KR20100092753A

KR20100092753A - Method for manufacturing surgical wafer

Info

Publication number: KR20100092753A
Application number: KR1020090012033A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 강석진
Original assignee: 주식회사 오라픽스
Priority date: 2009-02-13
Filing date: 2009-02-13
Publication date: 2010-08-23

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a surgical wafer during orthodontics.

The present invention comprises the steps of receiving the three-dimensional digital tooth shape data of the orthodontic target patient screen output tooth shape; Receiving the 3D digital skull shape data of the patient and outputting the skull shape; Setting a three-dimensional reference plane on the skull shape; Generating a reference point and a reference line on the set three-dimensional reference plane to perform a calibration calibration; After the simulation is completed, simultaneously displaying the skull shape and the tooth shape by overlapping the skull shape data and the tooth shape data; Acquiring digital negative shape data of a tooth from the overlapping tooth shape data; And transmitting the digital sound shape data of the obtained tooth to the three-dimensional printer.

Description

Method for Manufacturing Surgical Wafers during Orthodontics {Method for Manufacturing Surgical Wafer}

The present invention relates to a surgical wafer for orthognathic surgery, and more particularly, to a wafer manufacturing method that can produce an accurate surgical wafer based on the results through accurate surgical simulation using 3D CAD / CAM technology.

In general, the dentition is made of a structure that can chew food as the upper and lower teeth bite along the jaw joint movement. At this time, the dental teeth (齒列) is not correct because the upper and lower teeth occlusion is called malocclusion.

These malocclusions include dislocations with abnormal tooth position, uneven difficulty with uneven teeth, open teeth with molar teeth or incisors, and upper teeth, especially with lower teeth Malocclusion due to denial of teeth, such as overdose with a significant degree of covering, interdental gap with open side teeth, and low bite occlusion where a specific tooth gets stuck in the side teeth. Hypertrophy, including skeletal malocclusion due to abnormal growth of the mandible.

Such malocclusion not only causes aesthetic problems in any case, but can also cause tooth decay and gum disease in addition to pronunciation problems and deterioration of chewing function.

Therefore, in order to make such malocclusion normal occlusion, appropriate treatment should be given. The usual treatment methods depend on the patient's age, jaw bone and oral condition, and usually use various devices such as removable orthodontic appliances. do.

The order of treatment of malocclusion is to first take a questionnaire, examination and dental x-rays to observe the root state of the teeth and the health of the gums, and to measure and analyze the cranial and maxillofacial radiographs and plaster models of each person to develop a diagnosis and treatment plan. Will perform.

After that, the appropriate calibration device is selected and applied for a certain period of time, and then the calibration device is removed. Then, the treatment is completed by mounting the retaining device for a period of time.

However, in the case of skeletal malocclusion, orthognathic surgery is performed. Orthognathic surgery corrects skeletal abnormalities of teeth and face parts to create a functional and esthetic face. Difficult to bite or bite, abnormalities in pronunciation, asymmetrical face, severe spatula or jaw occurs, such as the problem occurs because the procedure is performed for improvement.

In order to improve the above problems, in order to make a patient's orthodontic device, first, the upper and lower models of the upper and lower jaws of the patient are fabricated, and then the orthodontic device is manufactured inside the model. It is used by the patient.

As described above, since a corrective device suitable for each patient is manufactured by using a model modeled after a tooth arrangement without directly attaching the corrective device to the patient, the teeth in the state where the upper model and the lower model are modeled are occluded. Orthodontic treatment is performed by making orthodontic devices according to the arrangement of.

Orthodontic surgery is performed when the orthodontic treatment by such a device is not successful.

Orthognathic surgery is difficult to fix some incision jawbone (upper jaw or lower jaw bone) in the right position, for this purpose using the patient's dental gypsum model to predict and cut the surgery to achieve the target position. At this time, by filling the composite material between the upper teeth / lower teeth space to produce a mold having a tooth shape similar to the mouthpiece. In this way, the frame is fixed to the teeth of the jaw portion that is not incision during surgery, and the teeth of the incision jawbone are located to find a desired position. Such a thin horseshoe-shaped mouthpiece-shaped composite (resin) mold used in orthodontic surgery is called a "wafer".

Conventionally, since the wafer was manufactured by hand using a gypsum model to produce a wafer required for orthodontic surgery, manufacturing was difficult, errors occurred, and manufacturing cost was high.

