KR20090050718A

KR20090050718A - Oxygen density adjustment device for heat producing apparatus and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: KR20090050718A
Application number: KR1020070117314A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 소병완
Original assignee: 우성씨엔에스(주)
Priority date: 2007-11-16
Filing date: 2007-11-16
Publication date: 2009-05-20

Abstract

A first embodiment of the present invention includes a burner for burning fuel; An air blower which is generated as fuel is burned by driving the burner and is circulated again to supply air mixed with the waste gas supplied to the burner; A measuring device for measuring the concentration of oxygen contained in the mixed gas; And an oxygen generator driven to supply oxygen to the mixed gas when the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas measured by the measuring device is less than or equal to the set oxygen concentration.

Waste gas, oxygen concentration control, boiler

Description

Oxygen density adjustment device for heat producing apparatus and control method

The present invention relates to a heat generating device and a method capable of adjusting the oxygen concentration, and more particularly, to the waste gas generated by the combustion of oil or gas in a device such as a boiler generated in the oxygen generator in the mixed gas mixed with air The present invention relates to a heat generating apparatus and a method for adjusting an oxygen concentration in which the temperature and intensity of a flame for combustion of a fuel are controlled by supplying a high concentration of oxygen to control the concentration of oxygen.

Recently, with the development of industry and the improvement of life, the pollution problem of various wastes generated in the industrial society has been seriously raised. In particular, various waste gases and liquid pollutants and wastes emitted from power plants, steel mills, industrial complexes, waste incinerators, animal husbandry complexes, and automobiles, and various pollutions generated from wastes are serious and are polluted by developed and developing countries. Removal is recognized as a very important field for a pleasant environment.

Among them, harmful gases such as SOx, NOx, and dioxin are one of the most problematic industrial waste gases, and techniques for removing them from exhaust gases or exhaust gases emitted by various industrial fields have been tried for a long time. .

In general, a heat generating device that generates heat by burning fuel such as oil or gas in a boiler 60 installed for heating a room in a medium or large building, etc., uses indoor heat generated by burning fuel such as oil or gas. I'm heating up.

Similarly, the steam power unit, which uses the heat generated by the combustion of fuel such as oil or gas, including boilers, turbine condensers and feed water pumps, converts the liquid into a superheated steam by heating it in the boiler, and the superheated steam expands in the turbine. The turbine is rotated to generate electricity and flow into the condenser. The steam introduced into the condenser enters the tank where the river water or the cooling water is stored and contacts the introduced gas with water to purify the toxic gas included in the steam, and then introduces it into the combustion chamber where the fuel is ignited. Also, a technique for raising waste gas and recycling waste gas with air necessary for combustion of fuel has been proposed.

Such a heat generating power device for circulating waste gas such as the above simply purifies the toxic by contacting the waste gas with a simple cooling water, etc., is mixed with the air again and supplied to the combustion chamber to recycle the waste gas.

However, such a conventional technology maintains the amount of mixed gas mixed with the waste gas and air to maintain a constant ratio of the amount of air combusted to reach a set temperature, so that the amount of waste gas introduced according to the set amount of combustion air is increased. This reduces the amount of air. Therefore, in the related art, when the waste gas is increased, the amount of air decreases, which inevitably decreases the oxygen concentration. Therefore, in the related art, since the concentration of oxygen in the mixed gas flowing into the combustion chamber 51 becomes very small, the shape of the flame is unstable and the temperature does not reach the set temperature, which causes unnecessary consumption of unnecessary fuel.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to remove waste gas and air when the waste gas generated at the time of combustion of the fuel is purified, recycled and supplied to the apparatus for burning the fuel. The present invention provides a temperature control device for a waste gas circulating heat generating device and a method for maintaining the concentration of oxygen contained in a mixed gas at an appropriate concentration so as to automatically maintain the temperature and shape of a flame generated at the time of combustion of a fuel in a set range. .

