KR20080060108A - Three dimensional image display panel and three dimensional image display device having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A 3D image display panel and a 3D image display apparatus having the same are provided to convert an image into a 2D image or a 3D image easily by applying or cutting off voltage to first and second electrode layers of a 3D image display panel. A 3D(Dimensional) image display panel(100) is attached to an outer surface of a display panel(10), and converts an image from the display panel into a 3D image or 2D image. The 3D image display panel comprises first and second substrates(140,190) and an LC(Liquid Crystal) layer(150). In the first substrate, a first electrode layer(120) is formed in first substrate material(110). In the second substrate, a refraction layer(180) of a concave lens shape is formed in second substrate material(160). The second substrate is attached as facing the first substrate. The LC layer is interposed between the first electrode layer and the refraction layer. A refraction index of the refraction layer is larger than a short axial refraction index of the LC layer as much as 0.8%~4%.

Description

3D image display panel and 3D image display apparatus including the same {THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGE DISPLAY PANEL AND THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE HAVING THE SAME}

1 is a block diagram showing a three-dimensional display device of the barrier type according to the prior art,

2 is a block diagram showing a three-dimensional display device of the lenticular lens type according to the prior art,

3 is a cross-sectional view of a stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention;

4A and 4D are diagrams for explaining the principle of converting two-dimensional (3D) and three-dimensional (3D) displays.

5 and 6 are views for explaining the effect of the present invention.

Explanation of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings

10: display panel 100: stereoscopic image display panel

110: first substrate material 120: first electrode layer

130: first alignment layer 140: first substrate

150: liquid crystal layer 160: second substrate material

170: second electrode layer 180: refractive layer

  185: second alignment layer 190: second substrate

The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display panel and a stereoscopic image display apparatus including the same. More particularly, a three-dimensional (3D) display and a three-dimensional (3D: three-dimensional) display conversion are possible and the image quality is improved. A display panel and a stereoscopic image display device including the same are provided.

One of the most commonly used methods for implementing a stereoscopic display technology is a method using binocular display. The method of using bilateral parallax is to express the image taken by the camera corresponding to the left eye and the image taken by the camera corresponding to the right eye on the same display module, and to make it enter the viewer's left eye and the right eye, respectively. By inputting images observed from different angles to the eyes, the viewer can recognize the sense of space through the brain.

In this case, a method of dividing the image into the viewer's left eye and the right eye may be divided into a method of using a barrier and a method of using a lenticular lens, which is a kind of cylindrical lens. .

1 is a block diagram illustrating a barrier type stereoscopic display device according to the related art, and illustrates a method of using a barrier.

The barrier type stereoscopic display device according to the related art is a display module 1 in which a left eye image L and a right eye image R are displayed as a stereoscopic image display surface, as shown in FIG. The display module 1 is disposed to face the display module 1 and includes a slit barrier 2 alternately formed with an opening 2a and a blocking part 2b.

In the barrier type, light is blocked using the light shielding portion 2b of the slit barrier 2 to divide the left eye image L and the right eye image R into the viewer's left eye and right eye, respectively.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a stereoscopic display apparatus in which a lenticular lens type according to the prior art is used to describe a method of using a lenticular lens.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lenticular lens type stereoscopic display device according to the related art is provided with a display module 3 on which a left eye image L and a right eye image R are respectively displayed, and on one side of the display module 3. And an attached lenticular screen 4.

The barrier type of FIG. 1 divides left and right eye images (R, L) by blocking light, whereas the lenticular lens type of FIG. 2 uses autonomous and right eye images (L, R) by changing the optical path using a lenticular lens. The advantage is that the brightness is not lowered as compared with the barrier type.

However, such a conventional barrier type or lenticular lens type stereoscopic display device is implemented based on a stereoscopic image, and thus it is difficult to turn on / off a function of the barrier or lenticular lens, and thus planar images and stereoscopic images are used. There is a disadvantage that it is difficult to selectively implement by switching the images.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic image display device capable of converting two-dimensional (3D) and three-dimensional (3D) displays, and having improved image quality.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic image display panel capable of converting two-dimensional (3D) and three-dimensional (3D) displays and improving image quality.

