KR20110031517A - The tidal current generation apparatus of the floating type - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A floating tidal current generator is provided to generate electricity by absorbing energy from the tide flowing water surface and to prevent the decrease of energy conversion rate in spite of tidal direction change. CONSTITUTION: A floating tidal current generator comprises a hull(21), a power conversion device, generating structure, and water flowing paths(23, 25). The hull is rectangular type including an air connecting chamber. The power conversion device is arranged in the center line of the hull. The generating structure is the symmetry of the power conversion device. The water flowing path has an inclines, toward the power conversion device, on a floor part.

Description

Floating tidal current generators {The tidal current generation apparatus of the floating type}

The present invention relates to a floating algae generator, and more specifically, a high power conversion device capable of safely converting and anchoring a power line in a strait through which algae flows, so that the conversion efficiency is high and can be operated in a double flow type even at a low drop. It relates to a non-knowledge tidal power generation device that adjusts buoyancy and horizontality to absorb and generate the flow velocity energy in the passing water.

In the narrow straits that lead to islands and islands, islands and land history or wide bays, tides are formed only by tidal tides, and records have been used to power algae since ancient times, and attempted to install underwater algae generators on the Hudson River in New York, USA. A lot of research is underway, such as the Ocean Research Laboratory experimenting with Uldolmok as a national project.

The conditions given for this task are that the flow rate is not fast, but the flow rate is abundant, and the tidal direction is changed every 6 hours and 25 minutes, and the water level and the flow rate change severely depending on the topography and tides.

Due to the narrow tidal tidal flats, the archipelago's tidal power generation is not economical or the construction scope is too large for the construction of seawalls. Power conversion device with high conversion efficiency can absorb energy and develop into non-regulation type. However, since only a part of the large amount of water passed through the strait is used for power generation, the flow rate may be slightly improved, but the flow rate may not be adjusted as fast as desired or the drop may be adjusted.

The present invention attempts to generate power by absorbing energy from the water passing through the hull in the state where the top of the generator is exposed to the surface, to speed up the flow rate within the possible range, not to reduce the amount of passage much, It is to develop a tidal current generator that can generate power at low speed with flow rate less than 1m / sec by applying a power converter with high conversion efficiency at the drop.

When the hull, which is a rectangular parallelepiped, floats on the surface of the water, the amount of passage through the power converter passes through the power converter, and when the passage cross-section becomes narrow, the flow velocity of the water inlet and drain is stagnated, and a drop is formed in the power converter located between them. The flow velocity is faster and the drop is proportional to the width of the hull. Therefore, when the power converter rotates, if the space is too narrow or the amount of passing water is limited, the water that cannot pass through the power generator flows out of the hull and the resistance received by the hull increases.

In a limited drop, the magnitude of rotational energy is proportional to the amount of passing water, so that as much energy as possible can be passed through the power converter in order to absorb much energy. In particular, in the low drop, since the potential energy, or gravity, is converted into rotational energy rather than the impact of the flow velocity, the area subject to gravity should be large and there should be no energy leaking.

In order to increase the energy absorption rate in the ultra low drop, it is essential that the power conversion device has a high conversion efficiency in the water and the rotational direction is not only constant even if the direction of the tidal flow is changed, and the conversion efficiency is not reduced at all. A power converter that can meet these conditions starts to rotate when gravity is greater than the resistance of the aberration, and the rotational speed and the amount of passage are directly proportional.

The winged aberration is kept folded until 8-12 wings attached to the drum with water are loaded at the inlet and rotated to the drain by gravity to release the water by returning to the inlet. water pack) The aberration is attached to the drum every 8-12 wings attached to the drum slightly in the opposite direction to the rotational direction, and when the water pressure is applied, it pushes the fluid in it and fills the space created by the contraction with water to drain. As it rotates, it expands again by the fluid pushed in from the inlet to push the water out and back to the inlet in an expanded state, where the aberration is winged until the aberration vane carries enough water to absorb the energy. To keep them from escaping and keep the wings folded or inflated when returning to the inlet. It is a vertical aberration that increases the energy recovery rate by blocking the water pressure of the water inlet and preventing water from the water drain remaining between the wings and returning to the water inlet.It can convert the flow velocity (position) energy into rotational energy without resistance in water. Since it is directly proportional to the speed, the drop can be adjusted by itself.

In particular, since the wing structure, aberration collection, guide plate, etc. are completely symmetrical structure so that water passes only in one direction, the direction of rotation does not change even if the direction of the tide changes, and the conversion efficiency does not decrease at all.