Hereinafter, a conventional wafer fabrication process will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

1 is a view for explaining a state in which the face beam is inserted into the oral cavity of the patient, Figure 2 is a view for explaining the plaster model, Figure 3 is a view for explaining the articulator.

As an example of wafer fabrication, skull cephalometrics using two-dimensional radiographic images are used to obtain a two-dimensional radiographic image of a patient to roughly grasp the state of malocclusion. In other words, the asymmetry of the upper and lower sides is identified using the side photograph of the radiographic image, and the left and right asymmetry is identified using the front photograph.

When the state of malocclusion is determined using a radiographic image, a face bow (face bow) 11 illustrated in FIG. 1 may be used to acquire a relative three-dimensional position of a patient's teeth and a skull. In this case, the face beam 11 is used to obtain a negative tooth frame by leaving a mark of teeth generated when the patient bites on the steel plate inserted into the mouth of the patient. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2, the dental model of the patient is made of plaster to obtain a plaster model 12.

Then, using the articulator 13 shown in FIG. 3, the face beam 11 (see FIG. 1) including the negative tooth frame having the marks of the teeth is fastened to the articulator 13 and the upper jaw plaster model 13a and the lower jaw are attached. The plaster model 13b is mounted.

Articulator 13 is a device for realizing man's jaw joint movement on the basis of Frankfort (FH) plane and reproduces jaw movement with plaster model, and has a tooth mark disposed between plaster models of upper and lower teeth. The jaw movement can be reproduced as if using a tooth frame.

However, there may be various errors such as the error of the pace beam itself that may occur during this process, the error in reproduction in the articulator and the function in the articulator, and there is a possibility that a large number of errors may occur due to the analysis by the subjective judgment of the doctor. Will remain.

4 and 5 are views for explaining a gypsum model is completed virtual surgery, Figure 6 is a view showing a completed wafer.

Referring to FIG. 4, after confirming the jaw movement reproduced by the articulator 13, the reference point 15 is marked on the plaster model for virtual surgery using the plaster model. The gypsum models 13a and 13b having completed the measurement are cut along the marking line and subjected to virtual surgery to move according to the surgical plan, and then fixed using wax 14.

The plaster models 13a and 13b having the virtual surgery completed have a space 16 between the upper jaw 13a and the plaster model teeth of the lower jaw 13b.

As shown in FIG. 5, the space 16 is filled with a composite material (resin: 17) and hardened.

This completes the fabrication of the wafer 18, which is the tooth frame of the tooth for the actual surgery shown in FIG.

This wafer is used as a model to remember the position of the teeth during orthodontic surgery to play an important role in fixing the teeth of the jaw portion that is not incision during surgery and to match the teeth of the incision jaw bone to find the desired position.

Since the wafer manufactured by the conventional manufacturing method is manufactured by virtual surgery using a gypsum model, the wafer is difficult to be manufactured by the subjective judgment of the doctor, and as mentioned above, it is possible to exclude the possibility that there are many errors in each process. none.

In addition, since the face beam and articulator and the plaster model must be used, the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high.

Therefore, there is a need for a wafer fabrication method that can provide higher precision without resorting to manual work.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing orthodontic wafers having accurate precision and process convenience by using three-dimensional digital shape data (teeth shape data, skull shape data) and three-dimensional CAD / CAM technology.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to manufacture wafers for orthodontic surgery that can produce wafers at low cost by inputting three-dimensional digital shape data and manufacturing the wafers without the need for a face beam and articulator, etc. used for mounting. Provide a method.

According to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the method for manufacturing a wafer for orthognathic surgery using a three-dimensional printer, receiving the three-dimensional digital tooth shape data of the patient to be orthodontic target screen output tooth shape Making; Receiving a three-dimensional digital skull shape data of the patient's skull and outputting the skull shape; Setting a three-dimensional reference plane on the skull shape; Generating a reference point and a reference line on the set three-dimensional reference plane to perform a calibration calibration; After the simulation is completed, simultaneously displaying the skull shape and the tooth shape by overlapping the skull shape data and the tooth shape data; Acquiring digital negative shape data of a tooth from the overlapping tooth shape data; And transmitting the obtained digital sound shape data of the tooth to the three-dimensional printer.

