KR20090034647A - Measurement device of biomedical signals from a helmet - Google Patents

Abstract

A measurement device of biomedical signals from a helmet is provided to measure the electrocardiogram, EEG, security, the eye movement with the high accuracy and obtain physiological-signal without the new setting. The helmet(100) measures the physiological signal from the left temple and jaw. The measured physiological-signal is wirelessly transmitted. The administrator terminal(200) receives the signal transmitted from the helmet. The electrocardiogram(ECG), the security(EOG), and EEG according to eye movement are analyzed. The helmet comprises the bio-electrode, the second organism electrode(120) and the standards organism electrode.

Description

Multi-body signal measuring device using helmet {Measurement Device of Biomedical Signals From a Helmet}

1 is a view showing a position where the electrode is attached to the multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet according to the present invention,

2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet according to the present invention;

3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a configuration of a signal processing unit according to the present invention;

4 is a diagram illustrating a typical ECG waveform;

Figure 5 is a graph showing the waveform of the electrocardiogram measured based on the left temple and the lower jaw,

6 is a graph showing the waveform of the electrocardiogram measured based on the right temple and the left temple,

7 is a graph showing the comparison between the electrocardiogram measured in the present invention and the electrocardiogram measured in the reference system,

8 is a graph showing a time difference compared with an R peak measured by a reference system to measure the reliability of the present invention;

9 is a graph showing a change in the HR (Heartbeat Rate) of the present invention and the reference system,

10 is a view showing the principle of measuring the safety (EOG),

11 is a graph showing the degree of safety in the case of moving the eyeball horizontally (a) and vertically (b),

12 is a graph showing the change in the safety and the electrocardiogram measured in the present invention,

13 is a graph showing a change in the degree of safety blinking eye in the present invention,

14 is a graph showing a comparison of the power spectrum of the electroencephalogram measured by the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>

100: helmet 110: first bioelectrode

120: second bioelectrode 130: reference electrode

140: signal processing unit 150: transmission module

200: manager terminal 210: receiving module

220: microprocessor 230: output device

The present invention relates to a multi-biological signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, in particular to measure the electrocardiogram, safety ECG with a small number of electrodes mounted on the helmet, the helmet that can determine the state of the helmet wearer with the measured multi-biological signal It relates to a multi-biological signal measuring apparatus using.

In general, a lot of equipment for measuring a bio-signal for a patient or the like. However, these devices must attach electrodes to the body and are configured to attach several electrodes. These devices are generally difficult to measure the biosignals of active people.

A wireless system for operating a brain-machine interface and a method of controlling the same (Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-0017124), which is one of the conventional inventions, are used to remotely control a toy having mobility using a brain potential signal. It is mounted to the head and configured to remotely control the mechanical device using a brainwave and safety combination. However, in the conventional invention, the electrodes are disposed in the right sensory motor region and the left sensory motor region around the center of the cross section of the skull, and the number of electrodes is required so that more than 10 electrodes are applied to the wearer of a profession who is actively engaged in acquiring a biosignal. It is difficult to do this, and also it is not configured to detect the wearer's condition, it is configured to detect a signal for remote control, it is difficult to use for the purpose of detecting the status of the wearer active in the danger zone.

Another conventional invention is a wireless system and method for neurofeedback training using EEG parameters (Korean Patent Publication No. 2003-0002677) extracts a bioelectrical signal from a headset equipped with a series of electrodes intended for use in the head, the signal Wirelessly transmits brain signal data to a host computer located at a remote location connected via a serial port to a wireless port, and monitors EEG current activity levels in the form of graphs, figures, images and audio signals. To display, allowing the individual to execute neurofeedback training, including training sessions and protocols established in the form of games. The present invention is primarily configured to perform neurofeedback procedures that are applied to improve attention, which can be applied to the performance of biofeedback, systemic conditions, human operators, or to improve cognitive function in patients with related disorders.