According to the present invention, there is provided a display panel; And a stereoscopic image display panel attached to an outer surface of the display panel and converting an image from the display panel into a three-dimensional stereoscopic image or a two-dimensional planar image. The stereoscopic image display panel includes a first electrode layer on a first substrate material. And a concave lens-shaped refractive layer formed on the first substrate, the second substrate material, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first electrode layer and the refractive layer, the second substrate being opposite to the first substrate. The refractive index n of the refractive layer is achieved by a stereoscopic image display device, characterized in that 0.8% to 4% larger than the refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer.

The method may further include a first alignment layer interposed between the first electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer interposed between the liquid crystal layer and the refractive layer, and a second electrode layer positioned between the refractive layer and the second substrate material. can do.

The display panel may be any one of a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), a plasma display panel (PDP), a field emission display (FED), and a vacuum fluorescent display (VFD).

In addition, the refractive index n _{e in} the long axis direction of the liquid crystal layer may be larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer.

According to the present invention, there is provided a display panel; And a stereoscopic image display panel attached to an outer surface of the display panel and converting an image from the display panel into a three-dimensional stereoscopic image or a two-dimensional planar image. The stereoscopic image display panel includes a first electrode layer on a first substrate material. And a concave lens-shaped refractive layer formed on the first substrate, the second substrate material, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first electrode layer and the refractive layer, the second substrate being opposite to the first substrate. The refractive index n of the refractive layer is achieved by a stereoscopic image display device, characterized in that 0.4% to 20% larger than the uniaxial refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer.

Here, the refractive index n _{e in} the long axis direction of the liquid crystal layer may be larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer.

Another object of the present invention, according to the present invention, the first substrate on which the first electrode layer is formed on the first substrate material; A second substrate having a concave lens-shaped refractive layer formed on the second substrate material, the second substrate being opposed to the first substrate; And a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first electrode layer and the refractive layer, wherein the refractive index n of the refractive layer is 0.4% to 20% larger than the uniaxial refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer. Achieved by the panel.

Here, the refractive index n of the refractive layer is preferably 0.8% to 4% larger than the uniaxial refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer.

The first substrate further includes a first alignment layer interposed between the first electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer, and the second substrate includes a second alignment layer interposed between the liquid crystal layer and the refractive layer, and the refractive layer and the second substrate. It may further include a second electrode layer positioned between the substrate material.

In addition, the refractive index n _{e in} the long axis direction of the liquid crystal layer may be larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described the present invention in more detail.

As shown in FIG. 3, the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention includes a display panel 10 displaying an image and a stereoscopic image display panel 100 disposed on the display panel 10.

The display panel 10 according to the present invention is the same as a conventional liquid crystal display (LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the display panel 10 includes a liquid crystal panel 50 and a light source 60 positioned behind the liquid crystal panel 50. The liquid crystal panel 50 includes a thin film transistor substrate 20 on which a thin film transistor (TFT) is formed, a color filter substrate 30 on which a color filter layer is formed, which is attached to the thin film transistor substrate 20, and is formed to face each other. And a liquid crystal layer 40 positioned between 20 and 30. Such a liquid crystal display is a device for displaying a desired image by adjusting the light transmittance of liquid crystal cells arranged in a matrix form according to image signal information. The liquid crystal display is configured to display light emitted from the light source 60. To form an image on the liquid crystal panel 50.

In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal display is used as an apparatus for displaying a 2D image as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and an organic light emitting diode (OLED), a plasma display panel (PDP), a field emission display (FED), a vacuum fluorescent display (VFD), and the like may also be applied.

The stereoscopic image display panel 100 is attached to the outer surface of the display panel 10. Specifically, the stereoscopic image display panel 100 is positioned on the opposite side where the light source 60 is located.

As shown in FIG. 3, the stereoscopic image display panel 100 according to the present invention includes a first substrate 140 and a second substrate 190 which are opposite to each other, and between the substrates 140 and 190. The liquid crystal layer 150 is interposed.

First, the first substrate 140 will be described.

In the first substrate 140, the first electrode layer 120 and the first alignment layer 130 are sequentially formed on the first substrate material 110.

The first substrate material 110 may be made of an insulating material such as glass, quartz, ceramic, or plastic.

The first electrode layer 120 is formed on the entire surface of the first substrate material 110. The first electrode layer 120 is made of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). The first electrode layer 120 forms a vertical electric field together with the second electrode layer 170 to be described later to arrange liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 150 in the vertical direction.

