KR20090107605A - Method and device for producing cokes used in iron-refining - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method and device for producing cokes used in iron-refining are provided to improve the productivity, and workability by supplying consecutively coking coal and cokes. CONSTITUTION: The coke manufacturing method and apparatus comprises as follows. The coking chamber(2) consists of the segmented rows segmented composed of a circular. The combustion chamber(3) is formed in two parts by surrounding the coking chamber. Each temperature range is formed by the partition which is classified into the preheating zone, the first heating zones, the second heating zones, and the curing board. The main burner and the secondary burner heats to control the temperature range. The temperature range is controlled by the combustion air or the preheated combustion air through the hole of the partition(33).

Description

Method and device for producing cokes used in iron-refining

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing metallurgical coke for iron ore. More specifically, the present invention relates to a stationary coke production apparatus capable of continuously producing coke using a briquette manufactured by combining some or all of low-grade anthracite, bituminous coal, and bituminous coal.

The present inventors have already filed a coke production apparatus having a rotary furnace as a prior invention, rather than the conventional batch type coke production apparatus as a patent application 2008-22338. However, the present invention of the present invention is that the preheating-drying-heating-maturation-cooling process and the discharge process are sequentially performed according to the rotation of the rotary furnace, especially the carbonization chamber, and the heating control is performed precisely of temperature and time. It is characterized by control and continuous operation.

The present invention relates to a coke manufacturing apparatus made of a fixed device that does not move, such as the rotation of the carbonization chamber at a predetermined position, unlike the prior art of the present inventors, the interior of the fixed furnace divided into several zones (up and down) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing coke for controlling heating time and combustion temperature for each station so that heating and drying can be carried out sequentially after charging a raw material blanket.

The present invention is difficult to maintain, it is possible to avoid the cumbersome operation of the rotary coke manufacturing apparatus with precise rotation control according to time and temperature, and also to easily stop the coke production when the rotation system breaks down. The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for continuously producing coke.

Therefore, the present invention is adapted to the above-described use. After the raw coal is charged at the top of a plurality of furnaces as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 4, each zone is separately installed in the furnace. Responding to each station, supplying fuel and combustion air, gradually allowing the reaction to proceed gradually from the upper part of the furnace to the lower part of the furnace, and allowing the final cooled coke product to be discharged through the outlet of the lower part of the furnace. It is an object of the present invention to enable the manufacture of coke products.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a coke-making furnace, as shown in Fig. 1 or 2, the basic type of the furnace is circular or rectangular as in Fig. 3, each raw material is charged from the top to the bottom It is to be carbonized as it proceeds, install several fireproof partitions in the combustion chamber around each carbonization chamber, to control the temperature and fuel passage time for each temperature zone consisting of these partitions, It is configured in such a way that cooling and discharging are carried out continuously.

That is, the present invention has a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber, and in order to produce a coke product by heating and drying the raw coal charged by burner heating, the carbonization chamber is formed into a plurality of circular unit carbonization chambers or a plurality of partitioned row joints. Consists of a carbonization chamber, the wall of the carbonization chamber is composed of a conductive refractory material, and the carbonization chamber is formed to be inclined at an inclination of less than 20 ° in the downlight negotiation so that the carbonization chamber widens toward the discharge side on the charging side, The combustion chamber is formed at both sides of the carbonization chamber and formed at both sides thereof, and is composed of respective temperature zones formed of partition walls partitioned from upper to lower preheating zone, first heating zone, second heating zone, and aging zone. Temperature control by heating of a number of main burners and auxiliary burners to control the temperature from room temperature to 250 ℃, 200 ℃ ~ 650 ℃, 600 ℃ ~ 950 ℃, 900 ℃ ~ 1,200 ℃. Blowing the combustion air at room temperature or the combustion air preheated to a predetermined temperature by the plurality of ventilation holes formed in the partition to control the temperature of each temperature zone in the combustion chamber, and below the lower aging zone of the compartment combustion chamber A first cooling chamber is formed, and a second cooling chamber is formed in the coke product discharge space or a separate cooling zone, and the discharge coke product, which is not cooled to a predetermined temperature in the first cooling chamber, is discharged by an inert gas in the second cooling chamber. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION There is a need to provide a coke manufacturing apparatus and a method for producing coke, in which product coke is obtained by forced cooling.

An embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a cross-sectional view of the coke manufacturing apparatus of the present invention as an embodiment. In addition, Figure 2 or Figure 3 shows another coke production apparatus of the present invention as an embodiment.

