KR20100138006A - The circuit braker built in module for managing fail of the neutral phase - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A neutral-line open-phase managing module mounted circuit breaker is provided to prevent the occurrence of fire due to leakage current and loss due to over-voltages by continuously supplying power for driving the trip coil of the circuit breaker. CONSTITUTION: An SCR1(210) is turned on or turned off according to the supply state of single phase power. A SCR2(220) conducts the single phase power to the ground. A trip coil(230) is driven to open the contact point of a circuit breaker. A SCR3(270) conducts the single phase power to a neutral line and turns off the SCR1. The application of a voltage from an RC delay circuit(240) to the gate terminal of the SCR2 is delayed due to electric potential generated in a resistance(R4).

Description

Circuit breaker built in module for managing fail of the neutral phase

The present invention is a single-phase two-wire branch line (R phase-N phase, S phase-N) for supplying power by connecting a phase line ((R, S, T phase) and a neutral wire in a three-phase four-wire power system that is a bus line. Phase, T phase-N phase) relates to a single-phase two-wire circuit breaker that cuts off the single-phase power supplied to the load side by driving the trip coil in the case of the neutral phase.

More specifically, even if the neutral wire is missing in the single-phase two-wire branch line, power for driving the trip coil of the circuit breaker is supplied so that the circuit breaker can operate normally. The present invention relates to a single-phase two-wire circuit breaker for preventing the loss of property due to fire and overvoltage inflow.

In the case of using the neutral phase breaker protection circuit breaker in the distribution panel, the single phase 3-wire and 3-phase 4-wire neutral phase breaker protection circuit breakers generally use the control power supplied to the control circuit rather than the phase (R, S, T phase) -neutral wire (N). It is connected to an upper line (R, S, T phase) and a upper line ((R, S, T phase) to drive a control circuit.

FIG. 1 shows a single-phase three-wire system, and FIG. 2 shows a three-phase four-wire TN-S grounding method. Supply control power).

In the case of the single phase three wire type shown in FIG. 1 and the three phase four wire type shown in FIG. Does not occur.

3A and 3B illustrate a state in which a general circuit breaker and an earth leakage breaker are connected to a line in a state in which power is normally supplied in a single-phase two-wire power supply system.

FIG. 3A illustrates a case in which a short circuit occurs in a line as shown in FIG. 3B when a single-phase two-wire branch circuit is configured using a merchant line H and a neutral line N in a three-phase four-wire line. In this case, the internal circuit of the ground fault circuit breaker operates to open the contact point of the ground fault circuit breaker connected to the power line to cut off the power.

In this way, in the state where the closed loop is formed by the upper wire H and the neutral wire N lines, a control power source for driving the control circuit inside the earth leakage breaker is supplied.

4A and 4B illustrate states of a general circuit breaker and an earth leakage breaker that are generated when a neutral wire is formed in a single-phase two-wire power supply system.

As shown in Figure 4b, if the neutral wire is formed, the merchant line (H) and the neutral line (N) line can not form a closed loop, so of course the power supply to the load itself is cut off, likewise tripping device of the earth leakage breaker The supply of control power to the internal control circuit for driving the motor is also cut off.

Therefore, the contact point of the earth leakage breaker connected to the power source is always kept in the closed state as it is when the control power is not supplied.

In this structure, that is, when neutral wire is missing in single-phase two-wire circuit, the voltage of phase H is applied to the load equipment as it is through the closed contact of the circuit breaker, and it is used between phase H and earth G. The voltage will remain on.

Therefore, the supply of control power to the earth leakage breaker is interrupted due to the formation of a neutral wire, and the human body is electrocuted through a load device connected to the earth leakage breaker, or a large current leaks to the earth while the earth leakage breaker loses its protection function against the earth leakage. In this case, there is a problem that causes great damage due to human injury or fire.

In other words, because the voltage is applied to the terminal load on the H phase line, if the human body is in contact with the conductive part of the load device, the human body itself becomes a grounding function, and electricity flows through the human body to cause an electric shock. You will always be exposed to possible problems.

