KR20110015306A - System making fresh water from sea water using solar energy and small hydroelectric power - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A seawater desalination system using solar energy and the small hydroelectric power generation is provided to prevent the solar energy shortage for desalinating and driving a pump. CONSTITUTION: A seawater desalination system comprises the following: an evaporator(32) heating seawater(c) using the latent heat of a phase transition medium(b); a desalination device(31) formed with a concentrator(33) concentrating steam generated from the evaporator to produce fresh water; a solar heat collector(10) for heating the seawater inside the desalination device; a sunlight power generator(20) collecting solar energy for driving plural pumps; a fresh water unit(30); an ejector pump(40) making the vacuum condition inside the desalination device; and a small hydroelectric power generator(50).

Description

System Making Fresh Water from Sea Water using Solar Energy and Small Hydroelectric Power}

The present invention relates to a seawater desalination system for desalination of seawater by using solar energy and solar energy using solar light, and at the same time, to cover the power of a pump with high power consumption by using a hydrophobic power generator.

The method of evaporating seawater to take fresh water has been tried for a long time, and the use of solar energy as a means to evaporate seawater has also received much attention in recent years.

In general, the process of separating freshwater from seawater is divided into thermal energy, mechanical / electrical energy, and renewable energy system according to energy sources. have. Among them, solar water desalination is divided into single-use system using one evaporator and multi-stage effect system using several evaporators to increase fresh water yield. This multi-stage system is divided into multi-stage flash distillation (MSF) and multi-effect evaporation (MED). This approach has been applied to large systems using hot stems or producing large quantities of fresh water.

On the other hand, desalination systems using solar heat as a heat source usually produce hot water from seawater by providing hot water having a temperature of 60 ° C. to 80 ° C. absorbed from solar heat. It consists of an evaporator to vaporize seawater, a condenser to liquefy evaporated water vapor, an ejector to vacuum the condenser and evaporator space, a solar collector and a heat storage tank to store solar heat.

According to the principle, water having a low temperature of about 45 ° C. is heated while circulating inside a heat storage tank that stores heat sources such as solar heat, and hot water of about 60 ° C. is generated. This hot water flows into the evaporator inside the evaporator to heat and evaporate seawater outside the evaporator, and the vaporized water vapor is liquefied at the outer surface of the condenser. Seawater flows into the condenser tube of the condenser. The temperature rises while condensing the water vapor outside the tube and flows into the evaporator. The introduced seawater is heated by the hot water inside the evaporator tube to release water vapor, and the remaining seawater is discharged by the ejector. At this time, the hot water inside the evaporator tube is lowered again and circulated to the heat storage tank.

The solar energy utilization system is an important technology for securing alternative water resources due to low energy, eco-friendliness, small device size, and low initial investment cost, and has the advantage of being distributed to islands or several small areas.

However, the problem of this solar desalination technology is that the amount of freshwater produced is irregular due to the sun's uneven amount of solar radiation, and when the amount of solar radiation is small, the production amount is greatly reduced due to lack of heat.

In addition, in the desalination system, various kinds of pumps for heating the heat medium, fresh water, sea water, etc., and a power source such as an ejector pump, which requires relatively more power than the pumps, also use solar heat. There is a problem that the lack of thermal energy that can be used for heating.

In addition, even when the driving power of the pumps are solved using solar light, the ejector pump installed for the vacuum in the desalination device has a large power consumption, and economic problems have arisen when the solar power system is used.

Such a problem causes a larger problem of having to provide a separate power supply device in the system, and has an additional disadvantage of increasing facility cost and running cost.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention in the seawater desalination system using solar energy and solar energy of the solar light, to maintain the vacuum in the fresh water portion through the electrical energy using the sunlight. The ejector pump must be operated, but the power of the ejector pump is so high that it is difficult to cover with a photovoltaic power generation system. Therefore, a hydrophobic generator is installed in the condensate discharge line of seawater discharged after being used as condensate in the desalination system. To provide a seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydropower generation to install and produce electrical energy from the hydropower generator through the seawater flowing to be discharged to cover 60 to 80% of the ejector pump driving power. have.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be described below and will be appreciated by the embodiments of the invention. Furthermore, the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by means and combinations indicated in the claims.

