KR20080078125A - Vertical-reciprocating charger and method for making tribo series and calculating work function of plastic using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A vertically reciprocating charger and a method for measuring a work function value of plastic by using the same are provided to set the trio series of plastic according to the kinds of materials by using the charger having a charging cylinder reciprocating vertically and to measure the work function value of plastic indirectly by using the quantity of electric charge of plastic particles and a pre-set work function value. A vertically reciprocating charger(100) is composed of: a charging cylinder(110) for receiving plastic particles and charging the plastic particles by rubbing or bumping the plastic particles against each other; a fixing plate(120) coming into contact with the charging cylinder to fix the charging cylinder; and a driving unit(130) for vibrating the charging cylinder by vertically reciprocating the fixing plate. The vertically reciprocating charger sets the trio series of plastic according to the kinds of materials by charging the plastic particles according to each kind of materials and measures a work function value.

Description

Vertical-reciprocating charger and method for making tribo series and calculating work function of plastic using the same}

1 is a perspective view of a vertical reciprocating charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention,

2 is an image of a charge tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a graph showing the work function value according to the amount of charge according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the main parts of the drawing

100: vertical reciprocating charging device 110: charge tube

120: fixed plate 130: drive unit

131: rotating plate 132: camshaft

140: motor 150: controller

The present invention establishes a charging sequence between plastics by material, and uses a vertical reciprocating charging device that charges plastic particles to measure a work function value of plastics by material, and a charging sequence between plastics by material using a vertical reciprocating charging device. And a method of measuring the work function of plastics by material.

Continued high oil prices, rising raw material prices, EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility), and the entry into force of the Kyoto Protocol, both domestic and international economic conditions and environmental regulations are increasing the need for recycling waste plastics. Domestic waste plastics generate about 4 million tons annually, but due to low recycling rate, a large amount is disposed of by landfill or incineration. In the case of mixed plastics, material recycling technology and material characteristics are deteriorated, so material separation technology must be developed first. In particular, it is essential to develop PVC removal technology that can fundamentally solve environmental problems such as waste plastic fuel (RPF), incineration, emulsification, and material recovery.

Most of the waste plastic recycling is handled by repair, but the research on the separation technology of waste plastic material in each field is actively progressing and making great progress. Physical screening methods to recycle waste plastics include electrostatic screening, dry and wet specific gravity screening, floating screening, color screening, and spectroscopy. Among them, the electrostatic screening method is a screening method that is simple in configuration and economical in equipment, and has excellent separation efficiency and processing time. The electrostatic screening method is a corona discharge type and an electrostatic induction type that can separate conductive and nonconductive materials according to the charging method, as well as a frictional load that can separate nonconductive and nonconductive materials. There is a typical.

The tribostatic electrostatic screening method is a screening method that electrostatically separates charged materials with opposite polarity by friction or collision between particles and particles and between particles and charging devices by using a work function value or charging sequence of a material. . The triboelectric charge screening method is characterized by vibration type, cyclone type, fluidized bed type, rotating cylinder type, honeycomb type, and spiral type. Steel tube static electricity (spiral tube charger). The first time that the triboelectric charging phenomenon was recorded was 2500 years ago, the triboelectric charging mechanism differs according to the experimental conditions and the state of the sample from many literatures, and it is difficult to identify and interpret the triboelectric charging mechanism due to dealing with the instantaneous phenomenon of contact. Are going through. Prior studies on the measurement of the charge of plastic particles, Mukherjee first measured the charge in the fluidized bed of coal and pyrite according to the change of fluid velocity and relative humidity using a ball probe. Gupta and Fasso measured the charge of glass beed, oil shale and pyrite particles in a cyclone charging device using a Faraday cage.

Recently, research on the measurement of frictional charges has been actively conducted on insulator materials such as plastics.Pearse and Yanar have developed polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in a cyclone charging device made of nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu). ), PE (Polyethylene: Polyethylene), Nylon66 pellet particles (Pellets) and the frictional charge of PVC, PE materials were measured using a Faraday box. In addition, many previous researchers investigated the magnitude of the charge amount and the electrode properties of the target material by using the charge device and the charge amount measuring device.

However, there is a disadvantage that the method of measuring the charge amount and the lower electrode property of such plastic particles is not economical.

In addition, in terms of measuring the work function value of the plastic particles, in general, the work function value of the metallic particles can be directly measured, but the work function value of the polymeric particles such as plastic is not only the internal structure of the material, but also the surface of the material. Due to the influence of the condition, pollution level, additives, there is a problem that the measurement by the direct method is difficult.

