KR20080048057A - A machine for making a continuous wall in the ground - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a machine (18) for making a continuous wall in the ground comprising a rear part (28) including means (46) for filling with concrete the portion of trench at the rear of the machine, a front part (26) including cutting means (20) for producing a portion of trench in front of the machine; and means (60, 62) for modifying the distance between said front and rear parts along a horizontal direction. The machine is characterized in that said cutting means comprise vertical guide means (28), at least one rotary cutter (20) whereof the axis of rotation is horizontal and parallel to the width of the trench and means (22) for moving said cutter along the guide means between a lower position corresponding to the base of the trench and a higher position above the trench, said cutter being adapted to cut the ground of the trench and mix it to obtain a material in pasty state.

Description

Machine for making continuous walls on ground {A MACHINE FOR MAKING A CONTINUOUS WALL IN THE GROUND}

The present invention relates to a machine for making continuous walls in ground, and a method of making such walls.

To create a continuous wall in the ground, the most commonly used technique is to dig a groove corresponding to the path of the wall to be made, and fill the groove with concrete with reinforcement as much as possible. More specifically, this groove is typically formed of continuous zones, which are then filled with concrete so that the fine zone of the groove constitutes a panel of continuous walls.

If the wall to be made is not very deep, it is possible to use an excavator that moves along the groove as the various zones of the groove are formed.

U. S. Patent No. 3 893 302 discloses a machine and method for excavating grooves and making walls in the excavated grooves. The machine includes a cutter tool disposed at its front, which is in the form of a bucket with an endless chain of excavators. The rear part of the machine is equipped with a vertical duct for transporting concrete from the container located outside of the groove to the rear of the machine to quickly fill the plate groove.

This machine does not in particular allow continuous bucket chains to allow grooves to escape from all types of strata, and has the drawbacks that such cutter tools cannot be used in solid strata. It is known that some grooves need to be formed of lipid layers of different hardness.

It is a first object of the present invention to provide a machine for making continuous walls in the ground to remedy the above mentioned drawbacks.

In order to achieve this purpose, a machine for making continuous walls on the ground,

First fixing means for fixing to the side wall of the groove; And means for filling a portion of the groove located in the rear of the machine with concrete;

Second fixing means for fixing to the side wall of the groove; Cutter means for making a portion of a groove in front of the machine; And discharging means for discharging the ground soil cut by the cutter means.

Means for changing a distance between the front portion and the rear portion in a horizontal direction:

Including

The cutter means,

Vertical guide means;

At least one rotary cutter having a horizontal axis of rotation parallel to the width of the groove; And

Means for moving the cutter along the guiding means between a lower position corresponding to the lower portion of the groove and an upper position disposed above the groove;

Including,

The cutter is characterized in that it is suitable for cutting the ground of the grooves and for kneading the ground soil to obtain the dough material.

It will be appreciated that by using a cutter with a horizontal axis of rotation perpendicular to the length of the groove, the cutter can actually be equipped with a tool that can penetrate all layers of the strata normally present on the building site. Such a cutter tool may consist of a cutter pick.

In addition, during the up and down movement of the cutter along the overall height of the groove, the cutter not only cuts the ground, but also acts to knead the ground soil with water normally present in the ground. This results in a doughy substance that can be easily discharged as a result.

In some cases, it is desirable to spray the material during digging, especially if the amount of existing water is not sufficient to obtain a kneaded state. Such materials may or may not be soil-modifying additives and muds for changing hardness and / or permeability as having or without polymers.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of making a continuous wall in the ground using the above-mentioned excavators specifically but not exclusively.

How to make a continuous wall on the ground,

Digging grooves into successive zones on the ground by a machine moving horizontally within the grooves;

Discharging the soil in correspondence with digging up successive sections of the groove;

Moving the machine into successive processes corresponding to zones of the groove; And

Filling the area of the groove located behind the machine with concrete;

Including,

The process of digging areas of the grooves is characterized in that it is carried out by vertically moving a rotating tool suitable for kneading the ground soil to shear the ground in the grooves and to transform the ground soil into kneaded material.

Other features and advantages of the invention are set forth clearly in the following description of the embodiments of the invention, which will be understood to be illustrative and not restrictive of the invention. Description of the embodiments is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a perspective view of the excavator as a whole supported by a maneuvering crane outside the wall;

2 is a perspective view showing the lower part of the excavator.

3 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of the means for discharging the substance in the dough state.

4 is a plan view of the bottom of the excavator.

5 is a perspective view showing the excavator as a whole in use.

1 shows a steering crane preferably comprising a platform 10 with a caterpillar 12 and a substantially vertical boom 14. This boom serves to support the cable forming the pulley block 16, and the excavator 18 is appropriately suspended from the lower end of the cable. The cutter tool of the excavator is the cutter 20 described in more detail below. The cutter 20 can be moved vertically along the structure of the excavator 18 by the control bar 22, ie "kelly". The control bar 22 can be moved vertically by a winch on the steering crane. Reference numeral 24 denotes a structure for guiding the control bar 22 on the ground surface.