That is, when the neutral wire is missing, control power for driving the control circuit inside the earth leakage breaker must be supplied to operate the trip device for opening the contact of the earth leakage breaker connected to the power source. If the control power itself is not supplied to the earth leakage breaker will bring a problem that the voltage is applied to the terminal load from the merchant line (H).

5A and 5B show voltage states of a load generated when a neutral wire is missing in a single-phase two-wire power supply system.

It shows another problem that neutral wire is formed in single-phase 2-wire line. In case that neutral wire is formed in phase (H) line and neutral line in single-phase line, the inter-phase voltage is applied to the load when the breaker is not tripped. The load may be burned out.

As shown in FIG. 5A, in a load device in which a rated voltage of 220 V is to be applied, as shown in FIG. 5B, a voltage between phase lines is applied to the load line when the breaker is not tripped when the neutral wire is formed. As a result, overvoltage is applied to the load, thereby causing a problem of damage to the load device.

Therefore, in the case of the single-phase two-wire type, the role of the neutral wire is remarkably different from that of the single-phase three-wire or three-phase four-wire neutral wire, so that no control power is supplied to the circuit breaker at the time of neutral phase disconnection. Even if the neutral wire is formed, the approach is completely different from the single-phase three-wire or three-phase four-wire circuit method in which the control power is supplied to the circuit breaker. In the case of forming a single-phase two-wire branch circuit, when the neutral wire of the three-phase four-wire bus circuit is missing, the load voltage is damaged due to overvoltage applied to a plurality of branch circuits according to the distribution of impedances of the load devices and the single phase described above. There is no circuit breaker manufactured to have a solution to the above problems caused when the neutral wire is formed in the 2-wire system.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention prevents damage caused by overvoltage applied to a plurality of branch circuits when a neutral line of a three-phase four-wire bus circuit is formed in a circuit breaker using a single-phase two-wire branch circuit. To do this, even if the neutral wire is disconnected, single-phase 2-wire circuit is equipped with a neutral wire phase loss management module configured to open the contact point of the breaker by driving the trip device through the control circuit when the neutral wire is disconnected so that power is continuously supplied to the breaker. The purpose is to present a breaker.

In addition, if the neutral phase is maintained not the instantaneous phase loss, that is, the single phase two-wire circuit breaker equipped with the neutral phase phase loss management module is connected to the ground and the ground only when the neutral phase is lost. It aims to do it.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a single-phase two-wire circuit breaker for cutting off the single-phase power supplied to the load in the merchant line and the neutral line line, the photocoupler is turned on / off in accordance with the supply state of the single-phase power; An SCR through which a single phase power of the phase line is energized to ground while a neutral voltage is formed and a gate voltage is applied to a gate terminal while the port coupler is turned off; It provides a circuit breaker equipped with a neutral phase image forming management module further comprises a neutral wire phase management module including a; trip coil coil is applied to the voltage by the single-phase power supplied while the SCR is turned on.

The photocoupler is composed of a diode mounted on the phase line and the neutral line and a transistor in which the diode is turned on so that a base voltage is applied at the time of emitting light, and the transistor is turned on so that a trigger current is applied to the transistor by its trigger resistance. The SCR may be configured not to be energized by lowering the potential of the collector terminal of the transistor while being energized by a neutral wire, thereby lowering the voltage level applied from the collector terminal to the gate terminal of the SCR.

In order to prevent malfunction due to the transistor's isolation voltage, a cathode for forming a forced potential may be mounted on the cathode terminal of the SCR.

The transistor is turned off when the diode is turned off while the neutral wire is formed, and the SCR is energized while a voltage is applied from the collector terminal to the gate terminal of the SCR by a potential formed at the collector terminal of the transistor. have.

And a RC delay circuit for preventing malfunction of the SCR by delaying application of voltage from the collector terminal to the gate terminal of the SCR by the potential formed at the collector terminal of the transistor by the self trigger resistor.

In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the single-phase two-wire circuit breaker to cut off the single-phase power supplied to the load in the merchant line and neutral line, SCR1 is turned on / off in accordance with the supply state of the single-phase power ; An SCR2 configured to conduct a single phase power supply of the phase line to ground while a neutral voltage is formed and a gate voltage is applied to a gate terminal while the SCR1 is turned off; It proposes a circuit breaker equipped with a neutral phase image forming management module further comprises a neutral phase image forming management module including a trip coil is applied to the voltage by the single-phase power supply is energized while the SCR2 is turned on.