An object of the present invention is to establish a charging sequence between plastics for each material, and to provide a vertical reciprocating charging device for charging plastic particles to measure a work function value of plastics for each material.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for establishing a charging sequence between plastics for each material using a charging device including a vertically reciprocating charging cylinder.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for indirectly measuring a work function value of plastic for each material by using a preset work function value and a charge amount of plastic particles.

The vertical reciprocating charging device for establishing a charging sequence between plastics for each material according to the present invention and for measuring the work function value of plastics for each material is supplied with plastic particles therein, and the particles are charged to be charged by friction or collision. Traditionally, it includes a fixed plate for fixing the charged tube in contact with the charged tube and a drive unit for vibrating the charged tube by vertically reciprocating the fixed plate.

In addition, the method for establishing a charging sequence between plastics for each material using a vertical reciprocating type charging device of the present invention includes a first step of preparing plastic particles by crushing the plastic, a second step of injecting the particles into a charge tube, and the charge tube. A third step in which the particles are charged by friction or collision with the interior of the charged cylinder by a vertical reciprocating motion of the particle and a fourth step of comparing the charged amounts according to materials of the particles Include. At this time, the material of the plastic particles used to establish the charging sequence of the plastic is HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, HOMO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA, H-PVC, S-PVC, RUBBER and CALIBRE At least two of them are preferable, and the material of the charge tube is preferably at least one of PTFE, PVC, PP, HDPE, PS, ABS, PMMA and PET.

In addition, the measuring method of the work function value of the plastic by material using the vertical reciprocating charging device of the present invention is a first step of producing plastic particles by crushing the plastic, the second step of injecting the particles into the charge tube, the A third step in which the particles are charged by friction or collision by a vertical reciprocating motion of the charge cylinder, a fourth step of calculating the charge amount of the charged particles, a work function value according to the material of the charge cylinder, A fifth step of forming a graph having the charge amount as a vertical axis, a sixth step of displaying the charge amount of the plastic particles as a point at a position corresponding to a work function value according to the material of the charge tube, and a linear regression method of the points And a seventh step of obtaining a work function value by extending the straight line until the intersection with the horizontal axis is formed. At this time, the material of the plastic particles used to establish the work function value sequence of the plastic is preferably at least two or more of HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA and H-PVC, The traditional material is preferably at least two of copper, aluminum, stainless steel and PTFE.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the common or dictionary meanings, and the inventors will appropriately define the concept of terms in order to best explain their invention in the best way possible. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.

1 is a perspective view of a vertical reciprocating charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the vertical reciprocating type charging device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, plastic particles to be charged are supplied therein, and the supplied plastic particles are charged or rubbed with the inner wall to be charged. Charge plate 110 to be fixed, the fixing plate 120 in contact with the upper and lower sides of the charge tube 110, and to prevent plastic particles from being lost to the outside of the charge tube 110, It includes a drive unit 130 for vibrating the vertical tube 110 to the upper and lower directions by vertically reciprocating the fixed plate (120). At this time, the driving unit 130 according to the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the motor 140, the rotary plate 131 and one end of the rotary motion by the drive of the motor 140 is connected to the fixed plate 120, the other end Is connected to the rotating plate 131, and when the rotating plate 131 is a rotary movement it is made of a cam shaft 132 to give a vertical reciprocating motion to the fixed plate 120 by changing it to a linear movement. In addition, the vertical reciprocating charging device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a controller 150 for controlling the number of revolutions per minute of the rotating plate 131.

The vertical reciprocating type charging device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention charges plastic particles for each material to establish a charging sequence between plastics for each material, and can measure a work function value.

At this time, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plastic particles used to measure the work function value of the plastic particles are HDPE (High Density Polyethylene), LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene), GPPS (General Purpose Polystyrene), HIPS (High Impact) Polystyrene (CO-PP), Co Polystyrene (CO-PP), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Acrylonitrile, Butadiene, Styrene (ABS), Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) and H-Poly Vinyl Chloride (H-PVC) are preferred. .

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the charge tube 110 used to measure the work function value of the plastic particles is copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), stainless (Stainless) and PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene: teflon At least two).

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the plastic particles used to establish the charging sequence of the plastic particles is HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, HOMO-PP (Homo Polystyrene), PET, ABS, At least two or more of PMMA, H-PVC, S-PVC (S-Poly Vinyl Chloride), RUBBER, and CALIBER are preferable.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the charge tube 110 used to establish the charging sequence of the plastic particles is PTFE, PVC, PP (Polystyrene), HDPE, PS (Impact Polystyrene), ABS, PMMA and It is preferably at least one of PET.