Referring to Figures 2 and 4 in more detail, a preferred embodiment of the excavator 18 will be described. The excavator consists of a front portion 26 and a rear portion 28.

The front portion 26 comprises a structure constituting the vertical guide 29, an apparatus 30 for discharging the ground soil, and preferably tubes for spraying the liquid additive into the ground soil. It is indicated by reference numerals 32 and 34. In addition, the front portion 26 is provided with two rows of two side shoes for fixing on the side wall of the groove, and these shoes are indicated by reference numerals 36 and 38. These shoes are controlled by the actuator 40. In the extended position, the shoe 36, 38 presses against the wall 42 of the groove, thereby keeping the front part of the excavator stationary.

The rear portion 28 of the excavator is essentially constituted by a pipe 46 and a vertical structure 44 for injecting concrete into the area of the groove made. In addition, the rear part 28 is provided with two sets of guide shoes 48 and 50 controlled by the actuator 52. In the extended position, the shoes 48, 50 form fastening means that engage the side walls 42 of the grooves, thereby keeping the rear portion 28 of the excavator 18 stationary.

The front part 26 also has a cutter tool 20 mounted to the lower end of the control bar 22. The cutter tool preferably consists of a cutter comprising two drums 54, 56 with a horizontal axis parallel to the width of the groove to be made. This cutter is mounted to rotate on a support 58 which is guided to translate by the guide 29. Drums 54 and 56 are equipped with a conventional cutter pick 59.

In an alternative embodiment, the cutter tool 20 consisting of drums 54, 56 may be mounted on a support guided by a vertical guide 29, which supports a lower position and cutter corresponding to the bottom of the groove. It is equipped with a motor that allows translational movement between the upper positions of which the tool is placed over the groove.

The front and rear portions 26, 28 of the excavator are interconnected by at least two horizontally-actuated actuators, the lower actuator 60 and the upper actuator 62, respectively. These actuators function to change the horizontal distance between the front portion 26 and the rear portion 28 of the excavator and to apply thrust to the front portion 26 of the excavator. This intermediate part of the excavator is preferably equipped with a system 64 to enable the front part and the rear part to form an angle in the horizontal plane. For example, the system may consist of a control actuator 66 mounted on a cylinder of the upper actuator 62, which control end 66 is fastened to the end of the rod and the front of the excavator. A link 68 having the other end connected to the structure of 26 is controlled. The second link 70 interacts with the first link 68 to form a deformable parallelogram. Thus, it can be seen that by controlling the control actuator 66 it is possible to give the front part 26 of the excavator with respect to the rear part of the excavator at a predetermined angle in the horizontal plane. Thus, it is possible to make grooves rather than straight lines. Before giving this angle, the cutter tool 20 is raised to be positioned above the groove. This makes it easy to obtain the angle because the cutter tool does not interfere with forming the angle.

3 shows a preferred embodiment of a system 30 for discharging shaved soil. The discharge system consists of a cylindrical portion 80 of a height not less than the height of the structure of the excavator. In this cylindrical part 80, the auger 82 is mounted so that it may rotate with respect to the vertical axis | shaft 84. As shown in FIG. On the upper portion of the cylindrical portion 80 is mounted a motor 86 for rotating the auger. In addition, the upper end of the cylindrical portion 80 has an outlet for conveying the projected cut soil. Cylindrical portion 80 has a plurality of openings 88, the height of which is of large dimension, that allows the shaved soil to be removed to be positioned above auger 82.

Of course, other sheared geo-discharge systems may be used, for example flexible tubes or bucket chains with valves, or indeed flexible tubes that are flattened by a wheel using the principle of a peristaltic pump. These means can be used if they are not purely hydraulic.

As used herein, the term purely non-hydraulic discharge means is used to include means that do not use floating debris from the liquid due to the action of the cutter tool. In particular, the use of such discharge means is made possible by the fact that the shaved soil is transformed into a doughy material. The fact that the debris is discharged without using a large amount of liquid greatly simplifies the disposal process.

The following is a description of how the above described excavator is used and a description of the method of the present invention for creating a continuous wall in the ground.

The first zone constituting one panel having a working depth is made by using conventional means such as a cable bucket or a hydraulic bucket. The width of this first section of the groove corresponds to the width dimension of the excavator. To ensure the safety of the strata, the panels are filled with mud.

The excavator 18 is then inserted into this area of the groove and then positioned to start the horizontal digging process. For this purpose, the excavator is initially kept stationary by the front shoes 36, 38. The cutter tool 20 penetrates vertically into the ground. As mentioned above, this cutter tool is constituted by a cutter with a driven drum, preferably by a hydraulic motor, which is provided with a cutter pick.

The mowing performance of such a tool is suitable to make it possible to penetrate all layers of the strata normally present on the building site. During the descent phase, the shaved soil is discharged. The soil is shaved and then mixed with the water present in the ground and preferably with the material sprayed by the pipes 32 and 34 during digging. Such materials may be clay-modified additives and muds to alter hardness and / or permeability with or without polymers. Thus, the drum not only cuts the ground to make a groove, but also functions to knead the ground. Once the cutter tool 20 has reached the bottom, it can rise to the ground surface by selectively changing its direction of rotation. During the up and down movement of the cutter tool, the cutter tool not only cuts the ground but also functions to knead the ground soil to transform the ground soil into a dough material.

