KR20090104171A - Battery charging method for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Battery charging method for electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20090104171A
KR20090104171A KR1020080029466A KR20080029466A KR20090104171A KR 20090104171 A KR20090104171 A KR 20090104171A KR 1020080029466 A KR1020080029466 A KR 1020080029466A KR 20080029466 A KR20080029466 A KR 20080029466A KR 20090104171 A KR20090104171 A KR 20090104171A
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South Korea
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battery
vehicle
low voltage
converter
high voltage
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KR1020080029466A
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Korean (ko)
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서경원
이규일
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현대자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020080029466A priority Critical patent/KR20090104171A/en
Publication of KR20090104171A publication Critical patent/KR20090104171A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A battery charging method for an electric vehicle is provided to charge a high voltage battery with an external power without the existing charger mounted on the vehicle. CONSTITUTION: A DC power supplied to a charge port of a vehicle is sensed(S12). If the DC power is sensed in the charge port of the vehicle, a low voltage DC/DC converter is turned on(S13). The low voltage DC/DC converter boosts the low voltage DC power supplied through the charge port and provides the boosted power. The charge is performed by storing the high voltage DC power outputted from the low voltage DC/DC converter in the high voltage battery.

Description

전기자동차의 배터리 충전방법{Battery charging method for electric vehicle}Battery charging method for electric vehicles {Battery charging method for electric vehicle}

본 발명은 전기자동차의 배터리 충전방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 고전압 배터리가 탑재된 연료전지 차량(연료전지 하이브리드 차량) 및 하이브리드 차량 등의 전기자동차에서 상기 고전압 배터리를 충전하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a battery charging method of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a method for charging the high voltage battery in an electric vehicle such as a fuel cell vehicle (fuel cell hybrid vehicle) and a hybrid vehicle equipped with a high voltage battery. .

연료전지(fuel cell)는 기존의 발전방식과 비교할 때 발전효율이 높을 뿐만 아니라 발전에 따른 공해물질의 배출이 전혀 없어 미래의 발전기술로 평가받고 있으며, 에너지 절약과 환경공해 문제, 그리고 최근에 부각되고 있는 지구 온난화 문제 등을 해결할 수 있는 환경친화적인 차량 동력원으로 활발히 연구되고 있다.Fuel cells are highly regarded as future power generation technologies because they have high power generation efficiency and no emission of pollutants due to power generation. Energy saving and environmental pollution problems and recent highlights It is being actively researched as an environmentally friendly vehicle power source that can solve global warming problems.

그런데 연료전지 차량에서 연료전지만을 차량 동력원으로 사용하는 경우, 차량 부하 모두를 연료전지가 담당하게 되므로 연료전지의 효율이 낮은 운전영역에서 동력성능의 저하가 발생하는 단점이 있다.However, in the case of using only a fuel cell as a vehicle power source in a fuel cell vehicle, the fuel cell is responsible for all of the vehicle loads, and thus, there is a disadvantage in that power performance is deteriorated in a low operating area of the fuel cell.

또한 높은 전압을 요구하는 고속 운전영역에서 출력전압이 급격히 감소하는 출력특성에 의해 구동모터가 요구하는 충분한 전압을 공급하지 못하여 차량의 가속성능이 저하된다.In addition, in the high-speed driving region requiring high voltage, the output characteristic of the output voltage decreases rapidly, thereby failing to supply sufficient voltage required by the driving motor, thereby degrading the acceleration performance of the vehicle.

또한 차량에 급격한 부하가 인가되는 경우 연료전지 출력전압이 순간적으로 급강하하고 구동모터에 충분한 전력을 공급하지 못하여 차량 성능이 저하될 수 있으며, 무엇보다 연료전지는 단방향성 출력특성을 가지므로 차량 제동시 구동모터로부터 인입되는 에너지를 회수할 수 없어 차량 시스템의 효율성이 저하되는 문제가 있다.In addition, when a sudden load is applied to the vehicle, the fuel cell output voltage suddenly drops and the vehicle performance may be degraded due to insufficient power supply to the driving motor. Above all, the fuel cell has a unidirectional output characteristic. There is a problem in that the efficiency of the vehicle system is deteriorated since energy drawn from the driving motor cannot be recovered.

