KR20100079266A - Image sensor and method for manufacturing thereof - Google Patents
Image sensor and method for manufacturing thereof Download PDFInfo
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- KR20100079266A KR20100079266A KR1020080137695A KR20080137695A KR20100079266A KR 20100079266 A KR20100079266 A KR 20100079266A KR 1020080137695 A KR1020080137695 A KR 1020080137695A KR 20080137695 A KR20080137695 A KR 20080137695A KR 20100079266 A KR20100079266 A KR 20100079266A
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- light sensing
- conductive
- wiring
- sensing unit
- forming
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14603—Special geometry or disposition of pixel-elements, address-lines or gate-electrodes
- H01L27/14607—Geometry of the photosensitive area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/1463—Pixel isolation structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14636—Interconnect structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14683—Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14683—Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
- H01L27/14692—Thin film technologies, e.g. amorphous, poly, micro- or nanocrystalline silicon
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The image sensor according to the embodiment includes a readout circuitry formed on the first substrate; Wiring formed on the first substrate; A light sensing device including a first conductive conductive layer and a second conductive conductive layer on the wiring; A contact plug connecting the light sensing unit and the wiring; An interlayer separation layer formed on the light sensing unit; And a ground line formed on the inter-pixel separation layer and connected to the light sensing unit.
Description
Embodiments relate to an image sensor and a manufacturing method thereof.
An image sensor is a semiconductor device that converts an optical image into an electrical signal, and is divided into a charge coupled device (CCD) and a CMOS image sensor (CIS). do.
In the prior art, a photodiode is formed on a substrate by ion implantation. However, as the size of the photodiode gradually decreases for the purpose of increasing the number of pixels without increasing the chip size, the image quality decreases due to the reduction of the area of the light receiver.
In addition, since the stack height is not reduced as much as the area of the light receiving unit is reduced, the number of photons incident on the light receiving unit is also decreased due to diffraction of light called an airy disk.
One alternative to overcome this is to deposit photodiodes with amorphous Si, or read-out circuitry using wafer-to-wafer bonding such as silicon substrates. And photodiodes are formed on the lead-out circuit (hereinafter referred to as "three-dimensional image sensor").
Meanwhile, according to the related art, in connection with the separation of electrons and holes generated by light in the upper photo diode in the three-dimensional structure, the movement path of the electron is longer than that of the conventional two-dimensional structure, and thus it is not smooth. However, there is a problem of recombination with each other resulting in loss of signal.
In addition, according to the related art, since both the source and the drain of the both ends of the transfer transistor are doped with a high concentration of N-type, charge sharing occurs. When charge sharing occurs, the sensitivity of the output image is lowered and image errors may occur.
In addition, according to the related art, a dark current is generated between the photodiode and the lead-out circuit and the photocharge is not smoothly moved, and saturation and sensitivity are decreased.
Embodiments provide an image sensor and a method of manufacturing the same that can optimize the formation of a signal line in order to minimize light loss.
In addition, the embodiment is to provide an image sensor and a method of manufacturing the same that can increase the charge factor (Charge Sharing) does not occur.
In addition, the embodiment of the present invention provides an image sensor capable of minimizing dark current sources and preventing saturation and degradation of sensitivity by creating a smooth movement path of photo charge between the photodiode and the lead-out circuit. To provide a manufacturing method.
The image sensor according to the embodiment includes a readout circuitry formed on the first substrate; Wiring formed on the first substrate; A light sensing device including a first conductive conductive layer and a second conductive conductive layer on the wiring; A contact plug connecting the light sensing unit and the wiring; An interlayer separation layer formed on the light sensing unit; And a ground line formed on the inter-pixel separation layer and connected to the light sensing unit.
In addition, the manufacturing method of the image sensor according to the embodiment comprises the steps of forming a readout circuitry (Readout Circuitry) on the first substrate; Forming a wire on the first substrate; Forming a light sensing device including a first conductive conductive layer and a second conductive conductive layer on the wiring; Forming a contact plug connecting the light sensing unit and the wiring; Forming an inter-pixel separation layer on the light sensing unit; And forming a ground line connected to the light sensing unit on the inter-pixel separation layer.
According to the image sensor and the manufacturing method according to the embodiment, it is possible to prevent the loss of light due to the ground line formation in the three-dimensional image sensor, and to effectively improve the sensitivity by separating the electrons and holes have.
In addition, according to the embodiment, the device may be designed such that there is a potential difference between the source and the drain across the transfer transistor Tx, thereby enabling full dumping of the photo charge.
In addition, according to the embodiment, the charge connection region is formed between the photodiode and the lead-out circuit to create a smooth movement path of the photo charge, thereby minimizing the dark current source, and reducing saturation and sensitivity. You can prevent it.
Hereinafter, an image sensor and a method of manufacturing the same according to an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the embodiments, where it is described as being formed "on / under" of each layer, it is understood that the phase is formed directly or indirectly through another layer. It includes everything.
