KR20110011109A - The inspection machine of bearing sleeve for motor and inspecting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An automatic inspecting device for a bearing sleeve vision outer tube of a vehicle and an inspecting method are provided to automatically decide and classify fault by using a camera, a light, and a classifying system. CONSTITUTION: An automatic inspecting device for a bearing sleeve vision outer tube of a vehicle comprises an inspection alignment part(1), a pinhole and scratch inspection part(2), a system control part(4), and a computer set(5). The inspection alignment part inspects the vision of a product after the work press. The inspection alignment part comprises a camera and a camera housing inspecting the backside surface of a sleeve. The computer set comprises a conveyor of an inspection domain.

Description

Automated Inspection System for Automotive Bearing Sleeve Vision and its Inspection Method {The Inspection machine of Bearing Sleeve for Motor and inspecting method}

The precision and quality improvement of production parts produced in the automobile field have a great impact on the automobile and the entire industry. Therefore, the importance of the quality of these components necessary for the manufacture and production of the automotive industry is increasing day by day. An object of the present invention is to accurately determine the defect of the sleeve of the bearing mounted on the four wheel axle of the automobile parts to ensure smooth operation of the four-wheeled wheel of the vehicle while driving. In 2007, a ton truck was rolled over at the Cheonan branch of Gyeongbu Expressway and overturned. However, an automobile company of less than three years, a maker of H company (usually this type of accident should not occur in 10 years), has an unexpected overturn accident. As a result, the bearing was melted and sticked to the shaft. As a result of research, national research institutes used a product with scratches or scratches on the bearing sleeve. As a result, the bearing continuously rubs against the bad point. Occurrence and sudden high heat between the bearing and the wheel axle resulted in a rollover accident during high speed driving. Therefore, the present invention is an automatic inspection device that accurately and quickly inspects and discriminates and classifies bearing defects of a powered bearing supporting four wheel axles that can control human life. Whether the human is visually inspected or whether it is through a microscope is examined using a robotic system, or automatic inspection equipment. In addition, the production line automation is built so that more accurate and faster inspections can contribute significantly to productivity. The technical field is a combination of robot technology, automation technology, image processing technology, and optical technology.

[Document 1] D.A. Belsley, E. kuh, and R.E. Welsch, Regression Diagnosticx, John

Wiley & Sons, 1980

[2] Helett-Packard Development company, "understanding pixel defects in

        TFT-LCD flat panel monitors, "Hewlett-Packard. 2004

[Image 3] Image processing, Craig A.Lindly

[Document 4] FARA MVE-02 Hardware

[5] Laser Focus World, A PennWell Publication

[6] The design world of motor's parts

[7] Rfael. C conzalez and Richard E. Woods, Digital Image

        Processingrentic Hall 2001.

[8] Simon Haykim, Adaptive Filter Wedge Bridge Prence Hall 2002.

9 Tannas. L> E.Jr, "Evolution of flat-panel display," proceedings of

 the IEEE, vol82, no.4, pp 499-509, Apr. 1994

The object to be inspected is the bearing sleeve. The size of the test object is 25um / pixel resolution, the test object is press work, the size is 60 ~ 90mm, the defect size is more than 25um, FOV: (51mm x 38mm) x Camera 3 SET (Back Side inspection), 51mm x 38mm x camera 3 SET (for front side inspection).

The overall configuration of the equipment consisted of the Back Side Inspection System which inspects the grooved back with the circular shape of the Sleeve and the Front Side Inspection System which inspects the ungrooved front surface.

Each inspection has its own buffer that automatically loads when there is a defect, and it is made of equipment that automatically sets the sleeve between the back side inspection system located at the top and the front side inspection system located at the bottom. The overall flow is as follows. First of all, after press work, the sleeve product enters the conveyor line for vision inspection. Then, after checking the backside, the sleeve is pushed out of the ejector and pushed into the defective back buffer. In the case of a good product, after the sleeve continues straight on the conveyor, it reaches a mechanism to turn over to the front surface to inspect the front surface. The inverting device is located at the intermediate point of passing the upper inspection system (Back inspection machine) and reaches the lower inspection system (Front inspection machine), and it slides on the lower inspection machine line after the inspection at the upper part. The sleeve reached to the lower system is placed in the inverted state to the front surface, and proceeds to reach the front surface inspection part. Then the Align and Front lights and the camera will be checked. At this time, if the test result is determined to be defective, it is pushed to the front surface by the ejector, which is the fractionator of the solenoid. Inspection ability is judged, stamped, scratched, pinhole, projection> 25 μm, inspection condition is tact time: min 0.5 sec / 1pc, lighting is grooved, about 10 ~ 20mm in width, Scratch, Pin hole, Dent, etc. In the case of inspection at 25um, 3D inspection was implemented using 6 sets of LEDs and 3 cameras, and defects were detected. In the process, separate lighting and optical instruments were made and applied to collect light. In the front side inspection, it is designed with LED reflection light (Light Field method) to detect scratches, scratches, scratches, pinholes, and protrusions.