The SCR1 is configured to turn on when a gate voltage is applied when a voltage is applied to the resistors mounted on the merchant line and the neutral line, and is turned on by the resistor R4 mounted between the merchant line and the anode terminal of the SCR1 while the SCR1 is turned on. The single phase current may be energized to the neutral line through the SCR1, and the gate voltage level applied to the SCR2 connected to the resistor R4 and the gate terminal may be lowered to prevent the SCR2 from energizing.

When the neutral wire is formed, the SCR1 may be turned off, and the SCR2 may be energized while a voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the SCR2 by a potential formed in the resistor R4.

It may include a RC delay circuit for preventing the malfunction of the SCR2 by delaying the voltage applied to the gate terminal of the SCR2 by the potential formed in the resistor (R4).

The present invention can achieve the following effects by the single-phase two-wire circuit breaker equipped with the neutral wire phase image management module.

First, through the neutral wire correlation module installed in the circuit breaker used in the single-phase two-wire branch circuit, it continuously supplies power to drive the trip coil of the circuit breaker even in the case of neutral wire breakdown. In order to prevent the loss due to overvoltage in advance, it has the effect of opening the contact point of the breaker.

Secondly, the cathode terminal of the SCR according to the present invention is equipped with a diode for forming a forced potential to prevent the malfunction of the circuit breaker due to the voltage of the transistor of the transistor, while preventing the damage of the trip coil.

Third, in order to distinguish between instantaneous and continuous neutral phase loss during neutral phase loss, the neutral wire continues to energize the thyristor that energizes the phase wire and ground to drive the trip coil only when continuous phase loss of the neutral wire occurs through the RC delay circuit. As a result, the contact of the circuit breaker can be interrupted only when the open phase is maintained.

Fourth, even if overvoltage occurs in the process of neutral phase detection, the overvoltage is detected through the zener diode to drive the trip coil to open the breaker's contacts to prevent human shock and loss due to overvoltage in advance. It will have a preventable effect.

Hereinafter, a circuit breaker equipped with a neutral wire imaging management module according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a neutral phase imaging management module mounted on a circuit breaker according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, a branch for disconnecting single phase power supplied to a load from a commercial line and a neutral line is shown. In the neutral wire imaging management module 100 included in the circuit breaker of the photocoupler 110, which is turned on / off in accordance with the supply state of the single-phase power, the neutral wire is formed when the photocoupler 110 is turned off SCR (120 thyristor) which is turned on as the potential of the gate voltage changes to energize the single phase current from the phase line to ground (FG), and when the SCR is turned on to energize the single phase current, a voltage is applied to open the contact of the circuit breaker. It comprises a trip coil 130 to drive to make.

7A and 7B are operational state diagrams showing the principle of operation of the neutral wire imaging management module according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The operation of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 7A illustrates a state in which single-phase power is normally supplied to a load in a phase line and a neutral line, and as shown, a voltage is applied to the diode 110a of the photocoupler 110 configured in the neutral line phase management module 100. It will emit light.

As the diode 110a emits light, the transistor is triggered (turned on) while a base voltage serving as a bias voltage is applied to the transistor 110b.

At this time, the trigger current is energized through the transistor by the self-trigger resistor 140 formed in the collector terminal A of the transistor 110b to lower the potential of the collector terminal A of the transistor.

As a result, the voltage level applied from the collector terminal A to the gate terminal of the SCR 120 is lowered so that the SCR 120 is not turned on so that the single-phase current is not energized.

However, in general, even when the transistor 110b is energized, its own voltage (0.7V to 1V) is present on the collector terminal A of the transistor 110b due to the characteristics of the device. 1V) causes a malfunction in which the gate voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the SCR 120, and the SCR 120 is turned on to drive the trip coil as well as the trip coil 130 to which the voltage is applied due to the malfunction. You will get burned.

