KR20080083462A - Recording medium, method of recording control data, method of recording and/or playback and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A recording medium, a method for recording control data, a method for recording/reproducing data, and an apparatus thereof are provided to effectively access data recorded on a recording medium by using control data. A recording medium comprises a data area where user data is recorded and a management area where management data for the user data is recorded. The management area includes a first management area having different physical property from the data area and a second management area having the same physical property as the data area. The first and second management areas have control data which includes data for access to the data recorded on a recording medium.

Description

Recording medium, control information recording method, data recording and reproducing method, and apparatus therefor {Recording medium, Method of recording control data, Method of recording and / or playback and apparatus}

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2A and 2B are cross-sectional views schematically showing the structure of a recording medium according to another embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic and partial enlarged view showing the structure of the inner circumferential region of the recording medium according to the embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of a control information section in the present invention.

5 is a schematic diagram illustrating one embodiment of physical format information in the present invention.

6 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a recording / playback apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a data reproduction sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

20: recording and playback section 11: pickup section

12: second control unit 13: signal processing unit

14: servo unit 15: memory

16: first control unit 17: AV decoder

18: AV encoder 30, 40: control information section

The present invention relates to a recording medium, a control information recording method, a data recording and reproducing method, and an apparatus thereof, and more particularly, to a data recording and reproducing method and apparatus for efficiently accessing data recorded on a recording medium, and to such data. It relates to a recording medium.

As a recording medium, a recording medium capable of recording a large amount of data is widely used. In recent years, a new high density recording medium capable of recording and storing high quality video data and high quality audio data for a long time is required. For example, high-definition HD-DVD or Blu-ray Discs (BDs) are next-generation optical recording solutions that can record data significantly exceeding existing DVDs. The technical specifications of the world standard for Korea are being established. In recording or reproducing data using such a high-density disc, a method for efficiently recording and reproducing control information has not been proposed, which is a problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for efficiently recording control information on a recording medium, and a recording medium having control information.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for efficiently recording or reproducing data by using control information stored in a recording medium.

In order to achieve the above object, the recording medium of the present invention includes a data area in which user data is recorded and a management area in which management data for the user data is recorded. And a second management area having the same physical property as the first management area having different physical properties, wherein the first management area and the second management area may each include control information.

Here, the control information includes information necessary for accessing data recorded on the recording medium. Specifically, the control information may include parameter information or format information of the recording medium required for recording data on the recording medium or reproducing the recorded data. The format information may include information regarding the arrangement or arrangement of the information provided on the recording medium.

The management area may be provided on the inner circumference of the recording medium, where the second management area may be provided closer to the data area than to the first management area. The first management area and the second management area may be separated by a connection area that does not generate a reproduction signal or a control signal. The data of the second management area may correspond to a copy of some or all of the data recorded in the first management area.

A data recording method of the present invention is a method of recording data in a recording medium having a data area and a management area, the method comprising: a first management area having a different physical property from the data area and a first management area having the same physical property as the data area; 2 Control information can be recorded in each management area.

The control information recording method of the present invention is a method of recording management information in a recording medium having a data area and a management area, the method comprising: recording control information in a first management area having a physical property different from that of the data area; Recording control information in a second management area having the same physical characteristics as the data area. In this case, the control information of the first management area may be recorded when the recording medium is produced.

A data reproducing method of the present invention is a method of reproducing data recorded on a recording medium comprising a first management area having a physical property different from the data area and a second management area having the same physical property as the data area. Data can be reproduced using the control information recorded in the second management area, and if the control information of the second management area cannot be accessed, the data can be reproduced using the control information recorded in the first management area.

The data recording and reproducing method of the present invention records or records data on a recording medium including a first management area having physical characteristics different from the data area and a second management area having the same physical properties as the data area. A method of reproducing a data, comprising: adjusting an RF signal and a servo with respect to a data area, reading control information recorded in the second management area, and using the read control information to write user data to a recording medium. Recording or reproducing the recorded data.