The present invention is a means for solving the above problems, in order to make the fresh water by changing the phase change medium of the hot gas state into a liquid state, and evaporating the sea water inside by using the latent heat during the phase change, A seawater desalination system having a desalination device comprising an evaporator for heating through latent heat of a phase change medium and a condenser for condensing water vapor generated in the evaporator to produce fresh water, wherein the solar house for heating seawater in the desalination device is provided. Fissures; A solar power generation unit for collecting solar energy to drive a plurality of pumps driven in the solar heat collecting system; The desalination unit is provided with a desalination unit to desalination sea water; An ejector pump for vacuuming the inside of the desalination apparatus; And a hydrophobic power generator for producing electrical energy for driving the ejector pump.

The solar collector may include a solar collector for collecting solar heat; A solar storage tank for storing the solar heat and allowing the phase change medium to vaporize into a high temperature gas while flowing therein; A heat collecting pump installed between the solar heat collector and the solar storage tank to flow a heat transfer medium; A phase change medium flow pump installed between the solar collector and the desalination device to flow a phase change medium; Characterized in that consists of.

In addition, the desalination unit is a desalination apparatus for the phase change medium evaporated through the thermal energy of the solar storage tank and the desalination by evaporating the sea water inside, and returning the used sea water to the sea; A sea water supply tank for supplying sea water to the desalination device; A fresh water storage tank for storing fresh water made from the desalination apparatus; Characterized in that consists of.

In addition, the solar power generation unit and a solar module for collecting the sunlight; A control unit converting the DC power generated through the solar module into AC power to be used as driving power of the heat collecting pump and the phase change medium flow pump driven by the ejector pump and the solar heat collecting unit; Characterized in that consists of.

In addition, the hydropower generator is installed in the condensate discharge line for discharging seawater used as cooling water from the condenser in the desalination apparatus to the sea, it characterized in that the electrical energy is produced by the flow of the seawater.

In addition, the hydropower generator is characterized in that the capacity of the electrical energy produced, depending on the capacity of the desalination apparatus or the cooling water capacity used in the desalination apparatus.

In addition, the hydropower generator is characterized in that it covers 60 to 80% of the total electrical energy used by the ejector pump.

As described above, the present invention has the effect of using the thermal energy and electrical energy at the same time through the solar heat and solar power in the solar energy, without additional additional energy supply.

In addition, the present invention desalination of sea water using solar heat, using the solar energy as a plurality of pump driving power used in the solar power generation unit, for driving the ejector pump that consumes more power than the pump In addition, by installing a hydrophobic power generator in the condensate discharge line of the sea water used and discharged from the desalination unit, there is an effect that can prevent in advance the lack of solar energy for desalination and the lack of sunlight for driving the pump.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of supplying the electric energy of the ejector pump in the desalination apparatus when the desalination of the seawater through the desalination apparatus, at the same time the hydroelectric power generation in synchronization with the desalination apparatus is operated.

Before describing the various embodiments of the present invention in detail, it will be appreciated that the application is not limited to the details of construction and arrangement of components described in the following detailed description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention may be embodied and carried out in other embodiments and carried out in various ways. It should also be noted that the device or element orientation (e.g., "front," "back," "up," "down," "top," "bottom, Expressions and predicates used herein for terms such as "left," " right, "" lateral, " and the like are used merely to simplify the description of the present invention, Or that the element has to have a particular orientation.

The present invention has the following features to achieve the above object.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the common or dictionary meanings, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.

Hereinafter, a seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydropower generation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1.

As shown, the seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydrophobic power generation according to the present invention is a solar heat collector 10, solar power generation unit 20, fresh water unit 30, ejector pump 40, hydrophobic power generator ( Small Hydroelectric Power Generating Equipment, 50).

First, in the seawater desalination system of the present invention, a desalination apparatus 31 for making seawater c into fresh water (d) is installed in the desalination unit 30 to be described later, and is supplied into the desalination apparatus 31. Phase change medium (b) is used as a medium for evaporating the seawater (c).

In addition, the phase change medium (b) is evaporated and flows into the hot gas through the solar heat collecting unit 10 which will be described later, and the phase change medium (b) of the high temperature gas state is introduced into the desalination unit (31) and the seawater ( Heat is lost through heat exchange with c) and phase changes to liquid state. At this time, seawater (c) is evaporated through latent heat generated. Thereafter, the phase change medium b deprived of heat flows back to the solar heat collecting unit 10 and vaporizes into a high temperature gas.

The solar heat collecting unit 10 is to use solar heat of solar energy for heating the phase change medium (b) for evaporating the sea water (c) in the process of desalination of the sea water (c).

To this end, the solar collector 10 is connected to the solar collector 11 for collecting solar heat and the solar collector 11, the solar heat collected from the solar collector 11 using a heat transfer medium (a). It consists of a solar storage tank 13 for storing the. (If the purpose of heat transfer, the heat transfer medium (a) can be used in various kinds by the user.)

