KR20080104624A - Implant for dentistry - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a new dental implant coupling structure that is free from a problem that a screw is loosened after clamping the screw or a problem that the screw is broken during using the structure. A dental implant coupling structure allowing a fixture and an abutment are complementarily joined with each other without screwing the fixture and abutment comprises: an abutment(200) having a first coupling portion formed on a bottom part thereof; and a fixture(300) including a second coupling portion which is implanted in an alveolar bone, and which restrains secession of the first coupling portion in the upward or downward direction by supporting the first coupling portion while covering the first coupling portion of the abutment. The first coupling portion includes at least one inserting groove formed on an outer face of the abutment, and at least one coupling element inserted into the inserting grooves in a way that the coupling element is partially projected from the inserting groove.

Description

Dental Implants {Implant for Dentistry}

1 shows a conventional dental implant.

Figure 2 shows the abutment of the implant according to the present invention.

3 shows a longitudinal section of the abutment of FIG.

Figure 4 shows a view of the abutment of Figure 2 from below.

Figure 5 shows a fixture cross section of an implant according to the present invention.

Figure 6 shows the combined appearance of the implant according to the present invention.

7 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the implant of FIG. 6.

Description of the main parts of the drawing

200: abutment 201: first coupling portion

210: insertion groove 211: top support

212: inner surface support 213: lower surface support

220: ball 230: fastening shaft

300: fixed body 301: second coupling part

310: outer side support part 320: seating part

330: Axle

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dental implant, in particular comprising a fixture embedded in the alveolar bone for implantation of artificial teeth, and an abutment supporting the crown and coupled to the fixture. It relates to a dental implant (Implant).

Implants are originally a substitute that recovers when human tissue is lost, but dental implants refer to implanting artificial teeth. To replace the missing tooth roots (roots), the artificial tooth root, which is made of titanium, etc., which is not rejected by the human body, is planted in the bone that has fallen out, and the artificial tooth called artificial crown is fixed to fix the function of the tooth. It is a cutting-edge procedure to recover. In the case of general prosthetics or dentures, the surrounding teeth and bones are damaged after time, but the implants do not damage the surrounding dental tissues, and they have the advantage that they can be used semi-permanently because they have the same function or shape as natural teeth and do not cause tooth decay.

Such dental implants, as shown in Figure 1, the fixture 110 embedded in the upper and lower alveolar bone (hereinafter referred to as 'alveolar bone') 107 of the missing tooth portion, such as the root of natural teeth. ), Abutment or abutment 101 connecting the fixture 110 and the artificial crown 130, abutment screw 120 for coupling the abutment 101 to the fixture 110, and abutment 101 It is provided in the oral cavity by the artificial dental 130 is configured to reproduce the same shape and function as natural teeth. In this configuration, the fixture 110 is bone-bonded to be completely fixed to the alveolar bone 107 like the root of a natural tooth, and after the bone adhesion, the abutment 101 is connected to the fixture 110 of the implant with a screw 120. When the artificial dental 130 is mounted on it, the implant artificial tooth is completed. At this time, the fixture 110 passes through the dense bone 107a having a high bone density and is embedded in the sponge bone having a low bone density 107b.

Looking at the coupling relationship between the abutment 101 and the fixture 110 in more detail, an insertion hole 104 is formed at the center of the abutment 101 and the screw 120 is inserted through the insertion hole 104. The abutment 101 is fixed to the top of the fixture 110 by screwing the fastening hole 112 formed concentrically with the insertion hole 104 of the abutment 101 at the center of the fixture 110. And the artificial dental crown 110 is in contact with the outer periphery of the abutment 101 at the upper end of the abutment 101, the contact portion is bonded by an adhesive or the like is supported by the fixture 110.

In the related art, the fixing body and the abutment are fastened with screws. As a result, the screw is loosened over time, and the screw is subjected to repeated loads due to the chewing action. have.

In addition, the fastening by screws is not only inconvenient for the fastening work, but also has various limitations in the manufacture of the upper prosthesis.

In addition, the conventional screw coupling structure also affects the appearance of the implant is not good for aesthetics.

The present invention aims to solve the problem of the conventional dental implant as described above.

The present invention solves the problems caused by screwing the fixture and abutment, and proposes a new fastening structure without the problem of loosening or screw breakage during use as in the case of screws after fastening.

Dental implant according to the present invention, the abutment having a first coupling portion in the lower portion; It is placed in the alveolar bone, the fixing body having a second coupling portion for supporting while surrounding the first coupling portion of the abutment.

The second engagement portion of the fixture constrains the abutment deviating upwards by wrapping the second engagement portion of the abutment. In addition, the second coupling portion supports the first abutment portion to support the abutment load of the abutment.

