KR20100109807A - Ventilating and heating apparatus using solar heat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A ventilating/heating apparatus using solar heat is provided to increase the temperature of air inside a room due to solar heat and reduce the load of a cooling and heating device. CONSTITUTION: A ventilating/heating apparatus using solar heat comprises a ventilation and heat returning unit(100) and a solar heat supply unit(200). The ventilation and heat returning unit comprise a compressor(110), a first heat exchanger(120), an expansion valve(130), a second heat exchanger(140), and a 4-way valve(150). The compressor comprises a first heat exchange medium at high pressure and high temperature. The first heat exchanger is installed on an outlet, wherein first heat exchange medium circulates inside. The expansion valve reduces the pressure of the first heat exchange medium which has passed through the first heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger is installed in an inlet port. The 4-way valve converts the flow of the first heat exchange medium. The solar heat supply unit comprises a regenerative tank(220), a third heat exchange medium supply pipe(230), and a return pipe(240).

Description

VENTILATING AND HEATING APPARATUS USING SOLAR HEAT}

The present invention relates to a ventilation and heating device, and more particularly, to keep indoor air clean by discharging indoor odors, and using the waste heat of the discharged indoor air to determine the temperature of outdoor air introduced into the indoor air temperature level. It is related to ventilation and heating apparatus using solar heat that can reduce the load of air conditioners by compensating with, and increase the temperature of outdoor air introduced into the room using solar heat to an optimal level.

Ventilation converts indoor polluted air into comfortable air, which changes its state due to human activities, combustion of fuel, and generation of harmful substances. The cleanliness of the air is judged by thermal conditions such as temperature and humidity, airflow conditions such as wind speed and wind direction, concentrations and odors of dust, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, bacteria, and other harmful substances. It is called. The aim is to improve the air environment to be suitable for human health and hygiene activities, to meet the needs of creating a thermal environment, and to preserve buildings and goods.

Ventilation methods include mechanical ventilation by blowers and ventilation fans, and natural ventilation by wind and buoyancy.

Among the ventilation methods described above, a ventilation fan is widely used. For example, indoors of restaurants have bad odors such as combustion gas and meat grilling odors generated when grilling meat. These odors can cause discomfort to indoor passengers, and can vent polluted indoor air to the outside. It is installed on the wall, ceiling or the like of this room.

According to the above ventilation fan, the indoor air contaminated by the ventilation fan is forcibly discharged to the outside to keep the room clean. And, the outdoor air flows into the door or window gap when the door is opened.

However, according to the prior art ventilation apparatus including a ventilation fan has the following problems.

When indoor air is discharged, both air and heat are exhausted. That is, since the heat of the indoor air is discharged along with the odor, in order to maintain the temperature of the indoor air at a proper temperature, the boiler or the air conditioner must be continuously driven, thereby causing waste of power. Specifically, since the outdoor air introduced from the outside is not maintained at an appropriate temperature by a boiler or an air conditioner, when the outdoor air enters the room, the temperature of the indoor air rises above the appropriate temperature in the summer, and the indoor air in the winter. The temperature is lower than the proper temperature and the unpleasant feeling of the temperature change is felt. Therefore, in order to keep the room at an appropriate temperature, the boiler must be operated continuously in winter to increase the temperature of the indoor air, and in summer, the air conditioner must be continuously operated to lower the temperature of the indoor air. There is a problem that the maintenance cost is increased.

In order to solve this problem, techniques have been proposed to heat the indoor air and outdoor air to prevent a sudden temperature change when the outdoor air is introduced and to reduce the load of the air conditioner.

This prior art is generally provided with a total heat exchanger having a honeycomb flow path of indoor air and outdoor air, thereby controlling the temperature of the outdoor air by allowing the indoor air and outdoor air to flow along each flow path. In the prior art as described above, heat is exchanged between indoor air and outdoor air by conducting heat from indoor air passing through the flow path of the total heat exchanger to the outdoor air, but the heat exchanger simply passes the flow path between the indoor air and the outdoor air. Since the efficiency is lowered, the discomfort remains when the outdoor air is introduced, and there is a limit in reducing the load of the air conditioner.