The present invention includes the following examples in order to achieve the above object.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention, in the first embodiment, the oxygen concentration adjustable heat generating device includes a first supply pipe through which the waste gas is circulated and a third supply pipe through which oxygen generated from the oxygen generator is supplied; And the air blower is connected between the combustion chamber in which the burner is installed, the first supply pipe is connected to mix the air and waste gas, and the third supply pipe is connected, so that oxygen generated from the oxygen generator is connected to the mixed gas. It further comprises a second supply pipe to be mixed.

In the third embodiment, in the second embodiment, the second supply pipe is provided with a mixer in which the waste gas recycled with the air supplied from the air blower is mixed with the oxygen generator.

In a fourth embodiment, in the third embodiment, the mixer has an inlet formed in the second supply pipe in the direction of the third supply pipe and in the direction of the air blower, and the outlet thereof is connected to the combustion chamber in which the burner is installed. do.

In the fifth embodiment, in the fourth embodiment, the third supply pipe is formed with a valve for opening and closing the pipe between the oxygen generator and the mixer, the valve is opened and closed in accordance with the oxygen concentration measurement of the measurement unit It is done.

In a sixth embodiment, in the fifth embodiment, the measuring unit measures a flowmeter for measuring the flow rate of the mixed gas, a thermometer for measuring the flame temperature of the burner, and a concentration of oxygen contained in the mixed gas. Oxygen concentration meter.

In the seventh embodiment, in the control method of the heat generating apparatus for mixing and recycling waste gas generated in the combustion chamber and discharged with air, the combustion for measuring the flow rate of the waste gas recycled and setting the amount of combustion air required for the combustion of the fuel Air quantity setting step; An air supply step of generating air and mixing the waste gas and adjusting a flow rate of air generated so that the mixed gas of the air and waste gas maintains the set combustion air amount; An oxygen concentration comparing step of measuring an oxygen concentration in the mixed gas mixed with the waste gas and air and comparing whether the measured oxygen concentration matches the set oxygen concentration; When the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas is less than the set range in the oxygen concentration comparison step, the oxygen supply step of supplying oxygen to the mixed gas.

In the eighth embodiment, in the seventh embodiment, the oxygen supplying step is characterized in that the oxygen maintains the combustion reference ratio in the mixed gas.

As described above, the present invention senses the concentration of oxygen contained in the air supplied to the combustion chamber by mixing with recycled waste gas and supplies oxygen to form a flame having an appropriate intensity and temperature, thereby increasing the concentration of oxygen. There is an effect to increase the purification and combustion efficiency of the waste gas.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the heat generating apparatus and the method capable of adjusting the oxygen concentration according to the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a block diagram showing a heat generating apparatus capable of adjusting the oxygen concentration according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the heat generator capable of adjusting the oxygen concentration according to the present invention includes an oxygen generator 10 for generating oxygen, a waste gas blower 21 for sucking and recycling the discharged waste gas, and air for supplying air. A blower 22, a measurement unit 30 for measuring the flow rate of the mixed gas in which air and waste gas are mixed and the concentration of oxygen contained in the mixed gas, a fuel supply unit 40 for supplying flammable fuel, and A burner 50 for igniting fuel and a flame, a boiler 60 for generating steam pressure due to heating of the burner 50, a waste gas suction pipe 71 for sucking waste gas generated during combustion of the fuel, and a waste gas suction pipe A waste gas supply valve 711 that opens and closes 71, a first supply pipe 72 that delivers waste gas sucked from the waste gas suction pipe 71, and a second air that delivers air generated by the air blower 22. In the supply pipe 73 and the oxygen generator 10 And a third supply pipe 74 for delivering the generated oxygen, and a mixer 23 for mixing the waste gas and air. In addition, the present invention further includes an oxygen supply valve 741 for opening and closing the third supply pipe 74 and the combustion chamber 51 in which fuel is burned because the burner 50 is ignited.

