KR20080068259A - Separation apparatus for shaft bearings of a railroad car - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus of separating a shaft bearing of a railway vehicle is provided to prevent the shaft bearing from being damaged in separation of the shaft bearing by inserting a locking protrusion of an upper jig into a gap between an inner wheel body and a deflector of the shaft bearing and then lifting the shaft bearing. An apparatus of separating a shaft bearing(900) of a railway vehicle comprises an upper jig(100), an upper jig piston(200), an upper jig operation panel(300), a lower jig(400) for fixing a body of the shaft bearing, a lower jig cylinder(500), a lower jig operation valve(600), a decompressor(700) and a compressor(800). The upper jig is inserted into a gap between an inner wheel body and a deflector of the shaft bearing. The upper jig operation panel controls a height of the upper jig piston. The lower jig operation panel controls a height of the lower jig cylinder.

Description

Separation apparatus for shaft bearings of a railroad car}

1 is a cross-sectional view of a general wheel bearing.

2 is an exploded embodiment of a seal and a deflector using a conventional fryer

3 is an overall configuration diagram of a wheel bearing decomposition air hole of the present invention.

Figure 4 is an overall configuration diagram of the upper jig of the present invention the wheel bearing disassembly.

Figure 5 is a front view of the base plate in the upper jig of the present invention wheel bearing disassembly.

Figure 6 is a front view of the detachable plate in the upper jig of the present invention wheel bearing disassembly.

Figure 7 is a front view of the moving plate in the upper jig of the present invention the wheel bearing disassembly.

Figure 8 is a front view of the fixing plate in the upper jig of the present invention the wheel bearing disassembly.

Figure 9 is a front view of the pull-out state protruding detachable plate from the upper jig of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the overall configuration of the lower jig of the present invention, the rolling shaft disassembly sphere.

Figure 11 is a perspective view of the lower jig of the present invention the wheel bearing disassembly.

12 is a state in which the wheeled bearing is fixed to the lower jig of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a state in which an upper jig is moved into the wheel bearing of FIG. 12; FIG.

FIG. 14 is a state diagram in which the upper jig of FIG. 13 is fixed in a drawn state. FIG.

15 is a cross-sectional view of the pulled state of FIG.

16 is a state in which the seal and the deflector are separated from the wheel bearing.

17 is a state in which the seal and the deflector removed from the upper jig of FIG.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: fried food 100: upper jig

110: bottom 111: putting on and taking off plate

112: Transfer bolt bottom plate guide groove 113: Bottom plate fixing bolt

114: Bottom plate open Safety lock pin groove 115: Bottom plate lock Safety lock pin groove

116: bottom groove 120: putting on and taking off plate

121: Transfer Bolt 122: Jam Jaw

130: moving plate 131: moving plate body

131-1: Transfer plate center hole 131-2; Transfer bolt moving plate guide hole

131-3; Moving plate safety fixing pin hole 132: Moving plate handle

140: fixed plate 141: fixed plate body

141-1: Mounting plate center hole 141-2; Moving plate handle guide face

141-3: Retaining plate recess 141-4; Retaining plate open Safety retaining pin hole

141-5: Locking plate lock Safety lock pin hole 142: Locking plate handle

150: upper fixing nut 160: safety fixing pin

200: upper jig piston 300: upper jig operation panel

400: lower jig 410: lower plate

420: Medium 421: Fixing device

430: Top plate 431: Seal / deflector through hole

432: outer ring body fixing groove 440: fixed shaft

500: lower jig cylinder 600: lower jig operating valve

700: reducer 800: compressor

900: wheel bearing 910: seal

920: deflector 930: inner ring body

940: outer ring body 950: spacer

960: roll bearing

The present invention relates to a device for extracting the seal 910 and the deflector 920 from the wheelset bearing 900 of a high speed railway vehicle and a general railroad vehicle, and more specifically, the upper jig 100 inside the wheelset bearing 900. Insert the locking jaw 122 of the upper jig 100 into the gap between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 of the wheel bearing 900, then lift and seal the seal 910 in the wheel bearing 900. And disassembling the deflector 920, and the present invention relates to an air hole for disassembling the wheelset bearing 900 of a railroad vehicle having a reusable effect without damaging the wheelset bearing 900.