In order to solve this problem, there is a patented Patent No. 0613494 ventilating heat recovery device invented by the inventor of the present application.

The ventilation heat recovery apparatus exhausts indoor muddy air to the outside and introduces fresh outdoor air into the room to ventilate the room, and at this time, recovers the heat of the indoor air discharged to the outside and supplies air into the room to supply air conditioning. There is an effect to reduce the load.

However, since the heat recovery rate of the indoor air does not reach the desired level and there is no heat loss, the temperature of the outdoor air flowing into the room cannot be maintained at an appropriate level, and as a result, the operation rate of the air conditioner has to be increased. .

The present invention is to solve the above problems, to keep the indoor air clean by discharging the indoor odor, and compensates the temperature of the outdoor air introduced by using the waste heat of the discharged indoor air to the temperature level of the indoor air The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation device using solar heat, thereby reducing the load of the air conditioner and increasing the temperature of outdoor air introduced into the room using solar heat to an optimal level.

Ventilation apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention for achieving the object as described above, the heating including a first heat exchanger is installed at the outlet for discharging the indoor air, a second heat exchanger is installed at the inlet through which the outdoor air is introduced And a heat recovery portion; It is characterized in that it comprises a solar heat supply unit for supplying solar heat to the heating and heat recovery unit.

According to the ventilation apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention, the indoor air can be comfortably ventilated by discharging indoor polluted air and introducing fresh outdoor air. Since the temperature is transferred to the introduced outdoor air without being discharged, the indoor air can be kept clean, thereby lowering the operation rate of the air conditioner for adjusting the indoor temperature to an appropriate temperature. In particular, even though it is difficult to control the temperature of the outdoor air to the temperature of the indoor air only by the first heat exchange medium of the heat pump cycle, it is possible to adjust the temperature of the outdoor air to the temperature of the indoor air using solar heat, thereby reducing the cost of recycling resources. You can expect

As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation and heating apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention includes a ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 and a solar heat supply unit 200.

Ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 is to discharge the muddy air of the indoor to the outside, and to introduce the fresh air of the outdoor into the room, and to recover the heat of the indoor air discharged to the outside to supply to the outdoor air introduced into the room It is composed as follows.

Ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 is a compressor (110) for compressing the first heat exchange medium at high temperature and high pressure, the outlet (1) through which the first heat exchange medium compressed at high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 110 and the indoor air is discharged The first heat exchanger 120 mounted on the expansion valve, the expansion valve 130 for depressurizing the first heat exchange medium passing through the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchange medium decompressed by the expansion valve 130 circulate and inflow of outdoor air. It consists of a second heat exchanger 140 mounted on the inlet 2 and the four-way valve 150 for switching the flow direction of the first heat exchange medium.

That is, the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 supplies the heat of indoor air to the outdoor air by exchanging the first heat exchange medium with the indoor air and the outdoor air, and the first heat exchange medium when the first heat exchange medium passes through the first heat exchanger. By recovering heat from the indoor air discharged through the gas 120 and supplying the outdoor air introduced through the second heat exchanger 140 when the first heat exchange medium passes through the second heat exchanger 140. By ventilating the indoor air by ventilating the indoor air, while heating the outdoor air, the outdoor air temperature is adjusted to the indoor air temperature.

According to the four-way valve 150, in the winter, the heat exchange medium is the compressor 110-the second heat exchanger (condenser) 140-the expansion valve 130-the first heat exchanger (evaporator) 120-of the compressor 110 By circulating through the route to recover the heat of indoor air that is hotter than the outdoor air and supplying it to the outdoor air of low temperature, the temperature of the outdoor air is increased. 120) expansion valve 130-second heat exchanger (evaporator) 140-circulates to the root of the compressor 110 to take heat away from the indoor air having a lower temperature than the outdoor air, thereby recovering heat from the high temperature outdoor air It is to lower the temperature of the air.