The first coupling portion: at least one insertion groove formed on the outer surface of the abutment; It may be configured to include; at least one fastening piece which is inserted to protrude part of the insertion groove.

Here, the fastening piece is preferably made in the shape of a ball.

The outer surface of the fastening piece protrudes and is inserted into the insertion groove, and the protruding outer surface surrounds the second coupling part of the fixture.

Preferably, the abutment insertion groove has an upper surface support portion for supporting the upper surface of the fastening piece, an inner surface support portion for supporting the inner surface of the ball, and a lower surface support portion for supporting the lower surface of the ball.

Here, it is preferable that at least the inner side support portion is made of a shape memory alloy.

A shape memory alloy is an alloy that is a type of self-recoverable constituent material that remembers the desired shape and restores it to the shape when the temperature is reached. This is because the alloy remembers the given shape as an atomic arrangement.

Shape memory alloys include Ti-Ni alloys and Cu-Zn-Al alloys. The former is a bit expensive, but features excellent performance and workability. The latter is considered to be advantageous in terms of material cost, thermal processability, and somewhat weak in effect. Therefore, in the abutment column 220 of the dental implant according to the present invention, since retrievability is important, a Ti-Ni-based alloy is preferable as the shape memory alloy.

Such Ti-Ni-based alloys are alloys containing Ti and Ni in an atomic ratio of 1: 1, the same amount of atoms. However, the Ti-Ni-based alloy ratio is not limited thereto, and various applications may be possible within a range for maximizing resilience.

In addition, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the inner side surface support portion is formed in a ring shape with a part cut away. This is to allow a portion to be easily deformed into its stored shape at a specific temperature by being cut.

In addition, the lower surface support is preferably made smaller in diameter than the upper diameter. This lower surface support is coupled to the fixture while seated on the second coupling portion.

In addition, it is preferable that the upper portion of the second coupling portion is larger in diameter than the lower portion.

A shaft hole may be formed in the center of the fixture, and a fastening shaft inserted into the shaft hole may be formed in the abutment.

Another aspect of the invention, the abutment having at least two insertion grooves on the outer surface; At least two balls partially inserted into the insertion grooves and protruded outwardly; It is placed in the alveolar bone, the fixing body for seating and supporting the abutment while surrounding the outer surface of the ball.

Hereinafter will be described in more detail with reference to the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 shows the abutment 200, its cross section is shown in Figure 3, and the abutment 200 is shown in Figure 4 seen from below.

2 to 4, the abutment 200 has an insertion groove 210 and a ball 220 inserted into the insertion groove 210 as the first coupling portion 201.

Here, the insertion groove 210 and the ball 220 are four circularly arranged at intervals of 90 degrees. However, as another embodiment, three circles may be arranged at 120 degree intervals. That is, a plurality of balls 220 may be arranged circularly at equal intervals.

The insertion groove 210 has an upper surface support portion 211 for supporting the upper surface of the ball 220, an inner surface support portion 212 for supporting the inner surface, and a lower surface support portion 213 for supporting the lower surface. .

At least the inner surface support 212 or the lower surface support 213 is made of a shape memory alloy.

Since it is made of a shape memory alloy, it is deformed into a memorized shape suitable for supporting the ball 220 at a specific temperature. When inserting the abutment 200 into the fixture 300, the inner surface support portion 212 or the lower surface support portion 213 is slightly deformed and the coupling is smooth, and after the coupling is unfolded in the original memorized form to secure the coupling Let's do it.

Here, the second coupling portion 301 which surrounds the first coupling portion 201 of the abutment 200 may also be made of a shape memory alloy. Of course, both the abutment 200 as well as the fixture 300 may be made of a shape memory alloy.

In addition, a fastening shaft 230 is formed at the center of the lower surface of the abutment 200.

5 illustrates a cross section of the fixture 300. As shown, the second coupling portion 301 is formed on the upper portion of the fixture 300. The second coupling portion 301 may be supported by mounting the outer surface support portion 310 and the lower surface support portion 213 surrounding the outer surface of the ball 220 in the first coupling portion 201 of the abutment 200. It has a seating portion 320 formed to be.

In addition, a shaft hole 330 into which the fastening shaft 230 is inserted is formed at the center of the fixture 300.

The lower support 213 is supported by being seated on the second coupling part 301 or the fastening shaft 230 is seated and supported by the shaft hole 330 to support the compressive load of the abutment 200. That is, if the fastening shaft 230 is seated in the shaft hole 330 is supported for compression, the lower surface support portion 213 of the insertion groove 210 may be seated in the second coupling portion 301 may not be supported. . And vice versa.

6 shows a perspective view of the abutment 200 coupled to the fixture 300, and FIG. 7 shows a cross section in such a coupled state.