상기와 같은 단점들을 보완하기 위한 방안으로 연료전지 하이브리드 차량이 개발되고 있다. A fuel cell hybrid vehicle has been developed as a solution to compensate for the above disadvantages.

연료전지 하이브리드 차량은 소형 차량뿐만 아니라 버스 등의 대형 차량에서 주동력원인 연료전지 외에 모터 구동에 필요한 파워를 제공하기 위한 별도 동력원으로 고전압 배터리를 탑재한 시스템이다. 첨부한 도 1은 연료전지 하이브리드 차량의 파워넷 구성도이다. A fuel cell hybrid vehicle is a system equipped with a high voltage battery as a separate power source for providing power required for driving a motor in addition to a fuel cell as a main power source in a large vehicle such as a bus as well as a small vehicle. 1 is a diagram illustrating a power net of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle.

연료전지 하이브리드 차량에는 고전압계 부품으로서 보조동력원인 고전압 배터리(메인 배터리)(11), 주동력원으로 사용되는 연료전지 스택(12), 고전압 배터리(11)와 연료전지 스택(12) 사이에 병렬로 연결되어 구동모터(15)에 공급되는 전압을 안전하게 유지되도록 하면서 고전압 배터리와 연료전지 스택의 서로 다른 출력전압의 균형을 매칭시켜주고 연료전지 스택의 잉여 전압 및 회생제동 에너지가 고전압 배터리 측에 충전전압으로 제공되도록 해주는 양방향 직류변환장치인 고전 압 DC/DC 컨버터(High Voltage DCDC Converter, HV DCDC, HDC)(13), 구동모터(15)를 회전시키기 위한 파워 모듈로 고전압 DC/DC 컨버터(13)의 출력단 및 저전압원인 연료전지 스택(12)의 출력단에 연결되어 그로부터 직류전류를 입력받아 3상 PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)을 생성하고 모터 구동 및 회생제동을 제어하는 모터 제어기(Motor Control Unit, MCU)(14) 등이 구비된다.In a fuel cell hybrid vehicle, a high voltage battery (main battery) 11, which is an auxiliary power source, a fuel cell stack 12 used as a main power source, a high voltage battery 11, and a fuel cell stack 12 in parallel as a high voltage meter component. While maintaining the voltage supplied to the drive motor 15 is securely maintained, the balance of the different output voltages of the high voltage battery and the fuel cell stack, and the surplus voltage and regenerative braking energy of the fuel cell stack is charged to the high voltage battery side High-voltage DC / DC converter (High Voltage DCDC Converter, HV DCDC, HDC) (13), a power module for rotating the drive motor (15) Is connected to the output terminal of the fuel cell stack 12, which is an output terminal of the low voltage source, and receives a DC current therefrom to generate a three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) and drive and regenerate the motor. The like (14) the motor controller (Motor Control Unit, MCU) for controlling the same are provided.

또한 구동모터의 구동전력을 제공하는 고전압 배터리와 함께 차량 전장품의 구동전력을 제공하는 저전압 배터리(보조 배터리)(16)가 탑재되고, 상기 저전압 배터리(16)에는 고전압과 저전압 사이의 출력변환을 위한 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(Low Voltage DCDC Converter, LV DCDC, LDC)(17)가 연결된다.In addition, a low voltage battery (auxiliary battery) 16 is provided with a high voltage battery providing driving power of a driving motor, and a low voltage battery (auxiliary battery) 16 providing driving power of an electric vehicle is mounted on the low voltage battery 16 for output conversion between high voltage and low voltage. Low voltage DC / DC converters (LV DCDC, LDC) 17 are connected.

