KR20100039618A - 3d display device and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A 3D display device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to reduce the thickness and volume of the 3D display device by manufacturing a parallax barrier panel in a substrate or film type. CONSTITUTION: A 3D display device comprises a TFT-LCD(Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display) panel(20) and a parallax barrier liquid crystal panel(30) including a parallax barrier PDLC layer. The TFT-LDC panel includes a first substrate, a RGB PDLC layer, a second substrate, a polarizing plate(410), and a second polarizing plate(420). The first polarizing plate is included on the bottom of the first substrate. The second polarizing plate is included on the second substrate.

Description

3D Display Device And Method Thereof

The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a stereoscopic image display apparatus including an image display panel displaying an image and a parallax barrier panel enabling a stereoscopic image. A stereoscopic image display device including a parallax barrier panel that can be converted, and a method of manufacturing the same.

The present invention can minimize the thickness by reducing the number of panels and polarizers, and it is not necessary to apply the alignment film and rubbing process applied to the existing process, thereby increasing the efficiency of the process, and excellent effect without reducing the aperture ratio in 2D implementation. do.

In general, three-dimensional images representing three-dimensional images are made by the principle of stereo vision through two eyes. The binocular disparity, which appears because the eyes are about 65 mm apart, is the most important factor of the three-dimensional effect. have.

The left and right eyes each look at different two-dimensional images, and when these two images are delivered to the brain through the retina, the brain recognizes them and reproduces the sense of depth and reality of the three-dimensional image.

Such binocular disparity includes a stereoscopic method and an auto stereoscopic method.

The stereoscopic method implements a three-dimensional effect by wearing glasses, an anaglyph method using blue and red sunglasses on the left eye and a right eye, and a density difference method in which the left and right glasses are equipped with filters having different transmittances. There are polarizing glasses using polarizing glasses having different polarization directions, and time-dividing using glasses with a liquid crystal shutter synchronized with this period by periodically repeating the time-divided screen.

However, the method of wearing glasses has a problem in that it is inconvenient to wear glasses and a problem in observing an object other than a stereoscopic image in the state of wearing glasses. Therefore, recently, the research on the auto stereoscopic method, which is a glasses-free method that does not wear glasses, is being actively conducted, and the research and development for various uses is being progressed.

A typical type known as the autostereoscopic method is a parallax barrier that separates left and right images by a lenticular method in which vertically arranged cylindrical lens array plates are installed in front of the image panel and an optical barrier on the slit. There is a way.

1 illustrates an implementation principle of a conventional parallax barrier method.

Referring to FIG. 1, when the image display device is formed of a liquid crystal panel, light passing through the left eye pixel L of the liquid crystal panel from the light emitted from the backlight reaches the left eye of the observer through the barrier of the Paralex. The light passing through the right eye pixel R of the liquid crystal panel reaches the right eye of the observer through the slit of the parallax barrier, and the viewer recognizes it as a 3D stereoscopic image.

At this time, since the blocking area of the Pararex barrier is fixed, it is difficult to implement 2D, and there is a problem in that the aperture ratio and resolution are lowered even when 2D is implemented.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional parallax barrier type stereoscopic image display device in which an image display element and a Paralex barrier are formed of a liquid crystal panel.

Referring to FIG. 2, a conventional parallax barrier type stereoscopic image display apparatus includes a backlight unit 10 that supplies a large amount of light, and an image display liquid crystal panel 20 that displays a planar image by using light emitted from the backlight unit. And a parallax barrier liquid crystal panel 30 for displaying a planar image of the image display liquid crystal panel as a stereoscopic image.

The image display liquid crystal panel 20 is the same as a conventional LCD panel, and includes a thin film transistor substrate 210 and a color filter substrate 220 facing each other with the liquid crystal 230 therebetween.

Specific configuration and operation of the liquid crystal panel is obvious to those skilled in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The parallax barrier liquid crystal panel 30 includes a lower substrate 310 and an upper substrate 320 facing each other with the liquid crystal 330 interposed therebetween, and the lower substrate 310 has a simple stripe shape. The transparent barrier electrode 312 is formed on the substrate 311, and the upper substrate 320 has a common electrode 322 formed on the entire surface of the substrate 321.