Normally, railroad cars such as locomotives, electric cars, passenger cars, and wagons are under heavy repair work in which all parts of the railroad cars are completely dismantled and reassembled for maintenance.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the inspection process of the wheel bearing 900 which is fitted to the wheelset of a railroad vehicle during the heavy water line work will be described.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a general wheel bearing 900, Figure 2 is a view showing an exploded embodiment of the seal 910 and the deflector 920 using a conventional bar.

First, the configuration of the wheel bearing 900 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the outer ring body 940 located outside the wheel bearing 900 and the inner ring body 930 positioned up and down inside the wheel bearing 900 will be described. , A spacer 950 positioned at the center of the wheel bearing 900, a roll bearing 960 rotating between the inner ring body 930 and the outer ring body 940, and the inner ring body above and below the wheel bearing 900. 930, a seal 910 covering the outer ring body 940, and a deflector 920.

In order to inspect the wheelset bearing 900 configured as described above, first, the wheelset bearing 900 is extracted from the wheelset, and then the wheelset bearing 900 is disassembled again. First, the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are wheelset bearings ( And push the inner ring body 930, the roll bearing 960, the spacer 950 from the wheel bearing (900), and then start maintenance work to determine the life cycle of the wheel bearing (900) or to overhaul. After the maintenance is completed, and after maintenance is completed, the accessories of the wheel bearing 900 and the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are assembled in sequence, and then fitted into the wheelset of the railway vehicle to complete the inspection work.

In this railroad vehicle, the inspection work of the wheel bearing 900 must be performed by a worker by hand, and the chisel and hammer or specially manufactured are interposed between the gap formed in the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 of the wheel bearing 900. Using a tool such as a fryer bar 10, the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are separated from the wheelset bearing 900 on a lapstick principle (see FIG. 2).

However, in the case of using equipment such as chisels, hammers, or fryer bars 10, the seal 910 and deflector 920 portions may be bent and deformed when disassembled, or the outer ring body 940, the spacer 950, and the inner ring body 930 may be deformed. There is a problem in that a trace of shock occurs, and damage to the product is caused by the impact during disassembly. In addition, there is a problem that the bent or damaged seal 910 and deflector 920 are not reused.

In addition, the problem as described above has to be re-purchased some parts or reconstruction bearing (900) itself, there is a problem that the cost is due to this.

In addition, the operator inspecting the wheel bearing (900) is to minimize the damage to reassemble the seal (910) and deflector (920) after the maintenance is completed, to maintain the most circular, and to reduce the impact on the wheel bearing (900) Since it is necessary to pay attention to the resulting work time is long, there is a problem that the work efficiency of the worker is lowered.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, to minimize the damage of the wheel bearing (900) to provide a device for disassembling the seal 910 and the deflector 920 in the wheel bearing (900) for that purpose. do.

An upper jig 100 is inserted into the gap between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 by being inserted into the wheeled bearing 900 of the railroad vehicle according to the present invention. An upper jig piston (200) for moving the upper jig (100) up and down to insert the upper jig (100) into and out of the wheel bearing (900); An upper jig operating panel 300 for adjusting the vertical movement height and hydraulic pressure of the upper jig piston 200 or stopping the operation of the upper jig piston 200 in an emergency and displaying a supply power and an overload state; A lower jig 400 for holding the body of the wheeled bearing 900; A lower jig cylinder 500 for moving the position of the lower jig 400 up and down; A lower jig operating valve 600 for adjusting a vertical movement height of the lower jig cylinder 500; Pressure reducer 700 for supplying a constant air pressure to the lower jig cylinder (500); And a compressor 800 generating air to be supplied to the lower jig cylinder 500.

Preferably, the upper jig 100 is characterized in that the edge portion is configured to move in and out between the gap between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 by the handle operation.