상기한 고전압계 부품 및 이에 연결된 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(17), 저전압 배터리(16) 등은, 연료전지 계통을 제외하고는, 연료를 연소시켜 회전력을 얻는 내연기관과 배터리 전력으로 회전력을 얻는 구동모터에 의해 구동하는 하이브리드 차량에도 구비된다. The high voltmeter component, the low voltage DC / DC converter 17, the low voltage battery 16, and the like connected thereto, except for the fuel cell system, the internal combustion engine that burns fuel to obtain rotational power and the driving to obtain rotational power by battery power. It is also provided in the hybrid vehicle driven by the motor.

한편 상기와 같이 고전압 배터리를 구비한 연료전지 차량(연료전지 하이브리드 차량) 또는 하이브리드 차량에서 주차 중에 고전압 배터리를 충전하게 되면 수소충전과 관계없이 주행거리가 증대하는 효과를 볼 수 있다. 이를 통상 플러그인 하이브리드라고 한다.Meanwhile, when the high voltage battery is charged while parked in a fuel cell vehicle (fuel cell hybrid vehicle) or a hybrid vehicle having a high voltage battery as described above, the driving distance may be increased regardless of hydrogen charging. This is commonly called plug-in hybrid.

플러그인 차량을 구성하기 위해서는 차량에 고전압 배터리(11)를 위한 충전기(18)를 별도로 장착해야 하는데, 이 충전기를 이용해 상용 교류전원(110 ~ 220V)을 차량 플러그에 체결하여 고전압 배터리를 충전하는 기술이 개발, 적용되고 있 다.In order to configure a plug-in vehicle, a charger 18 for the high voltage battery 11 must be separately installed in the vehicle. The technology for charging a high voltage battery by connecting a commercial AC power source (110 to 220V) to the vehicle plug using the charger is provided. It is being developed and applied.

이때 충전기(18)는 도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이 고전압 배터리(11)를 충전하기 위한 적정 전압 및 전류를 설정하여 그에 따른 충전을 수행하며, 충전기를 이용해 외부전원으로 고전압 배터리를 충전함으로써 주행거리를 증대시킨다. At this time, the charger 18 sets the appropriate voltage and current for charging the high voltage battery 11 as shown in FIG. 1 to perform charging accordingly, and increases the driving distance by charging the high voltage battery with an external power source using the charger. Let's do it.

그러나 배터리 충전기(18)를 차량에 추가 장착하는 경우에는 차량 중량 및 원가가 증가하고, 차량에서 배터리 충전기를 장착할 위치를 선정해야 하는 등의 어려움이 있다.However, when the battery charger 18 is additionally mounted in the vehicle, the weight and cost of the vehicle increase, and there is a difficulty in selecting a location for mounting the battery charger in the vehicle.

따라서 본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명한 것으로서, 차량에 탑재되던 종래의 충전기 없이 외부전원으로 고전압 배터리가 충전될 수 있도록 하고, 충전기 삭제에 따른 중량 저감 및 원가 절감을 실현할 수 있도록 하는 전기자동차의 배터리 충전방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Therefore, the present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, it is possible to charge the high voltage battery with an external power source without a conventional charger mounted on the vehicle, to realize the weight reduction and cost reduction by deleting the charger Its purpose is to provide a battery charging method for an electric vehicle.

상기한 목적을 달성하기 위해, 본 발명은,In order to achieve the above object, the present invention,

(a) 차량의 충전포트에 직류전원이 공급됨을 감지하는 단계와; (a) detecting that DC power is supplied to the charging port of the vehicle;

(b) 차량의 충전포트에서의 직류전원 공급을 감지하게 되면 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터를 온 시키고, 충전포트를 통해 공급되는 저전압 직류전원을 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터가 승압시켜 제공하는 단계와; (b) turning on a low voltage DC / DC converter when the DC power supply is sensed at the charging port of the vehicle, and providing the low voltage DC / DC converter by boosting the low voltage DC / DC converter supplied through the charging port;

(c) 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터에서 출력되는 고전압 직류전원이 고전압 배터리에 저장됨으로써 충전이 이루어지는 단계;(c) charging by storing a high voltage DC power output from the low voltage DC / DC converter in a high voltage battery;

를 포함하는 전기자동차의 배터리 충전방법을 제공한다.It provides a battery charging method of the electric vehicle comprising a.

