KR20100000808U - Power control device using thyristor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention receives a rectifying unit for converting the AC power into direct current (or pulse); A bidirectional thyristor operated by a direct current (or pulse) voltage rectified by the rectifier; And a unidirectional thyristor driven by receiving a gate trigger voltage from the bidirectional thyristor to control a load current.

Thyristor, AC Phase Control, DC Load, DIAC, SCR

Description

Power control device using thyristors {POWER CONTROL DEVICE USING THYRISTOR}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling the operation of a load by receiving AC power, and more particularly, to a power control apparatus having a structure for controlling a current flowing in a load by using a thyristor.

Thyristors are semiconductor devices widely used in the control of AC circuits. Representative thyristors include unidirectional control devices such as silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs) and bidirectional control devices such as diacs (TRIACs) and triacs (TRIACs). Can be mentioned.

The silicon controlled rectifier SCR may control the conduction state between the anode and the cathode with a driving voltage applied to the gate electrode thereof. Typically, the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) is conductive when the potential of the gate becomes more than +0.6 V based on the cathode, and maintains the conduction state even after the gate voltage is removed. To switch from conduction to off, the anode potential must be made zero or negative.

DIAC or TRIAC is a structure in which two silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs) are connected in parallel and in parallel. It works equally well in cycles. At this time, since the functions of the positive electrode and the negative electrode are alternately performed at the same electrode, the electrode is not divided into an anode and a cathode, and is usually divided into A1 and A2.

The thyristor having the above configuration is mainly used for phase control of an AC circuit. Similarly, a three-terminal active control element, a transistor or a field effect transistor (FET), is mainly used in a DC circuit.

1 shows an exemplary AC phase control circuit according to the prior art.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the AC phase control circuit, a voltage drop is generated by a predetermined fixed resistor R1 and a variable resistor R2 connected to an AC input terminal, and an AC voltage is applied to a capacitor C1. When the voltage charged in the C1 becomes higher than a predetermined value, the DIAC D1 connected in parallel with the capacitor C1 is turned on to trigger the gate of the TRAC Q1 to trigger the trigger. The current of the AC load 10 is controlled by conducting the liquid TRIAC Q1.

In the AC phase control circuit, the charge / discharge time constant determined by the resistors R1 and R2 and the capacitor C is set so that the gate trigger is performed once within a half cycle of the AC input. Therefore, when the variable resistor R2 is adjusted, the proportional control waveform as shown in FIG. 2 can be output. In FIG. 2, graph (a) shows the input waveform of the AC power supply, and graphs (b), (c), (d) and (e) show the energization time of the AC load 10 at 25%, 50%, and 75, respectively. Output waveform when% and 100% is controlled.

 Referring to FIG. 2, an AC phase control circuit typically has a gate triggered at the same time as an AC voltage input (see FIG. 2A) when the resistance value of the variable resistor R2 is adjusted to a minimum value. AC current is continuously supplied to the AC load 10 for the entire period (0 to 180 °) (see (e) of FIG. 2), and when the resistance value of the variable resistor R2 is adjusted to an intermediate value, The gate is triggered from the middle (90 °) of the half cycle of the voltage to energize the AC load 10 from this time (see FIG. 2C), and the resistance value of the variable resistor R2 is adjusted to the maximum value. In this case, the gate is not triggered even though the entire 1/2 cycle of the input AC voltage passes.

The AC phase control circuit having the above configuration is widely used for controlling AC current flowing through a load by controlling AC phase by receiving AC power. However, the AC phase control circuit can be used only to control the operation of the AC load such as the brightness of the bulb, the temperature of the heater, the rotational speed of the AC motor, and the like. For example, the polarity is distinguished such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) or an electromagnetic actuator The operation of the direct current load has a limit that cannot be controlled.

The present invention was conceived in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a power control apparatus having a structure for controlling a direct current (or pulse) load using a thyristor.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a power control device having a structure for controlling a direct current (or pulse) load by using a thyristor, but separately controlling the energization time of the direct current (or pulse) load like an AC phase control.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention receives a rectifying unit for converting the AC power into direct current (or pulse); A bidirectional thyristor operated by a direct current (or pulse) voltage rectified by the rectifier; And a unidirectional thyristor driven by receiving a gate trigger voltage from the bidirectional thyristor to control a load current.

Preferably, the bidirectional thyristor is a die solution (DIAC), and the unidirectional thyristor is a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR).

Power control apparatus according to the present invention is a variable resistor connected between the output terminal of the rectifier and the die solution (DIAC); And a capacitor connected to the variable resistor so as to be connected in parallel with the diac (DIAC). The capacitor further includes a direct current (or pulse current) current flowing through the load by a charge / discharge time constant determined by the variable resistor and the capacitor. The energization time can be controlled.

The rectifier is preferably a bridge diode rectifier.

The present invention can divide and control the energization time of the direct current (or pulse) load by using a thyristor, thereby reducing the heat generation or power consumption in the direct current load. This invention can be usefully applied to the primary side control of the LED, electromagnet actuator, semiconductor device driving inverter.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a power control apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the power control apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a rectifier D2 for converting alternating current into direct current (or pulse current), resistors R1 and R2 connected to an output terminal of the rectifier D2, and Capacitor C1, a diac (DIAC) D1, which is a bidirectional thyristor connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, and a rectifying unit to be triggered by the diac (DIAC) D1 and connected to the DC load 100. And a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) Q1 which is a unidirectional thyristor connected to the output terminal of D2).