The first alignment layer 130 is formed on the first electrode layer 120. The first alignment layer 130 helps liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 150 to be easily arranged according to an electric field. Specifically, a pretilt angle is formed on the surface of the first alignment layer 130, and the arrangement position or arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules is predetermined according to the pretilt angle, so that the response speed of the liquid crystal molecules with respect to the electric field is increased. Faster. Here, the pretilt angle means that the surface of the first alignment layer 130 forms a predetermined inclination angle by rubbing the surface of the first alignment layer 130 at a predetermined angle, so that the liquid crystal molecules are quickly arranged according to the rubbed inclination angle. Angle of inclination formed on the surface of the alignment film so that it can be made.

Next, the second substrate 190 will be described.

In the second substrate 190, the second electrode layer 170, the refractive layer 180, and the second alignment layer 185 are sequentially formed on the second substrate material 160.

The second substrate material 160 is formed of the same or similar material as the first substrate material 160 described above.

The second electrode layer 170 is formed on the entire surface of the second substrate material 160. Like the first electrode layer 120 described above, the second electrode layer 170 is made of a transparent conductive material such as silver indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO).

A refractive layer 180 having a concave lens shape is formed on the second electrode layer 170. Here, the refractive layer 180 may be made of a polymer organic material. The organic material constituting the refractive layer 180 may be cured by UV. Specifically, the refractive layer 180 may include, for example, polyethylene glycol, acrylate, and an initiator. The refractive layer 180 is coated with a polymer organic material on the second electrode layer 170, and then the polymer in a state in which a concave lens shape is formed on the polymer organic material by using a mold or the like. The refractive layer 180 shown in FIG. 3 may be formed by irradiating and curing UV with an organic material. This is just one exemplary method, and the refractive layer 180 may be manufactured by another method. The refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 is set to be 0.4% to 20% larger than the uniaxial refractive index n ₀ of the liquid crystal layer 150. More preferably, the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 is set to be 0.8% to 4% larger than the uniaxial refractive index n ₀ of the liquid crystal layer 150. Such numerical values may vary depending on the type of liquid crystal and the material of the refractive layer 180. Here, the refractive index n _{e in} the long axis direction of the liquid crystal layer is satisfied under a condition larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer. Meanwhile, the reason why the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 should be set larger than the refractive index n ₀ of the liquid crystal layer 150 will be described in detail in the following paragraphs describing the effects of the present invention.

The second alignment layer 185 is formed on the refractive layer 180. The second alignment layer 185 may have the same or similar structure and material as that of the first alignment layer 130, and a rubbing direction or a pretilt angle may be different from the first alignment layer 130. Here, the second alignment layer 185 may be deleted. If the second alignment layer 185 is deleted, the process may be simplified to reduce manufacturing costs.

4A and 4D, the principle of converting two-dimensional (3D) and three-dimensional (3D) displays will be described. In the following description, the refractive index in the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules will be represented by n _e , the refractive index in the minor axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is represented by n ₀ , and the refractive index of the refractive layer 180 will be represented by n, and the magnitude relationship between them is n = n _0. Assume <n _e . Here, the refractive index n _{e in} the major axis direction of the liquid crystal layer is larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer.

First, the basic property of the liquid crystal will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 4A. In general, the liquid crystal molecules have an anisotropy in which the optical properties are different in the major axis direction and the minor axis direction in a rod shape having a major axis and a minor axis as shown in FIG. That is, in the liquid crystal molecules, properties such as dielectric constant, refractive index, conductivity, and viscosity are different from each other in the direction parallel to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule and the direction perpendicular to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule. The liquid crystal display implements an image by controlling light transmittance using the anisotropy of the love layer. With respect to the refractive index, the liquid crystal molecules have a refractive index n _e in the long axis direction greater than the refractive index n _{0 in the} short axis direction.

The principle of forming a stereoscopic image using the liquid crystal layer 150 will be described with reference to FIG. 4A. When no voltage is applied to the first and second electrode layers 120 and 170 as shown in FIG. 4A, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules forming the liquid crystal layer 150 are parallel to the surfaces of the first and second alignment layers 130 and 185. Will be arranged. When the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in parallel as a whole, the liquid crystal layer 150 exhibits n _e refractive index, so that light is refracted by the difference in refractive index (n <n _e ) between the liquid crystal layer 150 and the refractive layer 180. Accordingly, the liquid crystal layer 150 and the refractive layer 180 may function as a convex lens, and change the path of light to form a stereoscopic image by using the same.