In addition, a first polarizing plate 410 is disposed below the thin film transistor substrate 210 of the image display liquid crystal panel, and a second polarizing plate is disposed between the color filter substrate 220 of the image display liquid crystal panel and the lower substrate 310 of the parallax barrier liquid crystal panel. A third polarizer 430 is formed on the upper substrate 320 of the parallax barrier liquid crystal panel 420.

For this reason, the conventional Paralex barrier type stereoscopic image display device includes two panels (four substrates 210, 220, 310, and 320) and three polarizers 410, 420, and 430.

Therefore, since the conventional parallax barrier type stereoscopic image display apparatus manufactures an image display liquid crystal panel and a parallax barrier liquid crystal panel, respectively, and combines the two panels, four substrates are used to increase the overall thickness and the manufacturing cost is high. There was a problem of falling efficiency.

In addition, since the distance between the four substrates (gap) is limited by the viewing distance and parallax barrier pitch (Pitch) there was a problem that can not obtain a high resolution image.

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to use a PDLC panel formed of a PDLC layer mixed with a black dichroic dye as a parallax barrier panel instead of using a conventional liquid crystal panel as a parallax barrier panel. The present invention provides a three-dimensional image display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same, which can reduce the overall thickness, reduce manufacturing cost, increase process efficiency, and do not reduce aperture ratio in 2D implementation.

In order to achieve the above object, the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a parallax barrier panel formed on the image display panel, the parallax barrier PDLC layer is mixed with a black dichroic dye. Here, the image display panel includes a conventional display panel such as a liquid crystal panel and an OLED panel.

The image display panel may be formed of an RGB PDLC layer formed of a mixture of liquid crystal, a polymer material, and a pigment between a first substrate and a second substrate of the liquid crystal panel.

The display device may further include a first polarizer and a second polarizer on the second substrate under the first substrate of the image display panel.

In addition, the parallax barrier panel includes a parallax barrier PDLC layer formed of a mixture of a black dichroic dye, a liquid crystal and a polymer material on the first film and the first film, and a second film formed on the parallax barrier PDLC layer. Characterized in that. The first and second films may include electrodes patterned with indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), and may be manufactured in a substrate or film form.

In addition, when the electric field is vertically applied through the electrodes formed on the first and second films, the parallax barrier PDLC layer displays liquid crystals and black dichroic dyes aligned in the direction of the electric field. The transmissive area is formed, and the part where no electric field is applied is arranged in a liquid crystal and black dichroic dye in the droplets to display black to form a blocking area to control the electric field to implement a parallax barrier. It features.

Meanwhile, a method of manufacturing a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention includes preparing a image display panel and a parallax barrier panel having a parallax barrier PDLC layer formed on the image display panel and having a black dichroic dye mixed between the films. It characterized by comprising the step of forming.

In addition, the parallax barrier PDLC layer is a step of mixing a black dichroic dye, a liquid crystal and a polymer material at a predetermined ratio and simultaneously applying high frequency vibration and heat to the mixed material in a stirrer to have a uniform dispersion characteristics and the Forming the mixed material using any one selected from coating patterning method, screen pattern printing method and inkjet printing method, SIP method using solvent, TIPS method using heat, PIPS method using UV. Curing by using any one selected method to form liquid crystal droplets (droplet).

As described above, the stereoscopic image display apparatus and its manufacturing method according to the present invention is to form a parallax barrier panel having a PDLC layer mixed with a black dichroic dye on the image display panel and can be driven depending on the presence or absence of an electric field. Since the parallax barrier panel can be manufactured in the form of a substrate or a film, the thickness and volume of the entire stereoscopic image display device can be reduced, and an excellent effect capable of converting between 2D and 3D without reducing the aperture ratio and resolution occurs.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention includes a backlight unit 10, an image display panel 50, and a parallax barrier panel 60.

More specifically, the image display panel 50 may include a first substrate 520, a second substrate 540 formed on the first substrate, and a first polarizing plate 510 and a second substrate under the first substrate. A second polarizing plate 550 is included thereon and may include an RGB PDLC layer 530 formed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Here, the first and second substrates 520 and 540 may be composed of transparent glass substrates including patterned transparent electrodes. Here, the first substrate 520 may include a pixel electrode, and the second substrate 540 may include a common electrode.

