KR20090068723A - Main axis of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

A main shaft of a machine tool is provided to prevent the problems caused by the incorrect installation of a tool by detecting when a tool is mounted incorrectly to a spindle and stopping the operation of a machine tool or informing an operator. A main shaft of a machine tool comprises a sensor(S) installed to a cylinder block(30) to detect a main dog(41) reciprocated in the cylinder block and to generate signals, a spindle(50) installed to the inside of a main body(20) to be rotatable, a clamping set(70) arranged on the inside of the spindle to clamp or unclamp a tool, a draw bar(60) arranged on the inside of the spindle and operating together with the forward movement of a piston member(40) to operate the clamping set, a coupler(65) inserted to the outer circumference of the draw bar and operating together, a dog member(100) installed to the coupler and provided with a sub-dog(101) on the outer circumference, a first sensor(S1) arranged on one side of the main body to detect the sub-dog and to generate signals when the tool is separated from the clamping set and the draw bar is retreated completely, and a second sensor(S2) mounted to be spaced out from the first sensor in the direction of the tool to detect the sub-dog when the draw bar is retreated while the tool is mounted to the clamping set.

Description

Main axis of machine tool

The present invention relates to a spindle of a machine tool, and more particularly, to a spindle of a machine tool to be able to know whether the mounting state of the tool is normal when the tool is mounted on the spindle of the machine tool.

In general, a machine tool is provided with a spindle that is driven to rotate at high speed, one side of the machine tool is provided with a plurality of tools for selection of the machining purpose, and an automatic tool changer for automatically changing the tool is disposed .

That is, the tool selected by the automatic tool changer according to the machining purpose is automatically exchanged and mounted on the spindle.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned tools are of the HSK type, which is mounted such that the tapered surface and the cross section of the tool are in close contact with the clamping set of the spindle, thereby reducing the shaking of the tool and being able to withstand larger processing loads.

In the machine tool, the tool change is performed at a very high speed, and as an example, the time required for changing the tool may be less than 1 second, and the tool may be incorrectly mounted due to the tool change at such a high speed.

As a cause of incorrect mounting of the above-described tool, foreign substances such as chips may be caught in the cross section of the tool or spindle, or may be incorrectly mounted beyond the position of the tool.

In addition, as described above, if the machine tool is driven while the tool is incorrectly mounted, the tool may be removed from the spindle and a safety accident may occur. Also, when the spindle rotates at a high speed without the tool mounted on the spindle, the spindle may rotate. An abnormality in balance may occur and this may cause damage to a bearing or the like supporting the spindle.

On the other hand, if the machining is carried out in the state in which the tool is incorrectly mounted as described above, there is a problem that the workpiece cannot be precisely processed and even the product value of the workpiece is lost.

On the other hand, there has also been conventionally been provided means for detecting clamping / unclamping which detects clamping in the mounted state of the tool or unclamping in the non-mounted state of the tool, but this means whether the tool is mounted or the tool is empty. There is a problem in that the door machine tool is regarded as clamping even when the tool is incorrectly mounted.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a spindle of a machine tool that can detect an incorrect mounting state of a workpiece, thereby stopping the operation of the machine tool when the tool mounting state is incorrect. have.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is not limited to the technical problem mentioned above, another technical problem that is not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. There will be.

The main shaft of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the technical problem, a machine tool having a cylinder block having a piston member reciprocating therein and a main body installed on one side of the cylinder block. In the main axis of the sensor, the sensor is installed on one side of the cylinder block for detecting the main dog which is lifted from the cylinder block to generate a signal; A spindle rotatably installed in the main body; A clamping set disposed inside one side of the spindle for clamping or unclamping a tool; A draw bar disposed inside the spindle to operate the clamping set in conjunction with a forward drive of the piston member; A coupler inserted into and installed on an outer circumferential surface of the draw bar; A dog member installed at the coupler and having a sub dog formed at an outer circumference thereof; A first sensor disposed on one side of the main body and configured to detect the sub dog and generate a signal when the draw bar is retracted when the tool is removed from the clamping set; And a second sensor mounted to be spaced apart from the first sensor in the tool direction and detecting the sub dog when the draw bar is retracted with the tool mounted on the clamping set.

In addition, when the draw bar is retracted with the tool removed from the clamping set, the sub dog is positioned to face the first sensor to generate a detection signal, and when the tool is normally mounted on the clamping set, the sub The dog is positioned between the first sensor and the second sensor so that a detection signal is not generated. If the tool is incorrectly mounted in the clamping set, the sub dog is positioned to face the second sensor to generate a detection signal. It may be.

Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and the drawings.

