KR20090113806A - Multipurpose Spreader with adjustable spreading range - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A sprayer is provided to largely expand the range between maximum spray radius and minimal spray radius. CONSTITUTION: A sprayer comprises: a hopper(50) in which insecticide is contained; a spray fan(10) which disperses the insecticide using centrifugal force; a stirrer(53) which stirs the insecticide inside the hopper; a first decelerator(20) which converts driving direction of external driving force and transfer the force to the spray fan.

Description

Multipurpose Spreader with adjustable spreading range

The present invention relates to a spreading device which is mounted on a tractor or the like and sprays by a centrifugal force of a spreading fan that rotates various spreading bodies such as compost, fertilizer or seed.

A spreader that converts the rotational force by the drive shaft into the rotational force of the circular fan and spreads the compost by using the centrifugal force according to the rotation of the circular fan has been widely used in the agricultural field after various improvements.

Referring to the tractor fertilizer and calcium chloride spreading apparatus described in the registered Utility Model No. 20-0433274, a basic structure that is mounted on the rear of the tractor and performs the stirring rotation of the hopper and the spreading of the spreading fan using the rotational power of the output shaft. The spreader of is disclosed.

In order to simultaneously drive stirrers and spreading fans having different rotational speeds with one rotational shaft, a speed reducer is necessary, in which the speed reducer is arranged inside the hopper, in particular near the exit of the hopper.

In the above structure, when the pressure of the hopper outlet portion in which the reducer is located increases, when a sticky and heavy spreading material such as compost is put into the hopper, the spreading material is not discharged smoothly and is strongly deposited at the inlet. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that periodic cleaning is inevitable during operation.

Referring to another fertilizer application for manure and manure spreader described in Registered Utility Model No. 20-0334760, in order to overcome the disadvantages of the position of the reducer in the hopper, only one orthogonal reducer is used under the spreading pan, A spreader equipped with a stirring hydraulic motor is disclosed.

In this case, the discharge of the sprayed water in the hopper is smooth, but a separate connection device for extracting the hydraulic power of the tractor must be added to drive the hydraulic motor. In this process, a load is applied to both the engine power and the hydraulic power of the tractor. As a result, there was a problem of low power and low power operation. In particular, heavy viscous sprays with high viscosity, such as compost, require considerable torque in the stirring process, so the practicality and economics of the stirring motor driven directly by the hydraulic line without a speed reducer have been questioned.

Moreover, the two disclosed technologies have a disadvantage in that the power shaft input from the tractor is connected to the main speed reducer located below the spreading fan, so that the position of the spreading fan is limited to a high state.

This is a structure in which the hopper outlet and the spreading fan must be arranged close to each other unless the hopper is placed very high, and when the hopper outlet is opened a lot, the spilled spray is affected by the weight of the sprayed water stored in the hopper. Frequently, they were stacked in the spray pan as they were.

On the other hand, referring to the spreader disclosed in Korean Utility Model Registration No. 20-0139630 as a method for adjusting the spraying position of the spreading fan, a structure for adjusting the height of the spraying position by adjusting the height of the wheel supporting the spreader was introduced. have. However, this structure can only be applied to self-propelled spreaders equipped with self-spreading power. In current spreaders which are fixedly mounted on the tractor and connected to the power shaft (PTO shaft), the fastening itself with the tractor, not the wheels, is increased. Designing with an adjustable, variable fastening structure involves significant technical and manufacturing cost issues due to the substantial body weight and sparge operating weight.

The present invention was devised to overcome all the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spreader whose spraying operation can be adjusted to suit various physical properties, for example, weight, viscosity, and scattering distance, depending on the type of spraying body. have.

In addition to the compost often sprayed for agricultural use by the present invention, chemical fertilizers, heavy or light multi-type seeds and the like to be implemented to be practically and efficiently sprayed with one spreader according to the present invention.

The main technical features of the present invention for carrying out the above object are as follows.

First, to reduce the position of the spreading blade as much as possible, change the direction of rotation of the tractor's power shaft (PTO shaft) and place the primary speed reducer on the spreading pan.

This eliminates the large volume of power train added underneath the spreading pan, allowing the spreading pan to be positioned as far down as possible in the entire spreader configuration.

