KR20100098114A - Device for holding rail section - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus for a support of a rail part, which can restrict or control the vibration transfer to roadbed, is provided to supply optimum condition on descending according to induced power. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for a support of a rail part comprises a support plate(10), a first elastic member(12), a second elastic member(24) and preliminary stress devices(28,30). The support plate is connected to the rail part and indirectly arranged on a supporting part(20). The first elastic member extends along the lower surface of the support plate. The first elastic member has a first spring characteristic curve(62). The second elastic member is arranged on the upper side(22) of the support plate. The second elastic member has the second spring characteristic curve.

Description

Device for holding rail section

The present invention relates to a device for the support of a rail section through which a rail vehicle with wheel loads can pass.

A support plate, such as a rib plate, to which the rail sections are connected and arranged directly or indirectly on a support such as sleepers or concrete plates,

A first elastic element extending at least along the lower surface of the support plate and having a first elastic characteristic curve,

A second elastic element disposed on the top surface of the support plate and having a second elastic characteristic curve, and

A prestress device for prestressing the support plate against the support by means of the first and second elastic elements, wherein when the first and second elastic elements are moderately prestressed, the elastic elements have an overall elastic characteristic curve And an overall elastic characteristic curve comprising a working region with rigid C1 corresponding to the introduction of force into a device with a general wheel load, and a second region with rigid C2 before the working region. .

In a track system, a sound absorbing rail pedestal consisting of a base plate, a rail support plate and a blocking element disposed between the base plate and the rail support plate is known. In addition to the blocking element between the base plate and the rail support plate, prestress devices can be arranged which stress the rail support plate relative to the base plate, and the prestress devices can be released by a vertically acting force. . The natural vibration generated should be altered by an appropriate rail rest so that unwanted noise generation is suppressed. The formation and arrangement of the blocking element gives one elastic characteristic curve with a substantially constant slope for the entire system formed of the blocking element. This creates a linear relationship between spring deflection and force introduction. This means that the entire track system is always equally hard or soft, depending on the elastic property curves of the material used.

The object of the present invention is that, according to the force introduced, the rail vehicle is the device, whereas the above-mentioned device is a rigid unit in order to give optimum conditions with respect to the descent, i.e. when the rail track is adjusted and interrupted, for example. It is to improve the above-described device so that strong damping is possible when passing.

In order to solve the problem of the present invention, substantially, the stiffness C1 of the overall elastic characteristic curve of the elastic system in the working region is smaller than the stiffness of the region before the working region, so that a bent path of the overall elastic characteristic curve of the elastic system is formed. The elastic elements couple the prestress stress produced by the prestressing device to the elastic system such that the ratio of the rigidity C2 before the working region and the rigidity C1 in the working region is 2: 1 ≦ C2: C1 ≦ 9: 1.

In particular, the rigidity C2 is 30 kN / mm ≦ C2 ≦ 60 kN / mm. Preferably, the rigid C2 is 40 kN / mm ≦ C2 ≦ 50 kN / mm.

The rigidity C1 in the working area should be between 5 kN / mm and 25 kN / mm, in particular between 15 kN / mm and 20 kN / mm.

According to the invention, there is provided an elastic system which is dynamic in the hard and selectable area, ie the working area, when the load is small. Thus, a track area is provided which forms a rigid unit, for example when operations such as adjustment and interruption of the rail are to be carried out.

In contrast, when the train passes through a rail track section included in the device, due to the small stiffness in the work area, some damping of the generated vibrations is achieved. Therefore, vibration transmission to the subgrade may be prevented or limited.

The overall elastic characteristic curve according to the invention shows a small spring stiffness in the working area, ie in the area where a common rail load is introduced, whereas the strong damping provided by the static hard system before the working area.

In particular, the first elastic element is an intermediate layer extending at least along the lower surface of the support plate, which intermediate layer is formed by vulcanization on the support plate. The intermediate layer extends at least partially along one or multiple sides of the support plate.