The main shaft of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention made as described above can detect when the tool is incorrectly mounted on the spindle and stop the operation of the machine tool or inform the operator due to incorrect mounting of the tool. It is possible to prevent problems that may occur in advance.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them will be apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification. Hereinafter, a main axis of a machine tool according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is an exemplary view for explaining a main axis of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the main shaft 10 is provided with a cylinder block 30 on the upper side of the main body 20, and although not specifically shown below the main body 20, the spindle 50 may rotate by a bearing or the like. Is supported.

In addition, the spindle 50 described above is rotated at high speed by a power such as a servomotor, although not specifically illustrated.

The above-described cylinder block 30 includes a piston member 40 which is elevated by pneumatic pressure, and a main dog 41 is mounted above the piston member 40.

In addition, the above-described main body 20 or the above-described cylinder block 30 is provided with a sensor S for detecting the above-mentioned main dog 41, and the sensor S has the above-mentioned piston member 40 ascending. The completed level and the descending completed level can be detected.

In addition, a clamping set 70 for clamping or unclamping the tool T is installed in the lower side of the spindle 50 described above.

In the above-described clamping set 70, the clamping shaft 72 may be disposed inside the collet member 71 as an example, the collet member 71 may be collapsed or opened, and the clamping shaft 72 may be The upper end of the tool (T) can be inserted into the lower side inside the tubular body, and the pressure bushing 73 is mounted on the upper side of the collet member 71 by the spring 74.

In addition, the upper surface of the collet member 71 described above and the bottom surface of the pressure bushing 73 described above are configured to be in contact with the inclined conical surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the collet member 71 described above It is in contact with the inner peripheral surface and the inclined surface.

That is, the pressing bushing 73 is always pushed downward by the restoring force of the spring 74 described above, and the collet member 71 is always forced to contract in the central axis direction.

In addition, the lower inner surface of the collet member 71 and the outer circumferential edge of the clamping shaft 72 are in contact with the inclined surface. Direction, and when the aforementioned clamping shaft 72 is lowered, the collet member 71 contracts in the center direction.

In addition, the draw bar 60 of the above-described spindle 50 is arranged to be liftable, and the upper side of the draw bar 60 may receive the pressure lowered by the piston member 40 described above, and the draw bar 60 ) Is connected to the clamping set 70 described above, in particular, the lower end of the draw bar 60 is fastened to the clamping shaft 72 described above.

The draw bar 60 described above may be provided in plural, and may be configured to be separated into an upper side and a lower side, for example, to which the first and second draw bars 61 and 62 are fastened.

In addition, the coupler 65 may be mounted on the upper side of the draw bar 60, the upper portion of the coupler 65 may be mounted in the form of being inserted into the center of the piston member 40 described above, As a result, when the piston member 40 described above is lowered, the bottom of the piston member 40 is forcibly lowering the draw bar 60 by pressing the coupler 65 described above.

On the other hand, when the above-mentioned piston member 40 is raised, the piston member 40 is lifted apart from the draw bar 60, and the draw bar 60 is not shown in detail, but the restoring means such as a compression spring is used. Is moved in the upward direction.

The dog member 100 may be mounted on the outer circumference of the coupler 65 as described above, and the sub dog 101 is formed at the outer circumference of the dog member 100.

On the other hand, it has been described that the separate dog member 100 is added to and mounted on the coupler 65 described above. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and as an example, the sub dog 101 may be directly formed on the coupler 65 described above. It may be.

The first sensor S1 and the second sensor S2 are spaced apart from each other on one side of the main body 20 described above.

In particular, the above-described first sensor S1 detects the above-described sub dog 101 when the above-described draw bar 60 is raised while the tool T is removed from the above-described clamping set 70, and then receives a signal. To generate.

In addition, the above-described first sensor S1 may be disposed above the lever L1 in a state in which the tool T is normally mounted in the clamping set 70.

In addition, the above-described second sensor S2 detects the sub dog 101 when the draw bar 60 is raised while the tool T is mounted in the above-mentioned clamping set 70 to detect a signal. To generate.

In addition, the above-described second sensor S2 may be disposed above the level L2 in the state in which the tool T is removed from the clamping set 70 and disposed below the level L1. .

The signal generated by the above-described first and second sensors S1 and S2 is sent to the control unit of the machine tool, and it may be determined whether the machine tool is to be continuously operated or stopped.

1 to 3 will be described the operation of the main shaft of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is an exemplary view showing a state removed from the main shaft of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention, Figure 2 is a state in which the tool is normally mounted on the main axis of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention FIG. 3 is an exemplary view for explaining a state in which a tool is incorrectly mounted on a main shaft of a machine tool according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

The sensor S detects the main dog 41 so that only the raised state can be seen when the piston member 40 moves up and down in the piston block 30. As an example, the clamping set 70 is shown in FIG. If the tool T is removed and detected by the sensor S even though the tool T does not exist, the tool T may be clamped as if the tool T is clamped.