In the longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, a circular rim having a constant width when viewed in a cross-sectional view is a carbonization chamber 2 in which raw coal is charged and carbonized and carbonized. have. The carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber are divided into a certain size so that all processes such as charging, discharging, and combustion chamber temperature control are precisely controlled. The combustion chamber 3 is provided with a plurality of combustion air intake air suction holes or air holes 32, and the ventilation holes 32 are formed in the combustion chamber wall 31 made of heat conductive refractory material. . An on-off valve (not shown) is installed in the vent to control the combustion chamber temperature for each temperature zone.

A burner device 9 is installed from the outer space of the combustion chamber 3 to radiate the flame into the combustion chamber through the vent hole 32.

The wall of the carbonization chamber 2 is composed of a carbonization chamber wall 21 which is a heat conductive refractory material, and is configured to be indirectly heated by heat transfer from the combustion chamber 3.

In FIG. 1, the upper cover of the carbonization chamber 2 is provided with a cover 4 for closing the upper portion of the carbonization chamber, and when it is opened, the raw material coal or briquette raw material is charged and the rotator arm 42 coupled to the cover 4. When the rotator 41 hinged to the rotator arm 42 and rotated to open and close the cover appropriately, the briquette raw coal is opened to the carbonization chamber 2 so that the upper chamber 43 of the carbonization chamber is opened. Allow it to be charged.

When the raw coal is charged into the carbonization chamber for the first time, it may be crushed or damaged due to the drop impact. Therefore, wood, wood chips or other combustible shock absorbing materials similar to the actual raw coal are inserted into the carbonization chamber 2 or other shock buffer bars are inserted. As soon as the raw coal is filled, it can be discharged later.

Cooling chambers 5 are installed at both lower sides of the carbonization chamber in which the raw coal is charged, and the cooling chamber walls are made of conductive refractory material, and a coke discharger 6 for discharging product coke is installed at the lower end of the carbonization chamber 2. By discharging the coke product properly dried, by forced air cooling in the discharge space (7), if necessary, the conveyor 71 is installed to transport the product coke.

As can be seen from the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 1 above, the inner combustion chamber 3, the carbonization chamber 2, and the outer combustion chamber 3 are also formed concentrically around the central circular space part. 3) A plurality of partitions 33 are formed to partition the plurality of partitions 33 connecting the carbonization chambers 2 and formed by the partitions 33 by the rotation opening and closing of the cover 4 by the rotator 41 described above. (2) Raw coal is sequentially charged and dried.

The charged briquette raw coal M is provided with a partition 35 so as to partition the temperature range in the furnace combustion chamber as shown in the longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 4. A burner is installed on the outside of this compartment of the temperature zone combustion space to facilitate management and to prevent the flame from directly hitting the walls of the carbonization chamber. When heated by the burner, it is heated and carbonized in the carbonization chamber, and aged at a high temperature heating zone (D) of about 1200 ° C. by the main burner and the auxiliary burner in the temperature range (D) of the combustion chamber shown in FIG. When heated and maintained at the station, the second heating station (B) is provided through a plurality of ventilation holes 36 formed in the donut-shaped partitions (A to C) of the heating zone of the ripening zone or the ripening table (D). The hot heating air is transferred to and transferred to the first heating zone (C) and the preheating zone (A). In each zone, a thermocouple is inserted and installed (not shown) to control temperature by temperature measurement. An auxiliary burner may be used for detailed temperature control.

The temperature-division partition partition 35 shown in FIG. 4 is omitted in FIG. 1 for convenience, but is installed in the same concept in FIG. 1, and a plurality of vent holes 36 are formed in each of the partition walls.

The carbonization chamber 2 is inclined so that the carbonization chamber wall 21 becomes wider as the carbonization chambers shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 to 4 become lower toward the lower portion thereof, and the inclination is carbonized to be 20 ° or less. Make up the room wall. The reason for giving the inclination is to prevent the hanging phenomenon caused by local overheating in the upper part of the carbonization chamber by allowing the lower discharge during the drying of raw coal quickly and smoothly. The purpose is to increase the temperature and to prevent overheating and melting. However, if the inclination exceeds 20 °, successive distillation work will not be smooth and the raw coal descent will be in poor condition.

The raw material descended to the lower part of the carbonization chamber is controlled to move or discharge the lower part to check the quality of the final product so that it can be properly charged and discharged. If the cooling rate is not reached, inert gas such as N ₂ or CO ₂ is blown into the space 7 of the lower part of the carbonization chamber, or the dried product is transferred to a conveyor by a separate external device (not shown). Forced cooling.

Temperature-based change of the raw coal by the carbonization chamber and combustion chamber apparatus is as follows.