Meanwhile, the principle of forming the planar image will be described with reference to FIG. 4B. As shown in FIG. 4B, when voltage is applied to the first and second electrode layers 120 and 170, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 150 are formed in the electric field direction formed between the first and second electrode layers 120 and 170. Are arranged along. That is, the plurality of liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 150 are arranged such that the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the first substrate material 110. When the liquid crystal molecules are arranged vertically as a whole, the liquid crystal layer 150 exhibits approximately n ₀ refractive index as a whole, so that the refractive indices of the liquid crystal layer 150 and the refractive layer 180 are the same, so that the light is emitted from the liquid crystal layer 150 and the refractive layer. Recognizing 180 as the same medium, the light is not refracted. Accordingly, the planar image passes through the stereoscopic image display panel 100 without refraction, thereby implementing the planar image.

In this way, by applying or blocking voltage to the first and second electrode layers 120 and 170 of the stereoscopic image display panel 100, it may be easily converted to a planar image or a stereoscopic image.

In order to switch between the stereoscopic image and the planar image according to the above-described principle, the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 sets the same refractive index n _{0 in} the uniaxial direction of the liquid crystal molecules, smaller than n _e ).

However, in this case, there is a problem that the image quality is degraded when implementing the planar image. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4D, when a voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 120 and the second electrode layer 170 to form a vertical electric field, the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are formed in the first and second electrode layers 120. , 170). However, the liquid crystal molecules positioned adjacent to the first alignment layer 130 and the second alignment layer 185 are affected by the surfaces of the first alignment layer 130 and the second alignment layer 185 or anchoring force between the liquid crystal molecules. energy), not arranged vertically, and arranged in parallel or inclined at a predetermined inclination as shown in FIG. 4D. Due to some liquid crystal molecules arranged horizontally, the overall refractive index (average refractive index of the liquid crystal layer) of the liquid crystal layer 150 is slightly larger than n ₀ . Accordingly, due to the difference in refractive index between the liquid crystal layer 150 and the refractive layer 180, refraction occurs at the interface between the liquid crystal layer 150 and the refractive layer 180. Therefore, the light does not realize a perfect flat screen, but a small three-dimensional image is realized, and defects such as color stains are visually recognized, thereby degrading the image quality as a whole.

In order to improve the problem of deterioration of image quality as described above, the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 should be set larger than the refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer 150. Here, the refractive index n _{e in} the long axis direction of the liquid crystal layer is satisfied under a condition larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer.

Accordingly, in the present invention, the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 is set to be 0.4% to 20% larger than the refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer 150. More preferably, the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 is set to be 0.8% to 4% larger than the refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer 150.

Hereinafter, the reason for setting the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 to be 0.4% to 20%, more preferably 0.8% to 4% larger than the refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer 150 is shown in FIG. 5. And it will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

Table 1 below is experimental data for checking the value of the refractive index (n _o ) of the liquid crystal layer 150 with respect to the refractive index (n) of the refractive layer (180) to achieve the best image quality.

Table 1

Experimental Example 1 Experimental Example 2 Experimental Example 3 Refractive Index n of Refractive Layer 180 1.51 1.51 1.53 Refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer 150 1.5270 1.5187 1.5187 the value of n / n _o Approx.0.989 Approximately 0.994 About 1.007 Focal Length 11.47mm 12.98mm 16.15mm Visual cleanup Letters are clearly visible, but smeared on white background Improved than Experimental Example 1, but stains were recognized Reduced color spots than Experimental Example 2

As shown in the above table, it can be seen that the image quality is improved as the value of n / n _o is increased. In other words, it can be seen that the image quality is improved as the n value is larger than the n _o value. Comparing Experimental Example 2 with Experimental Example 3, it can be seen that the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 is set to be larger than the refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer 150.

However, it can be seen that the focal length increases as the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 is larger than the refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer 150.

Meanwhile, when the refractive index n of the refractive layer 180 is 1.51 and the radius of curvature is 700 um, the satisfaction of the 2Dimension image and the 3Dimension are changed while changing the refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer 150. Display viewing distance (mm) was measured.