Also in accordance with the present invention, the second elastic element on the upper surface of the support plate is compressed into blocks when moderately prestressed and under no wheel load. Compression into blocks is possible without particular problem when the second elastic element has a form similar to a cylinder having a W-shaped longitudinal section shape. The second elastic element, also called a packing, is arranged in the recess of the stress element of the prestressing device, having a cylindrical shape, and when the wheel load is not applied to the rail section and moderately prestress is applied, the recess becomes the second elastic element. Fully filled with This causes the second elastic element to lose its elasticity. Therefore, substantially only the elasticity of the first elastic element appears when the second elastic element is completely compressed. Within the working area, i.e. after the lowering of the first elastic element due to the wheel load acting on the device, the second elastic element is relaxed corresponding to the lowering of the first elastic element and the compression or omni-directional compression into the block is stopped, Since the second spring element determines the stiffness of the entire system together with the spring stiffness having a smaller stiffness than the first elastic element, the dynamic ductility appears. The first elastic element has an elastic characteristic curve extending more steeply than the elastic region of the second elastic element.

In other words, the second elastic element before the working area of the whole system can be evaluated as almost inelastic and therefore lies in the hard area. However, when the entire system is in the working area, the second elastic element reaches its very elastic range, because the wheel load is no longer able to compress the second elastic element any further, i. This is because relaxation is done.

The overall elastic characteristic curve is formed by subtracting the individual forces acting with each force introduction and thereby with each spring deflection or drop. As such, the overall elastic characteristic curve is slightly steeper than the elastic characteristic curve of the first elastic element in its working area.

As the material of the elastic elements, rubber mixtures, polyurethanes or other materials suitable for the elastomer-spring can be used. Appropriate design or lining can be made to achieve different elastic property curves.

The compression of the second elastic element ensures that the second elastic element cannot be pushed out of the recess in the stress element and that the elasticity of the second elastic element which reliably functions in the overall elastic system is given even when the entire elastic system is compressed. In order to achieve this, in the refinement of the invention, the second elastic element is made of metal and is coupled to the hole disk through the elastic element, for example by vulcanization. The second elastic element is moved towards and by the hole disk. This is done when the stress element is adjusted in the direction of the support plate by screwing through the support plate. The hole disk extends between the stress element and the section of the support plate or the intermediate layer surrounding the side of the support plate and outside the recess.

Screw elements that penetrate the stress element and cause pre-stress can be tightened into the support. In particular, when the screw element is tightened, the stress element lies on the end edge of the metal bush through which the screw element passes, and the metal bush is fixedly supported relative to the support. The metal bush is spaced apart by the support plate and joined by vulcanization to the intermediate layer.

To enable the adjustment of the support plate relative to the support, the metal bush has a cone shape with an elliptical cross section and the stress element is arranged on the end edge of the larger cross section. The plastic sleeve surrounding the screw element extends in the metal bush.

In particular, the stress element has at least two receptacles, in which a second elastic element can be respectively inserted into the receptacle, and the screw elements necessary for the prestress are extended between the receptacles.

Other details, advantages and features of the invention are set forth in the claims, which include the features individually and / or in combination, as well as in the following description of the preferred embodiments of the drawings.

When the train passes through the rail track section included in the device according to the invention, due to the small stiffness in the working area, some damping of the generated vibrations is achieved. Thus, vibration transmission to the subgrade may be prevented or limited.

The figures show a cross-sectional view of the support, ie the support for the rail section, not shown, and a basic elastic characteristic curve followed by the device.

FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the device, the right part being prestressed appropriately to the elements contained in the device, and the left part being not yet prestressed.

In an embodiment, the device comprises a rib plate 10, the base side of which is covered with an elastic intermediate layer 12 which is a first elastic element. The intermediate layer 12 is vulcanized to the rib plate and extends along the longitudinal edges or sides 14, 16 of the rib plate 10 in an embodiment. The unit consisting of the rib plate 10 and the intermediate layer 12 is preferably supported on a base 18 made of hard plastic, which base is based on the sleeper 20 or concrete plate as a support.

The elastic interlayer 12 forming the first elastic element is an element of the elastic system, on the one hand the static rigid unit of the apparatus is obtained upon introduction of a force less than the normal wheel load of the rail vehicle passing through the apparatus. On the other hand, it is ensured that the rib plate 10 is supported against the sleeper 20 so that a dynamic soft unit is obtained under normal wheel load action to sufficiently damp vibrations.

To this end, an elastic consists of an intermediate layer 12 which supports the rib plate 10 against the sleeper 20 on the one hand and a second elastic element 24 that supports the upper surface 22 of the rib plate on the other hand. The system is formed. The elastic system has an overall elastic characteristic curve as described in connection with FIG.