Although not shown in the drawings of the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100, reference numeral 3 is a discharge fan forcibly discharging indoor air, and reference numeral 4 is an inlet fan forcibly introducing outdoor air.

The exhaust fan (3), the inlet fan (4), the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 may be on / off operation through a single switch, and whether or not the drive can vary depending on the difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature, respectively It may be operated independently by a switch (not shown) of. Because, when there is little difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature, it is not necessary to adjust the temperature of the outdoor air by recovering the heat of the indoor air, but since the odor must be removed, the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 is not operated and the exhaust fan is not operated. This is because the (3) / inlet fan 4 must be operated.

The solar heat supply unit 200 supplies solar heat to the outdoor air for a situation where the heat source recovered from the indoor air is weak so that the temperature of the outdoor air cannot be adjusted to the temperature level of the indoor air.

The solar heat supply unit 200 circulates the heat collecting means 210 to recover heat from the heat storage tank 220 in which the second heat exchange medium recovers solar heat, and the heat from the second heat exchange medium stored in the heat storage tank 220. (Substantially supplied to the first heat exchange medium), a third heat exchange medium supply pipe 230 for supplying the second heat exchange medium to the heat storage tank 220 to return the second heat exchange medium from which heat is removed from the outdoor air to the heat storage tank 220. It is composed of

That is, the first heat exchange medium heat-exchanged with the third heat exchange medium to control the temperature of the outdoor air by heat exchange with the outdoor air introduced into the room, wherein the first, third heat exchange medium is directly in the second heat exchanger 140 The heat exchange may be performed, and after adjusting the temperature of the first heat exchange medium through a separate pretreatment heat exchanger 160 (shown in FIG. 2), the first heat exchange medium (the state that has passed through the pretreatment heat exchanger 160) is removed. The temperature of the outdoor air may be adjusted by supplying the two heat exchangers 140.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pretreatment heat exchanger 160 is interposed between the compressor 110 and the second heat exchanger 140 in the flow of fluid to pass the first heat exchange medium, and the third heat exchange medium supply pipe 230. And the third heat exchange medium recovery pipe 240 are respectively connected.

That is, two flow paths separated from each other are formed in the pretreatment heat exchanger 160, and the first and third heat exchange media are circulated through the two flow paths so as to exchange heat, and thus the first heat exchange medium heat exchanged with the third heat exchange medium. Is supplied to the second heat exchanger 140 and the third heat exchange medium heat exchanged with the first heat exchange medium is returned to the heat storage tank (220).

According to the present invention, the first and second valves V1 and V2 may be provided so as not to use solar heat when the temperature of the outdoor air can be adjusted without using solar heat, that is, only by the temperature of the pure first heat exchange medium.

The first and second valves V1 and V2 open and close the third heat exchange medium supply pipe 230 and the third heat exchange medium recovery pipe 240, respectively.

The first and second valves V1 and V2 may be opened or closed by manual operation of a manager, or may be automatically opened or closed based on a temperature input to the second heat exchanger 140.

The temperature sensor T1 and the controller C are equipped for the automatic opening and closing operation.

The temperature sensor T1 detects the temperature of the first heat exchange medium flowing into the second heat exchanger 140 in real time. Although only one temperature sensor T1 is shown in the drawing, since the flow of the first heat exchange medium is switched by the four-way valve 130, the temperature sensor T1 is installed at all places where the first heat exchange medium flows.

The controller C stores the reference temperature. The controller C compares the temperature detected by the temperature sensor T1 with the previously stored reference temperature. When the current temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the controller C uses the first and second valves V1 and V2. The third heat exchange medium supply pipe 230 and the third heat exchanger recovery pipe 240 are forcibly opened, and if the current temperature is higher than the reference temperature, the third heat exchange medium supply pipe 230 and the third heat exchanger recovery pipe 240 ) To force open.

