KR20090033722A - Method and apparatus for generating a radiation pattern of array speaker, and method and apparatus for generating a sound field - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and a device for generating a radiation pattern and a method and a device for generating a sound field are provided to implement an omni-directional radiation characteristic by generating a radiation pattern of each speaker as a directional radiation pattern by the array speaker. A radiation characteristic measuring unit(501) measures a radiation pattern of each speaker. A radiation characteristic filter calculating unit(502) produces the radiation pattern of each speaker to the directional radiation pattern by using an array speaker. A synthesizing unit(503) generates the whole radiation pattern of the array speaker by synthesizing the generated directional radiation patterns as one. The radiation characteristic filer calculating unit generates the directional radiation pattern by using the array speaker composed of a monopole source.

Description

Method and apparatus for generating a radiation pattern of array speaker, and method and apparatus for generating a sound field

The present invention relates to sound technology, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for generating a radiation pattern of an array speaker, and a method and apparatus for generating a sound field using the same.

The sound system receives, processes and processes the physical sound sources of singers and instrumentalists, analogue tapes, CDs, and the like, and finally plays through speakers or stores them on audio storage media. Refers to the route and instrument system.

The sound field means a region of a medium in which sound waves exist. When creating such sound fields through speakers, the characteristics of the speakers that actually reproduce them are important. The conventional sound field generation method generates a sound field by calculating an ideal condition, that is, a sound source under omnidirectional conditions. Here, omnidirectional means that individual sources radiate sound pressure equally in all directions without directivity in a particular direction in space.

However, in the case of a real speaker, such a characteristic can be accommodated with a small error only in a very limited frequency region, and in most audible frequency regions, there is a difference in radiation characteristics according to directions. These radiation characteristics are due to the geometrical characteristics of the speaker and the vibration characteristics of the diaphragm. Speakers having different shapes and vibration characteristics have respective radiation patterns. Therefore, if the sound field is calculated under ideal conditions, ignoring the radiation characteristics of the real speaker, an unintended sound field is formed when the signal is reproduced through the real speaker, which makes it difficult to achieve the purpose of forming the desired sound field.

The present invention can overcome the radiation characteristics in the omnidirectional sound source used when forming the actual speaker and the sound field by using a plurality of speakers of the array speaker system, it is possible to obtain an improved sound field effect in the actual listening environment.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of generating a radiation pattern of an array speaker in an array speaker system including at least two individual speakers includes measuring the radiation pattern of the individual speakers, and measuring the radiation pattern of the measured individual speakers. Each of the directional radiation patterns is generated using an array speaker, and the entire directional radiation pattern of the array speaker is generated by synthesizing the generated directional radiation patterns into one.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for generating a radiation pattern of an array speaker in an array speaker system including at least two individual speakers includes a radiation characteristic measuring unit measuring the radiation pattern of the individual speakers, and the measured individual speakers. And a radiation characteristic filter calculation unit for generating the radiation pattern of the array into a directional radiation pattern using the array speaker, and a synthesis unit for generating the entire radiation pattern of the array speaker by combining the generated directional radiation patterns into one.

The sound field generating method according to another embodiment of the present invention measures the radiation pattern of at least two or more individual speakers, and generates the measured radiation patterns of the individual speakers as directional radiation patterns using array speakers, respectively. By synthesizing one directional radiation pattern into one, an entire radiation pattern of the array speaker is generated, the generated radiation pattern is converted into an omnidirectional sound source, and a sound field is generated using the converted omnidirectional sound source. .

The sound field generating apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention generates a radiation characteristic measuring unit for measuring the radiation pattern of at least two or more individual speakers, and each of the measured individual radiation patterns as a directional radiation pattern using an array speaker. A radiation characteristic filter calculation unit, a synthesizer for generating the entire radiation pattern of the array speaker by combining the generated directional radiation patterns into one, and a directional inverse for converting the generated radiation patterns into omnidirectional sound sources. And a sound field generator for generating a sound field using the filter processor and the converted omni-directional sound source.

According to another embodiment of the present invention includes a recording medium recording a program for executing the method on a computer.

Details and improvements of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.

In the speaker array system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation pattern of the individual speakers is measured, and each of the measured radiation patterns of the individual speakers is generated as a directional radiation pattern using an array speaker, and then synthesized into one to form a total radiation pattern. By simply generating the signal generator, it can be easily applied to a sound field generating device based on omnidirectional radiation characteristics, and the sound field can be simply designed through an omnidirectional source. In addition, it is possible to reduce the error by reflecting the characteristics of the actual speaker.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The sound field generation according to the prior art generates a sound field by replicating signals by the number of speakers from a sound source source and performing modulation on each signal, which modulation includes processing such as delay, amplification, and filter.

