KR20090068697A - Stemming device for blast holes - Google Patents

Abstract

A blast hole sealing apparatus with a bidirectional wedge structure is provided to show strong sealing force to reduce blasting vibration, noise and scattering stones while improving the crushing degree of base rocks. A blast hole sealing apparatus(100) is inserted into the blast hole to seal the blast hole. The blast hole sealing apparatus comprises a top wedge(110), a bottom wedge(120) and a plurality of guide wings(121). The upper part of the top wedge is narrow and the lower part of the top wedge is wide. The upper part of the bottom wedge is wide and the lower part of the bottom wedge is narrow. The bottom wedge is formed below the top wedge. The top wedge and the bottom wedge are symmetrical. The guide wing locates the center of the top and bottom wedges at the center of the blast hole. The guide wing is protruded in a radial shape while extended along the inclined surface of the bottom wedge and the top wedge.

Description

Blaster hole sealing device {STEMMING DEVICE FOR BLAST HOLES}

The present invention relates to a blast hole closure device used in the rock blasting of various tunnels and open-air, when the explosives charged under the blast hole of the rock exploded and expanded to enhance the sealing force of the chromic material on the upper part of the explosives to improve rock crushing degree and blasting vibration It is to reduce noise, noise, and zeolite.

In general, as a method for sealing the blast hole, the blast hole is drilled, an explosive charge and a primer are mounted on the lower part of the blast hole, and the upper part is sealed with sand, stone powder, clay, etc., which are used for sealing, which is generated when the explosive is exploded. It prevents the expansion pressure from being lost to the blast hole inlet, causing the explosive energy of the explosive to be used only for rock fracture.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0467483, which is a prior art integrated in the present specification, "cancer blast sealing cap" and Korean Utility Model Registration No. 20-0290362, "Wedge-shaped plugs" are known.

The prior art proposes a method of strengthening the sealing force by expanding the sealing plug itself to increase the frictional force with the inner wall of the blast hole when the explosive lower explosives explode under pressure.

However, general materials such as rubber and plastic, which can be used as the closure cap materials of the prior arts, are pushed upwards from the inside of the perforation by the explosive pressure of the lower explosive, and the upper part is destroyed due to the friction force with the perforated inner wall. It is difficult to carry out the original sealing role as it continues to push.

As described above, since the use of the consumable closed cap having a consumable property is limited economically, it is impossible to manufacture the closed cap itself to withstand the explosive pressure of the explosive.

Therefore, the present invention does not indicate the bearing device itself, but the bidirectional wedge structure by the bidirectional wedge structure to guide the force action direction of the chromosome itself in the direction of the blast hole inner wall instead of the blast hole inlet direction so that the chromosome itself exhibits a strong sealing force To provide a blast hole closure device having a structure.

That is, the present invention relates to a blast hole sealing device used in the rock blasting of various tunnels and open-air, when the explosives charged under the blast hole of the rock exploded due to the two-way wedge structure of the blast hole sealing device to enhance the sealing force of the chromic material, In addition, it is intended to improve rock fracture and reduce blast vibration, noise, and tombstones.

In addition, the present invention can be injected into the blast hole without considering the upper and lower due to such a bidirectional wedge structure, and also to provide a blast hole closure device that the wedge center is located in the center of the blast hole itself without a separate tool.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention, in the blast hole closure device for sealing the blast hole is inserted into the blast hole, the upper wedge portion of the upper and lower down light is formed, the lower wedge portion of the upper light lower sine is formed below the upper wedge portion It features.

In the above, the upper wedge portion and the lower wedge portion is preferably symmetric with each other.

In the above, the plurality of protruding radially while extending in the vertical direction along the inclined surface so that the center of the upper wedge portion and the center of the lower wedge portion is located in the center of the blast hole It is preferable that the guide blade is formed.

In the above, the inner side is connected to the boundary portion between the upper wedge portion and the lower wedge portion, and the outer side is formed to protrude in the form of a plate from the inner side in contact with the inner wall of the blast hole is provided with a ring-shaped stop ring desirable.

In the above, it is preferable that a plurality of grooves are formed on the outside of the stop ring inward so that the stop ring can be easily bent while contacting the inner wall of the blast hole.

As described above, the present invention exerts the sealing force strengthened by the blast hole sealing device having a bidirectional wedge structure, thereby improving rock crushing degree and blasting vibration, noise, and stone monuments.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation will be described in detail based on the first embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view of a sealing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views taken along line AA and BB of FIG. 2, respectively. Is a view showing a state in which the blast hole is sealed according to the first embodiment.

The sealing device 100 is divided into an upper wedge portion 110 and a lower wedge portion 120.