The operation of the ventilation and heating apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention configured as described above will be described.

Winter season

In winter, the boiler is heated to adjust the room temperature to an appropriate temperature (eg 18 ° C.).

On the other hand, indoor air is contaminated by activities of indoor occupants / participants, foreign substances introduced at the time of entry and exit, combustion gas, food smells, etc., and operates ventilation and heating apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention to ventilate the room.

In winter, the first heat exchange medium is compressed by the four-way valve 150 to the compressor 110-the second heat exchanger (condenser) 140-the expansion valve 130-the first heat exchanger (evaporator) 120-the compressor (110). ) To cycle continuously.

While the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 is in operation, the indoor air is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 1 by the blowing force of the discharge fan 3, and the outdoor air is blown out by the blowing force of the inlet fan 4. It flows in via (2). As such, contaminated indoor air is discharged and clean outdoor air is introduced to ventilate the room.

In this process, the heat of the indoor air is transferred to the outdoor air by the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100, and the outdoor air substantially introduced into the indoor air is introduced from the outside, but is maintained at the same temperature or more as the indoor air. As follows.

The first heat exchange medium compressed at high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 110 of the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 exchanges heat with outdoor air introduced into the inlet 2 when passing through the second heat exchanger (condenser) 140. As a result, the heat is taken away from the outdoor air, which condenses itself, raising the temperature of the outdoor air. That is, the clean outdoor air (lower in temperature than the indoor air) passes through the second heat exchanger 140 and the temperature rises to about room temperature and flows into the room.

Subsequently, the first heat exchange medium passing through the second heat exchanger (condenser) 120 flows into the first heat exchanger (evaporator) 120 after passing through the expansion valve 130, and the first heat exchanger 120. The heat is recovered from the room air passing through the first heat exchanger 120 while the evaporates itself. In other words, the contaminated indoor air is discharged in a contaminated state, but is deprived of heat that has been raised to an appropriate temperature by the boiler.

After passing through the first heat exchanger 120, the first heat exchange medium which recovers the heat of the indoor air is passed through the compressor 110, and then phase-changed and flows back into the second heat exchanger (condenser) 140. While passing through the two heat exchanger (condenser) 140, the temperature of the outdoor air introduced into the room temperature is increased to above (the first heat exchange medium recovering the heat of the indoor air through the first heat exchanger 120 itself. Heat is added to the heat of the indoor air, and thus, when the heat is exchanged with the outdoor air through the second heat exchanger 140, the outdoor air recovers its own heat of the first heat exchange medium and the heat recovered from the indoor air. The heat of outdoor air entering the air rises above the temperature of indoor air).

As described above, when the contaminated indoor air is discharged, heat of the indoor air is recovered and the temperature of the outdoor air is adjusted to the temperature of the indoor air through the first heat exchange medium phase-changed by the recovered heat. Therefore, the indoor air temperature is almost unchanged since the indoor air temperature is room temperature, but the indoor air is removed. Therefore, it is unnecessary to operate the boiler to adjust the room temperature to an appropriate temperature.

So far, the solar heat supply unit 200 has been described in a non-operating state, and the solar heat supply unit 200 will also be described below.

In the heat storage tank 220 of the solar heat supply unit 200, a second heat exchange medium that recovers solar heat while circulating the heat collecting means 210 is stored.

The third heat exchange medium heats up with the second heat exchange medium while circulating the heat storage tank 220 to increase the temperature.

The third heat exchange medium discharged from the heat storage tank 220 is supplied to the second heat exchanger 140 through the third heat exchange medium supply pipe 230 to exchange heat with the first heat exchange medium passing through the second heat exchanger 140. (When the pretreatment heat exchanger 160 is applied, the first and third heat exchange media exchange heat in the pretreatment heat exchanger 160). Since the first heat exchange medium has a lower temperature than the third heat exchange medium, the temperature is increased by recovering heat from the third heat exchange medium.