 As shown in FIG. 1, to form an arbitrary sound field, calculations are performed on their synthesized shapes at a distance from the sound emitted from each individual speaker. At this time. It is known in the art that an individual speaker becomes a sound source and is formulaally simplified to obtain a corresponding sound field. In this case, it is assumed that the sound source is omnidirectional for the convenience of the expression development, since the equation can be simplified only by the distance between an arbitrary sound source and an arbitrary point in space. In the case of FIG. 1A, sound is sent vertically to the array speaker, FIG. 1B is sound when the array speaker is sent diagonally, and FIG. 1C is a case where sound is collected at an arbitrary point in space. It is assumed to be omnidirectional.

However, directivity in actual speakers exhibits different characteristics for each frequency as shown in Figs. 2A to 2C.

2A to 2C, the radiation pattern is somewhat constant in all directions in the low frequency band of 250 Hz, the radiation pattern slightly biased forward in the middle frequency band of 1000 Hz, and the radiation pattern that is much biased forward in the high frequency band of 4000 Hz. see. Therefore, in the actual speaker, it can be seen that the radiation pattern is different for each frequency band.

3A and 3B illustrate an array speaker system according to an exemplary embodiment.

A speaker array is a speaker system suitable for a home theater, an AV system, or the like. For example, a plurality of speakers are arranged, and the diameter of the speaker may be several cm. In addition, the arrangement of the speakers can be arranged in two dimensions on a plane.

Referring to FIG. 3A, there is shown a speaker array in which five speakers are arranged in a straight line. However, the number or arrangement of such speakers is exemplary for description and is not limited thereto.

Referring to FIG. 3B, the radiation pattern of one individual speaker as shown in FIG. 3B is formed through the speaker through the sound field generation from the sound source. Here, the sound field generation is supplied to the delay circuit from the sound source source, delayed by a predetermined delay time, and the delayed audio signal is supplied to the individual speaker through power amplification. Therefore, sound waves output from the speaker are synthesized in any place, and the sound pressure can be adjusted stronger or weaker than the surroundings depending on the synthesis result.

4 is a view for explaining a process of generating a directional pattern of a speaker in an array speaker system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the radiation pattern generated in the actual speaker is generated as speakers of an omni-directional or monopole array. That is, the directional pattern generated in one speaker forms a sound field using a plurality of monopole sources. In other words, the method of producing the radiation pattern of the individual speakers is obtained for the radiation pattern at each position by the number of speakers constituting the entire array, and finally, the total of all the radiation patterns of the array speaker can be obtained.

Referring to FIG. 4, in the case of an actual speaker, each radiation pattern has a corresponding radiation pattern, and each radiation pattern is generated by an array speaker composed of monopoles, and finally, the radiation pattern of the array speaker composed of monopoles is obtained. By synthesizing the signals you create, you can obtain radiation patterns across the entire array system.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sound field generating apparatus considering a directional pattern of a speaker according to another exemplary embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 5, the sound field generator includes a radiation pattern generator 500, a directional inverse filter processor 510, and a sound field generator 520.

The radiation pattern generator 500 includes a radiation characteristic measurer 501, a radiation characteristic filter calculator 502, and a synthesizer 503. The radiation pattern generating apparatus 500 generates the radiation pattern generated in the actual speaker as speakers of an omnidirectional or monopole array.

The first, second, ... N speaker radiation characteristic measurement unit 501 measures the actual radiation pattern of the individual speakers constituting the speaker array. The radiation characteristic measurement unit 501 measures each radiation pattern existing by the number of individual speakers (1, 2... N). Preferably, the speaker is at least two or more. Here, the measurement of the radiation pattern can be obtained experimentally or analytically. The experimental apparatus may include a controlled turntable capable of measuring a radiation pattern according to a rotation direction and an acoustic measurement system capable of collecting and analyzing the frequency by frequency. Through this measuring apparatus, a measuring pattern as shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained.

The first, second, ... N radiation characteristic filter calculator 502 generates the radiation patterns of the individual speakers measured by the radiation characteristic measurement unit 501 as directional radiation patterns using array speakers, respectively. The filter calculation unit 502 calculates a filter that enables the array speaker composed of monopoles to form the above-described radiation pattern sound field, and generates a directional radiation pattern using the array speaker, as shown in FIGS. It demonstrates with reference to 6B.

6A and 6B, the directivity of the speaker is measured at point m. At this time, the measuring point can be arbitrarily set according to the precision of the desired pattern. The speaker array system consisting of a mono pole source then has the same arrangement as the directivity of the actual speaker and likewise places a in the same m position. The radiation pattern by the monopole source consists of spk1-spkn, and finds that the sound field radiated from these satisfies each a1-an with minimum error. That is, the sound field pattern generated by n loudspeakers at the position of the number of a measuring points is the best fit. To optimize this, a well-known multivariate optimization technique, for example, a least square method is used. Can be.