The data recording and reproducing method of the present invention records data or reproduces recorded data on a recording medium including a first management area having a physical property different from the data area and a second management area having the same physical property as the data area. A method, comprising: (a) adjusting an RF signal and a servo with respect to a data area, (b) reading the control information if access is possible to control information recorded in the second management area, (c) Reading control information recorded in the first management area if the control information recorded in the second management area cannot be accessed; and (d) recording user data on a recording medium using the read control information; Playing back the recorded data.

In this case, step (c) may further include moving to the first management area. The movement to the first management area may be performed by jumping from the second management area to the first management area.

Meanwhile, step (c) may further include adjusting an RF signal and a servo with respect to the first management area.

The recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention includes an optical pickup and a controller for controlling the optical pickup, wherein the controller reads out the control information provided in the second management area having the same physical characteristics as that of the data area of the recording medium. If the management area cannot be accessed, the control information provided in the first management area having a physical property different from that of the data area may be read to record or reproduce data. The control unit may further include a determination unit to determine whether the first management area or the second management area is accessible.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the recording medium, the control information recording method, the data recording and reproducing method, and the apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In addition, the term used in the present invention was selected as a general term that is widely used as possible at present, but in certain cases there is a term arbitrarily selected by the applicant, in which case the meaning is described in detail in the description of the invention, It is to be understood that the present invention is to be understood as the meaning of terms rather than names. In addition, in the present invention, " recording medium " means any medium in which data is recorded or can be recorded. For example, the term " recording medium " The present invention will be described with reference to one embodiment of the recording medium for the convenience of explanation, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

1 shows a schematic structure of a recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the structure of the recording medium provided with one recording layer is shown, and the left to the right shows the structure from the inner circumference to the circumferential direction of the recording medium. As shown, the information area of the recording medium includes a system lead-in area, a connection area, a data lead-in area, and a user data area. A data area, a data lead-out area, a system lead-out area, or other area. Herein, the information area encompasses an area excluding a clamping area for fixing the recording medium to a drive or a recording / reproducing apparatus.

The information area may be roughly divided into a system area and a data area, wherein a connection area connecting the system area and the data area is connected. Area) and the like. The system area is an area in which recorded information is not changed or updated even in a recordable recording medium. That is, it is an information area recorded when the recording medium is produced, and is an area in which information on the structure of the recording medium, the structure of the data, or the like is recorded. The system area includes a system lead-in area around a recording medium and a system lead-out area around a recording medium. On the other hand, a data area is an area in which data is recorded by the producer or the user of the recording medium. The data area is an area including a data lead-in area, a data lead-out area, and a user data area. The user data area is an area in which user data is recorded by a producer or a user. In the data lead-in area or the data lead-out area, management information for the data may be recorded. If necessary, control information of the system lead-in area may be repeatedly recorded. Through this, control information may be provided in each of the system lead-in area and the data lead-in area. For convenience of division, one may be called a first management area and the other may be called a second management area.

The system area is an area including important information such as control data. Therefore, the system area has different physical characteristics from the data area in order to facilitate signal separation. Specifically, different physical characteristics, such as different lengths of channel bits or track pitches, may be configured to facilitate signal separation, thereby accurately reading data.

For example, in the recording medium of a single layer, the average length of the channel bits of the system area is 204.0 ± 2.2 nm, whereas the channel bits of the data area (Data area) Channel average length can be composed of 102.0 ± 1.1nm. That is, the length of the channel bit of the system area may be larger than the data area. Here, the channel bit refers to an element in which a value of '0' or '1' is expressed on a recording medium in the form of a mark and a space through modulation. The average track pitch of the system area is 0.68 ± 0.01 μm, while the average track pitch of the data area is 0.40 ± 0.01 μm. have. The track pitch here refers to the distance between the centerlines of two tracks which are adjacent in the radial direction of the recording medium. Through such a difference in physical structure, the signal can be easily distinguished from the system area in comparison to the data area. However, since the physical structure is different, the control of the servo system using the signal generated by the reflected light is also different.

2A and 2B show a schematic structure of a recording medium according to another embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the structure of the recording medium having two recording layers is shown, and the left to the right shows the structure from the inner circumference to the circumferential direction of the recording medium. A recording medium having two or more recording layers is divided into two types depending on the direction in which information is recorded or reproduced on the recording medium. This applies to all recording media having two or more recording layers, but for convenience of description, the description will be given by taking the case of two recording layers as an example.

