KR20100129351A - Culture methods of micro algae and environmental variation device to transfer lipids - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for massively culturing micro algae which is used as an ingredient of biodiesel is provided to reduce production cost and operation cost and to help growth of rice plant. CONSTITUTION: A method for massively culturing micro algae comprises a primary laboratory room culture, secondary green house culture(1-1), tertiary farmland culture, and quarternary lipidization process(1-2). The method comprises: a process of culturing micro algae of the primary laboratory room culture; a process of diluting livestock excreta with water in a ratio of 2:8 to prepare liquid booster; a process of massively culturing on a farmland and harvesting; and a step of performing nitrogen blocking for two weeks to obtain high fatty acid.

Description

Culture methods of micro algae and Environmental variation device to transfer lipids}

For many years, there has been a lot of attention and effort in the alternative energy industry to solve these problems, which are caused by the depletion of oil resources and environmental pollution. One of them relates to the cultivation and production of microalgae as a raw material of biodiesel made from fat or regeneration of animals or plants. Diesel oil is most widely used as a raw material of a vehicle, that is, a diesel engine, because of its low cost among various fuels obtained from crude oil. The present invention seeks to provide a method for obtaining biodiesel raw material (fatty acid) through microalgae that appeared on the earth 2 to 3 billion years ago and has maintained its species.

Microalgae are the oldest organisms on the planet, and their number is thousands, but about 0.1% of them are known for their biological activity, and only a few of them are cultivated on an industrial scale, such as chlorella or spirulina. Microalgae are being developed into various materials such as dietary supplements, health supplements, aquaculture feeds, alternative medicines, and energy resources. The microalgae are single-celled plants that live in fresh or seawater and have no roots, stems, or leaves, and have photosynthesis with chlorophyll. They contain vegetable fatty acids, proteins, minerals, and various vitamins, which make them useful for health foods. Depending on the environmental conditions, it has the advantage of being able to harvest a large amount in a short time due to rapid growth and breeding activity, and thus has unlimited potential as a biodiesel raw material. Since microalgae show a great difference depending on the culture conditions, they need optimal growth conditions. As a large-scale cultivation method of microalgae to obtain raw materials of biodiesel under fresh water conditions, it can be divided into a closed tank cultivation device which requires a low operating cost, a simple open culture system and an expensive equipment facility. have.

In the case of the open culture, the production cost has the advantage of low cost, but due to the seasonal climatic conditions, the production yield greatly decreases, and in the case of a closed tank culture, the photosynthetic action during the growth of microalgae facilitates the growth. Nutrients containing beneficial carbon and trace elements must be supplied separately to help microalgae grow and reproduce, and to adjust the appropriate temperature and culture conditions. It requires expensive equipment for operation and expensive working capital, so it is still difficult to be used as a raw material for biodiesel. Therefore, it is mainly used for manufacturing health food and medicine.

As mentioned above, various research and development using microalgae has been conducted, but the culture and production method of microalgae as an energy source has a high production cost. This is desperate. The present invention is to provide a cultivation method and facility that can reduce the facility cost and operating costs by dualizing and maximizing the production method under fresh water conditions.

It is equipped with an outdoor cultivation device of specially designed vinyl house structure that is simple in equipment cost, simple in operation, low in operation cost, and capable of mass cultivation, which increases production and maximizes the production through mass cultivation of farmland using farmland. By inducing the transformation of the harvested microalgae into lipid fat by transformation and having a higher maintenance content than conventional animal and vegetable fats and oils can produce a biodiesel with high productivity.

With the above advantages, it is possible to reduce facility costs and operating costs, thereby lowering production costs, and thus, it is possible to produce microalgae as a raw material of biodiesel.

In addition, bioethanol can also be produced by fermentation using protein contained in a large amount of cake remaining in the milking process, which is a pretreatment process of the biodiesel production process (oil milking → esterification reaction → biodiesel) to obtain fuel. High utilization.

As described above, if microalgae are used to produce low-cost energy sources, the potential value is infinite, and it is expected to contribute to high oil prices and environmental pollution.

The present invention relates to a mass production method of micro algae for use as a biodiesel raw material, and provides a production facility and a culture method for obtaining high fat in microalgae by inducing mass culture and transformation of the organism. Characterized in that. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The cultivation method of microalgae is largely divided into the stages of the first laboratory culture, the second greenhouse culture (outdoor culture), the third farmland mass culture process (outdoor culture), and the fourth lipidation transformation process. The microalgae to be cultured in each of the above steps is to provide a culturing method using Chlorella vulgaris species that is slightly higher in the fatty acid content and suitable for farming methods of farmland.

In the first laboratory culture stage, the optimum environment for microalgae growth is created by agitation by booster (culture medium) and air pump of carbon source, nitrogen source, inorganic salt, growth factor (vitamin) in the room maintained at 26 ~ 30 degrees. Incubate strains up to 10 times or more in 20 hours.

The microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) cultured in the above step is carried out in a mass culture in a secondary greenhouse greenhouse facility of a vinyl house structure. As shown in 1-1 of FIG. 1, the microalgae cultured in a laboratory are vertically formed by a circulation pump 3 after a predetermined amount of mixing with the liquid booster 2, which is a carbon source, in the stirring tank 1 inside the greenhouse. After being transported to the upper portion of the transparent vinyl tube 4, the natural drop through the hole (hole) at the end of the transparent vinyl tube by the drop due to gravity is circulated in a zigzag is conveyed. During circulation, microalgae growth and differentiation are promoted by maintaining the optimal temperature (26 ~ 30 ° C) by the photosynthesis and greenhouse effect using solar energy penetrating the cylindrical transparent vinyl tube of 250mm inner diameter.

The liquid booster (2) is a manure source made by diluting the livestock with dilution with water at 2: 8 and periodically mixed in the stirring tank (1) in the circulation process. By optimizing the culture conditions of the microalgae as described above, it is possible to culture a large amount of microalgae with a high concentration in a short time. The microalgae circulated and cultured are harvested by being separated from water in the course of passing through the centrifugal filter (5) on a weekly basis, and the separated water is recycled through the stirring tank (1) again to form a continuous mechanism. .

The above-mentioned greenhouse cultivation facility uses solar energy and requires the minimum power cost according to the pump (3) transfer, and because the structure is simple, it does not require expensive equipment purchase compared to other production methods, and operates with minimum manpower. Maintenance cost can be minimized dramatically, so it has considerable competitiveness.

The microalgae cultivated in the above step can effectively increase the yield by carrying out the third cultivation of the farmland in the above step belonging to the open culture system that can be grown in a larger scale in accordance with the rice farming time. have. In the four-season domestic climate conditions, open culture is unfavorable all year round (365 days), so microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) are discharged into paddy fields at the time of planting of the farmland where the climate conditions are suitable for about five months before harvesting rice. Can be cultured.

At the same time, the microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) and the liquid booster, which are cultivated in the greenhouse, are discharged together in the paddy field and harvested through the pump and oil / water separator at a weekly interval from one month. Farmland mass cultivation is suitable for the growth climate conditions of chlorella, a microalgae, and has a smooth growth activity. This proliferation activity can inhibit the growth of high-grade nutrients and weeds to help the healthy growth of rice can see a win-win effect in the rice farming and microalgae culture. The released microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) help the growth of rice with the following characteristics. First, it changes the surface layer of paddy soil to sticky mucus and contributes to the large-scale growth of small insects and small animals such as loach, and inhibits germination of weeds primarily. Second, it blocks the sun by rapidly growing microalgae. Inhibit primary growth. Third, because it contains a large amount of enzymes, vitamins, and various minerals to help the healthy growth of rice, organic food of rice is possible because it supplies nutrients with liquid booster using livestock powder. With the characteristics as described above, the use of farmland (沓) of the general farmhouse is easy to reduce the cost, and the simple cultivation process contributes significantly to the reduction of production costs.

Microalgae harvested through tertiary farmland or secondary greenhouse cultivation create artificial adverse conditions in the process of tertiary lipidation, leading to conversion to survival mode, and transforming components in microalgae into lipid fats. By capturing 80% eggplant, biodiesel production can be significantly increased. The microalgae harvested in the second or third stages have facilities as shown in 1-2 of FIG. The tank 7 is placed in a ring-shaped shape at the upper end of the transparent vinyl house 6 which is easily exposed to direct sunlight to create a closed space and keep the algae for air for about two weeks. Nitrogen contained in the air is blocked during storage, and microalgae are stressed to transform into species-preservation mode for survival. In the process, carbohydrates and proteins are converted into lipid fat. First, the microalgae, which are introduced and mutated, is carried out by a collection and vertical transfer device to be stored in a double outer tank 9 through a tank bottom equipped with an opening and closing device 8 to achieve a working process.

After this step, the fat was 19-22% at harvest is transformed up to 80% or more by transformation, characterized in that the configuration and method comprising the above-mentioned step to increase the biodiesel production significantly.

The harvested microalgae are subjected to a process of extracting fatty acids through a pressurized milking machine to be used as a biodiesel raw material. Proteins and other polysaccharides contained in a large amount of milk cake remaining in this process are fermented secondly. After passing through to obtain a ethanol as a by-product.

1 is a perspective view of a facility for the culture tank and the fourth geological environment change in the secondary greenhouse culture facility

Claims (1)

The present invention relates to a mass culture method and equipment for microalgae for use as a raw material of biodiesel, and comprises largely the stages of primary laboratory culture, secondary greenhouse culture, tertiary farmland culture, and tertiary lipidation transformation process. Culturing the microalgal strains of the first laboratory culture stage in the composition, The structure and form of natural drop of a vertical vinyl transparent tube connected to several tanks starting from a stirring tank in a greenhouse-cultivation facility of a secondary vinyl house structure, and circulated by a pump, and diluted 2: 8 with water using a livestock powder How to make boosters, The method and composition of the tertiary farmland cultivation, which is mass-cultivated and harvested by discharging rice fields at the time of farming Microalgae with the design and configuration of the upper part of the tank tank of the fourth round ring type and the structure of the upper part of the greenhouse to induce direct sunlight, and the method of obtaining the high fatty acid by inducing the lipidation transformation process by nitrogen blocking for two weeks in a closed tank. Rapid Culture Method and Environmental Variation

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