Of course, the heat transfer medium (a) is to circulate the solar collector 11 and the solar storage tank 13, for this purpose, a heat collecting pump 12 is installed between the solar collector 11 and the solar storage tank (13). do.

(In order for the heat transfer medium a to flow between the solar collector 11 and the solar storage tank 13, a movement line connecting each other should be provided. The same applies, and various pumps (to be described in detail below) for flowing the heat transfer medium (a), the phase change medium (b), etc. should also be installed in such a moving line.

The desalination unit 30, as described above, the desalination apparatus 31 for desalination of the sea water (c), sea water (c) to be made of fresh water (d) in the desalination device (31) and sea water to be used as cooling water It consists of a seawater supply tank (35) for providing (c), a freshwater storage tank (38) for storing fresh water (d) made in the desalination device (31).

The desalination device 31 is composed of a well-known evaporator 32 and a condenser 33, the evaporator 32 is to allow the sea water (c) therein to be heated through the latent heat of the phase change medium (b) The condenser 33 condenses the water vapor generated in the evaporator 32 into fresh water d. In addition, as a medium for evaporating the sea water (c) is used a phase change medium (b) which is vaporized into a high temperature gas while flowing in the above-described solar storage tank 13 flows into the desalination system (31). (Of course, seawater c 'used as condensate in the condenser 33 is returned to the sea.)

In other words, the phase change medium (b) from the solar storage tank 13 to the high temperature gas flows into the evaporator 32 in the desalination device 31 to evaporate the sea water c in the evaporator 32, and the vaporized water vapor. After the condensation in the condenser 33 flows to the fresh water storage tank 38 is stored.

In addition, a freshwater flow pump 37 is provided between the desalination system 31 and the freshwater storage tank 38 for flowing the freshwater d produced by the desalination system 31 to the freshwater storage tank 38. In addition, the desalination apparatus 31 discharges the seawater c 'used as cooling water in the condenser 33 in the desalination apparatus 31 and the water vapor cooled by cooling in the evaporator 32 to the outside. , An ejector pump 40 for vacuuming the inside of the desalination apparatus 31 is provided.

In addition, a phase change medium flow pump 14 for circulating the phase change medium b should be provided between the desalination device 31 and the solar storage tank 13.

(The evaporator 32 and the condenser 33 installed in the desalination apparatus 31 are already well known technologies, and the connection relationship between the evaporator 32 and the condenser 33 is also a known technique and at the same time fresh water (d Under the assumption that it is used for the purpose of), the configuration may be variously applied according to the user's embodiment.)

The photovoltaic unit 20 supplies electric energy for driving a plurality of pumps described above, that is, a heat collecting pump 12, a phase change medium flow pump 14, and an ejector pump 40 to be described later. Naturally, the freshwater flow pump 37 may also be driven according to the embodiment of the user.

The photovoltaic unit 20 supplies a photovoltaic array (PV array) 21 for collecting sunlight and the photovoltaic collected through the photovoltaic module 21 to the driving power of the plurality of pumps. It consists of a control unit 22.

In addition, the control unit 22 converts the electrical energy (DC (direct current) power) collected through the solar module 21, that is, solar light into AC (AC) power, and the heat collecting pump 12 in the system. To be used as a driving power source for the phase change medium flow pump 14 and the ejector pump 40.

The ejector pump 40 discharges the seawater c 'used as cooling water in the condenser 33 in the desalination apparatus 31 and the water vapor cooled by cooling in the evaporator 32 to the outside, and the It serves to make the inside of the desalination apparatus 31 in a vacuum state so that the evaporation of sea water in the evaporator 32 is promoted, and desalination of the seawater supply tank 35 which supplies the seawater c into the desalination apparatus 31. It is installed in the sea water supply line 34 to interconnect with the device (31).

Since the ejector pump 40 consumes a lot more power than the above-mentioned heat collecting pump 12 and the phase change medium flow pump 14, only the electrical energy produced by the solar power generation unit 20 of the present invention is used. There is a case that cannot be covered.

To this end, the present invention is to install a hydrophobic generator 50 to be described later, which will be described below.

The hydrophobic power generator 50 is installed in a place where seawater c 'used for condensing seawater c evaporated in the desalination device 31 is discharged, that is, in the condensate discharge line 36. Naturally, the condensate discharge line 36 should be connected to the sea water supply line 34.