FIG. 2A shows a case where the first recording layer L0 and the second recording layer L1 have the same recording direction. This is called a parallel track path (hereinafter referred to as a 'PTP method'). According to the PTP method, the first recording layer L0 and the second recording layer L1 record or reproduce data in the same direction. In this case, as shown in the drawing, the first recording layer L0 and the second recording layer L1 each include a system lead-in area, a connection area, and a data lead-in area. -in area, a user data area, a data lead-out area, and a system lead-out area.

FIG. 2B shows a case where the first recording layer L0 and the second recording layer L1 have opposite recording directions. This is called a recording method in the opposite direction (Opposite Track Path). According to the OTP method, the first recording layer L0 and the second recording layer L1 record or reproduce data in opposite directions. In this case, as illustrated, the first recording layer L0 may include a system lead-in area, a connection area, a data lead-in area, and a user data area. It may include a user data area) and a middle area. The second recording layer L1 may include a middle area, a user data area, a data lead-in area, a connection area, and a system data lead-in area. Data lead-in area). That is, unlike FIG. 2A, a system lead-in area, a data lead-in area, a data lead-in area, and a system lead-out area may be different. -out Area is included only in either the first recording layer L0 or the second recording layer L1. In addition, the connection area connects a system lead-in area and a data lead-in area in the PTP method, whereas a system lead-out area is connected in the OTP method. Connect the lead-out area and the data lead-in area.

In this embodiment, control data may be provided in a system area and a data area of a recording medium, respectively. Here, control data refers to parameter information or format information of a recording medium required for recording data on a recording medium in the form of a pit or the like, or for reproducing the recorded data. Include. In this case, the format information means information provided on the recording medium, that is, information related to the arrangement or layout of the pits. Such control information is first necessary for accessing the recording medium, and if the control information cannot be read, the recording medium cannot be accessed. Hereinafter, the structure of a recording medium according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings centering on the control information. In particular, since the control information is provided on the inner circumference of the recording medium for the stability of the data and the ease of access, the description will be given by taking an example of the inner circumference of the recording medium.

3 schematically shows the structure of an inner circumference of a recording medium according to the present invention.

The system lead-in area includes an initial zone, a buffer zone, a control data zone, and the like. The control data area includes a control data section 30, a copyright data section, and the like, as shown in an enlarged view, and further includes a reserved area. . In this case, the reserved area is an area to which predetermined information can be allocated in the next specification, and all bits can be allocated as '0'.

The control information section 30 and the copyright information section may be repeatedly recorded for the stability of the data in one control information area, and each section may be composed of 16 data segments. Here, the data segment means a minimum recording unit including a VFO field, a data field, a reserved field and a buffer field. In the present invention, the control information section will be described. Here, each data segment includes 32 physical sectors.

The connection area is an area connecting the system lead-in area and the data lead-in area and includes a connection zone. That is, as described above, an area for connecting two areas having different physical configurations and corresponding to an area that does not generate an RF signal because no pit is included.

The data lead-in area includes a control data section 40, a reference code zone, and a reserved area. The control data section 40 is an area in which control data is recorded, such as the control data section 30 of the system lead-in area. For example, the control data section 40 may include the same data as the data of the control data section 30 included in the system lead-in area, or a part thereof. Data can be recorded. In this case, the control information section 40 may correspond to a copy of the control data section 30 of the system lead-in area. The reference code zone includes a reference code of a data segment. Then, one recording unit length of a predetermined pit pattern to be recorded on the recording medium is formed using the reference code.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a control data section 30 and 40 provided in a system lead-in area and a data lead-in area of the recording medium will be described. It demonstrates concretely. The control data section 30, 40 is allocated an area in which the above-described control information is recorded. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the control information may include physical format information, recording medium manufacturing information, or the like. If necessary, copyright protection information may be further included. Other areas remain as reserved areas, and the description of the reserved areas is as described above.