The spring blade turbine increases the energy absorption rate by accelerating the flow rate by adjusting the opening angle by the gravity and the spring's elastic strength by narrowing the gap between the last rotor blades with a spring. However, since water does not pass in the opposite direction, it must be installed vertically in order to operate in the double flow type, and there is a space above and below the turbine, and the water flow must be led to the turbine by opening and closing the gate.

Since the power converters may have a limited lifespan, such as wear of the driving unit and durability of the water bag, the parts may need to be replaced periodically.

If a generator is not connected to a water wheel or a turbine, there is no resistance, which leads to a faster flow rate and a large amount of water to pass, thus forming the same flow rate as the outside of the hull in the inlet and the drain. However, when the generator is connected, the resistance increases, the rotational speed decreases, the passing water decreases, and the drop between the inlet and the drainage increases, and as the drop increases, the gravity applied to the aberration wing increases.

When the rotation speed is reduced to 60% by the generator connection, the power generation efficiency is the best and the efficiency decreases when the speed is reduced below 40%, so select the generator capacity so that the rotation speed becomes 60% at the average flow rate. However, it is difficult to set the average flow rate, or effective drop, because the flow rate changes depending on the tidal tide difference, especially at a small rate, but it is difficult to set the average flow rate or effective drop, but the longer the time to produce the average power generation than the maximum generation, the more the total generation will be close. Select the generator capacity based on the flow rate. The higher the rotational speed, the higher the power generation and the greater the resistance, so the power generation efficiency does not drop much. The low speed generator will also increase the power using the accelerator or automatic transmission.

To be able to safely anchor and develop against high flow rates, high waves, and tsunamis, it is ruggedly constructed to prevent the accumulation of impact during operation, and horizontal to allow for continued restoration or restoration of impact-deformed parts. The self-adjustment is to be carried out by itself, and the lift at the top of the hull should be raised to a constant height to prevent flooding.

In order for the floating algae generator to fully function, the anchoring must be moored to face the water front. As the amount of energy absorbed by the power generation is applied to the hull, an anchoring means capable of withstanding the resistance is required. In particular, it is necessary to cope with the surge and tsunami caused by the typhoon.

Underwater algae generators use the existing flow rate without adding or subtracting, so it is impossible to improve the rotational speed without the acceleration device, and even if installed in zigzag, only a part of the flow rate energy can be utilized, but the floating algae generator has a large amount of passing water depending on the area of inlet. When moored across the strait, it will be able to secure nearly as much power as tidal tidal power.

In seas where waves are always high, waves can disrupt the water inlets and drains, preventing them from generating power. When buoyancy is not enough to block the waves, surface waves need to be absorbed and birds can pass through. .

Therefore, the tidal current generator with high conversion efficiency at low drop is safely anchored on the water surface in the strait where the tidal stream flows, so that the potential energy is absorbed in the large amount of passing water as much as possible to produce electricity and to manage the power generation. The purpose is to develop a floating algae generator that can adjust the buoyancy and level to facilitate.

To achieve this object, the width of the hull is at least three times the diameter of the power converter, the length is slightly longer than the sum of the diameters of the number of power converters to be installed, and the height is the height of the aberration or the diameter of the turbine and the air collection chamber at the bottom. The vertical power converter is installed in the center line of the hull structure, which is a rectangular parallelepiped, to install the vertical power converter which can be rotated in a double flow, and the partition and the side wall are installed symmetrically about the main shaft. Make an uphill slope.

The power converter can be installed at a low drop, with a high efficiency of water bag aberration, or one of the wing collapsible aberrations and the aberration house at the centerline, or vertically installed so that the top of the spring-wing turbine is located at the bottom of the passageway and discharged under the hull. Works.

The spring-winged turbine installed vertically must operate the sluice to direct water to the turbine whenever the tidal flow changes, so the half-cylindrical sluice is driven by the flow rate along the trajectory fixed to the top of the hull and the edge of the turbine house. When the automatic swivel door is installed to rotate, or a flat water gate attached with a buoyancy band on the back so as to float on the water surface is attached to the top of the inlet and the drain by a hinge, and the ropes are connected to each other to close one side by water pressure. Automate to open securely.

In order to mass produce electric power in deep straits, the height of aberrations can be made according to the depth or the aberrations made to a certain standard can be connected in multiple stages according to the depth to produce and arrange the height of the hull structure according to the depth. Increases the diameter and places the turbine top and bottom spaces above the diameter.