2 is an image showing a charge tube of various materials according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the vertical reciprocating type charging device 100 having two charge cylinders 110 is illustrated, but at least one charge cylinder 110 according to the present invention is preferably provided. The reason for this is that the more the charge cylinder 110 is provided, the process of charging the plastic particles can be performed at the same time, thereby reducing the work time.

Hereinafter, a method of establishing a charging sequence between plastics for each material and a method of measuring a work function value of plastics for each material by using the vertical reciprocating charging device 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the method of establishing the charging sequence between plastics for each material by using the vertical reciprocating type charging device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, first, plastic particles are manufactured by crushing plastic particles according to materials. At this time, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the crushed plastic particles is preferably 3.8mm to 4.0mm. In addition, the material of the plastic particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention is HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, HOMO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA, H-PVC, S-PVC, RUBBER and CALIBER At least two or more are preferable.

Plastic particles crushed according to the material is injected into the charge cylinder 110 of the vertical reciprocating type charging device 100, it is preferable that at least one charge cylinder 110 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, The material of the tradition 110 is preferably at least one of PTFE, PVC, PP, HDPE, PS, ABS, PMMA and PET.

When the plastic particles are injected into the charged cylinder 110, the fixing plate 120 is grounded on the upper side and the lower side of the charged cylinder 110 so that the plastic particles are not lost to the outside, and then the fixed plate 120 of the charged cylinder 110 is grounded. The charged cylinder 110 is fixed by applying pressure in the direction. At this time, the fixed plate 120 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is connected to the rotating plate 131 and the cam shaft 132 to rotate, the rotating plate 131 is connected to the motor 140.

The motor 140 is operated to impart vibration to the charged cylinder 110 to which the fixed plate 120 is fixed. When the motor 140 operates according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the rotating plate 131 rotates. The cam shaft 132 connected to the rotating plate 131 converts the rotational movement of the rotating plate 131 into a linear movement to vertically reciprocate the fixed plate 120. At this time, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, when the rotating plate 131 rotates, the revolutions per minute (rpm) is preferably 200rpm to 250rpm.

The charged cylinder 110 is vibrated by the vertical reciprocating motion of the fixed plate 120, so that the plastic particles present in the charged cylinder 110 are charged by friction or collision with the inside of the charged cylinder 110. At this time, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the holding time of the plastic particles friction or colliding with the interior of the charge cylinder 110 in the charge cylinder 110 is preferably 4 minutes to 6 minutes.

The charge amount of the plastic particles charged by friction or collision in the charge cylinder 110 is obtained, and the charge amount is compared according to the material of the plastic. In this case, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a Faraday box may be used to obtain a charge amount of the plastic particles.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention, when the plastic particles are charged using the vertical reciprocating type charging device 100, the relative humidity and the ambient temperature are preferably 20% to 25% and 20 ° C to 23 ° C, respectively. .

According to the present invention, the charging sequence between the plastic particles for each material is H-PVC, S-PVC, COPP, HOMO-PP, in all material of the charge transfer (PTFE, PVC, PP, HDPE, PS, ABS, PMMA and PET) Polarized in the following order: LDPE, HDPE, PET, RUBBER, HIPS, CALIBER, ABS, GPPS and PMMA. In other words, H-PVC, S-PVC, COPP, HOMO-PP, LDPE, HDPE, PET, RUBBER, HIPS, CALIBER, ABS, GPPS, and PMMA tend to be negatively charged toward the left. To the right, there is a tendency to be positively charged.

On the other hand, the method of measuring the work function value of the plastic for each material by using the vertical reciprocating type charging device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, by using the work function value of the material and the amount of charge of the material charged in advance It is a method of measuring work function values indirectly.

Looking at the order, first, by crushing the plastic particles according to the material to produce a plastic particle. At this time, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the crushed plastic particles is preferably 3.8mm to 4.0mm. In addition, the material of the plastic particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention is preferably at least two or more of HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA and H-PVC.

The plastic particles crushed according to the material is injected into the charge tube 110 of the vertical reciprocating type charging device 100.

The charged cylinder 110 is vibrated by the vertical reciprocating motion of the fixed plate 120, so that the plastic particles present in the charged cylinder 110 are charged by friction or collision with the inside of the charged cylinder 110. At this time, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the holding time of the plastic particles friction or colliding with the inside of the charge cylinder 110 in the charge cylinder 110 is preferably 4 minutes to 6 minutes.

