric. A liquid material that aids, characterized in that its surface tension is smaller by a predetermined difference (at least about 20 dyne / cm) than the critical surface tension of the polyester or polyamide fibers forming the fabric. 1 shows the ability of a solid to penetrate a liquid according to the critical surface tension of the solid and the difference in surface tension of the liquid. As shown in FIG. 1, a liquid solvent having a surface tension much lower than the critical surface tension of the solid can easily penetrate into the solid interior (here between the fibers forming the fabric), and simultaneously take over with a phosphorous flame retardant. The flame retardant may be adsorbed within the knit or fabric, or the phosphorous flame retardant may be readily accessible within the knit or fabric to assist the phosphorous flame retardant in adsorbing into the knit or fabric. Fiber penetrants having these properties include benzene, carbon tetrachloride, n-tetradecane, gasoline, or isopropyl alcohol. Figure 2 shows the case where the phosphorus-based flame retardant is used only (left) and when the phosphorus-based flame retardant and the fiber additive at the same time (right), the phosphorus-based flame retardant is adsorbed inside the knitted fabric or fabric. When using the flame retardant treatment composition of the present invention including a phosphorus-based flame retardant and a fiber additive at the same time as shown in Figure 2 can be further improved flame retardancy of polyester or polyamide piece, fabric than when using only a phosphorus-based flame retardant have.
하기 표 1은 본 발명에 따른 편물 또는 직물을 형성하는 폴리에스테르 섬유 또는 폴리아마이드 섬유의 임계 표면 장력과 침유 침투제로 사용되는 물질들의 표면 장력을 나타낸 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물의 섬유 침투제는 바람직하게는 인체에 무해하고 휘발성이 뛰어난 이소프로필 알코올인 것을 특징으로 한다. 비록 섬유 침투제는 후술하는 난연 처리 방법 중 건조 조건을 조절하여 모두 제거될 수 있으나, 벤젠, 사염화탄소가 증발되어 인체에 흡입되는 경우 매우 유해할 수 있으며, n-테트라데칸, 가솔린은 휘발성이 상대적으로 낮아 이를 제거하기 위해서는 높은 건조 온도를 필요로 하고 이로 인해 경제성이 떨어진다.Table 1 below shows the critical surface tensions of the polyester fibers or polyamide fibers forming the knit or woven fabric according to the present invention and the surface tension of the materials used as the immersion penetrant. The fiber penetrating agent of the composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide pieces and fabrics according to the present invention is preferably isopropyl alcohol, which is harmless to humans and excellent in volatility. Although the fiber penetrant can be removed by adjusting the drying conditions of the flame retardant treatment method described later, benzene, carbon tetrachloride can be very harmful when inhaled by the human body, n- tetradecane, gasoline is relatively low volatility To remove it requires a high drying temperature, which makes it economical.
Polyamide fiber
섬유 침투제의 함량은 크게 제한되지 않으나, 난연 처리용 조성물 100 중량부 대비 5~50 중량부인 것을 특징으로 하는데, 섬유 침투제 함량이 5 중량부 미만이면 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 내부에 침투하는 정도가 미비하여 인계 난연제가 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 내부에 흡착되기가 어려울 수 있고, 섬유 침투제의 함량이 50 중량부를 초과하면, 초과에 따른 효과의 증가가 미비하고 섬유 침투제는 건조에 의해 제거되고 회수되지 않기 때문에 과도한 섬유 침투제의 사용에 의해 경제성이 떨어질 수 있다.The content of the fiber penetrant is not limited, but it is characterized in that 5 to 50 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the flame retardant treatment composition, if the fiber penetrant content is less than 5 parts by weight of the polyester or polyamide piece, penetrating the inside of the fabric It may be difficult to adsorb phosphorus-based flame retardants to polyester or polyamide pieces or fabrics, and if the content of the fiber penetrant exceeds 50 parts by weight, the increase in effect is insignificant and the fiber penetrant to dry Economics can be compromised by the use of excessive fiber penetrants because they are not removed and recovered.