The upper portion of the primary reducer is arranged by connecting the coaxial secondary reducer with a connecting shaft (for example, spline type coupling) that can adjust the distance between the reducers.

The secondary reducer transfers stirring power of different rotational speeds to the external stirring blades disposed outside the hopper and the stirrer inside the hopper.

This configuration can maximize the separation distance between the external stirring blades and the spreading pan, which means that the spreading body is dropped through the hopper outlet to the optimum position on the spreading pan.

The hopper is placed relatively higher than other spreaders, and the spreading fan is placed near the bottom of the spreader so that a sufficient space is provided between the hopper and the spreading pan as compared with the conventional spreader.

Through this, the stirring blade can be disposed outside the hopper, and compared with the conventional configuration in which the stirring blade is placed inside the hopper outlet, it prevents the spray from being entangled and deposited around the stirring radius of the stirring blade at the bottom of the hopper. Can give

In the case of attempting the configuration as described above, the upper guide plate is installed to prevent the spraying body bouncing to the surroundings while stirring outside the hopper.

Since the spreading pan, the stirring blade, and the drop height are high, the stirred spreading body falls widely in the spreading pan and the upper guide plate is guided in the intended direction.

The upper guide plate is smaller in diameter than the lower guide plate installed at the rear of the spreading pan and is attached to the shaft to induce the spreading body to fall mainly to the front center of the spreading pan.

This is an intentional design to prevent the spreading body from accumulating and accumulating in the corners of the lower guide plate.

The spreading fan according to this design can design a large radius of rotation and project the spreading body in a large area, so that the spreading range is increased and the spreading height can be lowered and spread widely in the near range.

In the following detailed description of the invention a specific design follows.

The spreader according to the present invention can project the spreader from a high point to a low point through the additional position change of the lower spreading fan and the reducer, thus greatly extending the range between the maximum spreading radius and the minimum spreading radius.

In addition, by adjusting the rotational speed of the stirring blade compared to the rotational speed of the spreading fan it is possible to control the drop zone of the spreading body on the spreading pan. This means that the present invention can be implemented in a variety of spraying characteristics ranging from the spraying characteristics to shoot far away in a narrow range to the shooting characteristics to shoot close to a wide range, it can be applied to various kinds of spraying body such as seed spraying as well as compost spraying. It works.

In order to more specifically represent the main technical features of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to an example of the present invention included in the drawings.

However, in the specific example described below, the components including the specific technical terms and the specific coupling structure combining them with each other do not limit the idea inherent in the present invention.

1 and 2 is a diagram showing the appearance of the spreader according to the present embodiment in 3D graphics. The overall structure and operation in the figure is similar to a conventional top hopper / bottom spreading fan / tractor PTO (= Power Take Off) shaft connected spreader.

The illustrated figure is explained in the order of power transmission. The power shaft (PTO shaft) of the tractor is connected to the primary reducer 20, and the primary reducer (for example, a commercial product such as a miter reducer may be adopted) transmits it by orthogonally decelerating in the up and down two directions. The hopper 50 is connected to the spreading fan 10 is attached to the disk in the lower portion, the secondary speed reducer 21 is connected to the top and the spreading body is placed thereon.

The spreading amount adjusting lever 51 and the spreading speed adjusting lever 52 are arranged at the rear of the spreader and extend long to reach the back of the tractor's driver's seat and operate these levers.

The structure supporting all of the main components is the main frame 40 and the support frame 41, the hopper support frame 42 is further formed as a support frame supported by the main frame 40.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in more detail.

Above the secondary reducer 21, the hopper outer stirring blade 11 and the hopper inner stirrer drive shaft 23 are disposed. The drive shaft for driving the hopper outer stirring blade 11 is shown in gray in the drawing, which is in the form of a hollow shaft surrounding the outer diameter of the stirrer drive shaft 23. Therefore, if the cyclone reduction gear type coaxial secondary reducer is adopted, the central axis becomes the stirrer drive shaft 23 having the maximum reduction ratio, and the rotational force of the outer side of the central axis where the center of the internal gear rotates is applied to the stirring blade 11. Can be connected to the drive shaft to drive.