The three-dimensional reference plane sets the X-axis reference plane as the first reference plane X, the Y-axis reference plane as the second reference plane Y, and sets the The Y-axis reference plane is set as the third reference plane Z based on the side surface.

The digital sound shape data of the tooth may be obtained by using a boolean function of 3D CAD.

Accordingly, the method of the present invention can easily produce a wafer by acquiring three-dimensional digital shape data, completing a simulation of the surgical result by using three-dimensional CAD / CAM technology, and extracting the digital sound shape data of the tooth at that time.

The method of the present invention enables accurate diagnosis and simulation using three-dimensional CAD / CAM technology based on accurate three-dimensional digital shape data, thus making it possible to manufacture high-precision wafers.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

7 is a reference diagram for explaining a wafer fabrication process of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, after the dental gypsum model of the patient is manufactured, three-dimensional digital tooth shape data is acquired using a three-dimensional scanner (step S100). When the obtained 3D digital tooth shape data is signal-processed in a state capable of outputting the screen, the screen may be output and the 3D shape of the tooth may be output as shown in the screen state diagram of FIG. 8. Here, although the dental gypsum model of the patient was manufactured and three-dimensional digital tooth shape data was obtained by using a three-dimensional scanner separately, a medical computed tomography (CT) which can obtain three-dimensional digital tooth shape data without such a three-dimensional scanner. It is apparent that Computed Tomography technology can be developed, and the method of obtaining 3D digital tooth shape data is not limited thereto.

After the three-dimensional digital tooth shape data is obtained, the skull of the patient is photographed by a computer tomography or the like to obtain the three-dimensional digital skull shape data (step S200). Similarly, if the 3D digital skull shape data obtained is signal-processed in a state capable of outputting the screen, the 3D skull shape 100 of the patient may be output as shown in the screen state diagram of FIG. 9.

The three-dimensional digital skull shape data and the three-dimensional digital tooth shape data may be inputted after being acquired by connecting to an external device or using a built-in function, or may be received online and received from an external institution.

10A is a screen state diagram in which a tooth shape is superimposed on a screen output front skull shape, and FIG. 10B is a screen state diagram in which a tooth shape is superimposed on a screen output side skull shape.

Referring to FIG. 10A, a screen is output based on the 3D digital tooth shape data obtained in step S100 on the 3D skull shape 100 that is output on the screen based on the 3D digital skull shape data obtained in step S200. The three-dimensional tooth shape 110 is superimposed and displayed on the screen (step S300).

As described above, in the present invention, since the three-dimensional digital tooth shape data and the three-dimensional digital skull shape data can be easily obtained by overlapping the three-dimensional digital tooth shape data and the three-dimensional digital skull shape data. It is possible to save time and minimize errors in place of the process of mounting the plaster model using the face beam on the articulator.

Then, the first to third criteria necessary for generating reference points on the data as reference points of the three-dimensional digital shape data as the reference point of the three-dimensional coordinates and the movement reference in the diagnosis and treatment plan. The planes X, Y, and Z are set (step S400). That is, the X-axis reference plane is set to the first reference plane X and the Y-axis reference plane is set to the second reference plane Y based on the front of the three-dimensional skull shape 100 of FIG. 10A. The Y-axis reference plane is set as the third reference plane Z on the side of the three-dimensional skull shape 100 of 10b.

Subsequently, a simulation is performed to establish a desired surgical plan by moving the reference point on the set first to third reference planes X, Y, and Z and the reference line (step S500).

A simulation process for establishing a desired surgery plan based on the reference point and the reference line will be described with reference to the screen state diagrams of FIGS. 11A to 11D.

FIG. 11A is a state diagram showing an initial screen outputting a skull shape for simulation, FIG. 11B is a state diagram showing a reference point in a skull shape, FIG. 11C is a state diagram showing a reference line in a skull shape, and FIG. This is a state diagram showing the movement of the mandible.

11A is a state in which the initial screen for simulating by outputting the front, left and right sides of the three-dimensional skull shape 100, respectively.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 11B, a reference point P0 is used as a reference when the three-dimensional skull shape 100 is moved for the surgery plan for the simulation. The reference point P0 is set to the upper part of the upper jaw and becomes a reference point when the upper jaw or the lower jaw moves during the simulation for the surgery plan.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 11C, a reference line L0 is generated as a reference when the three-dimensional skull shape 100 is moved for the surgery plan. The reference line L0 is generated based on the reference point P0 and is a reference line when the upper jaw or the lower jaw moves during the simulation for the surgery plan.