The fuel supply unit 40 supplies a combustible fuel of liquid or gas to the combustion chamber 51, and the fuel supply unit 40 is connected to the fuel nozzle 41 through a fuel supply pipe. Therefore, the fuel supplied from the fuel supply unit 40 is injected into the combustion chamber 51 through the fuel nozzle 41.

The burner 50 generates a spark in the air in the combustion chamber 51 by an electrical signal, thereby igniting the fuel injected through the fuel nozzle 41, and in order to ignite the fuel by the burner 50, the combustion chamber (51) The concentration of oxygen relative to the amount of air inside shall be maintained at or above the combustion reference ratio. In addition, a mixed gas of recycled waste gas and air is introduced into the combustion chamber 51.

The boiler 60 is ignited by the burner 50 and is heated while the fuel is burned, and heats hot water for heating the inside of the steam pressure or the room with a flame caused by the combustion of the fuel.

The stack 80 discharges waste gas generated by combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber 51 through the stack connection pipe 81 to the outside. The stack connection pipe 81 is connected to the waste gas suction pipe 71.

The waste gas suction pipe 71 is connected to the stack connecting pipe 81 and the first supply pipe 72, and the waste gas discharged to the stack connecting pipe 81 is driven by the waste gas blower 21. A part or all of the waste gas discharged by the stack 80 is sucked into the first supply pipe 72 and delivered.

The first supply pipe (72) has one side connected to the waste gas suction pipe (71), and the other side is connected to the second supply pipe (73) for the waste gas delivered from the waste gas suction pipe (71) to the second supply pipe (73). To pass. At this time, the waste gas blower 21 is installed at one side of the first supply pipe 72.

The waste gas blower 21 adjusts the flow rate of the waste gas sucked through the waste gas suction pipe 71 as the rotation speed control under the control of the control unit 90 (not shown) to suck the first supply pipe 72. Waste gas is supplied to the second supply pipe (73) through.

The air supply 22 is installed at one end of the second supply pipe 73, and is connected to the combustion chamber 51 at the other side. In addition, the second supply pipe (73) is connected to the first supply pipe (72) and the third supply pipe (74), respectively, the waste gas introduced from the first supply pipe (72) and the air generated in the air blower (22) The mixed gas is mixed with oxygen delivered from the third supply pipe 74 and delivered into the combustion chamber 51.

The air blower 22 inhales outside air by rotating the blades to inject air into the second supply pipe 73, and the air blower 22 is transferred through the first supply pipe 72. The rotation speed is adjusted according to the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of the waste gas, which is controlled to generate 1 to 5 times more air than the waste gas.

The oxygen generator 10 generates oxygen and maintains the concentration of oxygen contained in the mixed gas at a combustion reference ratio relative to the mixed gas, and the second supply pipe 73 through the third supply pipe 74. Supply oxygen.

The third supply pipe 74 is connected to the second supply pipe 73 to transfer the oxygen generated in the oxygen generator 10 to the second supply pipe 73.

In addition, the oxygen supply valve 741 opens and closes the third supply pipe (74), according to the control signal of the control unit 90 according to the measurement result of the measuring unit 30 to the third supply pipe (74) Open and close. That is, the controller 90 controls the oxygen supply valve 741 to control the oxygen supply valve 741 if the concentration value of oxygen in the mixed gas is within a normal range, for example, according to the measurement signal of the oxygen concentration meter. The supply pipe) 74, or if the oxygen concentration is within the normal range, the oxygen supply valve is controlled to open the third supply pipe 74.

The mixer 23 is mixed with the air generated from the air blower in the second supply pipe (73) and the waste gas delivered from the first supply pipe (72), and flows through the third supply pipe (74). The mixed oxygen is discharged in the direction of the combustion chamber 51. To this end, the mixer 23 is installed at a portion where the third supply pipe 74 is connected through a portion where the first supply pipe 72 and the second supply pipe 73 are connected. Therefore, the mixer 23 has an inlet installed in the direction in which the air blower is positioned in the third supply pipe 74 and the second supply pipe 73 into which oxygen generated from the oxygen generator 10 flows, and the outlet Is installed in the combustion chamber 51 direction.