Looking at the rotation speed commercialized in the power transmission system connected in this way, the power is input at a rotational speed of about 520rpm in the PTO shaft of the tractor, and the primary reducer 20 divides it up and down and the lower spreading fan 10 and the upper portion. Power is transmitted to the secondary reducer 21 at a rotational speed of about 400 rpm. The secondary speed reducer 21 receives this power and rotates about 80 rpm to the drive shaft for driving the hopper outer stirring blade 11 and around 16 rpm to the stirrer drive shaft 23 for driving the hopper stirrer 53. It is transmitting power at rotation speed.

In this process, if the reducer that can be shifted to the secondary reducer or the tractor power shaft is shifted (this process can be operated with the control lever 52, etc.), the rotational speed of the stirring blade or the spreading fan can be properly changed. .

Spreading amount control plate 54 is disposed at the upper portion of the stirring blade 11 is connected to the spreading amount control lever 51 by a connecting link. This configuration is for adjusting the discharge amount of the spreading body pouring from the hopper 50.

Next, the upper guide plate 13 is installed at the rear of the stirring blade 11, and the lower guide plate 12 is installed at the rear of the spreading pan 10 to form different guide spaces.

The configuration for supporting the first and second speed reducers is the rotary support frame 41, and the configuration for supporting the hopper is the hopper support frame 42. These support frames are connected to the mainframe 40.

Figure 4 shows an exploded perspective view of the center of the duster is the core of the present invention.

In the drawing, the secondary reducer 21 is a coaxial type reducer and a cyclone reducer may be adopted as a commercialized product. The driving force converted into two rotational speeds by the secondary reducer is partially transmitted to the hopper inner stirrer 53 located in the hopper 50, and partially transferred to the hopper outer stirring blade 11 located below the hopper 50. do.

In this process, since the hopper outer stirring blade 11 is located outside the hopper, the spreading body is spread around by the rotational force in the process of stirring the falling spraying body. It is the upper guide plate 13 that helps to properly fall to the front position of the lower spray fan 10 appropriately.

The lower guide plate 12 serves to prevent the spraying body from splashing behind the spraying pan 10. The groove formed in the middle of the guide plate is a space for introducing a PTO shaft or a power shaft that can be additionally input. (If necessary, the inlet space may be omitted in the upper guide plate.)

The cylindrical member shown in red in the figure is a variable coupling for variably connecting the first and second speed reducers 20 and 21. An axially movable variable coupling is representative of splines. For example, in FIG. 3, the fastening position of the primary reducer 20 may be moved up and down by placing a plurality of reducer fastening holes formed in the rotating support frame 41 or by forming a long hole having a long hole shape. This concept is the same in the coupling between the support that supports the stirrer drive shaft 23 and the rotary support frame 41.

If the coupling shaft 22 is designed to be axially coupled as described above, the distance between the upper stirring blade 11 and the lower spreading pan 10 may be changed. This provides an important technical meaning that the dropping distance and the drop radius of the spreading body can be changed not only by the rotational speed of the stirring blade 11 but also by the variable shaft coupling.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the central part of the present embodiment showing a completed form by assembling FIG. 4. FIG. Positioning the additional input shaft behind the upper guide plate 13 can greatly increase the stirring speed, which can also implement the operation of the first partial projection of the spreading body and the second drop.

In this figure, the connecting shaft 22 is shown only as a coaxial spline (only the distance between shafts can be adjusted), but if necessary, the connecting shaft 22 is composed of a universal joint and a flexible connecting shaft to form a coupling angle and a coupling distance. It might be designed to be variable.

This means that the secondary decelerator 21 can be tilted and disposed, and this means that the hopper tilted backward can be implemented.

Heavy and viscous spreading material such as compost has a characteristic that it is difficult to be sufficiently stirred by the stirrer 53 inside the hopper, and in addition to the stirrer inside the hopper, the stirring method of rotating the hopper itself by tilting it (for example, stirring a concrete mixer truck) If a method similar to the method can be adopted, the efficiency of agitation can be greatly increased, and the amount of spreading material deposited at the hopper inlet can be reduced.