Preferably, the upper jig 100 is further characterized in that it further comprises a locking device for fixing the operating state in operation.

Preferably, the locking device is characterized in that it comprises a groove to fasten the lock and release, and a rod that is fixed to enter the groove.

Preferably, the locking device is characterized in that the scale that can be confirmed that the edge of the upper jig 100 is completely inserted into the seal 910 and the deflector 920.

Preferably, the lower jig 400 is equipped with a fixing device 421 for fixing the lower portion of the wheelset bearing 900 so that the wheelset bearing 900 is fixed at the correct position, and the seal 910 and the deflector 920. The outer ring body fixing groove 432 for fixing so that only the outer ring body 940 of the wheelset bearing 900 is pressed during drawing.

With reference to the drawings will be described in detail the configuration of the disassembled air hole of the wheeled bearing (900) of the present invention railway vehicle.

3 is an overall configuration diagram of the wheel bearing 900 disassembled air ball of the present invention.

First, the upper jig 100 is inserted into the wheel bearing (900) is inserted into the inner ring body 930 and the deflector (920) of the wheel bearing (900) and fixed; An upper jig piston (200) for moving the upper jig (100) up and down to insert the upper jig (100) into and out of the wheel shaft bearing (900); An upper jig operating panel 300 for adjusting the vertical movement height and the hydraulic pressure of the upper jig piston 200 or stopping the operation of the upper jig piston 200 in an emergency and displaying a supply power and an overload state; A lower jig 400 for holding the body of the wheeled bearing 900; A lower jig cylinder 500 for moving the position of the lower jig 400 up and down; A lower jig operating valve 600 for adjusting a vertical movement height of the lower jig cylinder 500; Pressure reducer 700 for supplying a constant air pressure to the lower jig cylinder (500); And a compressor 800 for generating air to be supplied to the lower jig cylinder 500.

The configuration of the upper jig 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 9.

4 is an overall configuration diagram of the upper jig 100 in the disassembled air hole of the wheel bearing 900, Figure 5 is a front view of the bottom plate 110 in the upper jig 100, Figure 6 is detachable from the upper jig 100 7 is a front view of the plate 120, Figure 7 is a front view of the movable plate 130 in the upper jig 100, Figure 8 is a front view of the fixing plate 140 in the upper jig 100, Figure 9 is in the upper jig It is a front view of the drawing state which detachable plate protruded.

First, referring to the overall configuration of the upper jig 100 with reference to Figure 4, the upper jig 100 is placed on the bottom to combine the plate to be mounted on the top of the body bolts, the progress of the removable plate 120 A base plate 110 for guiding a direction; A detachable plate 120 mounted on the bottom plate 110 and having an end reciprocating between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 of the wheel bearing 900 by a handle operation; A moving plate 130 mounted on the detachable plate 120 to manipulate the detachable plate 120 back and forth by the left and right movement of the body; A fixed plate 140 mounted on the movable plate 130 to be fixed to the bottom plate 110 and serving as a support band when the movable plate 130 is moved; An upper fixing nut 150 which is fastened to the bolt in the center of the lower plate 110 to tighten and release the lower plate 110, the removable plate 120, the movable plate 130, and the fixing plate 140; And a safety fixing pin 160 for fixing the bottom plate 110, the detachable plate 120, the movable plate 130, and the fixing plate 140 in an open state and a locked state according to the movement of the movable plate 130. It is composed of

Here, looking at the configuration of the bottom plate 110 with reference to Figure 5, the bottom plate 110 is mounted on the removable plate 120 in the form of a removable plate 120 so that the removable plate 120 is placed on the body edge of the bottom plate 110. Groove 111; The transfer bolt bottom plate guide groove which is located at the center of the detachable plate seating groove 111 as a groove on which the transfer bolt 121 of the detachable plate 120 is seated to guide the front / rear movement direction of the transfer bolt 121 ( 112); A bottom plate fixing bolt 113 connected to the upper jig piston 200 and positioned at the center of the bottom plate 110 to combine the plates placed on the bottom plate into one and fixing the fixing plate 140; A bottom plate opening safety fixing pin groove 114 in which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted when the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are pulled out; And a bottom plate locking safety fixing pin groove 115 in which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted before and after the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are pulled out.