The present invention is not limited to the CMOS image sensor, and may be applied to an image sensor requiring a photodiode.
(First embodiment)
1 is a cross-sectional view of an image sensor according to a first embodiment. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the image sensor according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB ′ of the image sensor according to the first embodiment.
The image sensor according to the first embodiment includes a
The
According to the image sensor and the manufacturing method according to the embodiment, it is possible to prevent the loss of light due to the ground line formation in the three-dimensional image sensor, and to effectively improve the sensitivity by separating the electrons and holes have.
In addition, according to the embodiment, the device may be designed such that there is a potential difference between the source and the drain across the transfer transistor Tx, thereby enabling full dumping of the photo charge.
In addition, according to the embodiment, the charge connection region is formed between the photodiode and the lead-out circuit to create a smooth movement path of the photo charge, thereby minimizing the dark current source, and reducing saturation and sensitivity. You can prevent it.
Hereinafter, a manufacturing method of an image sensor according to an exemplary embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 3.
First, as shown in FIG. 2A, the
Hereinafter, a process of forming the lead-out
First, as shown in FIG. 3, the
The forming of the lead-out
For example, the
According to the embodiment, the device can be designed such that there is a voltage difference between the source / drain across the transfer transistor Tx, thereby enabling full dumping of the photo charge. Accordingly, as the photo charge generated in the photodiode is dumped into the floating diffusion region, the output image sensitivity may be increased.
That is, in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the voltage difference between the source / drain across the transfer transistor (Tx) 121 is formed by forming the
Hereinafter, the dumping structure of the photocharge of the embodiment will be described in detail.
Unlike the floating diffusion (FD) 131 node, which is an N + function in the embodiment, the P / N /
Specifically, the electrons generated by the
Since the maximum voltage value of the P0 / N- / P-
That is, in the embodiment, the reason why the P0 / N- / P-well junction, not the N + / P-well junction, is formed in the silicon sub, which is the
Therefore, unlike the case where the photodiode is simply connected by N + junction as in the prior art, the embodiment can avoid problems such as degradation of saturation and degradation of sensitivity.
Next, according to the embodiment, the first
To this end, the first embodiment may form an n + doped region as the first
Meanwhile, in order to minimize the first
That is, as in the first embodiment, the reason for locally N + doping only to the contact forming part is to facilitate the formation of ohmic contact while minimizing the dark signal. As in the prior art, when N + Doping the entire Tx Source part, the dark signal may increase due to the substrate surface dangling bond.
Next, the
Next, referring to FIG. 2A, an
For example, a high concentration first conductive type
Next, a
The
In addition, an
Thereafter, the second insulating
Next, a
For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, a portion of the
Thereafter, an
Thereafter, a color filter (not shown) process, a microlens (not shown) process, a pad (not shown) opening process, and the like may be performed.
According to the image sensor and the manufacturing method according to the embodiment, it is possible to prevent the loss of light due to the ground line formation in the three-dimensional image sensor, and to effectively improve the sensitivity by separating the electrons and holes have.
In addition, according to the embodiment, the device may be designed such that there is a potential difference between the source and the drain across the transfer transistor Tx, thereby enabling full dumping of the photo charge.
In addition, according to the embodiment, the charge connection region is formed between the photodiode and the lead-out circuit to create a smooth movement path of the photo charge, thereby minimizing the dark current source, and reducing saturation and sensitivity. You can prevent it.
(2nd Example)
4 is a cross-sectional view of an image sensor according to a second embodiment.
The second embodiment can employ the technical features of the first embodiment.
The second embodiment may further include forming a second conductivity type
According to the second embodiment, by forming the second conductivity type
(Third Embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the image sensor according to the third embodiment, which is a detailed view of a first substrate on which a
The third embodiment can employ the technical features of the first embodiment.
Meanwhile, unlike the first embodiment, the third embodiment is an example in which the first
According to an embodiment, an N +
In addition, when the N +
Accordingly, in the third embodiment, a
According to the third embodiment, the E-Field of the Si surface is not generated, which may contribute to the reduction of dark current of the 3-D integrated CIS.
The present invention is not limited to the described embodiments and drawings, and various other embodiments are possible within the scope of the claims.
1 is a plan view of an image sensor according to a first embodiment;
2A and 2B are sectional views of the image sensor according to the first embodiment;
3 is a sectional view of an image sensor according to a first embodiment;
4 is a sectional view of an image sensor according to a second embodiment;
5 is a sectional view of an image sensor according to a third embodiment;
Claims (18)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020080137695A KR20100079266A (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | Image sensor and method for manufacturing thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020080137695A KR20100079266A (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | Image sensor and method for manufacturing thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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KR20100079266A true KR20100079266A (en) | 2010-07-08 |
Family
ID=42640381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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KR1020080137695A KR20100079266A (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2008-12-31 | Image sensor and method for manufacturing thereof |
Country Status (1)
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KR (1) | KR20100079266A (en) |
-
2008
- 2008-12-31 KR KR1020080137695A patent/KR20100079266A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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