The RGB PDLC layer 530 mixes R, G, and B pigments, liquid crystal, and polymer materials in a predetermined ratio after the array process is completed on the first substrate 520, and mixes the mixed materials to have uniform dispersion characteristics. High frequency vibration and heat were simultaneously applied in the stirrer, and the mixed material was formed by using any one method selected from coating patterning method, screen pattern printing method, and inkjet printing method, followed by SIP method using a solvent and heat. It can be prepared by curing using any one method selected from the TIPS method used, the PIPS method using UV to form liquid crystal droplets 531.

Here, the R, G, B pigments, liquid crystals and polymer materials (eg, pre-polymers) used in the mixing are composed of materials used in a conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). As it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the case of using an aqueous R, G, B pigment, the RGB PDLC layer 530 is a mixture of the aqueous R, G, B pigment and the liquid crystal in advance to apply a first high frequency vibration and heat to volatilize the solvent. After mixing the polymer material and applying secondary high frequency vibration and heat to have a uniform dispersion property, the mixed material is formed by using any one method selected from coating patterning method, screen pattern printing method and inkjet printing method. In addition, the liquid crystal droplets 531 may be prepared by curing using any one method selected from a SIP method using a solvent, a TIPS method using heat, and a PIPS method using UV.

In addition, a PDLC layer (not shown) for controlling reflection transmission may be further included below the RGB PDLC layer. The manufacturing method is the same as the manufacturing method of the RGB PDLC layer except that the PDLC layer is prepared by mixing a liquid crystal and a polymer material except for R, G, and B pigments.

Meanwhile, the parallax barrier panel 60 includes a first film 610, a second film 630 formed to face the first film, and a parallax barrier PDLC layer 620 formed between the first film and the second film. And a transparent electrode such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) is patterned on the first film and the second film.

The parallax barrier PDLC layer 620 may mix black dichroic dye, liquid crystal, and polymer material in a predetermined ratio, and then manufacture the liquid crystal droplets in the same manner as the RGB PDLC layer.

Hereinafter, a driving method of the stereoscopic image display device constructed and manufactured as described above will be described.

FIG. 4A illustrates the driving state of the white state of the RGB PDLC liquid crystal panel 50, and FIG. 4B illustrates the driving state of the dark state.

4A and 4B, the RGB PDLC layer 530 is driven by the voltages of the pixel electrode and the common electrode. However, no voltage is applied to the electrode to indicate a white state.

The light coming from outside in the state where no voltage is applied to the electrode is introduced into the cell through the upper second polarizing plate 550 and scattered from the surface of the RGB PDLC layer 530 to show color. In addition, the light generated by the backlight unit 10 and incident through the first polarizing plate 510 is scattered through the RGB PDLC layer 530 to be colored outside. If the PDLC layer is further included, the scattering effect may be further increased.

When the liquid crystal directors in the droplets 531 of the RGB PDLC layer apply a voltage to the pixel electrode so that the liquid crystal directors are completely parallel to the electric field, light from the outside is introduced through the second polarizer 550 and the RGB PDLC layer 530 is applied. It passes through and is absorbed by the first polarizer 510. Meanwhile, the light incident from the backlight unit 10 passes through the RGB PDLC layer 530 through the first polarizer 510 and is absorbed by the second polarizer 550 to indicate a dark state. At this time, the optical axes of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate are perpendicular to each other.

Figure 5 shows the driving of the parallax barrier PDLC panel mixed with a black dichroic dye for the parallax barrier according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, when an electric field is vertically given to the parallax barrier PDLC layer 620 formed in the two first and second films 610 and 630 (the electric field ON region), the liquid crystal droplets 621 may be formed. The liquid crystal 621a and the black dichroic dye 621b are aligned in the direction of the electric field to indicate a transparent state, and the portion where no electric field is applied (the field OFF region) is disposed in the liquid crystal droplet 621. Color dyes are arranged in an orderly manner to absorb light or external light generated from the backlight unit 10 to display black.