인계 taking over 난연제Flame retardant
본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물에서 사용될 수 있는 인계 난연제는 그 종류가 크게 제한되지 않으며, 일반적인 인산에스테르계 난연제, 방향족 축합 인산에스테르계 난연제, 할로겐 함유 인산에스테르계 난연제, 할로겐 함유 축합 인산에스테르계 난연제, 인산염계 난연제, 폴리인산염계 난연제 및 이들을 혼합한 난연제 등이 사용될 수 있다. 보다 구체적으로 인계 난연제는 트리메틸 포스페이트(Trimethyl phosphate), 트리에틸 포스페이트(Triethyl phosphate), 트리페닐 포스페이트(Triphenyl phosphate, TPP), 트리크레실 포스페이트(Tricresyl phosphate, TCP), 트리크실레닐 포스페이트(Trixylenyl phosphate, TXP), 레조시놀 비스(디페닐 포스페이트)[Resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate), RDP], 페닐 디레조시놀 포스페이트(Phenyl diresorcinol phosphate), 비스페놀 디페닐 포스페이트(Bisphenol diphenyl phosphate, BDP), 크레실 디페닐 포스페이트(Cresyl diphenyl phosphate), 크실레닐 디페닐 포스페이트(Xylenyl diphenyl phosphate), 페닐 디(이소프로필페닐)포스페이트[Phenyl di(isopropylphenyl) phosphate], 트리이소페닐 포스페이트(Triisophenyl phosphate), 디페닐포스페이트(Diphenyl Phosphate), 레조시놀디포스페이트(Resorcinol di Phosphate), 방향족 폴리포스페이트(Aromatic Polyphosphate), 인산 구아니딘(Guanidine phosphate), 인산 암모늄, 인산 멜라민, 폴리인산암모늄, 및 이들의 혼합물(여기서, 혼합물은 두가지 이상의 물질이 혼합된 것을 말한다.)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나인 것을 특징으로 한다.Phosphorus-based flame retardants that can be used in the composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide pieces and fabrics according to the present invention are not particularly limited, and are generally phosphate flame retardants, aromatic condensed phosphate ester flame retardants, and halogen-containing phosphate ester compounds. Flame retardants, halogen-containing condensed phosphate ester flame retardants, phosphate flame retardants, polyphosphate flame retardants and flame retardants mixed therewith may be used. More specifically, the phosphorus-based flame retardant is trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate (TPP), tricresyl phosphate (TCP), trixylenyl phosphate (Trixylenyl phosphate). , TXP), resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate), RDP], phenyl diresorcinol phosphate, bisphenol diphenyl phosphate (BDP), cresyl Cresyl diphenyl phosphate, Xylenyl diphenyl phosphate, Phenyl di (isopropylphenyl) phosphate, Triisophenyl phosphate, Diphenyl phosphate (Diphenyl Phosphate), Resorcinol di Phosphate, Aromatic Polyphosphate, Phosphorus Acid guanidine (Guanidine phosphate), ammonium phosphate, melamine phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, and mixtures thereof, wherein the mixture is one selected from the group consisting of two or more substances.
인계 난연제의 함량은 크게 제한되지 않으나, 난연 처리용 조성물 100 중량부 대비 1~20 중량부인 것을 특징으로 하는데, 인계 난연제 함량이 1 중량부 미만이면 난연 처리용 조성물 무게당 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물에 흡착되는 양이 너무 작아 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물에 충분한 난연성을 부여하기가 어려울 수 있고 상대적으로 섬유 첨가제 및 매질의 함량이 너무 많아 건조에 의한 제거 단계에서 과부하를 초래할 수 있다. 또한, 인계 난연제 함량이 20 중량부를 초과하면 초과에 따른 흡착량의 증가가 미비하고 일부 인계 난연제의 경우 점성이 높아 편, 직물 전체에 골고루 코팅시키는 것이 원활하지 않을 수 있다.Although the content of the phosphorus flame retardant is not particularly limited, it is characterized in that 1 to 20 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the composition for flame retardant treatment, if the phosphorus flame retardant content is less than 1 part by weight of polyester or polyamide piece per weight of the flame retardant treatment composition, The amount adsorbed on the fabric may be too small to impart sufficient flame retardancy to the polyester or polyamide piece, the fabric and the relatively high content of fiber additives and media may result in overload in the removal step by drying. In addition, when the phosphorus-based flame retardant content exceeds 20 parts by weight, the increase in the amount of adsorption due to the excess is insufficient, and in the case of some phosphorus-based flame retardants, the viscosity is high, and it may not be smooth to coat the entire fabric evenly.