The second elastic element 24 has a W-shaped cross section in a relaxed state as in the left part of FIG. Since it is circular in plan view, the 2nd elastic element 24 can also be called packing. The packing 24 is inserted into a cylindrical recess or receptacle 26 of the stress element 28, which may be referred to as a hood. The hood 28 is basically formed such that two corresponding receptacles 26 into which the packing 24 is inserted are provided, respectively. The hood 28 is penetrated by a screw 30 between the receptacles 26 and the head 32 of the screw is on the dome shaped projection 36 of the hood 28 by, for example, a leaf spring 34. Can be supported. The screw 30 may be tightened into the sleeper 20. The hood 28 is tightened in the direction of the sleeper 20 until the bottom surface 38 of the hood 28 is disposed over the top edge 40 of the metal bush 42 fixedly positioned relative to the sleeper 20. You can go down. In this way, the preliminary prestress can be applied to the intermediate layer 12 and the packing 24.

The metal bush 42 extends spaced apart from the plate 10 and is inserted by vulcanization into the intermediate layer 12. The base side of the metal bush 42 is welded to the ring 44, which lies flat on the plate 18. The shaft 46 of the screw 30 is also surrounded by a plastic sleeve 48, which extends into a metal bush 42 having a corner shape with an elliptical cross section and a cross section extending towards the head of the screw. . With the cone shape and the conical inner chamber and sleeve 48, it is possible to adjust the screw 30 relative to the rib plate 10 using different sleeves, thereby allowing adjustment of the screw.

The packing 24 is surrounded by a metal, such as a thin ring disk 50, and is bonded by vulcanization to the disk. The circumferential side of the hole- or ring disk 50 is surrounded by the material of the packing 24. In the relaxed state the diameter of the packing 24 corresponds to the diameter of the receptacle or recess 26. The height of the annular leg 52 of the packing 24, which extends to the top of the ring disk 50, corresponds to the height of the recess 26. When the packing 24 is inserted into the recess 26, the packing is pressed into the receiving portion 26 by tightening the screw 30 and the lower surface 38 of the hood 28 is pressed into the sleeve 48. Since the recess 26 is completely filled with the material of the packing 24 after it is disposed on the end edge 40 of the), the packing is almost compressed into blocks, thus the rib plate 10 in the direction of the sleeper 20. It does not have elasticity when no force acts on it. To fill the recess, the material of the packing 24 extending under the ring disk 50 is pressed through the ring disk 50.

By tightening the screw 30, a prestress is formed, which presuppresses the compression of the second elastic element, ie the packing 24, and on the other hand the intermediate layer 12, ie the first elastic. Causes the device to fall.

The packing 24, i.e., the material of the packing that can fully penetrate into the recess 26 and cannot be turned laterally, is caused by the hole-or ring disk 50, and the packing 24 is the hole- Or relative to the ring disk 50. In addition, the section 54 of the packing 24 extending below the hole disk 50 is tapered towards the base, i.e. having a V-shape to ensure transition. Preferably, the lower section 54 of the base area has a hemispherical recess and has a corresponding protrusion on the top surface of the section 60 of the packing 24, projecting into the recess 26 in a relaxed state. 58 corresponds to the hemisphere.

In the right part of FIG. 1, it can be seen that the packing 24 completely fills the recess 26 and the material does not flow out.

The ring disk 50 extends between the lower surface 38 of the hood 28 and the intermediate layer 12 protruding to the upper surface of the rib plate 10 or the upper surface of the rib plate 10.

The length of the bush 42, the depth of the recess 26 and the thickness of the hole disk 50 are dimensioned to each other so that compression into the block of the packing 24 is possible by the material provided thereon.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, one or more rebars 62 may be vulcanized in the intermediate layer to affect the stiffness of the intermediate layer 12.

The elastic characteristic curves of the first and second elastic elements, ie the intermediate layer 12 and the packing 24, are shown in FIG. 2.

The intermediate layer 12 has a substantially linear elastic characteristic curve 62. Force F and descent are proportional to each other.