As shown in FIG. 5, the satisfaction level of the planar image increases as the value (%) of (nn _o ) / n _o increases, but the value (%) of (nn _o ) / n _o is about 1.6. As a result, it can be seen that the satisfaction level of the planar image decreases again.

As shown in FIG. 6, it can be seen that the viewing distance (mm) of the stereoscopic image increases as the value (%) of (nn _o ) / n _o increases.

Based on these data, it can be seen that the value (%) of (nn _o ) / n _o is preferably about 0.8% to 4%. When the value (%) of (nn _o ) / n _o is about 0.8% or more and 4% or less, the satisfaction of the planar image is about 90% or more, and the stereoscopic viewing distance is appropriate. However, the numerical value is not absolute, and may vary depending on the type, material property, filling amount, material property of the refractive layer 180, curvature radius, and the like of the liquid crystal layer 150. Even in consideration of these conditions, it is possible to meet the 2Dimension image satisfaction level of about 80% or more and to obtain an appropriate viewing distance, where the value of (nn _o ) / n _o (%) is about 0.4% to 20%. If it is. _If the value of (nn _o ) / n _o is about 0.4%, the satisfaction of 2Dimension image is worse. If it is 20% or more, the viewing distance is too long, which is not appropriate, and the satisfaction of 2Dimension image is also reduced. .

Therefore, when the value (%) of (nn _o ) / n _o is about 0.4% to 20%, more preferably, about 0.8% or more and 4% or less is suitable for implementing a certain level of stereoscopic or planar image. Do.

As described above, according to the present invention, a two-dimensional (3D) display and a three-dimensional (3D: three-dimensional) display conversion are possible, and a stereoscopic image display device having improved image quality is provided.

In addition, two-dimensional (3D) and three-dimensional (3D) display conversion is possible, and a stereoscopic image display panel with improved image quality is provided.

Claims (10)

A display panel; A stereoscopic image display panel attached to an outer surface of the display panel to convert an image from the display panel into a 3D stereoscopic image or a 2D planar image; The stereoscopic image display panel includes a first substrate having a first electrode layer formed on a first substrate material, and a second substrate having a concave lens-shaped refractive layer formed on the second substrate material and facing the first substrate. And a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first electrode layer and the refractive layer, And a refractive index n of the refractive layer is 0.8% to 4% greater than a uniaxial refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer. The method of claim 1, A first alignment layer interposed between the first electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer interposed between the liquid crystal layer and the refraction layer, and a second electrode layer positioned between the refraction layer and the second substrate material Three-dimensional image display device further comprising. The method of claim 1, The display panel may be one of a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light emitting display (OLED), a plasma display panel (PDP), a field emission display (FED), and a vacuum fluorescence display (VFD). Video display device. The method of claim 1, And a refractive index n _{e in} the long axis direction of the liquid crystal layer is larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer. A display panel; A stereoscopic image display panel attached to an outer surface of the display panel to convert an image from the display panel into a 3D stereoscopic image or a 2D planar image; The stereoscopic image display panel includes a first substrate having a first electrode layer formed on a first substrate material, and a second substrate having a concave lens-shaped refractive layer formed on the second substrate material and facing the first substrate. And a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first electrode layer and the refractive layer, And the refractive index n of the refractive layer is 0.4% to 20% larger than the uniaxial refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer. The method of claim 5, And a refractive index n _{e in} the long axis direction of the liquid crystal layer is larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer. A first substrate having a first electrode layer formed on the first substrate material; A second substrate having a concave lens-shaped refractive layer formed on the second substrate material, the second substrate being opposed to the first substrate; A liquid crystal layer positioned between the first electrode layer and the refractive layer; And the refractive index n of the refractive layer is 0.4% to 20% larger than the uniaxial refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer. The method of claim 7, wherein And a refractive index n of the refractive layer is 0.8% to 4% larger than a uniaxial refractive index n _o of the liquid crystal layer. The method of claim 7, wherein The first substrate further includes a first alignment layer interposed between the first electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer, The second substrate further includes a second alignment layer interposed between the liquid crystal layer and the refractive layer, and a second electrode layer positioned between the refractive layer and the second substrate material. panel. The method of claim 8, And a refractive index n _{e in} the long axis direction of the liquid crystal layer is larger than the refractive index n of the refractive layer.

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