That is, outdoor air introduced into the indoor heat exchanges with the first heat exchange medium having a higher temperature than when the solar heat supply unit 200 does not operate and flows into the indoor at a high temperature.

2. Summer.

In summer, the air conditioner is operated to cool the room in order to adjust the room temperature to an appropriate temperature (for example, 18 ° C.).

On the other hand, indoor air is contaminated by activities of indoor occupants / participants, foreign substances entering and leaving, combustion gas, and food smells, and discharge fans (3) and inflow fans to discharge the polluted indoor air and supply clean outdoor air. (4), the operation of the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 is started. In the summer season, the operation of the solar heat recovery unit 200 is stopped by closing the third heat exchange medium supply pipe 230 and the third heat exchange medium recovery pipe 240 through the first and second valves V1 and V2.

In summer, the four-way valve 150 causes the heat exchange medium to operate the compressor 110-the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120-the expansion valve 130-the second heat exchanger (evaporator) 140-the compressor 110. Circulate continuously.

As described in the winter season, as the contaminated indoor air is discharged to the outside, the odor existing in the room may be removed to ventilate the room, and in this process, the heat of the indoor air is transferred to the outdoor air by the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100. The outdoor air delivered to the room and substantially introduced into the room is introduced from the outside but maintains the same temperature as the room air, and the detailed description is as follows.

The first heat exchange medium compressed at high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 110 of the ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 flows into the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120, and the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120 The heat is deprived of heat to the indoor air passing through the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120 during the flow and condenses itself. That is, the indoor air is taken away from the heat exchange medium inside the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120 to rise and is discharged with a bad smell.

The heat exchange medium exiting the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120 passes through the second heat exchanger (evaporator) 140 after passing through the expansion valve 130 and is introduced by the inlet fan 4 in this process. The heat is exchanged with the outdoor air to evaporate to lower the outdoor air to a lower temperature. That is, the clean outdoor air (higher temperature than the indoor air) passes through the second heat exchanger (evaporator) 140 and the temperature is increased by the heat exchange medium heat-exchanged with the indoor air through the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120. It is lowered to the temperature of indoor air and flows into the room.

The heat exchange medium recovering the heat of the outdoor air is passed through the compressor 110 and then phase-changed and supplied to the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120 and passed through the first heat exchanger (condenser) 120. Heat is taken away by the indoor air discharged in the air and flows into the expansion valve 130. As described above, when the contaminated indoor air is discharged, heat is removed from the indoor air to adjust the temperature of the outdoor air to the temperature of the indoor air through the phase-changed first heat exchange medium. Therefore, the indoor air temperature is almost unchanged since the indoor air temperature is lower than the room temperature, although indoor polluted air (odor) is removed. Therefore, it is not necessary to operate the air conditioner to adjust the room temperature to an appropriate temperature.

3 shows an example configured to use the solar heat supply unit 200 regardless of winter and summer.

As shown in FIG. 3, the third heat exchange medium supply pipe 230 branches to the first and second supply branch pipes 231 and 232, and the third heat exchange medium recovery pipe 240 branches to the first and second recovery branch pipes 241 and 242. do.

The first and second supply branch pipes 231 and 232 are connected to the inflow side of the second heat exchanger 140 and the first heat exchanger 120, respectively, and the first and second recovery branch pipes 241 and 242 are respectively connected to the second heat exchanger ( 140 and the discharge side of the first heat exchanger 120.

The first and second supply distributors 231 and 232 and the first and second recovery distributors 241 and 242 are opened and closed by first to fourth valves V1, V2, V32, and V4, respectively. That is, the first and third valves V1 and V3 may be opened or closed in reverse or simultaneously closed, and the second and fourth valves V2 and V4 may be opened or closed in reverse or simultaneously closed.