These conventional inventions require a large number of electrodes because they require precise brain wave detection for remote control or neurofeedback training, and the measurement position of the electrodes is also fixed for such precise measurement, which makes it difficult to apply when there is a lot of activity. have.

In addition, these conventional inventions have a lot of equipment to measure by using the Ag-AgCl electrode (wet electrode) is applied to the body using a conductive gel or adhesive tape is cumbersome when worn, apply to active wearers There is a problem that is difficult to do. In addition, since EEG is mainly measured, it is difficult to observe the wearer's condition regarding heart activity, and since it is not configured to understand various biological information such as sleep status, eye movement, excitement and relaxation, and survival, There is a problem to use in a dangerous area such as fire.

Compared to the working environment in the general society, the working environment in the military is more special and encounters many dangerous situations. Many of the tasks assigned to soldiers relate to training and combat readiness without the need to distinguish between peace and war. The working environment for these tasks is therefore also a series of physical and mental tensions.

For example, anyone in the military will be working at night. The length of time varies depending on the position, but soldiers usually work for one to two hours, and in the case of on-the-job, 12 hours after work until the next morning. You can't sleep or rest while you're on the lookout, and you're working at night, which interferes with normal sleep.

In addition, night training and marching often do not sleep and continue to face mental and physical limitations. There has not been much research on the biological and psychological effects of soldiers working in this environment.

In addition, personnel working in the military, firefighters and other hazardous areas should be able to determine their condition from a distance.

Conventional equipment for measuring the physical changes of the human body for research and commercial use has been developed and is currently used, but it is difficult to measure under special circumstances such as military or fire site using such equipment.

Most of these devices use gel or tape to attach the electrodes to the body, so it can cause skin rash or itching when used for a long time. Because there is.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is possible to measure the ecological signal in a non-constrained state that does not know the fact that the active wearer measures the bio-signal, and by measuring the electrocardiogram as well as EEG Multi-body using a helmet that provides a more accurate and understandable physical condition of the wearer, and is easily attached and detached to the body by using dry electrodes that do not use conductive gels, and guarantees the accuracy of measuring biological signals with three electrodes. The object is to provide a signal measuring device.

Multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet according to the present invention for solving the above problems is to measure the bio-signal from the left temple and jaws of the wearer, and a helmet for transmitting the measured bio-signal wirelessly, and is transmitted from the helmet And a manager terminal for receiving a signal and analyzing a wearer's condition according to ECG, safety (EOG), blinking and electroencephalogram (EEG).

The helmet may include a first bioelectrode measuring a biosignal from a left temple of a wearer, a second bioelectrode and a reference bioelectrode measuring a biosignal from a wearer's jaw, and removing noise from the biosignals measured from the bioelectrodes. And a signal processor for amplifying the biosignal and a transmission module for wirelessly transmitting the output of the signal processor.

The signal processor includes a plurality of filters for filtering the bio signals measured from the bioelectrodes, an amplifier for amplifying the bio signals, and an A / D converter for converting the amplified bio signals into digital signals.

The manager terminal may further include a reception module for receiving a signal transmitted from the transmission module, a microprocessor for determining a wearer's state by analyzing a signal received from the reception module, and an output for outputting the wearer's state determined by the microprocessor. Device.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing the position of the electrode attached to the multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet according to the present invention. .

1 and 2, a multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet according to the present invention includes a helmet 100 having three electrodes 110, 120, and 130 attached thereto, and an administrator terminal 200.

A feature of the present invention is that it is possible to determine the wearer's condition while reducing the number of electrodes to three, and it is not necessary to use a separate conductive gel using a dry electrode (dry electrode) to measure the bio-signals This can be done easily.

The three electrodes are composed of a first electrode 110, a second electrode 120, and a reference electrode 130, and these three electrodes are dry type bioelectrodes capable of measuring bioelectrodes without a separate conductive gel. to be.

The present invention analyzes the biosignal of the helmet wearer by measuring electrocardiogram (ECG), safety (EOG), eye blink, and electroencephalogram (EEG) from the three electrodes.

