KR20100001059A - Nano-fiber wallpaper with nano silver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Nano-fiber wallpaper including nano-silver particles is provided to manufacture functional wallpaper having drastically good antibacterial effects by securing the surface of the nano-silver particles which are not contaminated. CONSTITUTION: Functional wallpaper includes surface paper and a nanofiber layer. The nanofiber layer is formed on the top of the surface paper. The nanofiber layer consists of nanofibers including nano-silver particles. The nano-silver particles are dispersed inside and outside of the nanofibers evenly. The functional wallpaper further includes a first adhesive layer formed between the surface layer and the nanofiber layer. The thickness of the nanofiber layer is 1 ~ 100 μm. The nano-silver particles are included in the nanofibers consisting of polymer resin(201).

Description

Nano-fiber wallpaper with nano silver}

The present invention relates to a functional wallpaper consisting of a nanofiber layer containing silver nanoparticles. Specifically, the nanofiber layer is formed on the surface paper, and the nanofibers constituting the nanofiber layer relates to a functional wallpaper comprising silver nanoparticles.

In general, wallpaper is a living material having a primary function of design for aesthetics of a living space and additional functions such as antibacterial, deodorization, air purification, and electromagnetic wave prevention. Wallpapers with such additional functions are generally called functional wallpaper, and various functional materials have been developed. Recently, with the improvement of living standards, the desire for a healthy life increases, and the health-related industry is rapidly developing, and various products using nano silver particles, which are known to have a function of suppressing harmful microorganisms in the residential environment, are marketed. Is being released to. It is known that silver is harmless to the human body and inhibits hundreds of bacteria and fungi. Especially, silver nanoparticles manufactured to have a diameter of nanometers have been reported to maximize the antibacterial effect. The reason why silver has such an antimicrobial effect is as follows. Bacteria or viruses are composed of proteins, and when silver is bound to the -SH group of the double protein cysteine, it is converted into a sulfur compound to suppress reproduction. Patent No. 0643633 discloses a fabric wall paper manufactured by applying a coating liquid mixed with a functional material and a flame retardant on an upper surface of a release paper, and applying an adhesive to the upper surface of the coating solution to bond the fabric and the release paper. It is presented to select silver nanoparticles. However, the textile wallpaper of the registered patent has a problem that it is difficult to anticipate antibacterial activity because the silver nanoparticles are mixed with polyurethane, which is a coating solution, so that the surface of the silver nanoparticles is exposed in the air.

Various methods have been proposed regarding the method of manufacturing the nanofibers applied to the present invention. In general, nanofibers means fibers in which the average diameter of the fiber diameter is 50 to 1,000 nm, which is the same for nanofibers that may or may be produced according to the present invention. Nanofibers can be prepared by electrospinning a spinning solution or spinning melt comprising a polymer. Various technologies for the production of nanofibers have been developed so far, but they can be broadly classified into a case using top-down electrospinning and a bottom-up electrospinning. Electrospinning is a manufacturing method in which a spinning solution is supplied through a spinning nozzle and a collector is installed in an opposite direction, and a high voltage of several tens of kV is applied to the spinning space therebetween, whereby the spinning solution is stretched in the spinning space to form nanofibers. Say. By such a manufacturing method it is to produce a nanofiber having a predetermined range of diameter.

As shown in Figure 1a, the top-down electrospinning device is characterized in that the spinneret is located above and the collector is located below. Looking at the configuration of the top-down electrospinning device in more detail as follows. The top-down electrospinning device is a nozzle block in which a spinning solution tank for storing spinning solution (not shown), a metering pump (not shown) for constant supply of spinning solution, and a plurality of spinning nozzles 101 for discharging spinning solution are arranged. 102 and a collector 103 for integrating fibers that are positioned below the nozzle and a voltage generator (not shown) for generating a voltage. Using this top-down electrospinning device, the supply of the spinning solution is performed through the spinning nozzle 101, and the spinning solution is spun in the direction of the collector 103 to which the high voltage is applied to the nanofibers 105 on the substrate 104. Is prepared. The electrospinning apparatus can obtain desired nanofiber properties by controlling various process factors such as the structure of the nozzle, the method of supplying the spinning solution, the configuration of the spinning space, and the range of the applied high voltage.