Therefore, in the present invention, in order to prevent the malfunction due to the isolation voltage of the transistor 110b, the cathode 150 of the SCR 120 is further equipped with a diode 150 for forming a forced potential.

The diode 150 may form a forced potential of about 0.7 V. Since the potential difference between the gate terminal and the anode terminal is 0.7 V or more due to the characteristics of the SCR device, the diode 150 is actually turned on. Even if a malfunction is applied to the SCR 120 as a gate voltage, the SCR 120 is not turned on by the diode 150 in which the forced potential is formed.

FIG. 7B illustrates an operation state of the neutral wire imaging management module 100 in a state in which a neutral wire is formed. As the neutral wire is formed, the diode 110a of the photocoupler 110 does not emit light when turned off because no voltage is applied. The transistor 110b is also turned off.

At this time, the voltage is applied from the collector terminal A to the gate terminal of the SCR 120 by the potential formed at the collector terminal A by the trigger resistance 140 of the transistor. The single phase power supply of the merchant ship is energized to ground (FG).

As the SCR 120 is turned on, a voltage is applied to the trip coil 130 by a single-phase power source that is energized to cut off the power supplied to the load while opening the contact of the circuit breaker while the trip coil 130 is driven.

In addition, the present invention further includes an RC delay circuit 160 so that a voltage is applied from the collector terminal to the gate terminal of the SCR 120 by a potential formed at the collector terminal A of the transistor.

In general, even if the neutral wire is formed, there may be a case of instantaneous imaging. In order to prevent a malfunction in which the trip coil 130 is driven while a gate voltage is applied to the SCR 120, the RC delay circuit 160 may be instantaneous. In the process of delaying the application of the gate voltage to restore the instantaneous neutral neutral wire, the gate voltage is not applied to the SCR 120 to prevent malfunction of the SCR 120 and burnout of the trip coil 130. It becomes possible.

In addition, the size of the resistors 180 and RT shown in the neutral phase imaging management module 100 of the present invention is set within 7 mA to prevent the upper circuit breaker having a high sensitivity of 15 mA from being tripped when the branch breaker is tripped. It is preferable.

In general, a high breaker for home use has a breaking capacity of 30 mA, and a high sensitivity breaker not for home use has a breaking capacity of 15 mA.

However, in the case of high-sensitivity high-level circuit breakers, tripping occurs when the current is detected as 10 to 13 mA. Therefore, if the branch circuit breaker trips by setting the resistors 180 and RT of the branch circuit breaker to within 7 mA, the upper circuit breaker is prevented from tripping together. It is desirable to.

In addition, the neutral phase imaging management module 100 of the present invention may be further equipped with a diode 190 to protect the breakdown voltage, and may be configured to prevent damage to the circuit generated during the insulation resistance test process of the branch circuit breaker.

8 is a diagram illustrating a neutral wire imaging management module mounted on a circuit breaker according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8, a branch for disconnecting single phase power supplied to a load from a commercial wire and a neutral wire is illustrated. The neutral wire imaging management module 200 included in the circuit breaker of SCR1 210 is turned on / off according to the supply state of the single-phase power, and the gate terminal is in the state in which the neutral wire is phased off so that the SCR1 210 is turned off. When a low gate voltage is applied and turned on, the SCR2 220 for energizing the single-phase power of the phase line to ground and the SCR2 220 are turned on to energize the single-phase current to open the contacts of the circuit breaker. It comprises a driving trip coil 230.

9A and 9B are operational state diagrams showing the operation principle of the neutral wire imaging management module according to the second embodiment of the present invention during neutral wire imaging. The operation of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

9A illustrates a state in which single-phase power is normally supplied to a load on a merchant line and a neutral line, and as shown, the SCR1 210 configured in the neutral line image formation management module 200 is mounted on the merchant line and the neutral line. When a current flows through the resistors R1, R2, and R3, a gate voltage is applied and turned on.

As the SCR1 210 is turned on, the single-phase current is energized by the resistor R4 mounted between the phase line and the anode terminal of the SCR1 210 to the neutral line through the SCR1 210, and thus the resistor R4 and the gate terminal. The gate voltage level applied to the connected SCR2 220 is lowered so that the SCR2 220 is not energized.