This automatic inspection equipment was invented based on the following standard. First of all, the system was composed as follows for the inspection standard, inspection condition and optimal inspection. Firstly, the size of the test subject to be inspected is 25um / pixel resolution and the test body is press work, the size is 60 ~ 90mm, Defect size is more than 25um, FOV: (51mm x 38mm) x Camera 3 SET (Back Side Inspection) 51mm x 38mm x 3 sets of cameras (front front inspection). In addition, the inspection method is designed to be fully inspected. Second, the inspection system part (optical, lighting, image processing, etc.) is composed as follows. In the vision part, the camera and lens are designed with 1024 pixel x 768 pixel, x1.0MML lens which is optimal for inspecting the sleeve. In addition, the inspection conditions consisted of 0.5 sec / 1pc in the case of tact time so that a person can inspect at a speed more than 5 times compared to the visual inspection. . The equipment standard was designed by the operator considering the optimal space utilization and efficiency in the process.

This automatic inspection equipment is composed of (1) Back Side Scratch Pin hole, dent inspection part (rear) 1 unit (2) Front Side Scratch, Pin hole, dent inspection part (front) 1 unit, (3) System control unit1 unit, (4) Personal Computer 2 sets, (5) Logistic System 1 unit, (6) image processing software 1 unit. Also, the temporary part is composed as follows.

1.Sleeve Back Side Scratch Pin hole, dent inspection part (rear)

(1) Area scan CCD camera, 1K ---------- 3 set

(2) magnification lens ----------------- 3 set

(3) light ----------------------------- 6 unit

(4) frame grabber board --------------- 1 set

(5) fixtures for camera and light -------- 1 unit

2.Sleeve Front Side Scratch, Pin hole, Dent etc Inspection part (Front)

* (1) Area scan CCD camera, 1K ---------- 3 set

(2) magnification lens ----------------- 3 set

(3) light ----------------------------- 6 unit

(4) frame grabber board -------------- 1 set

(5) fixtures for camera and light -------- 1 unit

3. System control unit

(1) MCU Part

(2) Control from PC with RS-232C serial communication

(3) Camera Trigger Signal Generation

(4) Deliver Image to PC

(5) Integrate vision system, logistic system, sensor, etc. in PC

    Control

4. Personal Computer

(1) PC for Sleeve Back Side Scratch Pin hole, dent Inspection Part

     ----------- 1 set, master PC

(2) Sleeve Front Side Scratch, Pin hole -------- 1 set

5. Logistic System

(1) frame -------------------------- 1 unit

(2) aligning unit --------------------- 1 unit

(3) Pin hole, foreign material, scratch (rear) detection conveyor --- 1 unit

(4) Pin hole, foreign material, scratch (front) detection conveyor ---- 1 unit

(5) back failure product separation device ------------- 1

(6) front failure product separation device ------------ 1

(8) sensors ------------------------- 2 unit

6. Image processing software

(1) image processing algorithm (Back Side)----- 1 unit

(2) image processing algorithm (Front Side)-1 unit

(3) GUI ----------------- 1 unit

Inspection equipment is divided into (1) Vision inspection alignment unit after press work 1 unit, (2) Pin hole, Scratch inspection unit (Back Side) 1 unit (3) Pin hole Scratch inspection unit (Front Side) 1 unit, (4) System control unit1 unit, (5) Personal Computer2 sets, (6) Logistic System 1 unit, (7) Image processing software1 unit are composed of seven steps. And designed to be optimized for production sites.

It is designed to maximize the product quality through accurate and reliable test results. The system consists of machine vision system, inspection method, inspection algorithm and system to classify defects. The hardware system is largely composed of four modules: an instrument unit, an optical unit, a control panel, and inspection software. The mechanism part consists of a transport mechanism for smoothly transporting the vehicle seat belt tongue and an accurate inspection system, an optical mechanism for an optimal inspection environment, and a housing for lighting control, and the optical part includes a camera and a lens for obtaining an image of the part. , Consists of special lighting and optical filters. The control panel is a PLC and other electrical and electronic systems that provide outputs to the motion controller, proximity sensor, lighting controller, host computer and peripheral equipment for driving inspection programs, and reports on defective parts. consist of. Inspection items are Scratch, Pin hole, dent and foreign material. The inspection software runs on the Windows XP OS of the main computer, and plays a key role in controlling peripheral devices, performing inspections, and storing images of inspection items and parameters as well as. Each process is configured to be optimized for the production site through the minimum of automatic control.