When the raw coal is filled with carbonaceous material having a pressure resistant strength of 50 kg / cm 2 or more, and the raw coal is filled in the carbonization chamber 2 and charged, approximately 1.5 to 250 ° C. from waste gas or previously prepared at room temperature in the combustion chamber in the upper part of the coke oven. In the preheating zone (A) preheated with flue gas for ˜4 hr, the raw coal is preheated and begins to dry by moisture release. Then, the burner heating by the burner device ignited at the aging stage or the aging heat (D) gradually starts to increase the temperature in the order of each temperature range (D ~ A). In this case, the raw coal lowered through the preheating zone is heated at 200 to 650 ° C. for about 1.5 to 3 hours in the first heating zone B, which is the reaction zone, to actively release moisture in the raw coal, and the volatiles in the raw coal begin to volatilize slowly. .

Next, when the raw coal is lowered to the second heating table C, it is heated at 600 ° C. to 950 ° C. for about 1.5 to 3 hrs, and more volatile matter in the raw coal is almost volatilized. It starts to weld. When the raw coal reaches the aging stage (D), the high-viscosity material is completely deposited with the raw coal for about 1 to 3 hrs at 900 to 1,200 ° C., thereby increasing the strength and maintaining the strength, while removing almost all the volatile components and impurities. do. Finally, when the raw coal reaches the aging zone (D) of 1,100 ° C to 1,250 ° C, all volatiles are volatilized and high viscosity materials such as tar are welded to produce a sufficiently dry coke product. In this temperature range, coke products having a normal hot strength of 70 to 130 kg / cm ² which are sufficiently dried by cracking 1 to 2 hr at a constant temperature, preferably at about 1,200 ° C., are prepared. The second heating table (C) and the aging table (D) are described above. In the most active gas discharge is made is discharged out through the combustion chamber vent 32 and the exhaust gas hole (44).

In order to cool the dried coke product to 50 ° C. or less, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the cooling chamber adjacent to the carbonization chamber 2 is a first cooling chamber made of a heat conductive heat-resistant material, and the first cooling chamber is sufficiently If it cannot be cooled, it is quenched by forced cooling by inert gas here using the 2nd cooling chamber installed separately from a furnace. Here, the wall 37 in the lower part of the combustion chamber is made of a heat insulating material so as to block the heat transfer from the combustion chamber 3 in the upper part to the wall 51 of the first cooling chamber.

The reaction is preheated at room temperature to proceed to the reaction to be treated within the range of 6 ~ 15hr, preferably 6 ~ 12hr until the completion of cooling and to control the temperature and time. 6hr here. If it is less than this, the coke dryness is likely to be abnormal, and if it exceeds 15hr., The coke may be welded due to overheating of the coke if the treatment temperature is high.

According to the present invention, it is possible to continuously charge and discharge the raw coal and the coke, and to continuously dry it to obtain coke products having good productivity and workability and hot strength of 70 kg / cm 2 or more. In particular, since the raw coal is continuously lowered in a fixed facility, the facility utilization rate is excellent.

In addition, since the briquette raw coal (briquette) does not cause a violent fluid phenomenon in the coke distillation furnace of the present invention, structural defects caused by gas or air bubbles have no welding phenomenon such as briquettes and briquettes sticking together. Ejection is easy. In addition, the manufacturing process according to the present invention can freely control the temperature, charging, discharge, etc., it is possible to efficiently use all kinds of mixed briquette raw coal.

In order to describe the present invention in detail, one embodiment of the following will be described in detail.

Example

After the briquette coal briquettes having the following configuration were evenly mixed and mixed, an appropriate amount of water was added thereto, and the tar in the coal briquettes was pressed so as not to escape. Thus, 27.9 tons of raw coal having an average diameter of 61.2 mm was produced by a briquetting maker.

Table 1

The raw coal sample was charged into 15 carbonization chambers of the fixed furnace shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, and the raw coal was heated in a preheating zone (A) preheated using the heated gas, heated to 950 ° C. in the maturation zone (D). Preheating, drying, and dehydration were performed. In the preheating zone of the combustion chamber, the raw coal preheated for about 90 minutes at about 280 ° C. is placed in a first heating zone filled with inert gas, heated up to 490 ° C., and heated for about 110 minutes to discharge a large amount of gas and oil volatiles from the surface of the raw coal. Next, heated at 490 ° C. to 950 ° C. for about 140 minutes to remove impurities, volatiles, and the like, and then drastically raised the temperature to 1,100 ° C. for 30 minutes to cause a vigorous reaction. After heating and maintaining at this temperature for 30 minutes, the coal briquettes were moved to the second heating zone, which became the reaction zone, and heated sufficiently at 1,050 ° C. to cause the coal briquette reaction. Coal coal starts to soften when pyrolysis occurs at about 350 ° C, but condensation occurs when the temperature reaches 500 ° C in the aging zone, so that methane and hydrogen gas are rapidly generated and the coal is solidified in the process of converting the coal to coke. This coke is called semi-cokes in the intermediate process coke. Next, when the internal temperature reaches approximately 900 ° C to 1,200 ° C, pyrolysis and gas generation are reduced and shrinkage cracks are generated in the semi-coke, which has solidified into agglomerates.