That is, the electric energy is produced in the hydropower generator 50 by the flow of the used seawater (c ') discharged through the condensate discharge line 36, the electrical energy produced in the hydrophobic power generator 50 is the ejector It is to be used as a driving power source of the pump 40 (in other words, to produce electrical energy through the unused sea water (c ').)

(In the present invention, 60 to 80% of the total 100% of the electric energy used to drive the ejector pump 40 can be supplied through the hydrophobic power generator 50. Of course, the remaining 20 Of course, 30% of the electrical energy is obtained through the solar power generation unit 20.)

Of course, according to the capacity of the condensate (sea water) used and discharged in the desalination unit 31 and the desalination unit 31, the capacity of the electric energy produced through the hydrophobic power generator 50 will be different, which is the user and implementation It will be adjustable by the ruler.

In addition, if the hydrophobic generator 50 described above is a device capable of producing electrical energy through seawater (c ') flowing through the condensate discharge line 36 to be discharged, such as hydrophobic aberration, various devices by the practitioner Of course, it can be used as a substitute for.

In addition, the hydrophobic power generator 50 has a synchronous use with the fresh water unit 30 for desalination of seawater through the solar heat collector 10 and the photovoltaic power generator 20.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated by the limited embodiment and drawing, this invention is not limited by this, The person of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, Various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an embodiment showing a seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydrophobic power generation according to the present invention.

<Indication of symbols for main parts of drawing>

10: solar collector 11: solar collector

12: Collecting pump 13: Solar storage tank

14: phase change medium flow pump 20: solar power generation unit

21: solar module 22: control unit

30: desalination unit 31: desalination apparatus

32: evaporator 33: condenser

34: seawater supply line 35: seawater supply tank

36: condensate discharge line 37: fresh water flow pump

38: freshwater storage tank 40: ejector pump

50: hydropower generator

Claims (7)

In order to make the fresh water (d) by making the phase change medium (b) of the hot gas phase into the liquid state and evaporating the internal sea water (c) using the latent heat during the phase change, the sea water (c) is phase changed. Sea water provided with an evaporator 32 for heating the latent heat of the medium (b) and a condenser 33 for condensing water vapor generated in the evaporator 32 to produce fresh water d. In the desalination system, A solar heat collector 10 for heating the seawater c in the desalination device 31; A solar power generation unit 20 for collecting solar energy to drive a plurality of pumps driven in the solar heat collecting system; A desalination unit (30) provided with the desalination unit (31) for desalination of sea water (c); An ejector pump 40 for vacuuming the inside of the desalination device 31; A hydrophobic power generator (50) for producing electrical energy for driving the ejector pump (40); Seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydropower generation, characterized in that comprises a. The method of claim 1, The solar collector 10 is A solar collector 11 for collecting solar heat; A solar storage tank 13 for storing the solar heat and allowing the phase change medium b to evaporate with a high temperature gas while flowing therein; A heat collecting pump 12 installed between the solar heat collector 11 and the solar storage tank 13 to flow the heat transfer medium a; A phase change medium flow pump 14 installed between the solar collector 11 and the desalination device 31 to flow the phase change medium b; Seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydropower generation, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1, The fresh water unit 30 A desalination device in which the vaporized phase change medium (b) is phase-changed through the thermal energy of the solar storage tank 13 and desalted by evaporating the seawater (c) therein, and the used seawater (c ') is returned to the sea ( 31); A seawater supply tank 35 for supplying seawater c into the desalination device 31; Freshwater storage tank 38 for storing the fresh water (d) made from the desalination device (31); Seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydropower generation, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1, The solar power generation unit 20 A solar module (21) for collecting the sunlight; By converting the DC power generated by the solar module 21 to AC power, the collection pump 12 and the phase change medium flow pump 14 driven by the ejector pump 40 and the solar heat collector 10 A control unit 22 to be used as a driving power source; Seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydropower generation, characterized in that consisting of. The method of claim 1, The hydropower generator 50 is It is installed in the condensate discharge line 36 for discharging the sea water (c ') used as cooling water in the condenser 33 in the desalination unit 31 to the sea, the electrical energy is produced by the flow of the sea water (c') Seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydrophobic power generation, characterized in that. The method of claim 5, The hydropower generator 50 is Seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydropower generation, characterized in that the capacity of the produced electrical energy is determined according to the capacity of the desalination device (31) or the cooling water capacity used in the desalination device (31). The method according to claim 1 or 5, The hydropower generator 50 is Seawater desalination system using solar energy and hydrophobic power, characterized in that 60 to 80% of the total electrical energy used by the ejector pump 40.

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