The second elastic element, ie the packing 24, has an elastic characteristic curve 64 consisting of sections 66, 68. Section 66 reflects the characteristics of packing 24 which is not compressed into blocks. The packing 24 is formed to exhibit less rigidity than the first elastic element, ie the intermediate layer 12, or such a material is used. This is manifested by the different slopes of the elastic property curves 62, 66. Once the packing 24 is compressed into a block, the packing 24 is no longer elastic, and therefore is given a section of elastic characteristic curve 64 that extends approximately parallel to the force F introduced. This is because when packing 24 is compressed into blocks, there is no increased force introduction due to significant deformation.

As shown in FIG. 2, the section 68 of the elastic characteristic curve 64 extends not exactly parallel to the ordinate (force). This is limited to the situation in which the ring disc 50 is surrounded by the material of the packing 24, so in that case it is not possible to switch to the side and lower.

As shown in the right part of FIG. 1, after moderately prestress is applied, the intermediate layer 12 and the packing 24 form an overall elastic system, which is shown at the top of FIG. 2. The elastic property curve 70 reflecting the entire system consists of a first section 72 and a second section 74 that is gentler than the section. The elastic elements 12, 24 are adjusted to each other to give a curved transition between the sections 72, 74, and the bending point 76 acts on the prestressed elastic elements 12, 24. Occurs when a force is given, at which point the working area of the device is started, ie the normal wheel load is transmitted.

In order to show that the stiffness C1, C2 corresponding to the sections 72, 74 is greater than the stiffness C3 of the elastic interlayer 12, the elastic characteristic curve 62 of the interlayer 12 is broken in the top view of FIG. 2. Is shown.

The overall elastic characteristic curve 70 is given as follows.

In a moderately prestressed device, i.e. in a device in which the packing 24 is fully compressed into a block in the recess 26 of the hood 28 so that no additional force is exerted on the device, the force F _V acts and Thus, the entire lowering of the rib plate 10 corresponding to the lowering of the intermediate layer 12 is made. This zero is shown at 78. When the force F _b acts on the entire system that is moderately prestressed, the intermediate layer 12 descends by section S. Similarly, the second elastic element 24 is released.

Subtracting the force V _{V '} acting on the prestressed elements 12, 24 from the force F _B acting on the sleeper 20, the corresponding pairs of values for the overall elastic characteristic curve 70, falling / Force Q is obtained. In this way, the second elastic element 24 is substantially compressed into blocks, i.e., lies in the inelastic region, in the region 72 before the working region in which the general wheel load is introduced. The elastics corresponding to the region 68 of the elastic characteristic curve 64 in this region are valid. Thus, the stiffness of the overall system at the start of the working area is substantially determined by the stiffness C3 of the intermediate layer 12. Stiffness of the entire system is provided if a force introduction is made that causes the lowering of the second elastic element 24 to cause the elasticity to be effective, that is, given rigidity corresponding to the section 66 of the elastic characteristic curve 74. Is reduced, which is illustrated by the stiffness C1 and section 74 of the overall elastic characteristic curve 70.

The fact that the bending of the cross section between the sections 72 and 74 changes due to the discontinuous stiffness of the second elastic element 24 is independent of the force acting on the entire system and the lowering of the elastic interlayer 12. Is made from.

According to the present invention, since the zero point of the lowering of the rib plate 10 is shifted due to the preliminary stress, the lowering and bending of the rail upon introduction of a general wheel load is more slight than in a system without proper prestressing. This can also be seen by comparison of the elastic characteristic curves 62, 70, so that the movement of the zero point is shown.

The wheel load Q acting on the overall system is always smaller than the force F acting on the sleeper 20 by the magnitude due to the preliminary stress F _V.

The stiffness of the entire system in front of the work area is between 30 kN / mm and 60 kN / mm, in particular approximately 40 kN / mm. In contrast, the softer regions of the elastic system in which a typical wheel load acts have a stiffness of 5 kN / mm to 25 kN / mm, with a preferred value being 17.5 kN / mm.

Regardless, the area stiffness is adjusted to each other so that the ratio of the stiffness C2 before the working area to the stiffness C1 in the working area is 2: 1 to 9: 1.

The first elastic element 12 should have a rigid C3 of 4.5 kN / mm to 30 kN / mm. The second elastic element 24 has a rigid C4 with C4 ≦ 1 kN / mm in its elastic range where no compression is made to the block.