In the case of ECG, the closer it is to the heart, the more accurate measurement is possible, but under the structure of the helmet, the measurement on the face part should be possible with some accuracy.

Therefore, in the present invention, when the helmet is worn, the left temple and the jaw are selected as the point at which the ECG, the EKG, and the EEG are best measured, and the three electrodes It was configured to be in close contact.

Therefore, the first electrode 110 is a + electrode, and measures the bio signal from the left temple of the wearer. Therefore, the first electrode 110 is preferably formed on the left side of the head support formed in the helmet.

The second electrode 120 is an electrode, which measures the biosignal from the wearer's jaw. Therefore, it is preferable that the second electrode 120 is formed on the jaw strap that is in close contact with the jaw.

In addition, since the reference electrode 130 is also configured to be in close contact with the wearer's chin like the second electrode 120, the reference electrode 130 is preferably formed on the chin strap of the helmet 100.

Since bioelectric signals are analog electric signals, most of which have characteristics of low power, high noise ratio, and fine signals, various analog signal processing processes such as calculation, amplification, and filtering are required.

Accordingly, in the present invention, the signals measured from the three bioelectrodes are filtered and amplified by a signal of the band required by the signal processor 140 to solve the above problems.

3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the configuration of the signal processing unit according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, the signal processor 140 includes a plurality of filters 141, 142, 143, and 145, an amplifier 144, and an analog-digital converter 146.

The low frequency noise signal is removed from the biosignal measured through the three electrodes through the first high pass filter 141.

The first high pass filter 141 passes through a frequency of 0.5 Hz or more in one embodiment.

The signal passing through the first high pass filter 141 removes noise of a specific frequency by the notch filter 142. In the present invention, the noise of 60 Hz induced by the transmission line is usually eliminated.

The bio signal passing through the notch filter 142 removes the noise once again using the second high pass filter 143 and is amplified by the amplifier 144.

To this end, the amplifier 144 uses an operational amplifier having a large input impedance for amplifying the fine signal.

In one embodiment, the amplifier 144 may be configured as a bioelectric amplifier of a differential input circuit method.

The bio signal amplified by the amplifying unit 144 passes only the ECG, EOG, and EEG signals to be observed through the low pass filter 145. In the present invention, only the frequency below 35 Hz is configured to pass.

The amplified and filtered bio signals are finally converted into digital signals by the A / D converter 146 for wireless transmission.

The bio-signals converted into digital signals through the signal processor 140 are wirelessly transmitted to the manager terminal 200 through the transmission module 150.

In the present invention, the transmission module may use RF wireless communication or Bluetooth communication between the helmet 100 and the manager terminal 200, but is preferably configured to perform Bluetooth communication in terms of usability.

The manager terminal 200 is largely composed of a receiving module 210, a microprocessor 220, and an output device 230.

The present invention is configured to receive the biosignal of the wearer transmitted from the helmet 100 in the manager terminal 200 and then analyze it to determine the wearer's state and show it to the manager through the output device.

The manager terminal 200 may be an administrator server computer or a notebook computer, a mobile communication terminal, a PDA, or the like.

The receiving module 210 receives the biosignal transmitted from the helmet by communicating with the transmitting module 220 provided with the helmet.

The microprocessor 220 analyzes the biosignal received by the receiving module 210. The bio signals measured by the helmet 110 are electrocardiograms, safety degrees, and electroencephalograms. The bio signals are analyzed to determine whether the helmet wearer is sleeping, eye movement, excitement and relaxation, and survival.

The microprocessor 220 determines the survival of the wearer by measuring the number and interval of the R peak of the measured electrocardiogram (ECG).

In addition, the microprocessor 220 determines the eye movement and consciousness of the wearer by measuring the peak of the measured safety degree (EOG) and the direction of the peak, and also determines whether the eye blinks using the safety degree.

In addition, the microprocessor 220 determines the wearer's sleep state, excitement and relaxation state by inspecting the power spectrum after the fast Fourier transform of the measured alpha waves of the electroencephalogram.