Subsequently, after the generation of the reference point P0 and the reference line L0 is completed, the mandible is moved based on the generated reference line L0, as shown in FIG. 11D.

Hereinafter, the simulation process will be described with reference to the description of the reference point and the reference line described above as an example in which the first to third reference planes X, Y, and Z are set on the 3D digital skull shape data. It can be used at any time by superimposing (see FIGS. 10A and 10B) three-dimensional digital skull shape data during the simulation process.

In the following description, the aforementioned reference point and reference line will be omitted for convenience of description.

FIG. 12A is a screen state diagram illustrating a state in which a three-dimensional reference plane is set in a front skull shape displayed on the screen for the simulation of the second reference plane Y, and FIG. 12B is a simulation of the second reference plane Y completed. This is a screen state diagram.

Referring to FIG. 12A, when the symmetry of the left and right sides of the second reference plane Y is examined, the lower jaw is abnormally moved to the right.

When viewed from the front of the three-dimensional skull shape 100, the first center point P1 of the lower jaw is formed at the central part coordinates (x ₁ , y ₁ , z ₁ ) of the lower jaw, and the first center point P1 is the second It can be seen that the left and right asymmetry is located on the right side of the reference plane (Y). Accordingly, it can be seen that the first center point P1 of the lower jaw should be simulated to be located on the second reference plane Y by moving to the left. Here, when the first center point P1 of the lower jaw is moved to the left side, the first center point P1 may move based on the reference point P0 and the reference line L0.

Referring to FIG. 12B, the lower jaw is moved to the left so that the first center point P1 of the lower jaw has the coordinates (x ₁ , y ₀ , z ₁ ) positioned on the second reference plane (Y) to be symmetrical to the left and right. Is completed.

In this case, the first reference plane (X) is determined whether the distance from the first reference plane (X) is the same by using two points (Px ₁ , Px ₂ ) on both sides of the tooth and the first reference plane (X). Complete the simulation to achieve symmetry for.

FIG. 12C is a screen state diagram illustrating a state in which a three-dimensional reference plane is set in the side skull shape output on the screen for the simulation of the third reference plane Z, and FIG. 12D is a simulation of the third reference plane Z completed. This is a screen state diagram.

Referring to FIG. 12C, it can be seen that the lower jaw protrudes forward from the upper jaw based on the third reference plane Z. Referring to FIG.

Looking at the side of the three-dimensional skull shape 100, looking at the second center point P2 (x ₂ , y ₂ , z ₂ ) in the front of the lower jaw, it can be seen that the state protrudes relatively relative to the upper jaw. Therefore, it can be seen that the second center point P2 needs to be simulated by moving it to the left on the screen to obtain the same coordinates as the upper jaw based on the third reference plane Z.

Referring to FIG. 12D, when the second center point P2 of the lower jaw is moved to the left side of the screen, it becomes P2 (x ₂ , y ₂ , z _2-n ) and is based on the third reference plane Z of the upper jaw and the lower jaw. The simulation is completed to have the same coordinates.

Based on the three-dimensional skull shape 100 and the first to third reference planes (X, Y, Z) described above, the doctor identifies the problem of the patient and establishes a treatment plan based on the coordinates of the various reference points. That is, in this embodiment, a series of processes for determining the direction, method, and amount of the coordinates of the first and second center points P1 and P2 to be moved for the treatment about the reference point P0 will be described in this embodiment. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, moving the lower jaw from the front and the side of the three-dimensional skull shape 100 to the left on the screen, respectively, is set by using various functions supported by the CAD / CAM program of the computer to cut the reference point and It is possible to change posture and position as much as surgical plan by using coordinate movement and rotation function around the baseline.A database that compares the difference between pre and post surgery by checking the coordinate of the changed center point based on the base point after completing the simulation. Can also be used as.

12E and 12F show screen states in which 3D digital tooth shape data is superimposed on simulated 3D digital skull shape data.

FIG. 12E shows the front of the three-dimensional skull shape 100 and FIG. 12F shows the side of the three-dimensional skull shape 100.