Therefore, the mixer 23 is installed to allow the oxygen to be mixed again while the air and the waste gas are mixed.

The measuring unit 30 measures the flow rate, temperature, and pressure in the first to third supply pipes (72, 73, 74), for this purpose, a waste gas pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the waste gas in the first supply pipe (72) ( 311, a waste gas thermometer 312 for measuring the temperature, and a waste gas flow meter 313 for measuring the flow rate. In addition, the measurement unit 30 is an air pressure gauge 321 for measuring the pressure of the air in the second supply pipe (73), an air thermometer (322) for measuring the temperature and air flow meter (323) for measuring the flow rate of the air And an oxygen pressure gauge 331 for measuring the pressure of oxygen in the third supply pipe 74, an oxygen thermometer 332 for measuring the temperature, and an oxygen flow meter 333 for measuring the flow rate. In addition, the measurement unit 30 is a mixed gas flow meter (343) for measuring the flow rate of the mixed gas flowing into the combustion chamber 51 from the second supply pipe (73), and a mixed gas thermometer (measuring gas temperature of the mixed gas ( 342 and an oxygen concentration meter 341 for measuring the concentration of oxygen.

Since the mixed gas thermometer 342 to oxygen concentration meter 341 is installed between the mixer 23 and the combustion chamber 51 in the second supply pipe 73, the mixed gas in which the air, waste gas and oxygen are mixed is used. The measurement is performed immediately before flowing into the combustion chamber 51, and the resultant signal is output to the controller 90.

The controller 90 adjusts the number of revolutions of the air blower 22 according to the measurement signals of the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the waste gas in the first supply pipe 72, thereby adjusting the mixing ratio according to the mixing ratio of air to waste gas. Adjust. That is, the controller 90 calculates the amount of air required for combustion of fuel according to a set temperature or time for heating the boiler 60 in the combustion chamber 51, and when the amount of the waste gas is increased, an air blower When the amount of air is reduced by reducing the rotational speed of the gas or the amount of the waste gas is decreased, the flow rate of the waste gas sucked by increasing the rotational speed of the air blower 22 or raising the rotational speed of the waste gas blower 21. To increase.

In addition, the controller 90 measures the concentration of oxygen in the mixed gas mixed through the mixer 23, and when the ratio of oxygen contained in the mixed gas is less than the combustion reference ratio to drive the oxygen generator 10 to the mixing Control to increase the ratio of oxygen to gas.

The present invention includes the configuration as described above, the operation of the following will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

2 is a flow chart showing a control method of a heat generating apparatus capable of adjusting the oxygen concentration according to the present invention.

Referring to Figure 2, the control method of the oxygen generator can control the oxygen concentration according to the present invention is a waste gas flow rate measuring step (S11) for measuring the flow rate of the waste gas to be recycled, and the burner 50 in accordance with the flow rate of the waste gas Combustion air amount setting step (S12) for setting the combustion air amount, the air supply step (S13) for controlling the rotational speed of the air blower 22 to supply air by the amount of air set in the air amount and mixing with the waste gas (S13), burner ( Combustion step (S14) for igniting the fuel supplied by driving 50, the oxygen concentration measurement step (S15) of the mixed gas for measuring the oxygen concentration in the mixed gas flowing into the combustion chamber 51, and the measured oxygen concentration When the oxygen concentration comparison step (S16) to compare whether is equal to the set oxygen concentration and the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas in the oxygen concentration comparison step (S16) or less than the set range, the oxygen generator 10 is driven And oxygen supplying step S17 of supplying oxygen to the mixed gas.

The waste gas flow rate measuring step S11 is a step of measuring the flow rate of the waste gas discharged through the boiler 60 through the waste gas discharged through the boiler 60. Here, the stack 80 includes a thermometer, a pressure gauge, and a flow meter (not shown), and each detection signal is output to the controller 90.