The buoyancy device, which is made of styrofoam or foamed urethane or empty drum with buoyancy ingot holder, is a basic buoyancy device that is attached as a shock absorber to the support that protrudes more than 1 ~ 1.5m from the upper edge of the hull. 5 air pockets located at the bottom of the hull and 4 according to the inclination information received from the horizontal sensor on the corner of the hull. Air or air is injected into two air bags to automatically adjust the buoyancy and level.

When the flow rate is high and the water slope is too high, it is difficult to adjust the level by air buoyancy alone, or when the basic buoyancy device rises above the water and loses its function, the integration of multiple buoyancy devices attached to each side into one support on each side The height of the basic buoyancy device is adjusted hydraulically according to the information received from the horizontal sensor on the corner, so that the horizontal and the lift height are automatically adjusted at the same time.

When a large number of tidal power generators are placed in the passageway through which ships can pass, construct a pier on both sides of the coast, a pier on the ship passage, and an intermediate pier when the gap is wide. A c-shape attached to the rear of the first track so that a plurality of first pulleys, which are attached to a bending plate to which the wire is attached and pulled and fixed, move up and down along the first track, and prevent derailment of the first pulley. The second pulley bound to the bending plate moves in the second orbit, and the buoyancy bars are attached to the bending plate to move up and down with the power generation device according to the water level.

On the other hand, the double piers are vertically attached to the middle piers so that the pulleys that are bound to both sides of the flat plate fixing the middle portion of the wire can move vertically along the bidirectional tracks.

When anchoring the floating-type tidal current generator with a column, the four edges of the hull or the plurality of pillars are placed along the length of the hull to combine the upper end with a truss so as not to bend or open. By moving up and down, you can anchor safely according to the width and depth of the strait.

When the waves cannot be blocked by the buoyancy of the buoyancy device on the coast where high waves frequently come from, the pumping wave generator or the barge wave generator with the barrier wall is installed in parallel with the tidal current generator to generate power and breakwater. Serve.

Straits with algae flow have higher density of water than air, making it easier to absorb energy and generally have a constant flow rate. A large amount of electricity can be produced by generating water, and the construction period can be considerably shortened by moving the power line produced at the factory to the sea and anchoring it.

It can continue to develop outside the time when the tide and the ebb intersect, and there is little ups and downs in the amount of power generated unless the waves are affected. Especially, it can keep the tidal flat as it was before, so that it can prevent the voyage of the ship. There is no impact at all.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a power generation apparatus 9 in which a water bag aberration 1 or a wing folding aberration 5 is installed vertically, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the aberration wing 26 and the aberration collection 24. The water flows horizontally to only one side of the aberration 1 or 5, and in particular, the guide plate and the roller 44 of the wing-folding aberration 5 do not allow the water of the inlet 23 to pass between the wings. It is blocked to flow in) so that the direction of rotation does not change even if the direction of the algae changes, as well as the drain port 25 can be rotated even if the inlet 23 is partially exposed.

3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of the power generating apparatus 9 in which the spring turbine 2 is installed vertically, so that water flows through the turbine 2 whenever the direction of the tidal current changes in the double flow power generation. It is a sectional view that installed.

By making the water gate 35 lightly and installing a semi-cylindrical rotating water gate 35a so as to be pushed and rotated at a flow rate along the upper and lower raceways 89 provided at the upper end of the hull 21 and the turbine edge as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 4, the planar sluice gate 35b, which operates lightly in water, is connected to the wires 82a and 82b to operate simultaneously. When the water gate has a proper buoyancy, the upper wire 82a connecting upward between the two water gates 35 may be omitted.

This is a bimodal power generation in which the functions of the water inlet 23 and the drain 25 change according to the direction of water flow. Therefore, the internal structure of the hull 21 is a symmetrical rectangular parallelepiped centered on the power converter. The height and length of the hull 21 are variously produced according to the width of the 98.

The wider the gap between the water inlet 23 and the drain 25, i.e., the wider the hull 21, the greater the drop and the improved safety of the hull 21. Depending on the diameter of the converter and how many generators 27 are to be installed, it is suitable to install three to five generators 27 on one power generation line (9). If only one or two units are installed, stability may be reduced, and if it is too long, safety management may be difficult.