This inspection equipment is for the purpose of inspecting defects such as Sctatch, Pin Hole, Dent, etc. on both sides of the bearing sleeve for automobiles. The present invention is a device that automatically judges and classifies defects using camera, lighting, S / W, apparatus, and classification system for the first time, which was conventionally performed by visual inspection. As a result, each person has different criteria to determine whether there is a defect, and in the case of inspection of the back of the sleeve, the grooves have a groove width of about 10 ~ 20mm with 25um of scratch, pin hole, and dent. It is a system designed to improve the inspection speed by 5 times and the productivity by 5 times with 10 times the accuracy, which is often almost impossible to measure.

-. The inspection equipment consists of seven stages: (1) Press work, and then the product is equipped with Vision inspection alignment unit 1 unit, (2) Pin hole, Scratch inspection unit (Back Side) 1 unit (3) Pin hole Scratch inspection unit (Front Side) 1 unit, (4) System control unit1, (5) Personal Computer2 sets, (6) Logistic System 1 unit, (7) image processing software1 unit. Each process is processed and produced to require minimal process control through automatic control. Designed to be optimized for the field. It is also designed to maximize the quality of products through accurate and reliable inspection results.

No. 2 in FIG. 1 is a portion of the sleeve aligned to inspect the back side portion. The guides are designed on both sides of the belt to adjust the width so that the sleeves can pass through the conveyor smoothly on both sides of the conveyor belt for proper alignment. No.3 is the area where the sleeve which enters the inspection zone can capture the image by illumination. It is the area where the camera can be scanned while the illumination is turned on by the sensor. No.1 is a camera and camera housing that inspects the sleeve back side. No. 5 is a conveyor in the inspection part area. No.4 is the sleeve area after the back side part inspection. No. 7 in FIG. 2 is an alignment part for inspecting a sleeve front side (front) part. The guides are designed on both sides of the belt to adjust the width so that the sleeves can pass through the conveyor smoothly on both sides of the conveyor belt for proper alignment. No.11 is the place where the solenoid pushes the sleeves out and sorts them when the result of the sleeve back side inspection is bad. Next, the sleeve that enters the inspection zone can capture the image by lighting. The lighting is turned on by the sensor and stand-by so that the camera can scan. No.1 is a camera to inspect the scratch, pin-hole, etc on the top of sleeve. No. 2 is a conveyor in the inspection part area. No.3 is the sleeve out let part and the sleeve area after the inspection of foreign material on the upper surface of the sleeve. No. 1 in FIG. 3 is an LED light manufactured for the bottom inspection. No. 2 is a light and optical apparatus for condensing light, Nos. 3 and 4 are levers for adjusting the light position, and No. 5 is a camera for inspecting the back side lower surface part. Nos. 7 and 8 are lighting power lines and control wires, and No. 9 is a camera jig (holder). No.10 is the camera signal connecter, and No.11 is the camera power and signal wire. No. 1 in FIG. 4 is a conveyor part for inspecting a back side part, and No. 2 is a guide for aligning a sleeve. No. is a sensor that checks the signal that the sleeve starts to inspect and triggers the signal to the camera.No.5 is a solenoid that ejects the sleeve to the defective loading place when it turns out to be defective after the inspection. No. 6 in Fig. 5 is a portion of the sleeve aligned to inspect the upper surface (upper surface). The guides are designed on both sides of the belt to adjust the width so that the sleeves can pass through the conveyor smoothly on both sides of the conveyor belt for proper alignment. No.3 transfers the sleeve to the stepping motor, No.7 ejects the sleeve judged as defective, No.8 is the jig supporting the solenoid, and No.2 is the plate part ejecting the defective sleeve. No.4 is a mechanism for condensing light, and No.5 is an image processing and control PC for controlling and processing the entire equipment. No7 and a sleeve conveyance belt of [Fig. 6]. Stepping motor to operate the motor, No. 3 is Mortor holder, No. 1 is the roller driving the belt, No. 4 is the motor pleats, No. 6 is the timing belt that transmits power to the drive shaft. do. No. 8 is the drive shaft flip. Nos. 1 and 3 in FIG. 7 are parts to be aligned to inspect the sleeve. The guides are designed on both sides of the belt to adjust the width so that the sleeves on both sides of the conveyor belt can pass through the conveyor smoothly for better alignment. No.2 is the sleeve on the front side.No.5 is the solenoid, no.6 is the solenoid signal cable.Nos. 7 and 8 are the entire bottom plate for the upper part of the sleeve. No. 7 of FIG. 8 is a conveyor portion of the out let portion, which is the final process of the present inspection equipment for loading a good product into the sleeve on the conveyor after the upper inspection. Nos. 4 and 5 are the out let mechanisms that are designed for good quality loading. No.2 is a coaxial bearing for smoothly conveying the conveyor to the out let part, and No.6 is a bearing support fixture. No.1 is the entire main plate for inspecting the sleeve front side.