1b shows a bottom up electrospinning apparatus. Bottom-up electrospinning is a technique developed to solve the drop net (droplet) phenomenon that the radiation solution falls in the form of water droplets, which can be a problem in the top-down electrospinning apparatus. The structural characteristics of the bottom-up electrospinning device generally correspond to the structure in which the top-down electrospinning device is arranged in the vertical direction. Detailed description of the structure and operation principle of the bottom-up electrospinning apparatus will be omitted.

The present invention proposes a functional wallpaper comprising a nanofiber layer prepared by the above-described electrospinning apparatus, and the nanofibers forming the nanofiber layer include silver nanoparticles. The functional wallpaper of the present invention has a wide surface area of silver which has antibacterial effect, and the surface of the silver is exposed to the air without being contaminated by the polymer resin. It is characterized by. In addition, silver has an electrical conductivity, and has a shielding effect against electromagnetic waves. Therefore, the functional wallpaper according to the present invention can block electromagnetic waves harmful to the human body, and can prevent the eavesdropping because the signal made of electromagnetic waves can be prevented from being transmitted from the inside to the outside.

An object of the present invention relates to a functional wallpaper comprising a nanofiber layer made of fibers containing silver nanoparticles, the surface area of the silver that can occur antibacterial action, and to secure the surface of the uncontaminated silver nanoparticles It is to provide a functional wallpaper with a high efficiency.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional wallpaper comprises a surface paper; And a nanofiber layer formed on the surface paper and made of nanofibers including silver nanoparticles.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silver nanoparticles included in the functional wallpaper are evenly distributed on the inside and the surface of the nanofibers.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silver nanoparticles included in the functional wallpaper are coated on the surface of the nanofibers.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional wallpaper further comprises a first adhesive layer between the surface paper and the nanofiber layer.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional wallpaper is characterized in that a protective layer is formed on the nanofiber layer.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nanofiber layer of the functional wallpaper is characterized by having a thickness of 1 to 100 µm.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silver nanoparticles of the functional wallpaper are characterized in that the surface of the silver nanoparticles exposed to the outside of the nanofibers is cleaned.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silver nanoparticles of the functional wallpaper are characterized in that the surface is cleaned.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the functional wallpaper further comprises a second adhesive layer between the nanofiber layer and the protective layer.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second adhesive layer of the functional wallpaper is partially formed on the nanofiber layer.

The functional wallpaper according to the present invention includes a nanofiber layer, and the nanofibers constituting the nanofiber layer include silver nanoparticles. Therefore, it has an antimicrobial effect by silver nanoparticles, and the surface area of silver exposed to the outside is very wide, and thus the antibacterial effect is remarkably high. Another effect of the functional wallpaper according to the present invention is the electromagnetic shielding effect. It can block the electromagnetic waves harmful to the human body emitted from various electronic devices in the room, and has the effect of preventing eavesdropping by outsiders by interfering the electromagnetic wave transmission from the room to the outside.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples presented are intended to help a clear understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the present specification, the surface paper means a substrate of a wallpaper on which a photocatalytic material may be coated. The surface paper may be directly bonded to the wall of the building, or may be bonded onto the super medium, and in some cases, may be a multi-layer structure combined with the super medium. The material of the surface paper may be various materials such as paper, fiber, and polymer resin, and is not limited to paper in a literary sense.

And nanofiber means a fiber having a diameter in nanometers as a conventional meaning, generally means a fiber having a diameter of 50 to 1000nm. The material of nanofibers means all materials that can be manufactured by electrospinning, and examples thereof include polyester resins, acrylic resins, phenol resins, epoxy resins, nylon resins, and poly (glycolide / L-locks), which are thermoplastic or thermosetting resins. Tid) copolymer, poly (L-lactide) resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl chloride resin may be any one or a composite material thereof, the nanofiber comprises silver nanoparticles.