The combustion air amount setting step (S12) is a step of setting the amount of combustion air burned in the combustion chamber 51 according to the flow rate of the waste gas measured in the waste gas flow rate measuring step in the control unit 90. In general, the amount of air to be burned is set according to the temperature or size of the flame, and the controller 90 considers the set temperature and time of the boiler 60 in accordance with the temperature and time of the flame heating the boiler 60. The amount of air burned is calculated.

Therefore, the control unit 90 calculates the amount of combustion air required for heating for a predetermined time for a predetermined temperature, and accordingly the air blowers of the waste gas blower 21 and the second supply pipe 73 installed in the first supply pipe 72. By controlling the number of revolutions of 22 to maintain the set amount of air to adjust the flow rate of the mixed gas of the air and waste gas.

The air supplying step (indicated by the blowing mechanism in FIG. 2) (S13) is performed by driving the waste gas blower 21 under the control of the controller 90 to suck the waste gas discharged through the boiler 60. Recirculating through the supply pipe 72, the air blower generates air in accordance with the control unit 90 so as to match the amount of combustion air set in relation to the flow rate of the waste gas is sucked.

At this time, the control unit 90 is the waste gas pressure gauge through the waste gas pressure gauge 311, the waste gas thermometer 312, the waste gas flow meter 313 in the first supply pipe (72) and the air pressure gauge (321) in the second supply pipe (73) ), And adjusts the rotation speed of the waste gas blower 21 and the air blower 22 according to the detection signal of the air amount measured by the air thermometer 322 and the temperature flow meter to adjust the ratio of the mixed gas to the set combustion air amount. Keep it.

In the combustion step S14, the control unit 90 controls the fuel supply unit 40 so that fuel is injected through the fuel nozzle 41 in the combustion chamber 51, and the burner 50 generates the fuel. The fuel injected from the fuel nozzle 41 is ignited by the flame.

The oxygen concentration measuring step (S15) of the mixed gas is a step of measuring the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas introduced into the combustion chamber 51 from the second supply pipe 73 in the measuring unit 30. Here, the measurement unit 30 is the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas introduced into the combustion chamber 51 is mixed with the waste gas introduced from the first supply pipe 72 and the air supplied from the air blower in the second supply pipe (73). Measure Accordingly, the mixed gas flow meter 343, the mixed gas thermometer 342, and the oxygen concentration meter 341 output respective detection signals to the controller 90.

The set concentration comparison step (S16) is the air blower 22 or the waste gas blower 21 as described above by comparing the mixed gas flow rate and the set combustion air amount sensed by the measuring unit 30 in the control unit 90 ), And compare and determine whether the concentration of oxygen contained in the mixed gas is equal to or greater than the combustion reference ratio in the entire mixed gas.

In the oxygen generation step S17, when the control unit 90 determines that the concentration of oxygen contained in the mixed gas is less than or equal to a combustion reference ratio in the set concentration comparison step S16, the control unit 90 may generate the oxygen generator ( 10) to supply oxygen to the mixed gas. Therefore, the controller 90 controls the operation of the oxygen generator 10, opens the oxygen supply valve 741, and supplies oxygen to the second supply pipe 73 through the third supply pipe 74. Therefore, the supplied oxygen is mixed with the mixed gas of air and waste gas through the mixer 23 and flows into the combustion chamber 51.

Here, the mixed gas flow meter 343 and the oxygen concentration meter 341 continuously measure the amount and oxygen concentration of the mixed gas flowing into the combustion chamber 51 as described above, and the oxygen flow meter 333 and the oxygen thermometer 332. ) And the oxygen pressure gauge 331 measures the flow rate of oxygen supplied to the second supply pipe 73. Therefore, the control unit 90 selectively drives the oxygen generator 10 on and off to maintain a constant concentration of oxygen in the air flowing into the combustion chamber 51 according to the flow rate of oxygen and the oxygen concentration signal of the mixed gas. To control.