The aberration (1) type can adjust the height of the structure according to the depth to the extent that the height of the hull (21) is stranded on the seabed at the time of low tide does not tilt. However, since the turbine 2 is obtained at the top and drained downward, there must be sufficient space in the upper and lower portions of the hull 21.

The partition 36 is not necessarily required for each of the aberrations 1 or 5 or the turbine 2, but the partition 36 is required when the hull 21 is firm and partially repaired.

As shown in FIG. 5, a basic buoyancy device 31 capable of maintaining the height of the lift on the top of the power line 9 and absorbing the impact of waves is attached to the hull outside by 1 to 1.5 m or more, and is buoyant and horizontal as shown in FIG. 11. The buoyancy height and the buoyancy of the air pocket 54 and the air bag 53 under the hull 21 according to the information received from the horizontal sensor 51 with the adjustment system Adjust the level

When the water flows on the water, there is a slope, and when the direction of the tidal flow changes, when the buoyancy ingot 48 of the basic buoyancy device 51 on the drain hole 25 is completely exposed above the water, the buoyancy function is dropped, and the hull 21 is inclined. Since it is difficult to adjust the horizontal level only by buoyancy of the air alone, the center of gravity can be lifted up, by adjusting the height of the basic buoyancy device 31 with the hydraulic pressure 91 as shown in Figure 6 can be adjusted together with the height of the float.

Since the tidal current line 9 using the aberrations 1 & 5 flows horizontally, when the wave is pushed into the inlet 23 or the drain 25, the level is disturbed and the power generation can be deteriorated and the amount of power generated can be reduced. The buoyancy block 48 of the buoyancy device 31 prevents waves or in areas where there are many waves, the floating wave power generator 6 or the barge-type wave power generator with a barrier wall is anchored side by side to serve as a breakwater. do.

When anchoring one or two tidal power generation lines (9), as shown in Fig. 7 anchored in four directions by connecting the top and bottom of the hull (21) with anchors and anchor strings (99), but anchored in consideration of fluctuations in water level Fix it so that it is not too tight even if the position changes slightly.

When placing several chucks to the bridge pier 98 to secure with a strong wire (wire) (82) is a method of using the bridge pier 98 of the leg because there is little position variation and high stability. In this case, the wire terminal fixing device 90 and the middle fixing of the wire as shown in FIG. 8 in the middle pier 98 and the pier 98 at both ends so that the wire 82 together with the power line 9 can also move up and down according to the water level. Use the device.

When the power line 9 is anchored across the strait, the shallow shore provides a pier to which the wire anchoring device 90 of FIG. 8 can be attached, and when the strait is wide, reinforce the pier 98 in the middle of the pier. It is also possible to connect 98 to the bridge deck and use it as a road.

The most reliable and safe anchoring method is to place the poles on the four corners of the hull 21 as shown in Figure 9 so that the roller 44 can rise and fall by the water level riding the pillar 100, the hull 21 is stranded Even if the impact is small and can be developed without tilting, the gap between the bottom and the bottom of the hull 21 at high tide can increase the amount of passage through the hull.

When the water depth is deep, as shown in Figure 10, the height of the power generation line (9) is produced in multiple stages according to the depth, when anchored in accordance with the depth of the water flowing under the hull (21) to block most of the fall, the increase in the amount of power can be increased have. If the height of the power generation device (9) is increased, the height of the aberration (1 or 5) should also be increased, so that two or three standardized aberrations (1) can be connected in multiple stages to produce various heights of the power line.

When a typhoon or tsunami is noticed, a method of lowering the hull 21 to reduce the impact or bringing it to the land is devised, and a warning light or a buoy 48 is installed on the anchor line and the hull 21 for the safety of the ship passing through the surroundings. Anchoring across a seaway requires a facility where ships can pass safely.

1 is a cross-sectional view of the floating algae generator with water bag aberration or wing folding aberration

2 is a plan view of a floating algae generator equipped with a water bag aberration and wing folding aberration.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating gate installation of the floating-type tidal current generator with spring turbine

4 is a cross-sectional plan view of the planar automatic sluice installation of a floating-type tidal current generator with a spring turbine

5 is a cross-sectional view of the basic buoyancy device, air bag, and air collecting chamber of the floating algae generator

6 is a side view of the buoyancy and leveling device using a hydraulic device

FIG. 7 is an anchoring diagram using anchors and anchor wires of floating bird generators

8 is a detailed view of the wire fixing device for anchoring the floating power generator to the piers.