이러한 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에서, 상기 (b) 단계의 저전압 직류전원을 승압시켜 제공하는 과정은, 고전압 배터리로부터 배터리 현재 상태를 실시간으로 확인하여 그로부터 충전전압 및 전류를 설정하고 설정된 전압 및 전류를 출력하도록 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터의 동작을 제어하여 수행될 수 있다.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of providing a step-up of the low voltage DC power supply of step (b), the real time to check the current state of the battery from the high voltage battery to set the charging voltage and current therefrom and set the set voltage and current It may be performed by controlling the operation of the low voltage DC / DC converter to output.

또는 상기 (b) 단계의 저전압 직류전원을 승압시켜 제공하는 과정은, 이전 시동 오프시 저장된 고전압 배터리의 상태를 확인하여 그로부터 충전전압 및 전류를 설정하고 이어 설정된 전압 및 전류를 출력하도록 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터의 동작을 제어하여 수행될 수 있다.Alternatively, the step of boosting and providing the low voltage DC power supply of step (b) may include checking the state of the stored high voltage battery at the time of the previous start-off, setting a charging voltage and a current therefrom, and then outputting the set voltage and current. It can be performed by controlling the operation of the DC converter.

이에 따라 본 발명의 배터리 충전방법에 의하면, 차량의 충전포트를 통해 저전압에 해당하는 직류전원을 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터에 공급하고, 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터가 고전압 배터리의 상태에 따라 설정된 충전전압 및 전류에 의거 고전압으로 승압 후 출력하여 고전압 배터리를 충전시킴으로써, 차량에 탑재되던 종래의 충전기 없이 외부전원으로 고전압 배터리가 충전될 수 있도록 하고, 충전기 삭제에 따른 중량 저감 및 원가 절감을 실현할 수 있게 된다.Accordingly, according to the battery charging method of the present invention, a DC voltage corresponding to a low voltage is supplied to a low voltage DC / DC converter through a charging port of a vehicle, and the low voltage DC / DC converter is charged with a charge voltage set according to a state of a high voltage battery. By charging the high voltage battery by boosting and outputting the high voltage based on the current, the high voltage battery can be charged from an external power source without the conventional charger mounted on the vehicle, and weight reduction and cost reduction by deleting the charger can be realized.

또한 충전기가 삭제됨에 따라 충전기의 탑재 위치를 선정하거나 충전기 탑재를 위해 차량 구조를 변경하는 등의 어려움이 해소될 수 있게 된다.In addition, as the charger is deleted, difficulties such as selecting a mounting position of the charger or changing a vehicle structure for mounting the charger can be eliminated.

이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 대해 더욱 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명은 고전압 배터리의 충전방법에 관한 것으로서, 고전압 배터리가 탑재된 연료전지 차량(연료전지 하이브리드 차량) 및 하이브리드 차량 등의 전기자동 차에서 상기 고전압 배터리를 충전하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for charging a high voltage battery, and more particularly, to a method for charging a high voltage battery in an electric vehicle such as a fuel cell vehicle (fuel cell hybrid vehicle) and a hybrid vehicle equipped with a high voltage battery.

특히 본 발명에서는, 종래와 같은 고전압 배터리용 충전기를 탑재하는 대신, 주차 중인 차량의 충전포트를 통해 상용 직류전원, 예컨대 12V, 24V 또는 42V와 같은 직류전원을 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터에 공급하고, 설정된 충전전압 및 전류에 의거 고전압 배터리가 충전될 수 있도록 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터를 제어하여, 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터에서 출력되는 직류전원으로 고전압 배터리를 충전하는 플러그인 전기자동차가 구성된다.In particular, in the present invention, instead of mounting a charger for a high voltage battery as in the prior art, a commercial DC power supply, such as 12V, 24V or 42V, is supplied to a low voltage DC / DC converter through a charging port of a parked vehicle. The plug-in electric vehicle is configured to charge the high voltage battery with a DC power output from the low voltage DC / DC converter by controlling the low voltage DC / DC converter to charge the high voltage battery based on the charging voltage and the current.