The amount of charge of the plastic particles charged by friction or collision in the charge cylinder 110 is obtained. In this case, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a Faraday box may be used to obtain a charge amount of the plastic particles.

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, when the plastic particles are charged using the vertical reciprocating type charging device 100, the relative humidity and the ambient temperature are preferably 20% to 25% and 20 ° C to 23 ° C, respectively. .

Next, a graph is formed in which the work function value according to the material of the charge cylinder 110 is the horizontal axis (X axis) and the charge amount is the vertical axis (Y axis). At this time, the charge tube 110 is made of a known material, the material of the charge tube according to the second embodiment of the present invention is aluminum, copper, stainless steel and PTFE, the work function values are 4.28eV, 4.65eV, 4.65 eV and 5.75 eV.

From the graph, the charge amount of the plastic particles at each position corresponding to the material of the charge cylinder 110 is indicated by a dot. These points are linearized by linear regression method, and the point where the straight line meets the horizontal axis becomes the work function value of the plastic particle.

3 is a graph showing the work function value according to the charge amount of the plastic particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the work function values of copper, stainless steel, and PTFE which are preset values are set to the horizontal axis (X axis), and the value of the charge amount is the vertical axis (Y axis). . Then, the plastic particles made of a material of HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA and H-PVC are charged and charged into a charge tube 110 made of aluminum, copper, stainless steel, and PTFE. Each charge value is represented by a dot at a position corresponding to the work function values of copper, stainless steel and PTFE. The marked points are linearized using the linear regression method, and the work function value of these plastic particles is the point where the line meets the horizontal axis and the straight line, which means the charge amount of the plastic particles according to the material.

At this time, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the work function value sequence of the plastic particles according to the material is in the order of H-PVC, CO-PP, LDPE, HDPE, PET, HIPS, ABS and PMMA, each work function Values are 5.32 eV, 5.04 eV, 4.92 eV, 4.77 eV, 4.42 eV, 4.31 eV, 4.08 eV and 3.72 eV. At this time, the preferred work function values of H-PVC, CO-PP, LDPE, HDPE, PET, HIPS, ABS, and PMMA according to the present invention are 5.2 eV to 5.4 eV, 5.0 eV to 5.1 eV, 4.7 eV to 4.9 eV, 4.4 eV to 4.6 eV, 4.2 eV to 4.39 eV, 3.9 eV to 4.1 eV and 3.6 eV to 3.8 eV.

The larger the difference in work function value between plastics by material is, the higher the charges of opposite polarity are. The smaller the difference in work function is, the lower the charge amount of opposite polarity is. As described above, the work function value of the plastic established according to the present invention is used as basic data for predicting the lower electrode property and the charge size of the plastic. In addition, the materials of PVC, CO-PP, LDPE, and HDPE according to the second embodiment of the present invention are charged with (-) polarity as compared to metal charged materials (aluminum, copper, and stainless steel). It is located below the Fermi level of, and electrons from the metal reach the plastic acceptor. On the contrary, the material of HIPS, PET, ABS, and PMMA is positively charged compared to the metal charged material. This is because it is located relatively above the Fermi level of the metal and loses electrons from the donor phases of the metal to the metal and is positively charged.

The present invention has been shown and described with reference to the preferred embodiments as described above, but is not limited to the above embodiments and those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Various changes and modifications will be possible.

For example, the plastic particles and charge transfer materials used to establish the charging sequence of the plastic are DPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, HOMO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA, H-PVC, S- Other materials may be used besides PVC, RUBBER and CALIBER, PTFE, PVC, PP, HDPE, PS, ABS, PMMA and PET.

In addition, the plastic particles used to measure the work function values of plastics and the materials of the charge transfer are HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA and H-PVC, copper, aluminum, stainless steel and Other materials besides PTFE can be used.

The vertical double charge device for establishing a charging sequence between plastics for each material of the present invention and for measuring the work function value of plastics for each material has an economical effect due to the simple configuration of the device.

In addition, the vertical reciprocating type charging device of the present invention can be provided with a plurality of charge cylinders for charging the plastic particles, there is an effect that the processing speed is faster in charging the plastic particles.

In addition, the charging sequence establishing method between plastics for each material of the present invention has advantages in that the charging sequence can be established with almost no error by using plastic particles and charged materials (charged transfer materials) of various materials.

In addition, the method of measuring the work function value of the plastics for each material of the present invention is an indirect method using a predetermined work function value and the amount of charge of the plastic particles, and thus it is difficult to directly measure the work function value of the plastic particles. There is an effect available.