9 is a perspective view of the anchoring device using a column (or ladder pier)

10 is a side view of the berth of the floating algae generator with height adjusted according to the depth

11 is a water level sensor, air compressor and distribution pipe piping for buoyancy and horizontal adjustment

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

One; Water bag aberration 2; Spring-wing turbine 5; Winged aberration

6; Floating wave power generator 9; Floating tide generator 20; Water flow direction

21; Hull, hull structure 23; Inlet 24; Aberration

25; Drain 26; Aberration wings 27; generator

28a, 28b; Water bag 30; Bending plate 30a; Flat holder

31; Basic buoyancy device 32; Aberration axis of rotation, main shaft 33; First track

33a; Second orbit 33b; Double-sided orbit 34; Safety net

35; Hydrology 36; Partition 40; Shock Absorber

41; Spring 43; First pulley 43a; Second pulley

44; Guide plate and roller 45; Support 46; bearing

47; Shock observer 48; Buoyancy 49; Buoyancy holder

51; Level sensor 52; Median water level 53; Air bag

54; Air collection chamber 55; Control box 56; Air compressor

82; Wire, rope 82a; Upper wire 82b; Inner wire

89; Rolling gate track 90; Wire anchor 91; Hydraulic arm (device)

92; Hydraulic pump 93; Revolving door 98; pier

98a; Middle pier 99; Anchor and anchor string 100; Pillar (skeleton)

103; U bolts, nuts 106; Hoist 108; Underwater

111; Hinge 130; block

Claims (8)

The width of the hull is at least three times the diameter of the power converter, the length is the number of the power converter, the height of the aberration or the cuboid hull including the diameter and the air collection chamber of the turbine, A power converter disposed on the hull centerline; A power generator structure symmetrical with respect to the power converter, A passage through which a floor slopes uphill toward the power converter; Floating bird generator including buoyancy and leveling device. The method according to claim 1, Floating algae generator that generates power horizontally by installing one of the vertical water bag aberration or wing folding wing aberration with high conversion efficiency at low drop. The method according to claim 1, The spring wing turbine (2) is installed so that the upper end is located at the bottom of the passage (23, 25), Arc-shaped rotating door 35a which automatically rotates hydraulically along a vertical rotational track 89 fixed to the upper part of the hull and the turbine house edge so that power generation water passes through the turbine, or The water-tight gate, which is attached to the buoyancy ingot by the hinge 111 on both sides and is connected by one to two ropes 82a and 82b, is characterized by a water gate that is automatically opened and closed simultaneously by hydraulic pressure. Floating bird generator. The method according to claim 1, A basic buoyancy device 31 attached to the support of the buoyancy unit 48 coupled to the holder 49 on the top of the hull by a shock observer 47 protruding to a side for 1.5 m or more, According to the inclination information of the horizontal detection sensor 51 located in the hull square, the five air collection chamber 54 located at the bottom and four air pockets 53 using the buoyancy and horizontal automatic adjustment system using buoyancy Floating bird generator. The method according to claim 4, By adjusting the height of the integrated basic buoyancy device (31a) tied to one support for each side of the basic buoyancy device with a hydraulic device in accordance with the inclination information of the horizontal detection sensor 51 in the four corners to automatically adjust the horizontal and floating height at the same time Floating algae generator that is controlled by. A plurality of first pulleys 44 which are vertically fixed to a pier or a vertical pier, a plurality of first pulleys 44 moving up and down along the first trajectory by binding to a bending plate 30 fixing a wire end; A c-shaped second orbit 33a attached vertically to the rear of the first orbit, a plurality of second pulleys 44a that are bound to the bending plate and move in the second orbit and the bending plate 30. A wire end fixing device including an attached buoyancy 48; Intermediate wire fixing device including a plurality of pulleys (44b) vertically attached to the middle piers, and a plurality of pulleys (44) which are coupled to both sides of the plane holder (30a) fixing the middle portion of the wire and move vertically along the two-sided track. Wire anchoring system Four edges of the hull and the upper portion of the plurality of pillars placed in the middle connected with a truss, the two rollers 44 bound to the hull moves the pillar up and down in orbit, or climb the pillar Floating ring and anchoring system, characterized in that the anchoring by connecting the hull 21 with a rope anchoring. Floating wave power generator or barge-type wave power generator with a breakwater wall is anchored in parallel with the hull on the side of the hull at regular intervals to use as a breakwater floating device, characterized in that used as a breakwater.

Images