In the present invention, the phenomenon was remarkably generated at 1,050 ° C to 1,120 ° C. For temperature control, a high temperature was installed for each temperature zone.

Finally, it is heated and maintained at 1,150 ℃ for 30 minutes to discharge all volatile components inside the raw coal, and then moved to the cooling zone to cool for 1hr.Then, the product coke is discharged through the discharger. Intensity was measured.

The average hot strength was 110.3 kg / cm ² . In addition, the air-cooled product coke was transferred to the trolley and cooled by slow cooling with a blower in a separate cooling zone to cool to about 45 ℃.

Fig. 1 shows an example of a coke manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, which is a cross-sectional view of a main coke having a furnace main body having a circular (monovalent) shape and a member thereof.

2 is a partial cutaway perspective view of a furnace 1b having a rectangular shape as an embodiment of FIG.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view (Fig. 3a) and a carbonization chamber and combustion chamber part plan view (Fig. 3b) of a coke manufacturing apparatus as still another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the partition for each temperature zone in the coke manufacturing furnace of the present invention

5 is an explanatory view of a coke manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention as an embodiment in which a plurality of cokes shown in FIG. 3A are combined;

<Key sign>

1. By coke

2 Coke production as the first embodiment

2 b. Coke production as a second embodiment

3. Carbonization room

3. combustion chamber

4. Rotator for charging raw coal

5. Cooling room

6. Ejector

7. Exhaust space

8. Low support

9. Burner

21. Outer Wall of Carbonization Room

22. Inside Wall of Carbonization Room

31. Combustion chamber wall

32. Combustion chamber air intake

33. Station dividers

34. Outer wall of combustion chamber

4. cover

41.Rotator

42. Rotator Arm

43. Charging slot

44. Gas outlet

Claims (3)

In the coke manufacturing apparatus provided with a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber and heat-drying the raw coal charged by burner heating to manufacture a coke product, The carbonization chamber is composed of a plurality of partitioned unit carbonization chambers or a carbonization chamber composed of a plurality of partitioned row joints, the wall of the carbonization chamber is made of a conductive refractory material, and the carbonization chamber is gradually discharged toward the charging side. The carbonization chamber wall is inclined at an inclination of 20 ° or less through a light negotiation. The combustion chamber is formed at both sides of the carbonization chamber and formed at both sides thereof, and is composed of respective temperature zones formed of partition walls partitioned from upper to lower preheating zone, first heating zone, second heating zone, and aging zone. Temperature control by heating a plurality of main burners and auxiliary burners to control the temperature from room temperature to 250 ° C, 200 ° C to 650 ° C, 600 ° C to 950 ° C, and 900 ° C to 1,200 ° C. By controlling the temperature of each temperature zone in the combustion chamber by blowing the combustion air at room temperature or the combustion air preheated to a predetermined temperature, sucked through A first cooling chamber is formed below the lower aging stage of the partitioned combustion chamber, and a second cooling chamber is formed in the coke product discharge space or a separate cooling zone, and the discharge that is not cooled to a predetermined temperature in the first cooling chamber. An apparatus for producing coke, in which a coke product is obtained by forced cooling by an inert gas in a second cooling chamber. The wall of the carbonization chamber adjacent to the combustion chamber is made of a thermally conductive refractory material, the wall of the cooling chamber adjacent to the carbonization chamber is made of a heat conductive heat resistant material, and the wall of the cooling chamber is An apparatus for producing coke, which is insulated from a combustion chamber lower insulation to prevent heat from the combustion chamber. In the coke manufacturing method provided with a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber, and coking the raw coal charged by burner heating to produce a coke product, The carbonization chamber is composed of a plurality of partitioned unit carbonization chambers or a plurality of partitioned row joints in a circular shape and formed of a carbonization chamber which is inclined at an inclination of 20 ° or less in a downlight negotiation. The combustion chamber is formed at both sides of the carbonization chamber and formed at both sides thereof, and is composed of respective temperature zones formed of partition walls partitioned from upper to lower preheating zone, first heating zone, second heating zone, and aging zone. Temperature control by heating a plurality of main burners and auxiliary burners to control the temperature from room temperature to 250 ° C, 200 ° C to 650 ° C, 600 ° C to 950 ° C, and 900 ° C to 1,200 ° C. By blowing the combustion air at room temperature or the preheated combustion air to a predetermined temperature to control the temperature for each temperature zone in the combustion chamber, dry distillation is completed within the range of 6 ~ 15hr. Under the lower aging zone of the compartment combustion chamber is to be cooled by a cooling chamber made of a thermally conductive heat-resistant material, and in addition to the forced cooling is possible coke production method characterized in that the continuous coke production is possible.

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