The connecting shaft 22 may implement the spreading fan 10 and the lower guide plate 12 inclined forward, and may be used to arrange the primary reducer according to the input angle of the tractor PTO shaft.

All of these configurations are possible because the distance between the spreading pan 10 and the stirring blade 11 is far apart, and the 1st and 2nd speed reducers are arrange | positioned between them.

6 is a three side view of the present invention spreader with the main dimensions influencing the spreading range.

This embodiment in the figure has a long spreading object falling distance 30 and further has a fall distance adjusting width 31 through the connecting shaft 22 described above. This is supported by the configuration that secures the external power connection angle adjustment width 32 by configuring the portion connecting with the external power input shaft (PTO shaft) as a universal joint.

As an additional design dimension supporting the drop distance 30, the rotation diameter 34 of the upper hopper outer stirring blade is set smaller than the diameter of the spreading fan 34 at the lower side, which is the induction width of the upper guide plate. The same applies to the relationship between 36 and the lower guide plate guide width 35.

7 is a side view comparing the present spreader and the conventional spreader showing a large difference in the fall distance 30 side. Comparing the conventional spreader on the left side and the main spreader on the right side, it can be seen that there is a significant difference in the drop distance from the exit of the hopper to the projection position of the spreading fan.

Conventionally, a long falling distance 30 has not been attempted, because a sticky spreader such as compost flows down the side wall of the reducer, and when accumulated on the surface of the external power input shaft, soils such as compost are stuck in the main operation part. It was because of prejudice that it could cause malfunction.

Therefore, there have been many attempts to prevent the main gear reducer from touching the spreading bodies such as compost by installing the main speed reducer under the spray pan 10. Actually, the design of the present invention shows that the compost is simply covered by compost. Not because of this, but because of the compression pressure in the composted state.

That is, the usual sticky and viscous heavy objects are strongly deposited on the compressed portion when compressed by centrifugal force, stirring force, etc., causing malfunction, such as the first and second speed reducers of the present invention and the stirring blade outside the hopper. This means that it is difficult to actually cause such a malfunction in the place where the compression pressure does not work and simply flows down.

Therefore, not only the side effect of the spray body deposition by the arrangement arrangement of the implements for implementing the drop distance according to the present invention, but also the design freedom of arranging the hopper at various (stirrable) angles can be obtained at the same time.

8 and 9 is a diagram conceptually showing the spreading range according to the change in the falling distance and the rotational speed between the stirring blade and the spreading pan.

The red range indicated by reference numeral 60 is the falling range when the stirring blade high speed and the falling distance is large, and below 61: the spreading range when the spreading pan high speed / falling distance is large, 70: the falling range when the stirring blade low speed / falling distance is large, 71: Scattering pan low speed / falling distance Spreading range, 80: Agitator blade high speed / falling distance Small dropping range, 81: Scattering pan high speed / falling distance Small dropping range, 90: Stirring blade low speed / falling distance Small dropping range, 91 : Spreading pan can be conceptually shown as spreading range when low speed / falling distance is small.

This means that the present invention can be applied to practically various spreading bodies from sticky and heavy dung compost to small sesame seeds and the like by having a spreading range having a much greater degree of freedom than the conventional spreading fan simple shifting spreader. do.

Figure 10 is a photograph of an embodiment of the present invention in the experimental production, for example, referring to the hopper outlet portion of the upper right picture it is confirmed that the stirring blade is located outside the hopper outlet.

If you refer to the lower right picture, the support frame for fixing the primary reducer (memory reducer) does not include a separate fastening position adjustment configuration, but it can be installed with a spline or universal joint coupling shaft. It can be observed that the space between the reducers is formed.

While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

In other words, one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains may utilize the technical configuration described in the detailed description or drawings of the present invention to further implement a simple modification and simple extension design as necessary. It is also obviously included in the scope of the technical spirit inherent in the present invention.

According to the present invention, unlike the spreaders which control the spreading operation by simply adjusting the spreading fan rotation speed, in addition to the rotational speed adjustment can be applied to the spreading fan falling distance and the dropping range of the spreading body, so that different physical properties It can be effectively applied to various spreading bodies having a.