The upper wedge 110 forms the form of upper and lower light, and the lower wedge portion 120 forms the upper and lower light.

In addition, the upper wedge 110 and the lower wedge 120 is symmetric with each other.

As such, the sealing device 100 has an inclined structure in the form of a two-way wedge and is symmetrical with each other, so that the direction of the sealing device 100 does not have to be taken into consideration when injected into the blast hole.

In other words, when actually used, the top and bottom of the sealing device 100 is put into the blasting hole, and thus the upper wedge 110 is not necessarily located in the upper portion, in some cases may be placed in the lower blasting hole. have.

The upper wedge portion 110 and the lower wedge portion 120 form a conical inclined structure in this embodiment, but according to the embodiment may be made of a polygonal pyramid having three or more inclined surfaces.

In addition, the upper wedge portion 110 and the lower wedge portion 120 is formed with a plurality of guide wings 111 and 121 protruding radially while extending in the vertical direction along the inclined surface (ie, the wedge surface). This is to allow the center of the upper wedge portion 110 and the center of the lower wedge portion 120 to be located at the center of the blast hole.

That is, when inserting the sealing device 100 into the blasting hole, the center of the sealing device 100 itself is guided by the guide vanes 111 and 121 without the need for a separate tool. It can always be located in the center of the blast hole. The attachment form of the guide blades 111 and 121 may be variously modified according to the embodiment.

On the other hand, the stop ring 130 is formed at the boundary between the upper wedge portion 110 and the lower wedge portion 120.

The stop ring 130 is formed in a ring shape, the inner side is connected to the boundary between the upper wedge portion 110 and the lower wedge portion 120, and protrudes in the form of a plate from the inner side so that the outer side is in contact with the inner wall of the blast hole Formed to form a ring.

The outside of the stop ring 130 is in contact with the inner wall of the blasting hole in the air decking method, etc., even if there is no color in the lower portion of the sealing device 100 can support the color of the upper.

In addition, a plurality of grooves 131 are formed on the outer side of the stop ring 130 toward the inner side so that the outer side of the stop ring 130 may be in close contact with the inner wall of the blast hole. The groove 131 serves to allow the stop ring 130 to bend easily when the stop ring 130 contacts the inner wall of the blast hole. Therefore, the diameter of the stop ring 130 is larger than the diameter of the blast hole, and the stop ring 130 is forced to be inserted into the blast hole while being slightly bent while contacting the inner wall of the blast hole, the outside of the stop ring 130 is the inner wall of the blast hole It can maintain the strong contact state.

In addition, the material of the sealing device 100 may be any one of plastic, urethane, reinforced glass fiber, etc., but is preferable in view of the economical plastic material and easy molding production.

The method of using the sealing device 100 will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

After forming a blasting hole (1) by puncturing the rock that is the object to be crushed, the explosive (10) and the explosives (10) and a primer (20) is mounted on the lower portion of the blasting hole (1), the filling material (30-1) on the upper portion, After the sealing device 100 is inserted into the upper part of the color material 30-1, the color material 30-2 is filled again.

In FIG. 5 and other drawings below, the primer line for detonating the primer 20 is omitted for convenience of understanding.

After forming the airtight structure as described above, detonating the primer 20 through the primer line causes the explosive 10 to explode to generate an inflation pressure, and the inflation pressure generated at this time is the direction of the inlet of the blast hole 1 with the weakest sealing force. By pushing up the chromic material 30-1, the expansion force is dispersed by the wedge structure of the lower wedge portion 120 of the airtight device 100 is prevented from breaking the sealing device 100 and also the chromic material 30 -1) is constricted to the wall of the blast hole (1) to exhibit a primary sealing force, and also by the wedge structure of the upper wedge portion 110 the chromosome (30-2) is confined to the wall of the blast hole (1) Since the secondary sealing force is generated, the improved sealing force is exerted.

Therefore, the expansion pressure of the explosive is not lost to the blast hole (1) due to the strong sealing force is used in all the rock crushing to increase the degree of rock crushing significantly. In addition, because the explosive energy of the explosive is used for rock crushing, the generation of blast pollution, vibration, noise and tombstones are significantly reduced.

Another method of using the closure device is described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which the sealing device 100 is used in a deck-charging method.

Deck charging method is a method to reduce the vibration and noise by igniting the explosives by using a primer with a different parallax by separating the explosives inside the blast hole by the color material.

The deck charging method is a problem of the dead pressure phenomenon that the secondary explosives do not explode due to the impact of the strong explosive pressure of the primary explosives.