In this case, the physical format information may be configured as shown in FIG. 5. In physical format information consisting of 2048 bytes, 0 to 31 bytes are header areas included in all kinds of recording media, and 32 to 2047 bytes are unique information of each recording medium. It is an area provided with. The header area includes' book type and part version, size and maximum transfer rate of the recording medium, and structure of the recording medium. Information about a structure of the recording medium, a recorded density, a data area allocation, and the like. It should be noted, however, that the contents are not limited to the present embodiment. The respective information will be described in detail with reference to the following.

"Book type and Part version" is information indicating the type of recording medium. For example, it is information indicating whether it corresponds to a DVD, HD-DVD, or the like and which standard is followed.

Information on the 'Size and maximum transfer rate of the recording medium' is allocated 1 byte. In this case, 4 bits in the 1 byte may indicate the size of the recording medium. For example, 0000b may be 12 cm, 0001b may be 8 cm, and in other cases, a corresponding value may be assigned. In addition, the other four bits may indicate the maximum transmission rate. For example, 0000b may represent 2.52 Mbps, 0001b may represent 5.04 Mbps, 0010b may represent 10.08 Mbps, 0011b may represent 20.16 Mbps, and 0100b may represent 30.24 Mbps. Otherwise, a corresponding value may be assigned.

The information on the 'Structure of the recording medium' may include information about the number of recording layers provided on the recording medium, the direction of the track (for example, OTP shown in FIG. PTP method), information on the type of recording layer, and the like.

Information about the 'recorded density' may be allocated 1 byte, indicating a linear recording density and a track density. For example, allocating 4 bits with a linear recording density, 0000b is 0.267 µm / bit, 0001b is 0.293 µm / bit, 0010b is 0.409 to 0.435 µm / bit, 0100b is 0.280 to 0.291 µm / bit, and 0101b is 0.153 µm. / bit, 0100b may represent 0.130 to 0.140 µm / bit, and in other cases, a corresponding value may be assigned. In addition, 4 bits are allocated as the track density, 0000b may represent 0.74 µm / track, 0001b represents 0.80 µm / track, 0010b represents 0.615 µm / track, 0011b represents 0.40 µm / track, and 0100b represents 0.34 µm / track. In other cases, corresponding values may be assigned.

The information regarding 'data area allocation' may indicate information about a physical sector number (PSN) of the data area. In this case, a physical sector is a unit allocated to an information area of a recording medium, and a serial number assigned to the physical sector is referred to as a physical sector number (PSN). In particular, it may include information about 'Start PSN' indicating the start position of the physical sector and 'End PSN' indicating the end position.

6 shows an embodiment of a recording / playback apparatus according to the present invention. The recording / reproducing section 20 receives the signals read out from the pickup section 11 and the pickup section 11 for directly recording data on the recording medium or reading the data recorded on the recording medium and restoring the desired signal values. A signal processor 13 which modulates and transmits a signal to be recorded or a signal to be recorded into a signal recorded on a recording medium, and a pickup unit for accurately reading out a signal from the recording medium or accurately recording a signal on the recording medium. 11, a servo unit 14 for controlling, a memory 15 for temporarily storing management information and data including defect management information, and a first controller 16 for controlling the components. . In this regard, a recording / reproducing apparatus composed only of the recording / reproducing section 20 is also referred to as a “drive”, which can be utilized as a computer peripheral.

When the pickup unit 11 records data on the recording medium or reproduces the recorded data, the pickup unit 11 records the control information of the recording medium in the management area under the control of the first control unit 16 and records the data using the control information. Record data on the medium or reproduce the recorded data.

When the first controller 16 reads data from each of the data area and the system area, the first controller 16 adjusts the RF signal and the servo according to the physical characteristics of each area. . In this case, the first control unit 16 preferentially sets an RF signal and a servo for a data area in which user data is recorded on a recording medium loaded by the recording / reproducing apparatus. .

In order to read the control information, the first controller 16 preferentially accesses a data lead-in area having the same physical characteristics as that of the data area, and the data lead-in. If the data lead-in area is not accessible, the pickup is controlled to access the system lead-in area. In this case, since the system lead-in area has a physically different characteristic from that of the data area, the RF signal and the servo may be used to read data from the system area. Readjust. The control information is controlled to read control information in the system lead-in area. To this end, the first control unit 16 further includes a determination unit that determines whether the data lead-in area and the system lead-in area are accessible. In this case, the role of the first control unit 16 may be configured to be performed by the second control unit 12 to be described later.