Looking at the configuration of the removable plate 120 with reference to Figure 6, the removable plate 120 is the size to enter the removable plate seating groove 111 in the body end of the screw and the head portion of the transfer bolt bottom plate respectively Inserted into the guide groove 112 and the following transfer bolt moving plate guide hole (131-2), by the adjustment of the transfer bolt moving plate guide hole (131-2) to the length of the bottom plate guide groove 112 of the transfer bolt Transfer bolt 121 to move forward / backward; And a detachable end of the detachable plate 120 formed of a sharp inclined surface, and falls between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920, and when the drawer is drawn, supports the seal 910 and the deflector 920 at the gap. It consists of the jaw 122.

Looking at the configuration of the movable plate 130 with reference to Figure 7, the movable plate 130 is mounted on the removable plate 120 is moved to adjust the movement of the transfer bolt 121 according to the left / right movement Plate body 131; And a moving plate handle 132 mounted on the moving plate body 131 to adjust the moving plate body 131 to the left / right.

Here, the moving plate body 131 is located in the center of the moving plate central hole (131-1) is inserted into the bottom plate fixing bolt 113; A transfer bolt moving plate guide hole 131-2 for inserting the transfer bolt 121 and adjusting the movement of the transfer bolt 121; And a movable plate safety fixing pin hole 131-3 in which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted at the time of the seal 910 and the deflector 920 being taken out or before the withdrawal of the safety fixing pin 160. do.

Looking at the configuration of the fixing plate 140 with reference to Figure 8, the fixing plate 140 is a fixed plate body 141 is mounted on the movable plate 130 and fixed to the bottom plate 110; And a fixing plate handle 142 mounted to the fixing plate body 141 and including a chain or a connecting ring to suspend the safety fixing pin 160 and serving as a support of the moving plate body handle 132.

Wherein the fixing plate body 141 is fixed to the center plate hole (141-1) is inserted into the bottom plate fixing bolt 113 in the center; A moving plate handle guide surface 141-2 for guiding the moving plate handle 132 to move at one end of an outer circumference of the fixed plate body 141; A fixing plate recess 141-3 formed to fix the fixing plate 140 to the bottom plate fixing bolt 113; A fixing plate opening safety fixing pin hole 141-4 on which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted when the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are pulled out; And a fixing plate locking safety fixing pin hole 141-5 to which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted before and after the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are drawn out.

The safety fixing pins 160 are marked on the body of the safety fixing pins 160 to visually check whether the plate is completely inserted from the fixing plate 140 to the moving plate 130, the removable plate 120 and the bottom plate. Not shown)

Next, the assembly sequence of the components of the upper jig 100 will be described. First, the detachable plate 120 is placed on the detachable plate seating groove 111 of the base plate 110 and the transfer bolt 121 is transferred to the bottom plate guide groove. The bottom plate 110 and the detachable plate 120 are combined with each other, and then the moving plate center hole 131-1 passes through the bottom plate fixing bolt 113, and the transfer bolt moving plate guide hole 131-2 is inserted therein. To pass through the transfer bolt 121 and combine the moving plate 130 on the removable plate 120, and then pass through the fixing plate center hole (141-1) through the base plate fixing bolt 113 and fixing plate groove (141-) 3) the bottom plate groove 116 and the fixing plate 140 is combined to put on the moving plate 130, and then tighten the upper fixing nut 150 to the bottom plate fixing bolt 113 and then the bottom plate groove 116 and the fixing plate Put the bolt in the groove (141-3) to fix the fixing plate 140 to the base plate (110).

Looking at the drawing state of the assembled upper jig 100 with reference to Figure 9, the removable plate 120 is protruding than the bottom plate 110, the moving plate 130, the fixed plate 140 and the transfer bolt moves It can be confirmed that the conveying bolt 121 is moved forward / backward by adjusting the plate guide hole 131-2.