The rectifier D2 receives an AC power and rectifies and converts the DC power into a direct current (or pulse). As the rectifier D2, a bridge diode rectifier having a simple circuit configuration is preferably used. A pulse wave waveform including a direct current or ripple component is output to an output terminal of the rectifying unit D2. When the pulse current is output, a ripple filter including a smoothing capacitor or an inductor may be added to the output terminal of the rectifier D2 to remove the ripple component.

A voltage drop resistor portion consisting of a fixed resistor (R1) and a variable resistor (R2) connected in series is connected to an output terminal of the rectifying portion (D2), and the capacitor (C1) and the diac (DIAC) connected in parallel to each other are connected to the voltage drop resistor portion. One terminal of (D1) is connected.

The die solution (DIAC) D1 is turned on when the voltage charged in the capacitor C1 becomes a predetermined value or more. The other terminal of the DIAC D1 is connected with a predetermined protection resistor R3 and a silicon controlled rectifier SCR connected in parallel with each other.

The silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) receives the gate trigger voltage when the die solution (DIAC) D1 conducts to conduct the DC load 100. To this end, the anode terminal (or cathode terminal) of the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) Q1 and the DC load 100 are preferably connected in series.

The waveform of the gate trigger voltage for determining the energization time of the DC load 100 is the charge / discharge time constant adjustment expressed as the product of the combined resistance of the fixed resistor R1 and the variable resistor R2 and the capacitance of the capacitor C1. Controlled by

The power control device having the configuration described above is operated to control the DC load 100 by receiving AC power. The AC power input to the power control device is converted into direct current (or pulse current) by the rectifying unit D2, and then dropped by the fixed resistor R1 and the variable resistor R2 and applied to the capacitor C1. When the voltage charged in the capacitor C1 becomes higher than a predetermined value, the DIAC D1 connected in parallel to the capacitor C1 is turned on to drive the gate of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR Q1. By conducting the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) (Q1) is made to energize the DC load (100). Immediately after conduction of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR Q1, the die solution DIAC D1 is turned off and the capacitor C1 starts charging for the next operation. Meanwhile, even when the gate voltage is removed, the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) Q1 maintains the conduction state due to the operation characteristic of the thyristor, and is cut off when the anode voltage becomes 0, and the subsequent voltage is applied to the DC load 100. Even if it is applied through it, the block state is maintained, but when the die solution (DIAC) D1 is turned on, it is turned on again and the above operation is repeated.

4 shows an example in which the DC load 100 is dividedly controlled by adjusting the charge / discharge time constant using the variable resistor R2 in the power control apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the power control device, the charge / discharge time constant determined by the resistors R1 and R2 and the capacitor C is set so that the gate trigger is performed once within a half cycle of the AC input. In FIG. 4, the graph (a) shows the input waveform of the AC power supply, and the graphs (b), (c), (d) and (e) show the energization time of the DC load 100 at 25%, 50%, and 75, respectively. Output waveform when% and 100% is controlled.

Referring to FIG. 4, when the resistance value of the variable resistor R2 is adjusted to the minimum value, the gate is triggered simultaneously with the AC voltage input (see FIG. 180 °) and continuously energizing a direct current (or pulse) current to the direct current load 100 (see FIG. 4 (e)), and when the resistance value of the variable resistor R2 is adjusted to an intermediate value of 1 If the gate is triggered from the mid (90 °) of the / 2 period, the DC load 100 is energized from this time (see (c) of FIG. 4), and when the resistance value of the variable resistor R2 is adjusted to the maximum, The gate is not triggered even after the entire 1/2 cycle of the alternating voltage is passed.

As described above, the power control apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention uses the silicon control rectifier (SCR) Q1, which is a unidirectional thyristor, by using only one-way conduction characteristic of the diac (DIAC) D1, which is a bidirectional thyristor. By controlling, the energization time of the DC load 100 can be dividedly controlled.

In the above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to ordinary or dictionary meanings, but should be construed as meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.

The following drawings attached to this specification are illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the present invention serves to further understand the technical spirit of the present invention, the present invention is a matter described in such drawings It should not be construed as limited to.

1 is a circuit diagram showing an AC phase control circuit according to the prior art.

FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating an example in which an AC load is controlled by adjusting the charge / discharge time constant in FIG. 1.

3 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a power control apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a graph illustrating an example in which a DC load is controlled by adjusting the charge / discharge time constant in FIG. 3.

<Description of Major Reference Marks in Drawings>

10: AC load 100: DC load

Claims (4)

Rectifying unit for receiving the AC power to convert into a direct current (or pulse); A bidirectional thyristor operated by a direct current (or pulse) voltage rectified by the rectifier; And And a unidirectional thyristor driven by receiving a gate trigger voltage from the bidirectional thyristor to control a load current. The method of claim 1, Wherein said bidirectional thyristor is a diac (DIAC) and said unidirectional thyristor is a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR). The method of claim 2, A variable resistor connected between the output terminal of the rectifier and the die solution (DIAC); And And a capacitor connected to the variable resistor to be connected in parallel with the diac (DIAC). And the energization time of the direct current (or pulse current) flowing through the load is controlled by the charge / discharge time constant determined by the variable resistor and the capacitor. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, And said rectifier is a bridge diode rectifier.

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