The second control unit 12 is responsible for the control of the entire component, and in particular, in connection with the present invention, for receiving a user command or the like through an interface with a user, recording for recording or reproducing data on a recording medium. Alternatively, the playback command is transmitted to the recording and playback section 20. In the present invention, it is apparent that the functions of the second control unit 12 and the first control unit 16 may be divided or operate as a single control unit.

The AV decoder 17 decodes the signal read out from the recording medium under the control of the second control unit 12, restores it to desired information, and provides the same to the user. The AV encoder 18 records a signal on the recording medium. Under the control of the second control unit 12, the input signal is converted into a signal having a specific format, for example, an MPEG2 transport stream, and provided to the signal processing unit 13.

7 is a flowchart illustrating a data reproducing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

When the recording medium is loaded (S10), the recording / reproducing apparatus prepares to access the recording medium. That is, the first control unit 16 controls the pickup unit 11 to read data contained in the recording medium. Through this, the pickup unit 11 is adjusted to obtain an RF signal with respect to the data area. Then, the servo is adjusted using the signal obtained by the reflected light (S20). At this time, the adjustment and setting of the RF signal and servo as described above takes a relatively long time in the process of recording and reproducing data for a recording medium requiring fast access. Accordingly, the signal and the servo are adjusted based on a data area in which user data is recorded with respect to the loaded recording medium.

At this time, in order to access the recording medium, the type, size, structure of the recording medium, information on the allocation of the data area (Data Area), etc., that is, the above-described control information (control data) are required. If the control information cannot be read, the recording / reproducing apparatus cannot access the recording medium. Therefore, the recording and reproducing apparatus reads the information recorded in the data lead-in area of Fig. 3 (S30). In this case, the first controller 16 determines whether access to the information recorded in the control data section 40 of the data lead-in area is accessible (S40). At this time, if it is determined that access to the control information recorded in the control data section 40 is accessible, the control information recorded in the control data section 40 is read (S50). In this case, the data lead-in area has the same physical structure as the user data area, so there is no need to adjust the RF signal or the servo. On the basis of the control information, data recorded on the recording medium can be reproduced according to a command of a user or a host (S60).

Meanwhile, the first control unit 16 may determine that the control information section 40 cannot be accessed due to scratches, fine dust, or other causes (S40). That is, the case where the control information recorded in the control data section 40 cannot be read. In this case, the first control unit 16 controls the pickup 11 to access the system lead-in area (S41). In this case, the data area and the system area are connected to a connection area without a signal. In the connection area, control of track following by servo cannot be performed. Therefore, for stability, the first control unit 16 moves the pickup unit 11 in a jump manner from a data lead-in area to a system lead-in area. It is preferable to control so that the In addition, since the data area and the system area have different physical structures, a signal must be readjusted based on the system area to read data. Therefore, the first controller 16 readjusts the RF signal and the servo based on the system lead-in area. In operation S43, the first controller 16 determines whether the 'control data section 30' of the system lead-in area is accessible. At this time, when it is determined that access to the control information recorded in the control data section 30 is accessible, the control information recorded in the control data section 30 is read (S50). On the basis of the control information, data recorded on the recording medium can be reproduced according to a command of a user or a host (S60). On the other hand, if it is determined that the control information of the system lead-in area is not accessible, it is determined that the loaded recording medium cannot be read and thus cannot be reproduced (S44).

As mentioned above, preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed for purposes of illustration, and those skilled in the art can improve and change various other embodiments within the spirit and technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the appended claims below. , Replacement or addition would be possible.

The recording medium, the data recording and reproducing method and the apparatus according to the present invention described above have the following effects.

That is, there is an advantage of providing a method and apparatus for efficiently recording control information on a recording medium and a recording medium having control information.

It is also an advantage to provide an apparatus and method for efficiently recording or reproducing data using control information.