Accordingly, the portion to which the electric field is applied forms a transmissive region, and the portion to which the electric field is not applied forms a blocking region so that the parallax barrier PDLC layer 620 serves as a parallax barrier.

In addition, when an electric field is applied to the entire area, the entire area becomes a transmissive area so that the blocking area is removed, so that the display is displayed in 2D instead of 3D. Thus, 2D and 3D can be mutually converted through electric field control.

6 illustrates a driving method of the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, when the pixel length (interval) and the viewing distance, the distance of the parallax barrier PDLC layer, and the distance between the left eye and the right eye are determined in order to implement a stereoscopic image display, the width of the parallax barrier is determined so that the transmission is performed according to the predetermined width. By setting an area and a blocking area, and controlling electric field application according to the transmission area and the blocking area, a parallax barrier can be realized. As a result, the two-dimensional image generated from the lower image display panel is viewed by the parallax barrier PDLC panel so that the eyes of the left and right eyes are different from each other, and when the two images are transmitted to the brain through the retina, the brain recognizes them. The 3D image is reproduced as a 3D image by reproducing a sense of depth and reality.

Although the detailed description of the present invention described above has been described with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and those skilled in the art will appreciate It will be understood that various modifications and changes can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

1 illustrates an implementation principle of a conventional parallax barrier method.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a conventional parallax barrier type stereoscopic image display device.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4A illustrates a driving state of a white state of a stereoscopic image display apparatus, and FIG. 4B illustrates a driving state of a dark state.

Figure 5 shows the driving of the parallax barrier PDLC panel mixed with black dye for the parallax barrier according to the present invention.

6 illustrates the principle of driving the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention.

* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10: backlight unit 50: image display panel

510: first polarizing plate 520: first substrate

530: RGB PDLC layer 540: second substrate

550: second polarizing plate 60: parallax barrier panel

610: first film 620: parallax barrier PDLC layer

630: second film

Claims (10)

An image display panel displaying an image; And a parallax barrier panel formed on the image display panel and having a parallax barrier PDLC layer in which black dichroic dyes are mixed between the films. The method of claim 1, The image display panel A first substrate; An RGB PDLC layer formed of a mixture of liquid crystal, a polymer material, and a pigment on the first substrate; A second substrate formed on the RGB PDLC layer; A first polarizing plate formed under the first substrate; And a second polarizer formed on the second substrate. The method of claim 1, The parallax barrier panel A first film; A parallax barrier PDLC layer formed of a mixture of a black dichroic dye, a liquid crystal, and a polymer material on the first film; And a second film formed on the parallax barrier PDLC layer. The method of claim 3,        The first and second film is 3D image display device, characterized in that the glass or plastic substrate or film form. The method of claim 4, wherein The first and second film is And a patterned transparent electrode. The method of claim 5, The transparent electrode A three-dimensional image display device characterized in that the indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). The method of claim 3, The parallax barrier PDLC panel Where the electric field is formed, the liquid crystal and the black dye in the droplets are aligned in the direction of the electric field, indicating a transparent state, and in the part where the electric field is not formed, the liquid crystal and the black dye are disorderly in the droplets. A stereoscopic image display device, characterized in that the parallax barrier is realized by adjusting the electric field by displaying black. The method of claim 3, The parallax barrier PDLC panel 3. The stereoscopic image display device of claim 1, wherein when the electric field is applied to the entire region, the entire region is transparent and the parallax barrier is removed to switch from 3D to 2D. In the stereoscopic image display device manufacturing method, Preparing an image display panel; And forming a parallax barrier panel formed on the image display panel and having a parallax barrier PDLC layer in which black dye is mixed between the films. The method of claim 9, The parallax barrier panel Preparing a first film patterned with a transparent electrode; Mixing the black dye, the liquid crystal, and the polymer material in a proportion; Simultaneously applying high frequency vibration and heat to the mixed material in a stirrer to have a uniform dispersion property; Depositing the mixed material on the first film using any one of a coating patterning method, a screen pattern printing method, and an inkjet printing method; Forming droplets by curing using any one method selected from a SIP method using a solvent, a TIPS method using heat, and a PIPS method using UV; Forming a second film patterned by the transparent electrode.

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