In this embodiment, as shown in the drilled rock to form a blasting hole (1) to form a blast hole (1) after the explosive (10-1) and primer 20-1 is mounted on the lower part, Fill in the chromophore 30-1, insert the sealing device 100-1 in the upper portion of the chromophore 30-1, and then fill the chromophore 30-2 again, and then explode the upper portion (10). -2) and the primer 20-2, and the filling material (30-3) in the upper portion, the sealing device (100-2) is inserted in the upper portion of the coloring material (30-3), and then full color Fill with water (30-4).

As a result, the explosive 10-1 and the explosive 10-2 are separated from each other through the strong sealing force of the sealing device 100-1 and the surrounding colorants, and thus the explosion pressure of the first explosion that occurs first follows Can not be delivered to the explosives and detonator can prevent the death pressure.

7 is a view showing a state using the blast hole sealing device in the air-decks (Air-Decking) method.

In general, the air decking method forms an arbitrary air layer inside the blast hole in order to increase the upper crushing degree of the rock or reduce the explosive use amount. The air layer inside the blast hole shortens the length of the color material and decreases the amount of explosive charge. There is a problem that is difficult to obtain.

As described above, the air-decking method shortens the length of the chromium, so that the sealing force itself of the chromium is weakened and the chromium is ejected by the explosion pressure, or the rock is not crushed in the direction of the free surface due to the explosive decrease. Energy is concentrated at the weak blast inlet, causing the whole material to erupt, producing excessive vibration, noise and tombstones.

However, when the blast hole sealing device is used in the air decking method as shown in FIG. 7, this problem can be solved.

In this embodiment, as shown in the drilled rock to form a blast hole (1) by forming a blast hole (1) and then the explosive (10) and the primer 20 is mounted on the lower portion of the blast hole (1), and a certain height from the top If the airtight device 100-1 is provided spaced apart by as much, it is possible to form an arbitrary air layer.

At this time, since the stop ring 130 is formed in the sealing device 100-1, the stop ring 130 may be in close contact with the inner wall of the blasting hole 1 so that the stop ring 130 may maintain its position even in a state in which there is no color matter at the bottom.

Next, the filling device 30-1 is filled in the blast hole sealing device 100-1, and then the sealing device 100-2 is input again, and finally the filling material 30-2 is filled.

Using the blast hole sealing device (100-1,100-2) in this way can exhibit a strong sealing force that can withstand the explosion energy concentration phenomenon to the blast hole (1) in spite of the short color of the object and the reduced explosive amount, Due to such strong sealing force it is possible to reduce the occurrence of vibration, noise and tombstones that are blasting pollution that causes enormous damage to the surrounding environment.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation will be described in detail based on the second embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a perspective view of a sealing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 8, and FIGS. 10 and 11 show a C-C cross section and a D-D cross section of FIG. 9.

In this embodiment, the arrangement and the number of the guide blades (111, 121) can be modified.

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the technical spirit of the present invention may be variously modified or adjusted by those skilled in the art. If such modifications or adjustments utilize the technical idea of the present invention, they are within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention can be used to improve rock crushing degree and to reduce blast vibration, noise, and tombstone during rock blasting of various tunnels and open streets.

1 is a perspective view of a sealing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG.

3 and 4 illustrate the A-A cross section and the B-B cross section of FIG. 2,

5 is a view showing a method for sealing the blast hole according to the first embodiment,

6 is a view showing another method for sealing the blasting hole according to the first embodiment,

7 is a view showing another method for sealing the blasting hole according to the first embodiment,

8 is a perspective view of a sealing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 8;

10 and 11 illustrate the C-C cross section and the D-D cross section of FIG. 9,

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

100: sealing device

110: upper wedge 111: guide wing

120: lower wedge 121: guide blade

130: stop ring 131: groove

Claims (5)

In the blast hole sealing device for sealing the blast hole is inserted into the blast hole, the upper wedge portion of the upper side lower light is formed, the lower portion of the upper wedge portion of the blast hole sealing device, characterized in that the lower wedge portion is formed. The method of claim 1, And the upper wedge and the lower wedge are symmetrical with each other. The method of claim 1, A plurality of guide wings are formed to protrude radially while extending in the vertical direction along the inclined surface so that the center of the upper wedge portion and the center of the lower wedge portion can be located at the center of the blast hole. Blaster hole closure device characterized in that the. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Blasting hole characterized in that the inner side is connected to the boundary portion between the upper wedge and the lower wedge portion, the outer ring is formed protruding in the form of a plate from the inner side in contact with the inner wall of the blast hole to form a ring-shaped stop ring Enclosure. The method of claim 4, wherein And a plurality of grooves are formed on an outer side of the stop ring inwardly so that the stop ring can be easily bent while contacting the inner wall of the blast hole.

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