섬유 침투제의 가용성 매질Soluble Medium of Fiber Penetrant
섬유 침투제의 가용성 매질은 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물의 섬유 침투제로 사용되는 벤젠, 사염화탄소, n-테트라데칸, 가솔린, 및 이소프로필 알코올을 용해시킬 수 있는 용매에서 선택된다. 구체적인 예로 섬유 침투제로 n-테트라데칸을 선택하는 경우 매질로는 옥틸 알코올 등이 있고, 섬유 침투제로 이소프로필 알코올을 선택하는 경우 매질로는 물 등이 있다. 매질은 섬유 침투제를 용해시키므로 섬유 침투제를 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물 전체에 균일하게 분포시킬 수 있고, 섬유 침투제가 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물 내부로 침투하는 것을 원활하게 한다. 또한, 섬유 침투제의 가용성 매질은 바람직하게는 인계 난연제를 용해시킬 수 있는 용매인 것이 바람직하다.The soluble medium of the fiber penetrating agent is a solvent capable of dissolving benzene, carbon tetrachloride, n-tetradecane, gasoline, and isopropyl alcohol used as the fiber penetrating agent of the polyester or polyamide piece according to the present invention, the composition for flame retardant treatment of fabrics. Is selected. As a specific example, when the n-tetradecane is selected as the fiber penetrating agent, the medium is octyl alcohol, and when the isopropyl alcohol is selected as the fiber penetrant, the medium is water. The medium dissolves the fiber penetrating agent so that the fiber penetrant can be evenly distributed throughout the polyester or polyamide piece, the fabric, and facilitates the penetration of the fiber penetrant into the polyester or polyamide piece, the fabric. In addition, the soluble medium of the fiber penetrating agent is preferably a solvent capable of dissolving the phosphorus-based flame retardant.
염료dyes
본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물은 인계 난연제, 섬유 침투제, 상기 섬유 침투제의 가용성 매질 외에 추가적으로 안료를 포함할 수 있다. 안료란 물·기름에 녹아 단분자로 분산하여 섬유 등의 분자와 결합하여 착색하는 유색물질을 가리키며, 물·기름에 녹지 않고 가루인 채로 물체 표면에 불투명한 유색막을 만드는 안료(顔料)와 구별된다. 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물에 사용되는 염료는 그 종류가 크게 제한되지 않으나, 바람직하게는 염착성이 뛰어난 아조계 염료 또는 안트라퀴논계 염료인 것을 특징으로 한다. 아조계 염료는 아조기를 발색단으로 가지는데, 합성이 아민의 디아조화·아조커플링이라는 쉬운 반응에 의해 이루어지며, 또한 구성성분의 조합에 따라 많은 종류의 염료를 비교적 저렴한 가격으로 얻을 수 있어 가장 많이 사용된다. 안트라퀴논계 염료는 안트라퀴논을 모체로 하는 염료이며, 일반적으로 견뢰도가 높고 색조도 선명하여 고급염료로 사용된다.The composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide pieces and fabrics according to the invention may further comprise pigments in addition to phosphorus-based flame retardants, fiber penetrants, soluble media of the fiber penetrants. A pigment refers to a colored substance that is dissolved in water and oil, dispersed as a single molecule, combined with molecules such as fibers, and colored. It is distinguished from a pigment that does not dissolve in water or oil and forms an opaque colored film on the surface of an object while being powdered. . The dyes used in the composition for flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide pieces and fabrics according to the present invention are not particularly limited, but are preferably azo dyes or anthraquinone dyes having excellent dyeability. Azo dyes have azo groups as chromophores. Synthesis is carried out by an easy reaction called diazotization and azo coupling of amines, and many kinds of dyes can be obtained at a relatively low price depending on the combination of components. Used. Anthraquinone dyes are dyes having an anthraquinone as a matrix, and are generally used as high-quality dyes because of high fastness and clear color tone.