Claims (16)

A charge cylinder for supplying plastic particles therein and for charging the particles by friction or collision; A fixing plate for fixing the charged tube in contact with the charged tube; And Including a drive unit for vibrating the charged tube by vertically reciprocating the fixed plate, Vertical reciprocating charging device to charge the plastic particles by material to establish the charging sequence between plastics by material and to measure the work function. The method of claim 1, The material of the particles used to measure the work function value is a vertical reciprocating charging device of at least two or more of HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA and H-PVC. The method of claim 2, The material of the charge cylinder used to measure the work function value is a vertical reciprocating charging device of at least two or more of copper, aluminum, stainless steel and PTFE. The method of claim 1, The material of the particles used to establish the charging sequence is at least two of HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, HOMO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA, H-PVC, S-PVC, RUBBER and CALIBER More than two vertical reciprocating charging devices. The method of claim 4, wherein The material of the charge tube used to establish the charging sequence is a vertical reciprocating charging device of at least one of PTFE, PVC, PP, HDPE, PS, ABS, PMMA and PET. The method according to claim 3 or 5, Vertical charge reciprocating device is provided with at least one charge cylinder. The method of claim 6, The driving unit, A rotating plate connected to the motor and rotating; And One end is connected to the fixed plate, the other end is connected to the rotary plate cam shaft for converting the rotational movement of the rotary plate into a linear motion to vertically reciprocate the fixed plate Vertical reciprocating charging device comprising a. In the method of establishing the charging sequence between the plastic by material using a charging device, A first step of preparing plastic particles by crushing the plastic; Injecting the particles into a charged tube; A third step in which the particles are charged by friction or collision by the vertical reciprocating motion of the charged cylinder; And A fourth step of calculating the charged amount of the particles and comparing the charged amount according to the material of the particle Charging sequence formulation method of plastic using a vertical reciprocating charging device comprising a. The method of claim 8, The material of the particles is a vertical reciprocating charging device of at least two of DPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, HOMO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA, H-PVC, S-PVC, RUBBER and CALIBER. Charging sequence establishment method of the used plastic. The method of claim 9, The material of the charge tube is a charging sequence of the plastic using a vertical reciprocating charging device of at least one of PTFE, PVC, PP, HDPE, PS, ABS, PMMA and PET. The method of claim 10, The charging sequence according to the material of the particles is a vertical reciprocating charging device that is polarized in the order of H-PVC, S-PVC, COPP, HOMO-PP, LDPE, HDPE, PET, RUBBER, HIPS, CALIBER, ABS, GPPS and PMMA Charging sequence establishment method of plastic using. In the method of measuring the work function value of plastic for each material by using a charging device, A first step of preparing plastic particles by crushing the plastic; Injecting the particles into a charged tube; A third step in which the particles are charged by friction or collision by the vertical reciprocating motion of the charged cylinder; Calculating a charged amount of the charged particles; A fifth step of forming a graph having a work function value according to the material of the charge cylinder as a horizontal axis and a charge amount as a vertical axis; A sixth step of displaying a charge amount of the plastic particles as a dot at a position corresponding to a work function value according to the material of the charged cylinder; And A seventh step of linearizing the points by a linear regression method and extending the straight line until an intersection point with the horizontal axis is formed; Method of measuring the work function of plastic using a vertical reciprocating charging device comprising a. The method of claim 12, The material of the particle is HDPE, LDPE, GPPS, HIPS, CO-PP, PET, ABS, PMMA and H-PVC at least two or more of the work function value measuring method of plastic using a vertical reciprocating charging device. The method of claim 13, The material of the charge cylinder is a method of measuring the work function of the plastic using a vertical reciprocating charging device of at least two of copper, aluminum, stainless steel and PTFE. The method of claim 14, The sequence of work function values according to the material of the particles is H-PVC, CO-PP, LDPE, HDPE, PET, HIPS, ABS and PMMA method of measuring the work function of plastic using a vertical reciprocating charging device. The method of claim 15, The work function values of the H-PVC, CO-PP, LDPE, HDPE, PET, HIPS, ABS, and PMMA are 5.2 eV to 5.4 eV, 5.0 eV to 5.1 eV, 4.7 eV to 4.9 eV, 4.4 eV to 4.6 eV, Method for measuring the work function value of plastic using a vertical reciprocating charging device of 4.2eV to 4.39eV, 3.9eV to 4.1eV and 3.6eV to 3.8eV.

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