However, in the main shaft 10 of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, when the tool T is removed from the clamping set 70, the draw bar 60 does not exist. ), The sub dog 101 detects at the first sensor S1, and if a signal is detected at the first sensor S1, even if the piston member 40 is in the clamping position, the tool T It can be seen that is removed so that the spindle 50 prevents rotational drive.

On the other hand, when the tool (T) is normally mounted is a change in the movement distance to the rising and recovery of the draw bar 60 will be described by comparing the accompanying drawings 1 and 2 as follows.

In FIG. 1, the sub dog 101 is detected by the first sensor S1 when the draw bar 60 is raised as much as possible, but the stroke distance at which the draw bar 60 rises becomes short when the tool T is normally mounted. As a result, the sub-dog 101 is located at the normal first level L1 between the above-described first sensor S1 and the above-described second sensor S2, so that a signal is emitted from the first and second sensors S1. It does not occur.

The second level L2 shown in FIG. 2 is a level when the sub dog 101 descends as much as possible when the piston member 40 descends to unclamp the tool T. As shown in FIG.

That is, if a signal is not detected by the first and second sensors S1 and S2, it may be determined that the tool T is mounted on the clamping set 70.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when the tool T is incorrectly mounted, the draw bar 60 does not rise to the normal first level L1, and the sub dog 101 eventually stops at the second sensor S2. The signal is detected and generated, and the generated signal is transmitted to the control part of the machine tool to decide whether to stop the operation of the machine tool and send a sign to the operator so that it can be seen visually.

The audiovisual sign described above may be an alarm, a ringtone, or a warning light.

Therefore, as described above, the main shaft 10 of the machine tool according to the embodiment of the present invention can detect an incorrect mounting state of the tool T, and thus detect the incorrect mounting of the tool T. You can prevent further problems by stopping or notifying the operator.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features. will be.

Therefore, the embodiments described above are to be understood as illustrative and not restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is represented by the following detailed description, and the meaning and scope of the claims and All changes or modifications derived from the equivalent concept should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

The main axis of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention can detect an incorrect mounting state of a tool, and thus, by detecting an incorrect mounting of the tool, the machine tool may be stopped or notified to an operator, which may further cause problems. Can be prevented in advance.

1 is an exemplary view for explaining the main axis of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is an exemplary view for explaining a state in which a tool is normally mounted in the main shaft of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is an exemplary view for explaining a state in which a tool is incorrectly mounted in the main axis of the machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

(Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawing)

10: spindle 20: main body

30: cylinder block 40: piston member

41: main dog 50: spindle

60: drawbar 61, 62: first and second drawbar

65: coupler 70: clamping set

71: collet member 72: clamping shaft

100: dog member 101: sub dog

S: sensor S1, S2: first and second sensors

Claims (2)

In the main shaft of the machine tool having a cylinder block 30 having a piston member 40 reciprocating therein and a main body 20 provided on one side of the cylinder block 30, A sensor (S) installed at one side of the cylinder block (30) and detecting a main dog (41) which is lifted from the cylinder block (30) to generate a signal; A spindle 50 rotatably installed in the main body 20; A clamping set 70 disposed inside one side of the spindle 50 to clamp or unclamp a tool T; A draw bar (60) disposed inside the spindle (50) to operate the clamping set (70) in conjunction with a forward drive of the piston member (40); A coupler 65 inserted into the outer circumferential surface of the draw bar 60 and integrally interlocked with each other; A dog member 100 installed at the coupler 65 and having a sub dog 101 formed at an outer circumference thereof; When the draw bar 60 is retracted when the tool T is removed from the clamping set 70 and the draw bar 60 has been retracted, the sub dog 101 is detected to generate a signal. 1 sensor S1; And The sub dog 101 when the draw bar 60 is retracted from the first sensor S1 in the direction of the tool T and is retracted with the tool T mounted on the clamping set 70. A second sensor S2 detecting); Spindle of the machine tool comprising a. The method of claim 1,  When the draw bar 60 is retracted with the tool T removed from the clamping set 70, the sub dog 101 is positioned to face the first sensor S1 to generate a detection signal. and, When the tool T is normally mounted on the clamping set 70, the sub dog 101 is located between the first sensor S1 and the second sensor S2, and a detection signal does not occur. When the tool (T) is incorrectly mounted on the clamping set (70), the sub-dog (101) is located facing the second sensor (S2), the main shaft of the machine tool, characterized in that the detection signal is generated.

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