The output device 230 outputs the state of the helmet wearer determined by the microprocessor 220 to be displayed to the manager.

The administrator can use the output information to know the current state of the helmet wearer, and can use it to take appropriate measures depending on the survival and availability of the helmet user during wartime or other emergency situations.

The measurement and operation of each biological signal in the present invention configured as described above will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present invention, in order to compare and evaluate the accuracy of the electrocardiogram test data, the electrocardiogram was simultaneously measured using the Biopack MP-150 as a reference system. Biopack MP-150 is generally used for measuring bio signals in hospitals. In the reference system, the electrocardiogram is measured in both arms and legs, so it is close to the heart and the Ag-AgCl electrode is used to make more accurate measurements.

First, the electrocardiogram (ECG) will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9.

4 is a diagram illustrating a general ECG waveform. Referring to FIG. 4, the electrocardiogram is abbreviated as ECG or EKG. Myocardial excitation occurs in the venous sinus and travels to the atrium and ventricular direction, so when this excitation is directed to the ammeter at any two points, the heart's active current is depicted graphically.

The electrocardiogram obtained in this way is very important for the diagnosis of heart disease. In the present invention, it is used to check whether the heart is beating or to survive or to determine the speed of the heartbeat.

Protruding from the equipotential line when the base of the heart is excited and electrically negative to the attachment is called P, Q, R, S, T, and U waves, as named by W. Eindhoven.

In FIG. 4, I1 is an atrial contraction section, I2 is a QRS wave, I3 is a ventricular contraction section, I4 is an RR interval, I5 is a ventricular relaxation section, and I6 is an atrial relaxation section. QRS waves are waves caused by the excitation of the ventricles.

In the present invention, the microprocessor grasps the number and interval of R peaks in the I2 section to determine the state of the helmet wearer.

5 is a graph showing the waveforms of the electrocardiogram measured based on the left temple and the lower jaw, and FIG. 6 is a graph showing the waveforms of the electrocardiogram measured based on the right temple and the left temple.

Referring to FIG. 5, the waveform shown in FIG. 5 installs the first electrode 110 in the head support portion of the helmet in close contact with the left temple, and the second electrode 120 and the reference electrode 130 in close contact with the lower jaw. It is installed on the chin strap of the helmet to measure the ECG.

The circled portion Pr is the R peak of the QRS wave, and it can be seen that the R peak is clearly observed in FIG. 5.

Referring to FIG. 6, the waveform shown in FIG. 6 is provided with the first electrode 110 and the reference electrode 130 at the head support portion of the helmet in close contact with the left temple, and the second electrode 120 at the right temple. It is installed on the head support of the helmet that is in close contact with the cardiogram.

In this case, it can be seen that the R peak of the ECG is not accurately observed. In particular, in the case of using a dry biological electrode (Dry Electrode) as in the present invention, it can be seen that there is no accurate electrocardiogram data when the electrode is formed only on the part in close contact with the head to measure the biosignal.

Accordingly, in the present invention, in order to obtain a waveform as shown in FIG. 5, the first electrode 110 is formed at the head support portion of the helmet in close contact with the left temple, and the second electrode 120 and the reference electrode 130 are located at the lower jaw. It is formed on the chin strap of the helmet that is in close contact.

The microprocessor determines that the helmet observer is dead when the R peak is not visible, and the activity is high when the interval between the R peaks is narrow.

7 is a graph showing the comparison between the electrocardiogram measured in the present invention and the electrocardiogram measured in the reference system. 7, the electrocardiogram (b) in the reference system shows a smoother and more accurate graph than the electrocardiogram (a) measured in the present invention.

However, in the case of the present invention, the electrocardiogram obtained from the helmet is a noisy signal, but the waveform portion of the R peak that can know whether the intended survival or the like can be measured accurately as in the reference system.

The reference system shows more accurate values because it is close to the heart and uses the Ag-AgCl electrode. However, in the present invention, accurate R peaks can be observed even if only three dry electrodes are used to acquire a biosignal from the face.

FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating a comparison of a time difference from an R peak measured by a reference system to measure the reliability of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, the reliability was obtained by subtracting the R peak time obtained from the reference system from the R peak time measured in the present invention. Figure 8 shows the difference, the difference is only a few ms, so the degree of error that can be clinically acceptable.

Table 1 below shows the accuracy of the present invention, which is obtained by dividing the total number of R peaks found by the present invention excluding the wrong part. As can be seen from Table 1, the performance of the present invention shows almost the same accuracy as the reference system.

Count Average Standard deviation (±) accuracy(%) One 5.2381 14.005 97.2 2 6.0720 1.6725 94.3 3 1.3246 4.0321 99.4 4 5.4932 6.4501 99.1 5 6.4399 11.7170 98.2 Average 4.9136 2.0612 97.6

9 is a graph showing a change in the HR (Heartbeat Rate) of the present invention and the reference system.

Referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that the present invention (A) is moving in the same manner as the change of the reference system (B). Irregular rhythms were observed in some sections, but the data was analyzed except the saturation section.

As described above, although the present invention has three electrodes by forming three electrodes in a helmet, it can be seen that there is no significant difference in accuracy in comparison with a reference system having a larger number of electrodes.

10 is a diagram showing the measuring principle of the safety (EOG).

Referring to FIG. 10, the cornea of the eyeball is + and the retina is of-property. Since the potential difference occurs every time the eyeball moves, the difference is measured to obtain the degree of safety (EOG). 10 (b) is a graph showing the safety degree in the case of moving the eyeball to the right by about 30 degrees from the front (a).

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the safety level when the eye is moved horizontally (a) and when it is moved vertically (b), and FIG. 12 is a graph showing the change in safety and the electrocardiogram measured in the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 11, it can be seen that the potential changes largely whenever the direction of the eyeball changes. In the case of vertical movement, the change in the potential of the peak shape is observed.

Referring to FIG. 12, graph (a) shows the change in safety and graph (b) shows the electrocardiogram observed by the reference system. The left square is the safety measured when looking to the left, and the right square is the safety when looking to the right.

The microprocessor determines whether the pupil moves according to the change of the waveform, and determines whether the helmet wearer is conscious and active.

FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating a change in safety degree indicating eye blink in the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 13, in the case of moving the pupil, a person generally looks to the left and after a while, to the right or turns his head, an opposite peak is observed as shown in FIG. 12, and when the eye blinks, a single peak is observed. Is observed as in FIG. 13.

That is, the microprocessor examines the change in the safety peak, determines whether the peak in the opposite direction is continuous, and determines whether the pupil is moving or blinking.

If no blink is observed, the microprocessor determines whether it is asleep in association with an electroencephalogram which will be described later, or whether it is alive in association with an electrocardiogram.

Next, the electroencephalogram (EEG) measurement will be described.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) refers to a potential measured by using electrodes to measure signals on the surface of the brain, in which electrical signals generated from numerous nerves of the brain are synthesized. EEG signals vary in time and space according to the activity of the brain, the state at the time of measurement and brain function. Measurement of EEG is essential for diagnosing brain function and disorder.

The measured EEG has a frequency of 1 to 50 Hz and an amplitude of about 10 to 200 uV, and a delta wave (0.2 to 4 Hz, 20 to 200 uV) in a normal sleep state according to the difference between the frequency and the voltage, and theta wave (4) when emotionally stable. ~ 8Hz, 20 ~ 100uV), alpha wave (8 ~ 13Hz, 20 ~ 60uV) in relaxed state, beta wave (13 ~ 30Hz, 2 ~ 20uV) when waking up, gamma wave appearing when excited 30 ~ 50Hz, 2 ~ 20uV).

The present invention detects the alpha wave in the EEG to grasp the state of the helmet wearer.

14 is a graph showing a comparison of the power spectrum of the electroencephalogram measured by the present invention.