Meanwhile, the configuration of the lower jig 400 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.

10 is an overall configuration diagram of the lower jig 400 of the present invention wheeled bearing 900 disassembled air ball, Figure 11 is a view showing a perspective view of the lower jig 400.

Looking at the prerequisite configuration of the lower jig 400 with reference to Figure 10, the lower jig 400 is a lower plate 410 on which the body of the lower jig cylinder 500 is mounted; A middle plate 420 mounted on a top surface of the wheel shaft 900 and a head of the lower jig cylinder 500 mounted on a bottom surface thereof and moving up and down by the compressor 800; A top plate 430 having a groove formed at the center to exit the seal 910 and the deflector 920 and pressing the outer ring body 940 of the wheel shaft bearing 900 to the perforated edge when the upper jig 100 is pulled out. ; And a fixed shaft 440 that sequentially connects the lower plate 410, the middle plate 420, and the upper plate 430.

The top plate 430 is a seal / deflector through hole 431 of the size that can pass through the seal 910 and the deflector 920 of the wheelset bearing 900 in the center of the body; And an outer ring body fixing groove 432 formed at a predetermined depth at the edge of the seal / deflector through hole 431 at the bottom of the upper plate 430 to press the outer ring body 940 when the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are disassembled. It is composed.

Looking at the configuration of the middle plate 420 with reference to Figure 11, the groove is formed in the center of the middle plate 420, the roller bearing (900) is raised, the position of the wheel bearing (900) around the groove A fixing device 421 for fixing is mounted.

Next, an operation process of the disassembled air ball of the wheeled bearing 900 of the railway vehicle of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 17.

12 is a state diagram in which the wheel bearing is fixed to the lower jig, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the state in which the upper jig is moved into the wheel bearing, and FIG. 14 is a state diagram in which the upper jig is fixed in a drawn state. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the drawn state of FIG. 14, FIG. 16 is a state diagram in which the seal and the deflector are separated from the wheel bearing, and FIG. 17 is a state diagram in which the seal and the deflector are removed from the upper jig.

First, push the wheel bearing 900 to the fixing device 421 of the lower jig 400 and the middle plate 420, and then operate the lower jig operation valve 600 so that the lower jig cylinder 500 pushes up the middle plate 420. Thus, the outer ring body 940 of the wheeled bearing 900 is inserted into the outer ring body fixing groove 432 of the upper plate 430. (See FIG. 12).

The bottom plate locking safety pin pin groove 115, the movable plate safety pin pin hole 131-3, and the fixing plate lock safety pin pin hole are separated from the movable plate handle 132 of the upper jig 100 by the fixing plate handle 142. Insert the safety fixing pin 160 into the lock (141-5) to fix the upper jig 100 in a locked state, and then operate the upper jig operating panel 300 to lower the upper jig piston 200 to lower the upper jig 100. Is inserted into the wheelset bearing (900).

Looking at the state in which the upper jig 100 is inserted into the wheelset bearing 900 with reference to Figure 13, the upper jig 100 is the bottom plate 110, the removable plate 120, the movable plate by the safety fixing pin 160 130 and the fixing plate 140 are fixed in a locked state, and the removable plate 120 is located between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 of the wheel bearing 900.

Subsequently, the safety fixing pin 160 of the upper jig 100 is pulled out and the moving plate handle 132 is pulled toward the fixing plate handle 142, and the bottom plate is open the safety fixing pin groove 114 and the moving plate safety fixing pin hole 131-. 3) and the fixing plate opening safety fixing pin hole (141-4) to put the safety fixing pin 160 to fix the upper jig 100 in the open state. (See Figure 14)

Referring to FIG. 15 and FIG. 13, the upper jig 100 is opened and the upper jig 100 is locked. Referring to FIG. 15, the engaging jaw 122 of the detachable plate 120 is the inner ring of the wheel shaft bearing 900. It can be seen that the gap is inserted between the sieve 930 and the deflector 920.