본 발명의 다른 측면은 본 발명에 따른 난연 처리용 조성물을 이용하여 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물을 난연 처리하는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리 방법은 폴리에스테르 섬유 , 폴리아마이드 섬유 및 이들의 혼합 섬유로부터 선택되는 어느 하나로 형성된 편물 또는 직물에 본 발명에 따른 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 난연 처리용 조성물을 디핑(Dipping) 또는 스프레잉(Spraying) 방법으로 코팅시키는 단계; 및 상기 코팅된 난연 처리용 조성물을 건조시켜 섬유 침투제 및 매질을 제거하는 단계;를 포함한다.Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide piece, fabric using the flame retardant treatment composition according to the present invention, the method of flame retardant treatment of polyester or polyamide piece, fabric according to the present invention Dipping or spraying a composition for flame retardant treatment of a polyester or polyamide piece, a fabric according to the present invention on a knitted fabric or fabric formed of any one selected from silver polyester fibers, polyamide fibers and mixed fibers thereof Coating); And drying the coated flame retardant treatment to remove the fiber penetrant and the medium.
본 발명에 따른 난연 처리용 조성물을 코팅하는 방법으로서, 디핑(Dipping)은 난연 처리제 조성물에 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물을 일정 시간 담그었다가 빼내어 난연 처리제 조성물을 편, 직물에 함침시키거나 도포시키는 방법을 말하며, 스프레잉(Spraying)은 난연 처리제 조성물을 미세 입자의 형태로 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물 전체에 골고루 분사시켜 난연 처리제 조성물을 편, 직물에 함침시키거나 도포시키는 방법을 말한다.As a method for coating the flame retardant treatment composition according to the present invention, Dipping is a polyester or polyamide piece, the fabric is immersed in the flame retardant composition for a certain time and then removed to impregnate or apply the flame retardant composition to the fabric, fabric Spraying refers to a method of impregnating or applying a flame retardant composition to a piece of fabric, by spraying the flame retardant composition evenly on a piece of polyester or polyamide in the form of fine particles, or throughout the fabric.
한편, 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물에 코팅된 난연 처리제 조성물 중 섬유 침투제와 상기 섬유 침투제의 가용성 매질은 건조시 증발되어 제거되는데, 효과적인 제거를 위해서는 건조 온도 범위가 섬유 침투제의 끓는 점 및 상기 섬유 침투제의 가용성 매질의 끓는 점을 초과하고 폴리에스테르 또는 폴리아마이드 편, 직물의 물성을 변형시키지 않는 범위인 것이 바람직한데, 약 150~200℃의 범위를 갖는다.On the other hand, the soluble medium of the fiber penetrant and the fiber penetrant in the polyester or polyamide piece, the flame retardant treatment composition coated on the fabric is removed by evaporation when drying, the drying temperature range is the boiling point of the fiber penetrant and the fiber for effective removal It is preferable that the boiling point of the soluble medium of the penetrant exceeds the boiling point and does not modify the physical properties of the polyester or polyamide piece and the fabric, and has a range of about 150 to 200 ° C.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예를 통하여 보다 구체적으로 설명한다. 다만, 하기 실시예는 본 발명을 보다 명확히 설명하기 위한 것일 뿐 본 발명의 보호범위를 한정하는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the following examples are only intended to more clearly describe the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
1. 난연 처리용 조성물의 제조1. Preparation of the composition for flame retardant treatment
실시예 1.Example 1.
물 90g에 인산에스테르와 인산 구아니딘이 혼합된 인계 난연제(신라 케미칼, 한국, 제품명 : KFR 3-2) 5g, 및 이소프로필 알코올 10g을 넣고 교반시켜 균일하게 혼합하였다.To 90 g of water, 5 g of a phosphorous flame retardant (Silla Chemical, Korea, product name: KFR 3-2) mixed with phosphate ester and guanidine phosphate, and 10 g of isopropyl alcohol were added to the mixture, followed by stirring.
* 여기서 인산에스테르는 레조시놀 비스(디페닐 포스페이트)[Resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate), RDP]와 비스페놀 디페닐 포스페이트(Bisphenol diphenyl phosphate, BDP)로 이루어짐* Phosphate ester consists of resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate), RDP] and bisphenol diphenyl phosphate (BDP)
실시예 2.Example 2.
물 80g에 인산에스테르와 인산 구아니딘이 혼합된 인계 난연제(신라 케미칼, 한국, 제품명 : KFR 3-2) 5g, 및 이소프로필 알코올 20g을 넣고 교반시켜 균일하게 혼합하였다.5 g of a phosphorus flame retardant (Silla Chemical, Korea, product name: KFR 3-2) mixed with phosphate ester and guanidine phosphate, and 20 g of isopropyl alcohol were added to 80 g of water, followed by uniform mixing.
실시예 3.Example 3.