The synthesis unit 503 synthesizes the directional radiation patterns generated by the radiation characteristic filter calculation unit 502 into one, and generates the entire radiation pattern of the array speaker.

The directional inverse filter processor 510 converts the radiation pattern of the entire array speaker generated by the synthesizer 503 into an omnidirectional sound source. That is, the directional inverse filter processing unit 510 makes the directional inverse filter processing unit to make the radiation characteristics of the individual speakers through the array speaker of the monopole source, and converts the radiation characteristics of the entire array speakers generated by synthesizing them back to omnidirectional characteristics. . Therefore, a signal in which the directivity of the actual speaker is considered is made, and an inverse filter of the directivity is obtained and applied to cancel the effect of directivity in the actual speaker. Therefore, the sound field generator 520 described later may generate the sound field without considering the directivity.

The sound field generator 520 generates a sound field using the omni-directional sound source converted by the directional inverse filter processor 510. Although not shown in the figure, the sound field generated by the sound field generator 520 is output to the speaker through the speaker output generator.

Through the above-described process, it is possible to implement the characteristics of the actual speaker as a filter of the array speaker, and to apply to the sound field generating device on the premise of the omnidirectional radiation characteristics, it is possible to simply design the sound field through the omnidirectional source. In addition, it is possible to reduce the error by reflecting the characteristics of the actual speaker.

Meanwhile, the present invention can be embodied as computer readable codes on a computer readable recording medium. The computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording devices in which data that can be read by a computer system is stored.

Examples of computer-readable recording media include ROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disks, optical data storage devices, and the like, which may also be implemented in the form of carrier waves (for example, transmission over the Internet). Include. The computer readable recording medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion. And functional programs, codes and code segments for implementing the present invention can be easily inferred by programmers in the art to which the present invention belongs.

So far I looked at the center of the preferred embodiment for the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be embodied in a modified form without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments should be considered in descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. The scope of the present invention is shown not in the above description but in the claims, and all differences within the scope should be construed as being included in the present invention.

1A to 1C are diagrams for describing a sound field generating method according to the prior art.

2A to 2C are diagrams for exemplarily describing a directional radiation pattern of an actual speaker.

3A and 3B illustrate an array speaker system according to an exemplary embodiment.

4 is a view for explaining a process of generating a directional pattern of a speaker in an array speaker system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sound field generating apparatus considering a directional pattern of a speaker according to another exemplary embodiment.

6A and 6B are views for explaining generation of directional patterns of individual speakers according to another exemplary embodiment.

Claims (9)

A method of generating a radiation pattern of an array speaker in an array speaker system consisting of at least two individual speakers, the method comprising: (a) measuring the radiation pattern of the individual speakers; (b) generating respective radiation patterns of the measured individual speakers into directional radiation patterns using the array speakers; And (c) generating the entire radiation pattern of the array speaker by combining the generated directional radiation patterns into one. The method of claim 1, In step (b), And the array speaker is composed of a mono pole source. The method of claim 1, In the step (a), And measuring a radiation pattern at positions of respective individual speakers constituting the array speaker. Measuring a radiation pattern of at least two individual speakers; Generating each of the measured radiation patterns of the individual speakers into a directional radiation pattern using an array speaker; Generating the entire radiation pattern of the array speaker by combining the generated directional radiation patterns into one; Converting the generated entire radiation pattern into an omnidirectional sound source; And And generating a sound field using the converted omnidirectional sound source. A recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing a method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 on a computer. An apparatus for generating a radiation pattern of an array speaker in an array speaker system comprised of at least two individual speakers, the apparatus comprising: A radiation characteristic measuring unit measuring a radiation pattern of the individual speakers; A radiation characteristic filter calculator configured to generate radiation patterns of the measured individual speakers as directional radiation patterns using the array speakers; And And a synthesizer configured to generate the entire radiation pattern of the array speaker by combining the generated directional radiation patterns into one. The method of claim 6, The radiation characteristic filter calculation unit, Apparatus for generating a radiation pattern of an array speaker, characterized in that for generating a directional radiation pattern using an array speaker consisting of a mono pole source. The method of claim 6, The radiation characteristic measuring unit, The radiation pattern generating device of the array speaker, characterized in that for measuring the radiation pattern at the position of each individual speaker constituting the array speaker. A radiation characteristic measuring unit measuring a radiation pattern of at least two individual speakers; A radiation characteristic filter calculator configured to generate the radiation patterns of the measured individual speakers as directional radiation patterns using array speakers; A synthesizer configured to generate the entire radiation pattern of the array speaker by combining the generated directional radiation patterns into one; A directional inverse filter processing unit converting the generated total radiation pattern into an omnidirectional sound source; And And a sound field generator for generating a sound field using the converted omnidirectional sound source.

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