When a portion of the groove is discharged and deformed into a kneaded material, the rear shoes 50 and 52 are in an extended position to secure the rear portion 28 of the excavator in the groove, and the front shoe is retracted. In response to the reaction from the rear shoe, the horizontal actuators 60, 62 thrust the front portion 26 of the excavator, in particular the system 30 for discharging the kneaded material. This thrust allows the discharge system to be supplied through the opening 88. Next, the auger 82 discharges the dough material.

In the following steps, the front shoes 36, 38 move to an extended position to secure the front portion 26 of the excavator, and the rear shoes are retracted. The horizontal actuators 60, 62 are retracted to allow the rear portion 28 to move close to the front portion 26, thereby loosening the area of the groove behind the excavator. This area of the groove is immediately filled with concrete or other material suitable for this kind of work by the concrete system 46. It will be appreciated that during the concrete operation, the excavator remains stationary by the front shoe, but it is possible to restart the digging step by the cutter tool 20 to create a new zone of the groove.

The shaving front of the groove is supported by a cutter tool 20 that bears against the stratified dough. Lateral support may be provided by a biodegradable fluid that applies hydraulic pressure to a limited volume of the thrust module.

It is also possible to confirm that the excavator is vertical. The upper and lower pairs of each thrust shoe of the front portion 26 and the rear portion 28 of the excavator make it possible to ensure that the structure of the excavator is actually in a vertical position. This position adjustment is performed before inserting the cutter tool to make the next section of the groove. Errors in verticality can be corrected by appropriately acting on the various shoes of the front and rear and the lower and upper portions.

In addition, as described above, the excavator preferably includes a system 64 to enable a predetermined angle to be imparted in a horizontal plane between the front portion 26 and the rear portion 28 of the excavator. This makes it possible to make a groove which is not a straight line, or vice versa, when it is desired to form a groove of a straight line, it is possible to correct an error of a horizontal path.

Claims (15)

As a machine for making continuous walls on the ground, The machine, First fixing means for fixing to the side wall of the groove; And means for filling a portion of the groove located in the rear of the machine with concrete; Second fixing means for fixing to the side wall of the groove; Cutter means for making a portion of a groove in front of the machine; And discharging means for discharging the ground soil cut by the cutter means. Means for changing a distance between the front portion and the rear portion in a horizontal direction: Including The cutter means, Vertical guide means; At least one rotary cutter having a horizontal axis of rotation parallel to the width of the groove; And Means for moving the cutter along the guiding means between a lower position corresponding to the lower portion of the groove and an upper position disposed above the groove; Including, Said cutter is suitable for shearing the ground of a groove and for kneading the ground soil to obtain a kneaded material. The method according to claim 1, Said front portion further comprising spraying means for spraying liquid additives into the shaved soil to facilitate obtaining a doughy material. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The cutter is mounted on a support adapted to move along a vertical guide means, the support being moved by a vertical control bar. The method according to claim 3, And the control bar is moved by the winch of the steering crane. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The cutter is mounted on a support adapted to move the vertical guide means, the support being equipped with a motor means. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, And said means for discharging the dough material is a non-pure hydraulic means. The method according to claim 6, The discharge means comprises a hollow cylindrical portion extending along the entire height of the groove and having openings directed toward the front of the machine, and a vertical-axis auger mounted in the cylindrical portion. Machine for making food. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, Said means for changing the horizontal distance is suitable for applying a thrust to the front of the machine when the first fastening means is actuated. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, And means for imparting an angle in a horizontal plane between the front and rear portions of the machine. As a way to make a continuous wall in the ground, The method, Digging grooves into successive zones on the ground by a machine moving horizontally within the grooves; Discharging the soil in correspondence with digging up successive sections of the groove; Moving the machine in successive steps corresponding to zones of the groove; And Filling the area of the groove located behind the machine with concrete; Including, The process of digging sections of the grooves is carried out by vertically moving a rotating tool suitable for shaving the ground in the grooves and for transforming the cut soils into kneaded material into the dough. For making a continuous wall on the wall. The method according to claim 10, A method of making a continuous wall in a ground, characterized in that the additive is sprayed into the ground, which is shaved to facilitate the obtaining of dough material. The method according to claim 10 or 11, Said cutter tool is a rotary cutter having a rotation axis orthogonal to the direction of movement of said machine, said cutter being moved vertically. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, And said kneading material is not purely hydraulic and is discharged from the groove by a system mounted on said machine. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, A method of making a continuous wall in the ground, characterized in that the shaving of the groove is applied by forward thrust by a machine for holding the front part. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, A method of making a continuous wall in the ground, characterized in that a predetermined angle is given in the horizontal plane between the front and rear parts of the excavator to make a groove that is not straight.

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