2A and 2B are views for explaining the structure of the nanofibers constituting the functional wallpaper of the present invention and a method of manufacturing the same. As shown in FIG. 2A, the nanofibers made of the polymer resin 201 include silver nanoparticles 202. When nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles 202 are manufactured by electrospinning and used for a functional wallpaper without a separate treatment process, the surface of the silver nanoparticles exposed to the outside may be contaminated with a polymer resin. Big. In this case, since the antimicrobial activity is unlikely to occur on the surface of the contaminated silver nanoparticles, it is necessary to remove the polymer resin present on the surface through a separate treatment process. In this specification, the process of removing the polymer resin is called a cleaning process. The cleaning process can be performed in two ways. First, one of them is the partial firing method, which is a method of removing a polymer resin by reacting with oxygen in air at a high temperature. Since the polymer resin is a hydrocarbon material mainly composed of carbon and hydrogen, carbon dioxide and water are generated when reacted with oxygen at a high temperature, and carbon dioxide and water as products are evaporated to remove the polymer resin. The partial firing method may select an appropriate heat treatment temperature and heat treatment time in consideration of the amount of the polymer resin to be removed and the amount of the polymer resin to remain to maintain the fiber form. The second method is a treatment method using oxygen plasma. Since the oxygen plasma contains a large amount of highly active oxygen radicals, the oxygen radicals react with the polymer resin to produce carbon dioxide or water and then evaporate to remove the polymer resin. The oxygen plasma treatment method may be performed using a vacuum chamber or an atmospheric pressure plasma apparatus. In the case of the oxygen plasma treatment, as with partial firing, the plasma conditions or the treatment time should be appropriately selected in consideration of the amount of the polymer resin to be removed. The cleaning treatment may be performed immediately after the nanofibers are manufactured by electrospinning according to various manufacturing methods of the wallpaper, or may be performed in the final step of forming the nanofiber layer on the surface paper. When the polymer resin is removed from the surface of the silver nanoparticles through the cleaning treatment, the antimicrobial effect is increased. Since the antimicrobial action of silver occurs on the surface of silver, it is natural that the antimicrobial effect increases as the surface area of silver increases.

FIG. 2B is a block diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing nanofibers having the structure of FIG. 2A. Choose various types of polymer resins and appropriate solvents that can dissolve them and satisfy the electrospinning properties, and mix them with silver metal salts such as silver nitrate (AgNO3), silver sulfate (Ag2SO4) or silver chloride (AgCl). Prepare the solution. Subsequently, the prepared spinning solution is electrospun under constant electrospinning conditions to prepare nanofibers. Finally, the cleaning process is performed to remove the remaining polymer resin from the surface of the silver nanoparticles.

3A and 3B are views for explaining the structure of another nanofiber constituting the functional wallpaper of the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the silver nanoparticles 302 are coated on the surface of the nanofibers made of the polymer resin 301. The coating may be made only in the direction of the surface of the nanofibers, not all of the surfaces of the nanofibers due to the characteristics of the electrospray process to be described later. When nanofibers are formed on the surface paper, the surface area is remarkably increased, and since the silver nanoparticles are coated on the increased surface, the surface area of silver having an antibacterial effect is increased in proportion to this. This structure is advantageous in terms of increasing the surface area of silver than the structure shown in Figure 2a, it is possible to reduce the amount of silver nanoparticles contained in the nanofiber has an advantage in terms of manufacturing cost. The silver nanoparticles coated by the electrospray process may be cleaned to remove contaminants that may be present on the surface. In addition, the silver nanoparticles coated on the surface of the nanofibers are electrically connected to each other by intertwining nanofibers, and grounding them may have an electromagnetic wave blocking effect. The principle of electromagnetic shielding is that electromagnetic waves do not pass through the grounded conductive film and are absorbed by it and do not proceed any further. Therefore, the functional wallpaper according to the present invention can block the electromagnetic waves harmful to the human body generated from the outside or generated in another room of the room, and that the electronic signal is transmitted to the outside from the tapping device that can be installed indoors. As it can be blocked, it prevents eavesdropping.