첨부한 도 2와 도 3은 각각 연료전지 차량과 하이브리드 차량에서 본 발명에 따른 배터리 충전을 수행하는 구성을 나타낸 블록도이고, 도 4는 본 발명에 따른 배터리 충전 과정을 나타낸 순서도이다.2 and 3 are block diagrams illustrating a battery charging method according to the present invention in a fuel cell vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, respectively, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a battery charging process according to the present invention.

도 2를 참조하면, 연료전지 스택(12)을 포함한 연료전지 차량(연료전지 외에 추가로 고전압 배터리를 탑재하여 이를 보조동력원으로 사용하는 연료전지 하이브리드 차량)에서 차량 저전압 배터리(16)에 해당하는 외부전원, 예컨대 12V, 24V 또는 42V와 같은 직류전원을 차량 밖에서 공급받아 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(17)에 의해 고전압으로 승압시킨 뒤 고전압 배터리(11)에 충전시키는 구성이 도시되어 있다.Referring to FIG. 2, in a fuel cell vehicle including a fuel cell stack 12, a fuel cell hybrid vehicle in which a high voltage battery is mounted in addition to the fuel cell and used as an auxiliary power source, corresponds to the vehicle low voltage battery 16. A configuration in which a power source, for example, a DC power source such as 12V, 24V, or 42V is supplied from an outside of a vehicle, is boosted to a high voltage by a low voltage DC / DC converter 17, and then charged into the high voltage battery 11.

또한 도 3을 참조하면, 동일한 구성요소, 즉 고전압 배터리(21), 저전압 배터리(26), 고전압 DC/DC 컨버터(23), 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(27)를 구비한 하이브리드 차량에서 저전압 배터리(26)에 해당하는 외부전원을 차량 밖에서 공급받아 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(27)에 의해 고전압으로 승압시킨 뒤 고전압 배터리(21)에 충전시키는 구성이 도시되어 있다.Also referring to FIG. 3, a low voltage battery in a hybrid vehicle having the same components, that is, a high voltage battery 21, a low voltage battery 26, a high voltage DC / DC converter 23, and a low voltage DC / DC converter 27. The configuration of charging the high voltage battery 21 after receiving the external power corresponding to the power supply 26 from the outside of the vehicle is boosted to a high voltage by the low voltage DC / DC converter 27.

본 발명에서, 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(17,27)는, 그 기본 동작 외에 고전압 배터리(11,21)의 충전을 위해서 외부전원(12, 24, 42V 등의 직류전원)을 승압시킨 뒤 고전압 DC/DC 컨버터(13,23)를 통해 제공해야 하므로, 양방향 DC/DC 컨버터여야 한다. In the present invention, the low-voltage DC / DC converter 17, 27, in addition to its basic operation to boost the external voltage (DC power supply, such as 12, 24, 42V) for charging the high voltage battery (11, 21) high voltage Since it must be provided through the DC / DC converter (13, 23), it must be a bidirectional DC / DC converter.

상기와 같이 본 발명에서는 저전압 배터리에 해당하는 저전압의 직류전원을 공급받아 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(17,27)로 승압한 뒤 고전압 배터리(11,21)를 충전하게 되므로, 기존의 배터리 충전기를 차량에 추가 장착할 필요없이, 차량의 충전포트에 직류전원만 공급해주면 고전압 배터리를 충전할 수 있다. As described above, in the present invention, a low voltage DC power supply corresponding to a low voltage battery is supplied to boost the low voltage DC / DC converters 17 and 27, and then the high voltage batteries 11 and 21 are charged. The high voltage battery can be charged only by supplying DC power to the charging port of the vehicle without additional installation.

이때 직류의 외부전원은 일반 교류전원을 정류하여 공급할 수 있으며, 이 경우 교류전원을 정류하여 공급하는 장치를 차량 밖의 정치형으로 제작하면 되므로 차량 장착용 대비 비용을 크게 절감할 수 있다.In this case, the external DC power may be supplied by rectifying the general AC power. In this case, the device for rectifying and supplying the AC power may be manufactured in a stationary type outside the vehicle, thereby greatly reducing the cost compared to the vehicle mounting.