For example, sticky heavy objects such as organic compost should be projected away at high points with strong rotational force. On the other hand, small seeds, such as perilla seed and jaw, are light and disperse in nature, so that they are scattered by vigorous stirring. In this case, seeds should be dropped over a large area of the spreading pan and sown slowly from a low position.

Powder intermediate fertilizer, in its intermediate stage, requires another (e.g., intermediate form of the two properties) spreading properties. These various spreading bodies cannot be sprayed properly simply by projecting them at a fixed speed on a fixed spreading pan. The present invention can satisfactorily satisfy the spreading requirements of these various spreading bodies, which is an additional additional cost for the automatic seeding machine for small farmers in the current situation in which the automated seeding method is not properly performed in a specific farmland environment or a specific seed. That means it can be equipped without.

In particular, when spraying compost with a conventional spreader, heavy compost is strongly pressed and entangled in the vicinity of the hopper exit by its own weight. Frequently there was a need to reorganize, such as scraping off. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the problem is fundamentally solved by changing to the exposed position of the stirring blade, the convenience of managing the spreading device before and after the operation during the actual farming field is drastically increased and the actual continuous operation time is possible. Since it is greatly increased, the total work cost is reduced by increasing the continuous working time.

1 and 2 is an external perspective view of the sprayer of the present invention.

Figure 3 is an overall exploded perspective view of the present invention duster.

Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the center of the duster of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the central portion of the present invention duster.

Figure 6 is a three-side view of the present invention spreader with the main dimensions influencing the spreading range.

7 is a side view of a conventional spreader and the present invention spreader comparing the arrangement position and the height of the main drive unit.

8 and 9 is a diagram conceptually showing the spraying range according to the change in the dropping distance and rotational speed between the stirring blade and the spreading fan.

10 is a photograph taken an embodiment of the present invention during the experiment production.

* Explanation of the reference numerals for the main parts of the drawings

10: spray pan

11: Stirring wing outside hopper

12: lower guide plate

13: upper guide plate

20: primary reducer

21: secondary reducer

22: connecting shaft

23: hopper agitator drive shaft

30: spray fall distance

31: fall distance adjustment width

32: External power connection angle adjustment range

33: spreading pan diameter

34: Agitator wing diameter outside hopper

35: lower guide plate guide width

36: Induction width of the upper guide plate

40: main frame

41: rotating part support frame

42: hopper support frame

50: Hopper

51: spray rate adjustment lever

52: spray speed control lever

53: hopper inside stirrer

54: spread rate throttle

60: Falling range when the stirring blade high speed / falling distance is large

61: spreading range when the spreading fan is high speed / falling distance

70: Falling range when stirring blade low speed / falling distance is large

71: spraying range when the spreading fan low speed / falling distance

80: Falling range when the stirring blade high speed / falling distance is small

81: spreading range when the spreading fan is high / falling distance is small

90: Falling range when stirring blade low speed / falling distance is small

91: spray pan low speed / falling distance when the spray range

Claims (5)

A hopper 50 in which the spraying body is stored; A spreading fan 10 for spraying the spraying body falling from the hopper 50 using centrifugal force; An internal hopper stirrer (53) for agitating the spraying body in the hopper; And Located in the top of the spreading pan (10), the spreader comprising a primary reducer (20) for converting the drive direction of the external power to transmit to the spreading fan (10). The method of claim 1, And a secondary reducer (21) positioned above the primary reducer (20) and converting driving force from the primary reducer to the hopper inner stirrer (53). The method of claim 2, A hopper outer stirring blade (11) positioned above the secondary reducer (21) and disposed outside the lower portion of the hopper; An upper guide plate (13) surrounding a portion of the hopper outer stirring blade (11); And Sprayer further comprises a lower guide plate (12) surrounding a portion of the spraying pan (10). The method of claim 3, The upper guide plate (12) and the lower guide plate (13) is open in the spraying direction, the induction space of the upper guide plate (12) is spreader, characterized in that smaller than the guide space of the lower guide plate (13). The method of claim 4, wherein Sprayer, characterized in that between the primary reducer (20) and the secondary reducer (21) is connected to the connecting shaft (22) capable of transmitting power even if the relative position is changed between the reducer.

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