FIG. 3B is a block diagram illustrating a method of manufacturing nanofibers having a structure as shown in FIG. 3A. The manufacturing method largely consists of preparing nanofibers by electrospinning and coating silver nanoparticles on the nanofibers by electrospinning. Electrospinning is accomplished using the top-down or bottom-up electrospinning described above. Prepare the spinning solution first for electrospinning. The spinning solution is prepared by dissolving a polymer resin in a solvent, wherein the polymer resin may be selected from various thermoplastic or thermosetting resins such as polyester resin, acrylic resin, phenol resin, and epoxy resin, and the solvent may be selected according to electrospinning conditions. Mixtures of various materials such as water, ethanol, acetic acid, dimethylformamide and the like can be selected. The prepared spinning solution is electrospun under the spinning conditions such as the specific spinning voltage, the feeding speed of the spinning solution, and the design of the spinning space to produce nanofibers. Coating of the silver nanoparticles by electrospray is made by dispersing the silver nanoparticles in a dispersion to prepare a dispersion solution and then electrospraying under constant conditions. Electrospraying is done using electrospray and the principle is generally the same as electrospinning. The injection solution in which the silver nanoparticles are dispersed is continuously supplied to the injection nozzle, and a voltage equal to or lower than that of the electrospinning is applied between the injection nozzle and the collector to give total atmosphere. At this time, the injection solution is prepared by dispersing silver nanopowder in a dispersion such as water, acetone, acetic acid, DMAc, or a mixture thereof. The solvent should be selected in consideration of the surface tension and volatility of the dispersion so as to have the best electrospray properties. The amount of silver nanoparticles dispersed in the dispersion is also a problem. Considering the effect of antimicrobial action by silver, a high concentration of silver nanoparticles is advantageous, but when the concentration exceeds 10% by weight, aggregation between silver particles occurs, rather Since the surface area is reduced, the concentration is preferably not more than 10% by weight. The size of the silver particles coated by electrospray is preferably 10 to 100 nm in consideration of the diameter of general nanofibers. In addition, a cleaning treatment may be added after the electrospray process.

4A to 4C are diagrams for describing various embodiments of the functional wallpaper of the present invention.

4A is a diagram illustrating a wallpaper in which a nanofiber layer 402 is formed on a surface paper 401. In this case, the nanofibers constituting the nanofiber layer 402 include silver nanoparticles. The surface paper 401 and the nanofiber layer 402 are bonded by the bonding force between the surface paper 401 and the nanofiber layer 402 generated during the electrospinning process without using a separate adhesive. The reason why the bonding force is generated between the surface paper 401 and the nanofiber layer 402 by the electrospinning is that the polymer resin dissolved in the spinning solution becomes solid by evaporation of the solvent after spinning and is physically bonded to the surface paper. It is also possible to manufacture the wallpaper by a method of bonding the surface paper and the nanofiber layer using such a bonding force, but a thermocompression process may be added to increase the bonding force. This thermocompression process densifies the structure of the nanofibers, making the wall paper thin and smoothing the surface of the wallpaper. However, in order for the thermocompression process to play such a role, the thermocompression process should be performed at a temperature range in which nanofibers are partially melted or glass transition can occur.

4B is a diagram illustrating a functional wallpaper in which a first adhesive layer 403 is formed on the surface paper 401 and a nanofiber layer 402 is formed on the first adhesive layer 403. The difference from the structure shown in FIG. 4A is that the first adhesive layer 403 is added between the surface paper 401 and the nanofiber layer 402. Such a structure is necessary when sufficient bonding force is not secured to function as a wallpaper between the surface paper and the nanofiber layer according to the electrospinning conditions for producing the nanofibers. The bonding structure of the adhesive and the nanofibers should ensure that a portion of the nanofibers penetrate the inside of the adhesive to maintain a bonding force while exposing a percentage of the nanofibers to the outside. Considering factors such as stability of the manufacturing process of the nanofibers by electrospinning, that is, securing the uniformity of the thickness of the nanofiber layer, the thickness of the nanofibers is generally several to several hundred microns, and preferably 1 to 100 μm. Therefore, the thickness of the first adhesive layer is preferably thinner than this. However, not all parts of the nanofibers are embedded in the adhesive layer as much as the thickness of the first adhesive layer, so that the thickness or thickness of the adhesive may be adjusted to maintain the appropriate bonding structure described above.