이하, 도 4를 참조하여 본 발명의 배터리 충전방법을 단계별로 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the battery charging method of the present invention will be described step by step with reference to FIG. 4.

본 발명의 배터리 충전 과정은 차량 제어기, 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터 제어기(이하, LDC 제어기라 칭함), 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)의 협조 제어 하에 수행될 수 있으며, 차량 제어기가 차량의 시동 오프를 감지하고(S11), LDC 제어기가 충전포트에 전원공급부의 커넥터가 체결된 뒤 저전압에 해당하는 외부 직류전원이 공급되는 것을 확인한다(S12).The battery charging process of the present invention may be performed under cooperative control of a vehicle controller, a low voltage DC / DC converter controller (hereinafter referred to as an LDC controller), a battery management system (BMS), and the vehicle controller detects a start-up of the vehicle and (S11), the LDC controller checks that the external DC power corresponding to the low voltage is supplied after the connector of the power supply unit is fastened to the charging port (S12).

이때 LDC 제어기가 전원이 공급되는 상태를 차량 제어기에 전달하고, 이에 차량 제어기가 차량의 주차상태, 즉 차량의 시동 오프 상태 및 전원이 공급되는 상 태에서 LDC 제어기를 통해 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(LDC)를 온(On) 시켜(S13) 본 발명의 충전 과정을 개시하게 된다. At this time, the LDC controller transmits a power supply state to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller transmits a low voltage DC / DC converter (LDC) through the LDC controller while the vehicle is parked, that is, the vehicle is turned off and powered. By turning on (S13) to start the charging process of the present invention.

상기와 같이 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터가 켜지고 나면 LDC 제어기는 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)을 통해 현재의 고전압 배터리의 상태를 확인하여, 이에 적합한 충전전압 및 전류를 설정한다(S14).After the low voltage DC / DC converter is turned on as described above, the LDC controller checks the current state of the high voltage battery through the battery management system (BMS), and sets the appropriate charging voltage and current (S14).

통상 배터리 관리 시스템은 배터리 셀들의 전압, 전류, 온도를 모니터링하여 저장하고, 모니터링된 배터리 상태를 시스템 제어에 이용될 수 있도록 필요로 하는 각 제어기에 전달하는 바, 본 발명에서 배터리 관리 시스템이 고전압 배터리의 현 상태를 실시간으로 확인하고 LDC 제어기가 배터리 관리 시스템으로부터 전달된 고전압 배터리의 상태를 확인하여 적합한 충전전압 및 전류를 설정한다.In general, the battery management system monitors and stores voltage, current, and temperature of battery cells, and transfers the monitored battery status to each controller that needs to be used for system control. In the present invention, the battery management system includes a high voltage battery. The LDC controller checks the current state of the battery in real time and sets the appropriate charging voltage and current by checking the state of the high voltage battery transferred from the battery management system.

여기서 고전압 배터리의 상태는 이전의 시동 오프시에 저장된 것이 사용될 수도 있다.Here, the state of the high voltage battery may be used as stored at the previous start-off.

이어 LDC 제어기는 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터의 출력전압 및 전류를 설정하여(S15) 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터의 동작을 개시하는데(S16), 동작 개시 후 LDC 제어기가 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터가 외부로부터 공급되는 저전압 직류전원을 승압시켜 설정된 전압 및 전류를 공급하도록 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터의 동작을 제어하며, 이에 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(17,27)를 통해 공급된 직류의 고전압 전기에너지가 고전압 DC/DC 컨버터(13,23)를 통해 고전압 배터리(11,21)에 저장되게 된다.Subsequently, the LDC controller sets an output voltage and a current of the low voltage DC / DC converter (S15) to start the operation of the low voltage DC / DC converter (S16). After the start of operation, the LDC controller is supplied with the low voltage DC / DC converter from the outside. Controls the operation of the low voltage DC / DC converter to boost the low voltage DC power supply to supply the set voltage and current, so that the high voltage electrical energy of the DC supplied through the low voltage DC / DC converters 17 and 27 is a high voltage DC / DC converter. It is stored in the high voltage battery (11, 21) through (13, 23).