물 70g에 인산에스테르와 인산 구아니딘이 혼합된 인계 난연제(신라 케미칼, 한국, 제품명 : KFR 305) 5g, 및 이소프로필 알코올 30g을 넣고 교반시켜 균일하게 혼합하였다.To 70 g of water, 5 g of a phosphorus flame retardant (Silla Chemical, Korea, product name: KFR 305) mixed with phosphate ester and guanidine phosphate, and 30 g of isopropyl alcohol were added to the mixture, followed by stirring.
비교예 1.Comparative Example 1.
물 100g에 인산에스테르와 인산 구아니딘이 혼합된 인계 난연제(신라 케미칼, 한국, 제품명 : KFR 3-2) 5g을 넣고 교반시켜 균일하게 혼합하였다.5 g of a phosphorus flame retardant (Silla Chemical, Korea, product name: KFR 3-2) mixed with phosphate ester and guanidine phosphate was added to 100 g of water, followed by stirring and mixing.
2. 폴리에스테르 직물의 난연 처리 및 2. Flame retardant treatment of polyester fabric and 난연제Flame retardant 흡착량 분석 Adsorption amount analysis
실시예 1 내지 실시예 3 및 비교예 1에서 제조한 난연 처리용 조성물 각각을 용기에 넣고, PET 원단을 각각의 난연 처리용 조성물에 일정 시간 담근 후 꺼내어건조시켰다(건조 조건 : 170℃, 90초). PET 원단의 본래 평량 값과 난연 처리 후 PET 원단의 평량 값의 차이를 통해 PET 원단에 흡착된 인계 난연제의 양을 구하였고, 추가적으로 에너지 분산형 엑스선 분광기(Energy Dispersive X-ray, EDX)로 인산염(인산에스테르와 인산 구아니딘을 포함)용의 세기를 측정하였다. 표 2는 실시예 1 내지 실시예 3 및 비교예 1에서 제조한 난연 처리용 조성물 사용에 따른 PET 원단에 흡착된 인계 난연제의 양과 EDX에 의한 인산염 세기 측정값을 나타낸 것이다. Each of the flame retardant treatment compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 was placed in a container, and the PET fabric was immersed in each of the flame retardant treatment compositions for a predetermined time, and then taken out and dried (drying conditions: 170 ° C., 90 seconds). ). The amount of phosphorus-based flame retardant adsorbed on the PET fabric was obtained from the difference between the basis weight of the PET fabric and the basis weight of the PET fabric after flame retardant treatment, and additionally, the phosphate (Energy Dispersive X-ray, EDX) was used. The intensity | strength for phosphate ester and guanidine phosphate) was measured. Table 2 shows the amount of phosphorus-based flame retardant adsorbed on PET fabric according to the use of the compositions for flame retardant treatment prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 and the measured phosphate intensity by EDX.
표 2에서 나타내는 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 난연 처리 조성물을 사용한 경우 인계 난연제만을 사용한 경우보다 흡착량이 약 2배가량 증가하였고, 인계 난연제의 흡착량은 섬유 침투제의 사용량에 비례하여 증가하였다. 또한, EDX에 의한 인산염 세기 측정값에서도 동일한 경향을 나타내었다.As shown in Table 2, in the case of using the flame retardant treatment composition according to the present invention, the amount of adsorption increased by about 2 times compared with the case of using only the phosphorus flame retardant, and the amount of adsorption of the phosphorus flame retardant increased in proportion to the amount of the fiber penetrant used. In addition, the same tendency was shown in the measured value of the phosphate intensity by EDX.
도 1은 고체의 임계 표면 장력 및 액체의 표면 장력 차이에 따른 액체의 고체 침투 능력을 나타낸 것이다.1 shows the ability of a solid to penetrate a liquid according to the critical surface tension of the solid and the difference in surface tension of the liquid.
도 2는 인계 난연제만을 사용한 경우(왼쪽)와 인계 난연제와 섬유 첨가제를 동시에 사용하는 경우(오른쪽) 인계 난연제가 편물, 또는 직물 내부에 흡착되는 양상을 나타낸 것이다.Figure 2 shows the case where the phosphorus-based flame retardant is used only (left) and when the phosphorus-based flame retardant and the fiber additive at the same time (right), the phosphorus-based flame retardant is adsorbed inside the knitted fabric or fabric.
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