Subsequently, when the upper jig operating panel 300 is operated to raise the upper jig piston 200, the locking jaw 122 lifts the seal 910 and the deflector 920 from the wheel bearing 900 and the outer ring body fixing groove. 432 presses the outer ring body 940 and the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are caught by the locking jaw 122 by the principle of the lever and separated from the wheel bearing 900.

At this time, the seal 910 and the deflector 920 disassembled from the wheel bearing 900 are in close contact with the latching jaw 122 and the upper jig 100 as shown in FIG. 16, and the safety fixing pin 160 is secured in this state. The seal 910 and the deflector 920 may be removed from the upper jig 100 by moving the handle of the moving plate 132 away from the fixing plate 142 so that the locking jaw 122 enters the upper jig 100. (See Figure 17)

In the detailed description of the present invention, specific embodiments have been described, but various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined not only by the claims below but also by the equivalents of the claims.

According to the present invention as described above, since the operation of separating the seal 910 and the deflector 920 from the wheel bearing (900) can be made by the wheel bearing (900) disassembly rather than manual work, the time required for inspection work There is an effect that can be shortened.

In addition, the wheel bearing 900 can be easily disassembled, thereby improving the work efficiency of the worker.

And there is an effect that can prevent damage to the spacer 950, the inner ring body 930, the outer ring body 940 that may occur in the inspection operation of the wheel bearing 900.

In addition, since the damage is minimized when disassembling the wheel bearing 900, the seal 910 and the deflector 920 can be reused after the inspection operation, and thus, the seal 910 and the deflector 920 can be used for repair or replacement of new parts. There is an effect to reduce the cost.

Claims (17)