이후 LDC 제어기가 배터리 관리 시스템을 통해 고전압 배터리(11,21)의 충전이 완료됨을 확인하게 되면 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터(17,27)의 동작을 정지시키게 된 다.After the LDC controller determines that the charging of the high voltage batteries 11 and 21 is completed through the battery management system, the operation of the low voltage DC / DC converters 17 and 27 is stopped.

이와 같이 하여, 본 발명의 배터리 충전방법에 따르면, 차량의 충전포트를 통해 직류전원을 공급하고, 이 직류전원을 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터가 입력받아 현재의 배터리 상태에 따른 충전전압 및 전류로 조정하여 출력하도록 함으로써, 기존의 배터리 충전기는 삭제될 수 있게 된다. In this way, according to the battery charging method of the present invention, by supplying a DC power through the charging port of the vehicle, the low-voltage DC / DC converter is input to adjust the charging voltage and current according to the current battery state By outputting, the existing battery charger can be deleted.

즉 기존의 차량 충전기를 삭제하고 외부의 직류전원을 공급할 수 있는 충전포트만을 구비하면 기존의 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터를 이용하여 고전압 배터리를 충전할 수 있으며, 결국 차량 충전기 삭제에 따른 원가 및 중량 저감이 가능해지고, 차량 충전기를 탑재하기 위해 탑재 위치를 선정하거나 차량 구조를 변경하는 등의 어려움이 해소될 수 있게 되는 것이다.That is, if the existing vehicle charger is deleted and only the charging port capable of supplying external DC power can be used to charge the high voltage battery using the existing low voltage DC / DC converter, resulting in cost and weight reduction due to the deletion of the vehicle charger. It is possible to solve the difficulty of selecting the mounting position or changing the vehicle structure for mounting the vehicle charger.

도 1은 연료전지 하이브리드 차량의 파워넷 구성도,1 is a configuration diagram of a power net of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle;

도 2와 도 3은 각각 연료전지 차량과 하이브리드 차량에서 본 발명에 따른 배터리 충전을 수행하는 구성을 나타낸 블록도, 2 and 3 are block diagrams showing a configuration of performing battery charging according to the present invention in a fuel cell vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, respectively;

도 4는 본 발명에 따른 배터리 충전 과정을 나타낸 순서도.4 is a flowchart illustrating a battery charging process according to the present invention.

<도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명><Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

11 : 고전압 배터리 12 : 연료전지 스택11 high voltage battery 12 fuel cell stack

13 : 고전압 DC/DC 컨버터 15 : 구동모터13: high voltage DC / DC converter 15: drive motor

16 : 저전압 배터리 17 : 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터16 low voltage battery 17 low voltage DC / DC converter

21 : 고전압 배터리 23 : 고전압 DC/DC 컨버터21: high voltage battery 23: high voltage DC / DC converter

25 : 구동모터 26 : 저전압 배터리25: drive motor 26: low voltage battery

27 : 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터27: low voltage DC / DC converter

Claims (3)