Claims (30)

A data area in which user data is recorded and a management area in which management data for the user data is recorded; The management area includes a second management area having the same physical property as the first management area having a different physical property from the data area, And the first management area and the second management area each have control information. The method of claim 1, wherein the control information, And information necessary for accessing data recorded on the recording medium. The method of claim 2, wherein the control information, And parameter information or format information of the recording medium required for recording data on the recording medium or reproducing the recorded data. The method of claim 3, wherein the format information, And information on the arrangement or arrangement of the information provided on the recording medium. The method of claim 1, wherein the management area, And a recording medium provided on an inner circumference of the recording medium. The method of claim 1, wherein the second management area, And a recording medium adjacent to the data area than the first management area. The method of claim 1, And the first management area and the second management area are spaced apart by a connection area. The method of claim 7, wherein the connection region, And a region which does not generate a reproduction signal or a control signal. The method of claim 1, wherein the second management area data, And a copy of a part or all of the data recorded in the first management area. A method of recording data on a recording medium having a data area and a management area, the method comprising: And recording control information in a first management area having a different physical property from the data area and in a second management area having the same physical property as the data area. The method of claim 10, wherein the control information, And information necessary for accessing data recorded on the recording medium. The method of claim 11, wherein the control information, And parameter information or format information of the recording medium required for recording data on the recording medium or reproducing the recorded data. The method of claim 12, wherein the format information, And information on the arrangement or arrangement of the information provided on the recording medium. The method of claim 10, wherein in the second management area, And recording part or all of the data recorded in the first management area repeatedly. A method of recording management information in a recording medium having a data area and a management area, the method comprising: Recording control information in a first management area having a physical property different from that of the data area; And recording the control information in a second management area having the same physical characteristics as the data area. The method of claim 15, wherein the control information, And information necessary for accessing data recorded on the recording medium. The method of claim 16, wherein the control information, And parameter information or format information of the recording medium required for recording data on the recording medium or reproducing the recorded data. The method of claim 15, wherein the control information of the first management area, Control information recording method, characterized in that recorded during the production of the recording medium. A method of reproducing data recorded on a recording medium comprising a first management area having a physical property different from the data area and a second management area having the same physical property as the data area, Reproduce data using the control information recorded in the second management area, And if the control information of the second management area cannot be accessed, data using the control information recorded in the first management area is reproduced. The method of claim 19, wherein the first management area and the second management area, And control information necessary for accessing data recorded on the recording medium. The method of claim 20, wherein the control information, And parameter information or format information of the recording medium required for recording data on the recording medium or reproducing the recorded data. A method of recording data or reproducing recorded data on a recording medium comprising a first management area having a physical property different from the data area and a second management area having the same physical property as the data area, Adjusting the RF signal and servo with respect to the data area; Reading control information recorded in the second management area; And recording the user data on the recording medium or reproducing the recorded data by using the read control information. The method of claim 22, wherein the first management area and the second management area, And control information necessary for accessing data recorded on the recording medium. The method of claim 23, wherein the control information, And parameter information or format information of the recording medium required for recording data on the recording medium or reproducing the recorded data. A method of recording data or reproducing recorded data on a recording medium comprising a first management area having a physical property different from the data area and a second management area having the same physical property as the data area, (a) adjusting the RF signal and servo with respect to the data area; (b) reading the control information if the control information recorded in the second management area is accessible; (c) reading control information recorded in the first management area if the control information recorded in the second management area cannot be accessed; (d) recording user data on a recording medium or reproducing the recorded data using the read control information. The method of claim 25, wherein step (c) is And moving to the first management area. The method of claim 26, wherein the movement to the first management area includes: And performing a jump from the second management area to the first management area. The method of claim 25, wherein step (c) is And adjusting the RF signal and the servo with respect to the first management area. Optical pickup; and A control unit for controlling the optical pickup; The control unit, Read control information included in the second management area having the same physical characteristics as the data area of the recording medium, and if the second management area cannot be accessed, the control information is provided in the first management area having a different physical property from the data area. And read out the control information so as to record or reproduce the data. The method of claim 29, wherein the control unit, And a determination unit for determining whether the first management area or the second management area is accessible.

Images