4C is a functional wallpaper in which a nanofiber layer 402 is formed on the surface paper 401 and a protective layer 404 is formed on the nanofiber layer 402. The nanofiber layer 402 including silver nanoparticles may be impacted such as an external rub when functioning as a wallpaper. This impact may cause some nanofibers to fall off the wallpaper. The protective layer 404 formed on the nanofiber layer 402 serves to prevent the nanofibers from polluting the room away from the wallpaper due to external impact. The protective layer 404 should have a structure that allows microorganisms such as bacteria to pass well in order to maintain antimicrobial function by silver nanoparticles. The protective layer 404 may be paper or a silk material formed with pores of a predetermined size to satisfy the above condition. The method of bonding the protective layer 404 to the nanofiber layer 402 is various, although not shown in the drawing, a separate second adhesive layer may be used, and is bonded by thermocompression bonding without using a separate second adhesive layer. It is also possible. In the case of using a separate second adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer should not be formed on the entire surface of the nanofiber layer, and should be partially formed to maintain the adhesion between the nanofiber layer and the protective layer but allow bacteria or bacteria to pass therethrough. Therefore, it may be formed in a mesh form or in a continuous dot pattern.

5A to 5D are views for explaining various manufacturing methods for manufacturing the functional wallpaper of the present invention.

5A illustrates a method of manufacturing a functional wallpaper having a nanofiber layer 506 formed on a surface paper 505. The electrospinning device includes a spinning nozzle 501, a collector 502, and a spinning space 503, and includes a roller 504 formed along the surface of the collector 502 to move the surface paper 505. In the spinning solution reservoir (not shown), a previously prepared spinning solution is stored, and a silver metal salt such as silver nitrate (AgNO 3), silver sulfate (Ag 2 SO 4), or silver chloride (AgCl) is mixed in the spinning solution. The spinning solution is supplied to the spinning nozzle 501. The surface paper 505 moves parallel to the plane of the collector 502 along the roller 504 and is electrospun in the spinning space 503 between the spinning nozzle 501 and the collector 502. The nanofiber 506 begins to be coated on the surface paper 505 by electrospinning, and the thickness of the coated nanofibers can be controlled by various process factors including the feed rate of the roller 504. The process factor may be various factors such as the transfer speed, the supply speed of the spinning solution, and the strength of the electric field formed in the spinning space. In the case of applying the electrospinning process following the electrospinning process, the silver metal salt is not contained in the spinning solution, and the electrospinning process is continued following the electrospinning.

As shown, when the surface paper 505 moves along the surface of the collector 502, the adhesive layer 507 is first formed before entering the radiation space 503. The adhesive layer 507 may be coated by the spraying device 508 of the adhesive liquid as shown, but other formation methods may be used if the adhesive layer 507 may be formed evenly on the surface of the surface paper 505. It is also possible. Various kinds of adhesives may be used. A starch glue dissolved in water, a rubber glue dissolved in gasoline, a plastic adhesive dissolved in thinner may be used, and an acrylic adhesive may be used in which a low molecular liquid phase is later polymerized by a polymerization reaction. Although FIG. 5B shows that the formation of the adhesive layer 507 and the movement of the surface paper 505 into the spinning space 503 are performed in a continuous process, the formation of the adhesive layer may be previously performed in a separate process. In this case, when silver nanoparticles are coated by electrospraying, the same electrospray process as described with reference to FIG. 5A will be added.