Therefore, in the present invention, the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas required for combustion can be automatically adjusted by directly supplying insufficient oxygen as the flow rate of the waste gas increases as described above, so that the temperature of the flame generated is maintained constant and the set temperature is reached. This prevents unnecessary fuel consumption, greatly reducing energy consumption and reducing the amount of waste gas emitted and pollutant NOx SOx.

1 is a block diagram showing a heat generating apparatus capable of adjusting the oxygen concentration according to the present invention;

* Description of the symbols showing the main parts of the drawings *

10: oxygen generator 21: waste gas blower

22: air blower 23: blender

30: measuring unit 40: fuel supply unit

41: fuel nozzle 50: burner

51: combustion chamber 60: boiler

71: waste gas suction pipe 72: the first supply pipe

73: second supply pipe 74: third supply pipe

80: stack 81: stack connector

90 control part 311 oxygen pressure gauge

312: oxygen thermometer 313: oxygen flow meter

311: waste gas pressure gauge 312: waste gas thermometer

313: waste gas flow meter 321: air pressure gauge

322: air thermometer 323: air flow meter

341: oxygen concentration meter 342: mixed gas thermometer

343: mixed gas flow meter 711: waste gas supply valve

741: oxygen supply valve

Claims

A burner for burning combustible fuel;

An air blower which is generated as fuel is burned by driving the burner and is circulated again to supply air mixed with the waste gas supplied to the burner;

A measuring device for measuring the concentration of oxygen contained in the mixed gas;

And an oxygen generator driven to supply oxygen to the mixed gas when the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas measured from the measuring device is less than or equal to the set oxygen concentration.

According to claim 1, wherein the oxygen concentration adjustable heat generating device

A first supply pipe through which the waste gas is circulated and supplied;

A third supply pipe through which oxygen generated from the oxygen generator is supplied;

It is connected between the air blower and the combustion chamber in which the burner is installed, the first supply pipe is connected to mix the air and waste gas, and the third supply pipe is connected to mix the oxygen generated from the oxygen generator with the mixed gas. A heat generating device capable of adjusting the oxygen concentration, characterized in that it further comprises a second supply pipe.

The method of claim 2, wherein the second supply pipe

An oxygen concentration adjustable heat generator, characterized in that the mixer is mixed with the waste gas recycled with the air supplied from the air blower and the oxygen generator is installed.

The method of claim 3, wherein the mixer

And an inlet is formed in the second supply pipe in the direction of the third supply pipe and the air blower, respectively, and the outlet thereof is connected to a combustion chamber in which the burner is installed.

The method of claim 4, wherein the third supply pipe

And a valve for opening and closing a pipe between the oxygen generator and the mixer, wherein the valve is opened and closed according to the oxygen concentration measurement value of the measurement unit.

The method of claim 5, wherein the measuring unit

An oxygen concentration adjustable heat generator comprising a flow meter for measuring the flow rate of the mixed gas, a thermometer for measuring the flame temperature of the burner, and an oxygen concentration meter for measuring the concentration of oxygen contained in the mixed gas .

In the control method of the heat generating device for recycling the waste gas generated in the combustion chamber and discharged by mixing with air,

A combustion air amount setting step of measuring a flow rate of the waste gas recycled and setting an amount of combustion air required for combustion of the fuel;

An air supply step of generating air and mixing the waste gas and adjusting a flow rate of air generated so that the mixed gas of the air and waste gas maintains the set combustion air amount;

An oxygen concentration comparing step of measuring an oxygen concentration in the mixed gas mixed with the waste gas and air and comparing whether the measured oxygen concentration matches the set oxygen concentration;

When the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas in the oxygen concentration comparison step or less than the set range, the control method of the heat generator that can control the oxygen concentration comprising the oxygen supply step of supplying oxygen to the mixed gas.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the oxygen supplying step maintains a ratio of a combustion reference ratio of oxygen in the mixed gas. 9.