KR20080030129A - Solar energy power generation system - Google Patents
Solar energy power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- KR20080030129A KR20080030129A KR1020060095781A KR20060095781A KR20080030129A KR 20080030129 A KR20080030129 A KR 20080030129A KR 1020060095781 A KR1020060095781 A KR 1020060095781A KR 20060095781 A KR20060095781 A KR 20060095781A KR 20080030129 A KR20080030129 A KR 20080030129A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/02—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
- H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
- Y10S323/906—Solar cell systems
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Abstract
Description
도 1 종래의 계통발전용 태양광 발전시스템 구성도,1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional system for generating photovoltaic power generation;
도 2 본 발명의 계통발전용 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템 구성도, 및2 is a schematic diagram of a system for generating high voltage integrated solar power generation system of the present invention, and
도 3 본 발명의 DC-DC 컨버터의 다른 실시예를 도시한 구성도.3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the DC-DC converter of the present invention.
본 발명은, 태양전지로부터 생성되는 직류전압을 승압하는 DC-DC컨버터, 직류전력을 사용자 교류전력으로 변환하는 삼상 인버터, 사용자 교류전력을 고전압 교류전력으로 변환하는 삼상 고전압 변압기로 구성되어 있는 계통발전용 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention provides a grid power generation system comprising a DC-DC converter for boosting a DC voltage generated from a solar cell, a three-phase inverter for converting DC power to user AC power, and a three-phase high voltage transformer for converting user AC power to high voltage AC power. The present invention relates to a high voltage integrated solar power generation system for an electric vehicle.
최근 화석연료의 고갈, 에너지 수입 의존도 증가, 기후변화협약 등 온실가스 배출 규제 의무화, 고유가 시대의 경제성장 유지를 위한 대응으로 신재생에너지의 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다.Recently, new and renewable energy is being actively developed in response to depletion of fossil fuels, increasing dependence on energy imports, mandatory regulations on greenhouse gas emissions such as the Climate Change Convention, and sustaining economic growth in the era of high oil prices.
특히, 무공해, 무한정의 태양에너지를 직접 전기에너지로 변환하는 태양광 발전시스템은 발전 부위가 반도체 소자이고 제어부가 전자 부품이므로 기계적인 진 동과 소음이 없는 장점을 가진다.In particular, the photovoltaic power generation system that directly converts solar energy of unlimited pollution into electrical energy has advantages of no mechanical vibration and noise since the power generation part is a semiconductor device and the controller is an electronic part.
또한 태양 전지의 수명이 최소 20년 이상으로 길고 발전 시스템을 반자동화 또는 자동화시키기에 용이할 뿐만 아니라, 운전 및 유지 관리에 따른 비용을 최소화 할 수 있기 때문에 이미 신재생에너지의 큰 축으로 자리잡고 있다.In addition, the solar cell has a long life span of at least 20 years, is not only easy to semi-automate or automate the power generation system, but also minimizes the cost of operation and maintenance. .
도 1는 종래의 계통발전용 태양광 발전시스템의 구성도로서 태양전지, 입력 필터, 삼상 인버터, 삼상 변압기, 그리고 삼상 고전압 변압기로 구성되어 있다. 태양전지는 태양에너지를 전기에너지로 변환하고 태양광의 일사량에 따라 불규칙한 직류(DC: direct current)전압을 생성한다. 불규칙한 직류전력은 입력 필터를 통하여 직류저장 콘덴서에 저장되고 삼상 인버터를 통하여 직류전력을 삼상 교류(AC: alternating current)전력으로 변환시킨다. 삼상 인버터의 각 스위치들은 주어진 스위칭 주파수(switching frequency)에서 펄스폭변조(pulse-width modulation) 방식으로 제어된다. 그러나, 일사량이 적은 경우 직류전압은 낮아지게 되어 낮은 직류저장 콘덴서의 전압은 사용자 교류전압 (일반적으로 AC 380V)으로 변환될 만큼 충분히 큰 전압이 되지 못하기 때문에 인버터에서 출력되는 교류전압은 사용자 교류전압보다 낮은 교류전압으로 된다. 따라서, 저전압의 교류전력을 사용자 교류전력으로 변환하기 위한 삼상 변압기가 필요하다. 또한 사용자 교류전력은 고전압(일반적으로 AC 22,900V)의 계통과 연계하기 위한 삼상 고전압 변압기를 이용하여 전력을 발전하게 된다. 이와 같은 방식의 태양광 발전시스템에서는 계통주파수(일반적으로 60Hz)로 동작하는 삼상 변압기에서의 전력손실이 발생하고 이는 시스템의 효율을 감소시킨다. 