5C is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a functional wallpaper subjected to a thermocompression process after the nanofiber layer 506 is formed on the surface paper 505. After the nanofiber layer 506 including the silver nanoparticles is formed on the surface paper 505 by electrospinning or by electrospinning and electrospraying, the surface paper 505 on which the nanofiber layer 506 is formed is a compression roller 509. Pass). The pressing roller 509 heated to a certain degree adds an additional bonding force between the surface paper 505 and the nanofiber layer 506, and compresses the nanofiber layer 506 to reduce the distance between the nanofibers. Plays a role in densifying fibrous layer tissue. The appropriate heating temperature for the compaction roller 509 to add additional bonding force between the surface paper 505 and the nanofiber layer 506 will depend on the layer composition of the nanofiber wallpaper. In the case of the surface paper 505 and the nanofiber layer 506 alone, a heating temperature such that the nanofibers constituting the nanofiber layer 506 may be melted to a certain degree may be required, and the heating temperature to be selected may be nanofibers. Depends on its melting point. If an adhesive layer (not shown) is formed between the surface paper 505 and the nanofiber layer 506, and the melting point of the adhesive layer (not shown) is lower than the melting point of the nanofiber, the adhesive layer may be partially melted. The heating temperature of the compression roller 509 at the heating temperature may be selected. If sufficient bonding force is secured between the surface paper 505 and the nanofiber layer 506 to use as a wallpaper without using an adhesive, the pressing roller 509 serves only to make the nanofiber layer 506 tissue dense. can do. In this case, the heating temperature of the crimping roller 509 may be selected to be a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature lower than the melting point of the nanofibers.

FIG. 5D is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a functional wallpaper by winding nanofibers prepared by electrospinning in the form of a nonwoven fabric and combining them with surface paper. As shown in FIG. 5D, the nanofiber layer 506 coated on the substrate 510 is wound by the winding device 511 by separating only the nanofiber layer 506. The separation is a process of separating the nanofiber layer 506 formed on the substrate 510 by the winding device 511 with a certain degree of bonding force. Although not shown in the drawings, by attaching the wound nanofibers to the surface paper through a separate process it can be produced a functional wallpaper with a nanofiber layer formed. The separate process can be done using an adhesive or using a laminating method.

The invention above has been described in detail using the examples. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications or modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention from the presented embodiments. The scope of the present invention is not limited by this modification or modification invention, but only by the claims appended below.

Figure 1a shows a top-down electrospinning apparatus.

Figure 1b shows a bottom-up electrospinning apparatus.

Figure 2a shows the structure of a nanofiber containing silver nanoparticles, constituting the functional wallpaper of the present invention.

Figure 2b is a block diagram showing a method of manufacturing a functional wallpaper made of nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles.

3A shows the structure of nanofibers coated with silver nanoparticles, which constitutes the functional wallpaper of the present invention.

Figure 3b is a block diagram showing a method for producing a functional wallpaper made of nanofiber coated with silver nanoparticles.

4a to 4c show a cross section of the functional wallpaper according to the invention.

5a to 5d illustrate a method of manufacturing a functional wallpaper according to the present invention.

Claims (10)

Surface paper, and And a nanofiber layer formed on the surface paper and made of nanofibers containing silver nanoparticles. The functional wallpaper of claim 1, wherein the silver nanoparticles are evenly distributed on the inside and the surface of the nanofibers. The functional wallpaper of claim 1, wherein the silver nanoparticles are formed on the surface of the nanofibers. The functional wallpaper of claim 1, further comprising a first adhesive layer between the surface paper and the nanofiber layer. The functional wallpaper of claim 1, wherein a protective layer is formed on the nanofiber layer. The functional wallpaper of claim 1, wherein the nanofiber layer has a thickness of 1 to 100 μm. 3. The functional wallpaper of claim 2, wherein the silver nanoparticles are cleaned by a surface exposed to the outside of the nanofibers. The functional wallpaper of claim 3, wherein the silver nanoparticles have a cleaned surface. The functional wallpaper of claim 5, further comprising a second adhesive layer between the nanofiber layer and the protective layer. The functional wallpaper of claim 9, wherein the second adhesive layer is partially formed on the nanofiber layer.

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