No. 1 in FIG. 9 is a sleeve placed in a loading system configured to load goods in a future. No. 2 is designed with a roller to move the loading system, and No. 3 counts 200 pieces at an inspection equipment. It will automatically move to the next stage by the sensor.

No.4 is a fixed place. When the upper loader is counted 200 pieces, it moves to the fixed area by the servo motor moving one step to the right axis. No. 5 supports the sleeve loading machine, and No. 6 plays the role of loading 100 pieces of sleeves. Equipment configuration of the present invention equipment supply part, alignment part, back side inspection part (back side), front side inspection part (front side), positive part determination, positive part separation part, external case SS400 + powder coating, roller driving STEP MOTOR and control unit, Material feed rate 60PPM (± 10), cover made of frame aluminum profile. The present invention automotive bearing sleeve automatic inspection equipment is a system for sorting defective products according to the presence or absence of the upper and lower sides of the sleeve, scratches, pinholes, studies, pin hpoles, etc. It is about the construction, inspection methods and specifications of machine vision systems to isolate rejects. The system was developed with optics, a control panel and four modules and instrumentation. The optical parts were developed with cameras and lenses, special lighting and optical filters. The control part was developed as a PLC and other electrical and electronic systems that provide output to the host computer and peripheral equipment for driving motion controllers, proximity sensors, lighting controllers, inspection programs and reports on defective components. The parameter setting function is composed as follows. 1) Model setting:-Sleeve size (width × length), unit mm,-Scratch, Pin Hole Size, unit um-Inspection area setting

 2) Detection level selection function (item selection function, below 3 steps):

  -Scratch, pin hole, etc size of back side and front side of the sleeve to be detected can be selected (eg, high precision, precision, normal). 3) Scratch, Pin Hole, etc. position of Sleeve Back Side and Front Side to be detected and image enlargement output before processing:-Save the type and number of positions in the order of detection, and display them on the result table and screen (separated by color). . -When the user confirms with the track ball, the display-Image window size and position is set in the designated window before processing.

Sleeve packaging and stacking device: [FIG. 9] and [FIG. 10] below

1. In the past, as the worker checked and sorted the number, the fatigue caused by time and simple labor was severe. In addition, the front and rear direction of the sleeve is important, and if it is wrong, it will not be possible to work at the top supplier and will be inferior in reliability.

The designed loader is a device that can save time and labor cost compared to the existing work, can be divided by defining the number of the specified number and can prevent the front and rear direction change of the sleeve in advance, the operator can reduce the fatigue and time have.

[FIG. 9] and [FIG. 10] below block the operation principle of the loader as follows.

One). When sensor sends signal to MCU, it passes from MCU to driver to motor.

    Transfer method.

2). Check the quantity using the sensor, and after loading by setting value, rotate

    Counter again.

3). It prevents the sleeve from falling down by using the wire in the hole of A part.

    Rapid packaging at work.

1 is a front view of a sleeve.

2 is a side view of the sleeve.

3 is a drawing of the inspection part Scratch, Pin hole, etc. of the sleeve (back side)

Figure 4 is a front view of the Scratch, Pin hol inspection of the sleeve.

5 is a failure processing system.

6 is an oil treatment system.

7 is a plan view and an alignment of the sleeve inspection unit.

8 is an out let part.

9 is a loader.

10 is a quantitative loading system.

11 is a sleeve front view.

12 is a rear view of the sleeve.

Claims (15)

1, Sleeve Inlet and Sleeve Inspection Part (Optical, Lighting, Mechanism) Design and Principle 2, design and principle of the inspection part (optical, lighting, mechanism) such as sleeve [Figure 3] Schematic backside Scratch, Pin hole inspection part (optical, lighting, instrument) drawing (rear) design and principle [Figure 3] Sleeve back side Scratch, Pin hole inspection part Aliment drawing (back side) Design and principle Inspection algorithm [FIG. 5] Bad classification system [Figure 6] Oil removal system System control unit   GUI configuration Logistic System Automotive Bearing Sleeve Vision Automatic Inspection Equipment and Inspection Method  [Figure 7] Sleeve Alignment  8] Out-Let part  FIG. 9: Sleeve loading part design drawing 10] Working principle design drawing of good sleeve loading part

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