12E and 12F, it can be seen that a gap 120 is formed between the upper tooth 110a and the lower tooth 110b of the three-dimensional tooth shape 110. If the gap 120 formed on the three-dimensional space is filled by using a boolean function of the three-dimensional CAD program, digital sound shape data of the tooth may be obtained (step S600).

When the digital sound shape data of the obtained tooth is signal-processed in a state capable of outputting the screen, the screen may be output as shown in FIG. 13 to output the sound shape 200 of the 3D tooth. After checking the digital sound shape 200 of the three-dimensional teeth displayed on the screen, the digital sound shape data of the three-dimensional teeth for outputting the wafer, for example, RP-Rapid Prototyping system (also referred to as arphim machine) Is transmitted to the three-dimensional printer (step S700).

When the rapid prototyping machine is made of resin using the digital sound shape data of the received tooth, the surgical wafer can be manufactured in real, and FIG. 14 shows the completed surgical wafer 210 (step S800).

As described above, in the present invention, a wafer for accurate orthodontic surgery can be manufactured using digital sound shape data of a tooth obtained by receiving 3D digital shape data and performing a simulation process on a computer using 3D CAD / CAM technology. Can be.

According to the present invention, since digital data is obtained, a surgical simulation is performed on a computer using 3D CAD / CAM to obtain information necessary for manufacturing a surgical wafer, and thus a wafer is manufactured, thereby minimizing an error when applied to actual surgery. .

1 is a view for explaining a state in which the face beam is inserted into the mouth of the patient,

2 is a view for explaining a plaster model,

3 is a view for explaining the articulator,

4 and 5 is a view for explaining a plaster model that the virtual surgery is completed,

6 shows a completed wafer;

7 is a reference diagram for explaining a wafer fabrication process of the present invention;

8 is a screen state screen outputting the tooth shape using the three-dimensional digital tooth shape data,

9 is a screen state screen outputting the skull shape using the three-dimensional digital skull shape data,

10A is a screen state diagram illustrating a state in which a three-dimensional reference plane is set on a screen output frontal skull shape;

10B is a screen state diagram illustrating a state in which a three-dimensional reference plane is set on a screen output side skull shape;

11A is an initial screen state of outputting a skull shape for simulation;

11B is a screen state diagram in which a reference point is generated in a skull shape;

11C is a screen state diagram in which a baseline is generated in a skull shape;

Figure 11d is a screen state showing the movement of the mandible of the skull,

12A is a screen state diagram illustrating a state in which a three-dimensional reference plane is set on the front two bone shapes displayed on the screen for the simulation on the second reference plane Y;

12B is a screen state diagram in which simulation of the second reference plane Y is completed;

12C is a screen state diagram illustrating a state in which a three-dimensional reference plane is set on a screen output side skull shape for simulation of the third reference plane Z;

12D is a screen state diagram in which simulation of the third reference plane Z is completed;

12E and 12F are screen state diagrams in which three-dimensional digital tooth shape data is superimposed on simulated three-dimensional digital skull shape data;

13 is a screen state outputting the sound shape of the teeth using the digital sound shape data of the teeth,

14 is a state diagram of the surgical wafer is completed production.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

100: skull shape 110: tooth shape

120: gap 200: tooth shape

210: wafer

Claims

In the method of manufacturing a wafer for orthognathic surgery using a three-dimensional printer,

Receiving the 3D digital tooth shape data of the orthodontic target patient and outputting the tooth shape;

Receiving the 3D digital skull shape data of the patient and outputting the skull shape;

Setting a three-dimensional reference plane on the skull shape;

Generating a reference point and a reference line on the set three-dimensional reference plane to perform a calibration calibration;

After the simulation is completed, simultaneously displaying the skull shape and the tooth shape by overlapping the skull shape data and the tooth shape data;

Acquiring digital negative shape data of a tooth from the overlapping tooth shape data; And

And transmitting the digital sound shape data of the obtained tooth to the three-dimensional printer.

The method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional reference plane

The X-axis reference plane is set as the first reference plane X, the Y-axis reference plane is set as the second reference plane Y, and the Y-axis reference plane is set based on the front face of the skull shape. Method for manufacturing a surgical wafer for orthodontics, characterized in that the axis reference plane is set to the third reference plane (Z).

The method of claim 1, wherein the digital sound shape data of the tooth is obtained by using a boolean function of 3D CAD.