An upper jig 100 inserted into the wheel bearing 900 and inserted into and fixed to a gap between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 of the wheel bearing 900; An upper jig piston (200) for moving the upper jig (100) up and down to be inserted into and removed from the wheel bearing (900); An upper jig operating panel 300 for adjusting the vertical movement height and the hydraulic pressure of the upper jig piston 200 or stopping the operation of the upper jig piston 200 in an emergency and displaying a supply power and an overload state; A lower jig 400 for holding the body of the wheeled bearing 900; A lower jig cylinder 500 for moving the position of the lower jig 400 up and down; A lower jig operating valve 600 for adjusting a vertical movement height of the lower jig cylinder 500; A pressure reducer 700 for supplying air pressure to the lower jig cylinder 500; And a compressor (800) for generating air to be supplied to the lower jig cylinder (500). The method of claim 1, The upper jig 100 is a wheel shaft disassembly air hole of the railroad vehicle, characterized in that the edge portion by the handle operation is configured to move in and out between the gap between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector (920). The method according to claim 1 or 2, The upper jig 100 is a wheel shaft disassembly air hole of the railway vehicle, characterized in that it further comprises a locking device for fixing the operating state in operation. The method of claim 3, The locking device is a grooved shaft disassembly air hole of the railway vehicle, characterized in that consisting of a groove and a rod that is fixed to enter the groove so as to quickly lock and release. The method of claim 4, wherein The rod entering the groove is a wheel shaft disassembly air hole of a railway vehicle, characterized in that the scale indicating the depth is displayed. The method according to claim 1 or 3, The upper jig 100 is coupled to the bottom plate to be placed on the bottom of the body to the bolt, the bottom plate 110 to guide the progress of the removable plate 120; A detachable plate 120 mounted on the bottom plate 110 and having an end in and out between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 of the wheel bearing 900 by a handle operation; A moving plate 130 mounted on the detachable plate 120 to manipulate the detachable plate 120 back and forth by the left and right movement of the body; A fixed plate 140 mounted on the movable plate 130 to be fixed to the bottom plate 110 and serving as a support band when the movable plate 130 is moved; An upper fixing nut 150 which is fastened to the bolt in the center of the lower plate 110 to tighten and release the lower plate 110, the removable plate 120, the movable plate 130, and the fixing plate 140; And a safety fixing pin 160 for fixing the bottom plate 110, the detachable plate 120, the movable plate 130, and the fixing plate 140 according to the movement of the movable plate 130. Wheel disassembly air hole of rolling stock. The method of claim 6, The bottom plate 110 is a detachable plate seating recess recessed in the form of a removable plate 120 so that the removable plate 120 is mounted on the body edge of the base plate 110 and; The transfer bolt bottom plate guide groove which is formed in the center of the detachable plate seating groove 111 as a groove on which the transfer bolt 121 of the attachable and detachable plate 120 is guided to guide the front / rear movement direction of the transfer bolt 121 ( 112); A bottom plate fixing bolt 113 connected to the upper jig piston 200 and coupled to one plate located at the center of the bottom plate 110 to fix the fixing plate 140; A bottom plate opening safety fixing pin groove 114 in which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted when the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are pulled out; And a bottom plate locking safety fixing pin groove 115 in which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted before and after the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are pulled out. The method of claim 7, wherein The bottom plate fixing bolt 113 is a wheel shaft disassembly air hole of the railway vehicle, characterized in that the bottom plate groove 116 for fixing the fixing plate 140 is formed. The method of claim 6, The detachable plate 120 is a size that fits into the detachable plate seating recess 111 of the bottom plate 110 to connect two or more detachable plates 120 to form a circle-shape of the railway vehicle, characterized in that the circular shape Air vents. The method of claim 9, The detachable plate 120 is positioned at the center of the body, and the end and the head of the screw are respectively inserted into the transfer bolt bottom plate guide groove 112 and the following transfer bolt moving plate guide hole 131-2, and the transfer bolt A transfer bolt 121 that moves forward / backward to the length of the transfer bolt bottom plate guide groove 112 by adjusting a moving plate guide hole 131-2; And the end of the removable plate 120 is made of a sharp inclined surface falling in and out between the gap between the inner ring body 930 and the deflector 920 of the wheel bearing 900, the seal 910 and the deflector (inserted in the gap) Wheel shaft disassembly air hole of the railway vehicle, characterized in that consisting of a locking jaw (122) holding the 920. The method of claim 6, The moving plate 130 is mounted on the removable plate 120, the moving plate body 131 for controlling the movement of the transfer bolt according to the left / right movement; And a movable plate handle 132 mounted on the movable plate body 131 to adjust the movable plate body 131 to move left / right. The method of claim 11, The moving plate body 131 includes a transfer bolt moving plate guide hole 131-2 to which the transfer bolt 121 is inserted and controls the movement of the transfer bolt 121; And a moving plate safety fixing pin hole (131-3) into which the safety fixing pin 160 is inserted and mounted. The method of claim 6, The fixing plate 140 is mounted on the moving plate 130, the fixing plate body 141 is fixed to the bottom plate 110; And a fixed plate handle 142 mounted to the fixed plate body 141 to be a support of the moving plate handle 132. The method of claim 13, The fixed plate body 141 includes a movable plate handle guide surface 141-2 for guiding the movable plate handle 132 to move at one end of the outer circumference of the fixed plate body 141; A fixing plate recess 141-3 for fixing the fixing plate 140 to the bottom plate fixing bolt 113; A fixing plate opening safety fixing pin hole 141-4 on which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted when the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are pulled out; And a fixed plate locking safety fixing pin hole 141-5 in which the safety fixing pin 160 is mounted before and after the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are drawn out. . The method according to claim 8 or 14 The bottom plate groove 116 and the fixed plate groove (141-3) is tightened by a bolt, the fixed plate is fixed to the bottom plate 110, the wheel shaft bearing disassembly air hole, characterized in that. The method of claim 13, The fixed plate handle 142 is a wheel shaft disassembly air hole of the railway vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a chain connecting the safety pins 160 and the fixed plate handle 142. The method of claim 1, The lower jig 400 includes a fixing device 421 for fixing a lower portion of the wheeled bearing 900 so that the wheeled bearing 900 is fixed at the correct position; The outer ring body fixing groove 432 for fixing so that only the outer ring body 940 of the wheelset bearing 900 is pressed when the seal 910 and the deflector 920 are pulled out.

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