In other words, the gate voltage level for turning on the SCR2 220 is lowered while the voltage level at the point B shown is lowered, so that the SCR2 220 is not energized.

FIG. 9B illustrates an operation state of the neutral line imaging management module 100 in a state in which a neutral line is formed. As the neutral line is formed, a gate voltage is not applied to the SCR1 210 and is turned off.

At this time, the voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the SCR2 by the potential formed in the resistor (R4) while the SCR2 220 energizes the single-phase power of the phase line to the ground (FG).

As the SCR 120 is turned on, a voltage is applied to the trip coil 130 by a single-phase power source that is energized to cut off the power supplied to the load while opening the contact of the circuit breaker while the trip coil 130 is driven.

In addition, the present invention further includes an RC delay circuit 240 so that a voltage is delayed and applied to the gate terminal of the SCR2 220 at the point “B” shown by the potential formed in the resistor R4.

In general, even if the neutral wire is formed, there may be a case of instantaneous imaging. In order to prevent a malfunction in which the trip coil 230 is driven while the gate voltage is applied to the SCR 220, the RC delay circuit 240 In the process of delaying the application of the gate voltage to restore the instantaneous neutral line, the gate voltage is not applied to the SCR2 220 to prevent the malfunction of the SCR2 220 and the damage of the trip coil 230 accordingly. It becomes possible.

FIG. 10 is an operational state diagram showing an operation principle of the neutral line imaging management module according to the second embodiment of the present invention when an overvoltage occurs.

In general, overvoltage may be applied into the circuit breaker at the time of the neutral phase phase appearance.

Therefore, the present invention applies a voltage to the trip coil 130 when an over voltage is generated to drive the trip coil 130 to open the contact of the circuit breaker to prevent the overvoltage for cutting off the power supplied to the load The configuration is further included.

In the illustrated zener diode 250, a voltage for determining an overvoltage is set, and when the voltage of the single-phase power supplied to the circuit breaker exceeds a set voltage, the zener diode 250 is turned on so that the single-phase power is energized. It is composed.

The SCR3 270 is turned on while a gate voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the SCR3 270 in the single-phase power supply through which the zener diode 250 is energized, thereby energizing the single-phase power supply of the merchant line to the neutral line.

At this time, the SCR1 210 is turned off by not applying a gate voltage while energizing the single-phase power of the merchant line through the SCR3 270 to the neutral line.

That is, when an overvoltage is generated, a voltage is applied to the trip coil 230 by the single-phase power source which is energized while the SCR3 250 is turned on to open the contact of the circuit breaker to cut off the power supplied to the load.

In addition, in the present invention, since the voltage of the single-phase power supply does not exceed a set voltage, the SCR3 270 prevents the zener diode 250 from being malfunctioned while the voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the SCR3 270 in a turn-off state. The gate terminal of is configured by further mounting a resistor 260 to function as a pull-up resistor.

In the above detailed description of the present invention, specific embodiments have been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Will be self explanatory.

Fig. 1 shows a single phase three wire type and Fig. 2 shows a three phase four wire type TN-S grounding method.

3A and 3B illustrate a state in which a general circuit breaker and an earth leakage breaker are connected to a line in a state in which power is normally supplied in a single-phase two-wire power supply system.

4A and 4B illustrate states of a general circuit breaker and an earth leakage breaker that are generated when a neutral wire is formed in a single-phase two-wire power supply system.

5A and 5B show voltage states of a load generated when a neutral wire is missing in a single-phase two-wire power supply system.

6 illustrates a neutral line imaging management module mounted to a circuit breaker according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

7A and 7B are operational state diagrams showing the operation principle of the neutral line imaging management module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

8 illustrates a neutral line imaging management module mounted on a circuit breaker according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

9A and 9B are operational state diagrams showing the operation principle of the neutral line imaging management module according to the second embodiment of the present invention during neutral line imaging.

FIG. 10 is an operational state diagram showing an operation principle of the neutral line imaging management module according to the second embodiment of the present invention when an overvoltage occurs.

* Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings *

100: neutral phase imaging management module 110: photo coupler

110a: diode 110b: transistor

120: SCR (Thyristor) 130: Trip coil

140: self trigger resistance 150: diode

160: RC delay circuit

200: neutral phase open management module 210: SCR1

220: SCR2 230: trip coil

240: RC delay circuit 250: Zener diode

260: resistance 270: SCR3

Claims (11)

In the single-phase two-wire circuit breaker to cut off the single-phase power supplied to the load in the merchant and neutral line, A photocoupler turned on / off in accordance with the supply state of the single phase power; An SCR through which a single phase power of the phase line is energized to ground while a neutral voltage is formed and a gate voltage is applied to a gate terminal while the port coupler is turned off; The circuit breaker equipped with a neutral wire image forming management module further comprises a neutral wire image forming management module, including a trip coil to which a voltage is applied by a single-phase power supply being energized while the SCR is turned on. The method of claim 1, The photocoupler is composed of a diode mounted on the phase line and the neutral line and a transistor in which the diode is turned on so that a base voltage is applied when light is emitted. As the transistor is turned on, a trigger current is supplied to the transistor by a neutral trigger, thereby lowering the potential of the collector terminal of the transistor and lowering the voltage level applied from the collector terminal to the gate terminal of the SCR so that the SCR is not energized. A circuit breaker equipped with a neutral phase image forming management module, characterized in that the configuration. 3. The method of claim 2, And a diode for forming a forced potential in the cathode terminal of the SCR, in order to prevent a malfunction due to the voltage of the transistor. 3. The method of claim 2, The transistor is turned off when the diode is turned off while the neutral wire is formed, and the SCR is energized while a voltage is applied from the collector terminal to the gate terminal of the SCR by a potential formed at the collector terminal of the transistor. Circuit breaker with neutral phase open management module. 3. The method of claim 2, And a RC delay circuit for preventing malfunction of the SCR by delaying application of voltage from the collector terminal to the gate terminal of the SCR by a potential formed at the collector terminal of the transistor by the self-trigger resistor. Circuit breaker with phase loss management module. In the single-phase two-wire circuit breaker that cuts off the single-phase power supplied to the load from the merchant and neutral lines, An SCR1 turned on / off in accordance with the supply state of the single phase power; An SCR2 configured to conduct a single phase power supply of the phase line to ground while a neutral voltage is formed and a gate voltage is applied to a gate terminal while the SCR1 is turned off; The circuit breaker with the neutral phase image forming management module further comprises a neutral phase image forming management module including a; trip coil to which the voltage is applied by a single-phase power supply is energized while the SCR2 is turned on. The method of claim 6, A zener diode configured to be turned on when the voltage of the single-phase power exceeds a set voltage so that the single-phase power is energized; A SCR3 that turns off the SCR1 while energizing the single-phase power of the phase line to a neutral line while being turned on by applying a gate voltage to a gate terminal from the single-phase power source that energizes the zener diode; The circuit breaker with a neutral phase image forming management module further comprises a neutral phase image forming management module including a; trip coil to which the voltage is applied by a single-phase power supply is energized while the SCR3 is turned on. The method of claim 7, wherein In order to prevent the zener diode from being malfunctioned while the voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the SCR3 while the zener diode is turned off, a neutral phase imaging management module is further mounted to the gate terminal of the SCR3. Circuit breaker. The method of claim 6, The SCR1 is configured to be turned on by applying a gate voltage when a voltage is applied to a resistor mounted on the merchant line and the neutral line. As the SCR1 is turned on, the single phase current is energized to the neutral line through the SCR1 by the resistor R4 mounted between the phase line and the anode terminal of the SCR1, and the gate voltage level applied to the SCR2 to which the resistor R4 and the gate terminal are connected. Lower circuit breaker equipped with a neutral phase open phase management module, characterized in that configured to prevent the SCR2 is energized. The method of claim 9, When the neutral wire is formed, the SCR1 is turned off, and the SCR2 is energized while a voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the SCR2 by a potential formed in the resistor R4. breaker. The method of claim 9, And a RC delay circuit for preventing malfunction of the SCR2 by delaying voltage application to the gate terminal of the SCR2 due to a potential formed in the resistor (R4).

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