According to this configuration, in the winter, the third and fourth valves V3 and V4 are closed and the first and second valves V1 and V2 are opened to supply solar heat to the second heat exchanger 140 as described above. do.

In addition, in summer, the first and second valves V1 and V2 are closed and the third and fourth valves V3 and V4 are opened to supply solar heat to the first heat exchanger 120. Therefore, the condensation efficiency can be increased to further increase the ventilation and cooling efficiency by the second heat exchanger 140.

1 is a block diagram of a ventilation and heating apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention

2 and 3 is another illustration of the ventilation and heating apparatus using solar heat according to the present invention, respectively.

<Description of Signs for Main Parts of Drawings>

100: ventilation and heat recovery unit, 110: compressor

120: first heat exchanger, 130: expansion valve

140: second heat exchanger, 150: four-way valve

160: pretreatment heat exchanger, 200: solar heat supply unit

210: heat collecting means, 220: heat storage tank

230: third heat exchange medium supply pipe, 240: third heat exchange medium recovery pipe

Claims (4)

Compressor 110 for compressing the first heat exchange medium at a high temperature and high pressure, the outlet is discharged to the indoor air discharged therein and the first heat exchange medium compressed by the compressor is circulated therein to discharge the outlet through the first heat exchange medium. The first heat exchanger 120 for exchanging heat with the indoor air discharged through the expansion, the expansion valve 130 for reducing the pressure of the first heat exchange medium passing through the first heat exchanger, the inlet to which the outdoor air is introduced and the expansion therein A second heat exchanger 140 configured to circulate the first heat exchange medium decompressed by the valve and heat-exchange with outdoor air through the first heat exchange medium heat-exchanged with the indoor air through the first heat exchanger to control the temperature of the outdoor air; A ventilation and heat recovery unit 100 including a four-way valve 150 for switching the flow of the first heat exchange medium; And, A heat storage tank 220 in which a heated second heat exchange medium is stored through a heat collecting means 210 for recovering solar heat, and both ends thereof are fluidly connected to the heat storage tank and a second heat exchanger of the ventilation and heat recovery unit. A third heat exchange medium supplying pipe 230 for supplying the third heat exchange medium to the second heat exchanger of the ventilation and heat recovery unit by circulating a third heat exchange medium that exchanges heat with the second heat exchange medium of the heat storage tank, and both ends of the heat storage tank and the A solar heat supply unit 200 including a third heat exchange medium recovery pipe 240 connected to the second heat exchanger of the ventilation and heat recovery unit so as to be in fluid communication and directing the third heat exchange medium passing through the second heat exchanger to the heat storage tank side. ); Ventilation and heating using solar heat characterized in that it comprises a. The method of claim 1, wherein the first heat exchange medium passes between the compressor and the second heat exchanger, and the third heat exchange medium supply pipe and the third heat exchange medium recovery pipe are respectively connected to each other to form the first heat exchange medium. Solar heat ventilation and heating device further comprises a pre-treatment heat exchanger (160) for supplying to the second heat exchanger after heat exchange with a third heat exchange medium. The ventilation and heating apparatus using solar heat according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising first and second valves V1 and V2 for opening and closing the third heat exchange medium supply pipe and the third heat exchange medium recovery pipe, respectively. . The method of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the third heat exchange medium supply pipe is composed of first and second supply branch pipes (231, 232) connected to the inlet side of the second, first heat exchanger, the third heat exchange medium recovery pipe is A first and second recovery branch pipes 241 and 242 connected to the discharge side of the second and first heat exchangers, and the first to fourth opening and closing the first and second supply branch pipes and the first and second recovery branch pipes, respectively; Valves (V1, V2, V3, V4) is provided, the first and second supply branch and the first and second water collection pipe selectively opening and closing, characterized in that the solar ventilation and heating apparatus.

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