14A is a power spectrum after FFT of the EEG measured when the eyes are closed, and (b) is a power spectrum after FFT of the EEG measured with the eyes open.

Referring to FIG. 14, when a fast Fourier transform (FFT) is performed on the last 30 seconds of closing the eyes, and the difference is compared, the eyes detect a distinct difference in the 8 to 12 Hz band of the interval than the other sections. The brainwaves in the band are alpha waves.

The microprocessor of the present invention senses the 8 to 12 Hz portion of the power spectrum to determine whether the helmet wearer is in a relaxed state.

When the above-mentioned alpha wave is observed in the case of an emergency or during military service, the manager can identify that the worker's tension is alleviated as described above through the administrator's terminal, thereby preventing the occurrence of danger due to the hazard of the boundary work.

Although the multi-body signal measuring apparatus using the helmet according to the present invention as described above with reference to the illustrated drawings, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed herein, within the scope of the technical idea is protected. Can be applied.

Multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet according to the present invention configured as described above can be measured with high accuracy of electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, safety, and blinking with only three electrodes, even when detachable helmet by using a dry electrode There is no need to reapply the conductive gel, so there is an effect that the biosignal can be obtained without any new setting.

In addition, the multi-body signal measuring apparatus using the helmet according to the present invention to determine the health status of the helmet wearer in real time to inform the manager, managers can quickly determine whether the medical history or available manpower, active work There is an effect that can be easily obtained the biological signal of the helmet wearer.

Claims (13)

A helmet for measuring the bio-signal from the left temple and the jaw of the wearer and wirelessly transmitting the measured bio-signal; Multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet comprising a manager terminal for receiving a signal transmitted from the helmet to analyze the wearer's state according to ECG (ECG), safety (EOG), eye blink and electroencephalogram (EEG). The method according to claim 1, The helmet is A first bioelectrode measuring a biosignal from a left temple of the wearer; A second bioelectrode and a reference bioelectrode for measuring a biosignal from a wearer's jaw; A signal processor for removing noise of the bio signals measured from the bio electrodes and amplifying the bio signals; And Multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet comprising a transmission module for wirelessly transmitting the output of the signal processor. The method according to claim 2, The bioelectrode is a multiple bio-signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that the dry bio-electrode (Dry electrode). The method according to claim 2, The first bio-electrode is formed on the left side of the helmet inner head support, the second bio-electrode and the reference electrode is a multi-bio signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that formed on the chin strap of the helmet. The method according to claim 2, The first bioelectrode is a + electrode, and the second bioelectrode is a multi-electrode signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that the-electrode. The method according to claim 2, The signal processing unit includes a plurality of filters for filtering the bio signals measured from the bio electrodes; An amplifier for amplifying the biological signal; Multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that it comprises an A / D converter for converting the amplified bio-signal into a digital signal. The method according to claim 1, The helmet is multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that for measuring the alpha wave in the electroencephalogram (EEG). The method according to claim 1, The manager terminal includes a receiving module for receiving a signal transmitted from the transmitting module; A microprocessor for analyzing a signal received from the receiving module to determine a wearer's state; Multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet including an output device for outputting the state of the wearer determined by the microprocessor. The method of claim 8, The microprocessor is a multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that for determining whether the wearer's sleep, eye movement, excitement and relaxation, survival, etc. from the measured bio-signal. The method of claim 8, The microprocessor multi-signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that for determining the survival of the wearer by measuring the number and interval of the R peak of the electrocardiogram. The method of claim 8, The microprocessor is a multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that for determining the eye movements, consciousness of the wearer by measuring the peak and the direction of the peak of the measured safety (EOG). The method of claim 8, The microprocessor multi-signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that for determining the wearer's sleep, excitement and relaxation state by examining the power spectrum after the fast Fourier transform of the measured alpha waves of the electroencephalogram. The method according to claim 1, Multi-body signal measuring apparatus using a helmet, characterized in that the wireless communication is performed between the helmet and the administrator terminal by Bluetooth.

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