1 is a cross sectional view of an apparatus for supporting a rail track section;

FIG. 2 shows elastic property curves of an elastic element provided in the apparatus and an elastic system formed of the elastic element. FIG.

Claims (23)

A device for supporting rail sections through which rail vehicles with wheel loads can pass, A support plate 10, such as a rib plate, to which the rail sections are connected, which are arranged directly or indirectly on the support 20, such as sleepers or concrete plates, A first elastic element 12 extending at least along the bottom surface of the support plate and having a first elastic characteristic curve 62, A second elastic element 24 disposed on the upper surface 22 of the support plate and having a second elastic characteristic curve 64, and A prestress device 28, 30 which pre-stresses the support plate against the support by means of the first and second elastic elements, and elastically when the prestress is moderately applied to the first and second elastic elements. The elements form an elastic system having an overall elastic characteristic curve 70, which is before the working region and the working region with stiffness C1 corresponding to the introduction of force into the device with a general wheel load. An apparatus for supporting a rail section, comprising a second region with C2, And a ratio of the rigidity C2 before the working region to the rigidity C1 in the working region is 2: 1 ≦ C2: C1 ≦ 9: 1. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the rigid C2 is 30 kN / mm < C2 < 60 kN / mm. The device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the rigid C2 is 40 kN / mm < C2 < 50 kN / mm. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the rigid C1 is 5 kN / mm ≦ C1 ≦ 25 kN / mm. 5. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rigid C1 is 15 kN / mm ≦ C1 ≦ 20 kN / mm. 6. The support of a rail section according to claim 1, wherein the elastic characteristic curve 70 of the elastic system rises more steeply before the working region than in the working region. Device for. 7. The first elastic element according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first elastic element is an intermediate layer (12) extending at least along the lower surface of the support plate (10), wherein the intermediate layer is preferably supported by vulcanization. Apparatus for supporting the rail section, characterized in that it is formed in the plate. 8. The rail according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer 12 extends at least partially along one or a plurality of sides 14, 16 of the support plate 10. Device for the support of the section. 9. The support of any of the preceding claims, wherein the second elastic element (24) is compressed into blocks when moderately prestressed and without wheel loads. Device for. 10. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second elastic element (24) has a shape similar to a cylinder having a W-shaped longitudinal section shape. The second elastic element 24 is arranged in a cylindrical recess 26 of the stress element 28 of the prestress device 28, 30, according to claim 1. And the recess is fully filled when moderately prestressed. The rail according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the second elastic element 24 is made of metal and coupled to the hole disk 50 through the elastic element, for example, by vulcanization. Device for the support of the section. 13. The hole disk (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the hole disc (50) is between the stress plate (28) and the section of the intermediate layer (12) surrounding the support plate (10) or the side of the support plate. At the outer side of the recess (26). 14. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stress element 28 is penetrated by a screw element 30 that can be tightened into the support 20, and the screw to achieve a predetermined prestress. Device for supporting the rail section, characterized in that it can be adjusted in the direction of the support plate (10) by a device. 15. The stress element (28) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stress element (28) comprises two recesses (26), wherein the screw element (30) extends between the recesses. For the support of rail sections. 16. The stress element 28 according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stress element 28 lies on the end edge 40 of the metal bush 42 through which the screw element passes when the screw element 30 is tightened. And the metal bush is fixedly supported relative to the support (20). 17. The rail section according to claim 1, wherein the metal bush 42 is spaced apart by the support plate 10 and is coupled by vulcanization to the intermediate layer 12. Device for the support of the. 18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the metal bush 42 is in the form of a corner having an elliptical cross section and the stress element 28 lies on an end edge 40 of a larger cross section. Apparatus for supporting rail sections. 19. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plastic sleeve (48) extends within the metal bush (42) surrounding the screw element (30). 20. The support of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein a plate element (18) made of hard plastic is disposed between the support portion (20) and the first elastic element (12). Device for. 21. A rail according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first elastic element 12 has a rigidity C3 greater than the stiffness in the working region of the second elastic element 24 having elasticity. Device for the support of the section. 22. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rigid C3 of the first elastic element (12) is 4.5 kN / mm < C3 < 30 kN / mm. 23. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rigid C4 of the second elastic element 24 is C4 < = 1 kN / mm in the state of elastic action. .

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