When the abutment 200 is coupled to the fixture 300, the abutment 200 is coupled to the fixture 300 so that the ball 220 is seated on the outer support 310.

In addition, when the abutment 200 is to be detached from the fixture 300 by removing the abutment 200 while rotating, the abutment 200 and the fixture 300 may be separated.

Such a coupling structure is superior in durability since the coupling structure is simpler than the conventional screw coupling structure, and the coupling operation is easy. In addition, the patient no longer receives the discomfort he experienced during conventional screwing.

The ball 220 may be made of a fastening piece of another form. If it is protruded to the outside is inserted into the insertion groove 210 and supported in the insertion groove 210 can restrain the vertical deviation between the abutment 200 and the fixture 300, even if the ball 220 It can be alright.

For example, instead of the ball 220, the cross section may have a round bar shape. The rod may be formed to be curved. That is, it may be made in the form of some piece of the ring.

Furthermore, it may be a single ring with a round cross section. In this case, the abutment 200 may be shaped as one continuous circular groove into which the ring may be inserted instead of the plurality of insertion grooves 210. That is, the ring may be inserted into the circular groove. Here, the ring does not have to be a completely continuous shape, but may be a part cut off. In this case, the ring may also be made of a shape memory alloy. There may be some incisions, or made of shape memory alloy to facilitate the assembly work. Alternatively, as shown in the above embodiment, the lower surface supporting portion 213 of the insertion groove 210 into which the ball 220 is inserted is formed as a shape memory alloy, and a portion that supports the lower surface of the ring as a lower portion of the circular groove is also shaped. It can also be made of a memory alloy to facilitate the insertion of the ring.

In addition, various shapes may be implemented instead of the ball 220, and thus the insertion groove 210 may have various shapes.

On the other hand, the lower surface support portion 213 is formed in the diameter of the upper than the diameter of the lower, thereby making it possible to more firmly support the ball 220. Then, the compressive load received when chewing food is directed to the center of the fixture 300 so that the force is evenly distributed to the alveolar bone.

If the upper diameter of the lower support 213 is smaller than the lower diameter, the compressive load due to the chewing action may not be transmitted in a direction radiated to the outer circumference of the fixture 300. For example, the second coupling portion 301 may act as a force in the radial direction to lose the coupling force between the first coupling portion 201 and the second coupling portion 301, not evenly distributed in the radial direction to one side When the biasing force is applied to the alveolar bone may cause pain, and the fixture 300 may be shaken from the alveolar bone to weaken its restraint.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described certain embodiments, and the present invention may be used in the art without departing from the gist of the invention as claimed in the claims. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and these modifications should not be individually understood from the technical spirit or the prospect of the present invention.

According to the present invention, there is no problem of loosening as in the case of screws after fastening or screw breakage during use by allowing the fixing body and the abutment to be complementarily coupled to each other without screwing.

In addition, the coupling structure is simpler than the screw fastening, the coupling operation can be made smoothly, does not give the patient discomfort, and also excellent durability.

And, because of the simple coupling structure, the appearance of the implant can be more beautiful. The conventional screw fastening structure has a limitation in making the appearance beautiful because it requires a screw hole and a screw of a suitable size to obtain the fastening force and durability.

Claims (10)

Abutment having a first coupling portion at the bottom; A fixing body placed in the alveolar bone and having a second coupling part that surrounds and supports the first coupling part of the abutment to restrain upward and downward deviation; Dental implant comprising a. The method of claim 1, wherein the first coupling portion: At least one insertion groove formed on an outer surface of the abutment; At least one fastening piece inserted into the insertion groove so that a part thereof protrudes; Dental implants comprising a. 3. The dental implant of claim 2 wherein the fastening piece is a ball. According to claim 2 or 3, wherein the abutment insertion groove includes an upper surface support for supporting the upper surface of the fastening piece, an inner surface support for supporting the inner surface of the ball, the lower surface support for supporting the lower surface of the ball Dental implant, characterized in that. The dental implant of claim 4, wherein the inner surface support part is made of a shape memory alloy. The dental implant according to claim 5, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the inner side support portion is a ring shape with a part cut away. The dental implant of claim 4, wherein a lower diameter of the lower support portion is smaller than a diameter of the upper portion. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second coupling portion has a larger diameter at its upper portion than its lower portion. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a shaft hole is formed in a center of the fixture, and a fastening shaft is formed in the abutment. Abutment having at least two insertion grooves on an outer surface thereof; At least two balls partially inserted into the insertion grooves and protruded outwardly; A fixture placed in the alveolar bone and seating and supporting the abutment while surrounding the outer surface of the ball; Dental implant comprising a.

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