(a) 차량의 충전포트에 직류전원이 공급됨을 감지하는 단계와; (a) detecting that DC power is supplied to the charging port of the vehicle; (b) 차량의 충전포트에서의 직류전원 공급을 감지하게 되면 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터를 온 시키고, 충전포트를 통해 공급되는 저전압 직류전원을 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터가 승압시켜 제공하는 단계와; (b) turning on a low voltage DC / DC converter when the DC power supply is sensed at the charging port of the vehicle, and providing the low voltage DC / DC converter by boosting the low voltage DC / DC converter supplied through the charging port; (c) 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터에서 출력되는 고전압 직류전원이 고전압 배터리에 저장됨으로써 충전이 이루어지는 단계;(c) charging by storing a high voltage DC power output from the low voltage DC / DC converter in a high voltage battery; 를 포함하는 전기자동차의 배터리 충전방법.Battery charging method of the electric vehicle comprising a. 청구항 1에 있어서, The method according to claim 1, 상기 (b) 단계에서, 저전압 직류전원을 승압시켜 제공하는 과정은, In the step (b), the process of boosting the low voltage DC power supply is provided, 고전압 배터리로부터 배터리 현재 상태를 실시간으로 확인하여 그로부터 충전전압 및 전류를 설정하고 설정된 전압 및 전류를 출력하도록 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터의 동작을 제어하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차의 배터리 충전방법.A method of charging a battery of an electric vehicle, characterized by checking the current state of a battery from a high voltage battery in real time, setting a charging voltage and current therefrom, and controlling the operation of the low voltage DC / DC converter to output a set voltage and current. 청구항 1에 있어서, The method according to claim 1, 상기 (b) 단계에서, 저전압 직류전원을 승압시켜 제공하는 과정은,In the step (b), the process of boosting the low voltage DC power supply is provided, 이전 시동 오프시 저장된 고전압 배터리의 상태를 확인하여 그로부터 충전전압 및 전류를 설정하고 이어 설정된 전압 및 전류를 출력하도록 상기 저전압 DC/DC 컨버터의 동작을 제어하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기자동차의 배터리 충전방법. A method of charging a battery of an electric vehicle, characterized by checking the state of a stored high voltage battery at a previous start-off, setting a charging voltage and current therefrom, and then controlling the operation of the low voltage DC / DC converter to output the set voltage and current. .
KR1020080029466A 2008-03-31 2008-03-31 Battery charging method for electric vehicle KR20090104171A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100944528B1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2010-03-05 (주)인텍에프에이 Power converter apparatus for charging battery of electric vehicle and method for controlling the same
KR101303157B1 (en) * 2011-06-10 2013-09-09 엘지전자 주식회사 Electric vehicle and operating method the same
KR20140021218A (en) * 2012-08-09 2014-02-20 현대자동차주식회사 System for power supply electric field load of electric vehicle and method thereof
KR101439059B1 (en) * 2013-10-29 2014-11-04 현대자동차주식회사 Controlling method and apparatus for charging low-voltage battery
US9428122B2 (en) 2012-07-30 2016-08-30 Hyundai Motor Company Active control system for low DC/DC converter in an electric vehicle
KR101699451B1 (en) * 2015-07-29 2017-01-24 영화테크(주) Converter For High Efficiency Charger Of Sencondary Battery, Charging System Having The Same and Operating Method Thereof
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100944528B1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2010-03-05 (주)인텍에프에이 Power converter apparatus for charging battery of electric vehicle and method for controlling the same
KR101303157B1 (en) * 2011-06-10 2013-09-09 엘지전자 주식회사 Electric vehicle and operating method the same
US9428122B2 (en) 2012-07-30 2016-08-30 Hyundai Motor Company Active control system for low DC/DC converter in an electric vehicle
KR20140021218A (en) * 2012-08-09 2014-02-20 현대자동차주식회사 System for power supply electric field load of electric vehicle and method thereof
KR101439059B1 (en) * 2013-10-29 2014-11-04 현대자동차주식회사 Controlling method and apparatus for charging low-voltage battery
US9379568B2 (en) 2013-10-29 2016-06-28 Hyundai Motor Company Method and apparatus for controlling charge of a low-voltage battery
KR101699451B1 (en) * 2015-07-29 2017-01-24 영화테크(주) Converter For High Efficiency Charger Of Sencondary Battery, Charging System Having The Same and Operating Method Thereof
KR20180087117A (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-08-01 주식회사 스토리지안 Electric generating air conditioning apparatus system
WO2018139756A1 (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-08-02 주식회사 스토리지안 Power generation heater system
WO2018139755A1 (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-08-02 주식회사 스토리지안 Vehicle system having function of preventing occurrence factors of sudden unintended acceleration
CN110461631A (en) * 2017-01-24 2019-11-15 蓄积者公司 Electrification heat-producing machine system
CN114312392A (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-12 比亚迪股份有限公司 Vehicle charging device and method and vehicle

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