또한, 삼상 변압기의 크기와 무게 및 가격을 증가시키게 된다.1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional system for generating a photovoltaic power generation system, which includes a solar cell, an input filter, a three phase inverter, a three phase transformer, and a three phase high voltage transformer. Solar cells convert solar energy into electrical energy and produce irregular direct current (DC) voltages depending on the amount of solar radiation. The irregular DC power is stored in the DC storage capacitor through the input filter and the DC power is converted into alternating current (AC) power through the three-phase inverter. Each switch of the three-phase inverter is controlled in a pulse-width modulation scheme at a given switching frequency. However, when the amount of insolation is small, the DC voltage is lowered, and since the voltage of the low DC storage capacitor is not large enough to be converted to the user AC voltage (generally AC 380V), the AC voltage output from the inverter is the user AC voltage. A lower AC voltage is obtained. Therefore, there is a need for a three-phase transformer for converting low voltage AC power into user AC power. In addition, user alternating current power is generated by using a three-phase high voltage transformer to connect with a high voltage system (typically AC 22,900V). In this type of photovoltaic system, power losses occur in a three-phase transformer operating at grid frequency (typically 60 Hz), which reduces the efficiency of the system. It also increases the size, weight and price of three-phase transformers.
본 발명은 이를 해결하기 위한 수단을 제공하기 위한 것으로서, 고전압의 계통시스템에 적용할 수 있는 고효율, 저가격 및 신뢰성 향상의 특징들을 갖는 계통발전용 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템의 제공을 그 주된 해결과제로 하고 있다.The present invention is to provide a means for solving the problem, the main problem is to provide a high-voltage integrated solar power system for grid generation having the characteristics of high efficiency, low cost and improved reliability applicable to high-voltage grid system Doing.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 고안에 따른 계통 발전용 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템은, 태양광 에너지를 전기에너지로 변환하는 태양전지, 불규칙한 직류전력을 승압하는 DC-DC컨버터, 직류전력을 삼상의 교류전력으로 변환하는 삼상 인버터, 사용자 교류전력을 고전압 교류전력으로 변환하는 삼상 고전압 변압기로 구성되어 있는 계통발전용 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템의 제안의 일환이다. 여기에서, DC-DC 컨버터는 부스트 컨버터로 동작하여 태양전지로부터 생성되는 불규칙한 직류전압을 사용자 교류전력으로 변환하기에 적합한 직류전력을 변환한다. 삼상 인버터는 직류전력을 사용자 교류전력으로 변환하고 삼상 고전압 변압기는 사용자 교류전력을 고전압의 교류전력으로 변환한다. 태양광 발전으로 생성되는 전력을 사용자 교류전력을 변환하기 위해 DC-DC 컨버터를 이용함으로써 삼상 변압기에서 발생되던 전력손실이 감소하여 시스템의 효율 및 신뢰성을 향상시킬 수 있다. 또한, 시스템의 무게 및 크기를 감소시킬 수 있고 시스템의 가격을 절감할 수 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the high-voltage integrated solar power generation system for grid power generation according to the present invention, a solar cell for converting solar energy into electrical energy, DC-DC converter for boosting irregular DC power, DC power It is part of proposal of high voltage integrated solar power generation system for grid generation which consists of three phase inverter converting three phase AC power and three phase high voltage transformer converting user AC power to high voltage AC power. Here, the DC-DC converter operates as a boost converter to convert the DC power suitable for converting the irregular DC voltage generated from the solar cell into user AC power. Three-phase inverter converts DC power into user AC power, and three-phase high voltage transformer converts user AC power into high voltage AC power. By using a DC-DC converter to convert the power generated by solar power to user AC power, power loss generated in a three-phase transformer can be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the system. In addition, the weight and size of the system can be reduced and the price of the system can be reduced.
이하, 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 고안의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 태양광 발전시스템에 대해 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a solar power system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 계통 발전용 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템의 구성도로서 태양전지, DC-DC 컨버터, 삼상 인버터, 그리고 삼상 고전압 변압기로 이루어져 있다. 태양전지로부터 생성되는 직류전력은 DC-DC 컨버터를 통하여 사용자 교류전압에 필요한 직류전압으로 변환된다.2 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage integrated solar power generation system for grid power generation of the present invention, which includes a solar cell, a DC-DC converter, a three-phase inverter, and a three-phase high voltage transformer. The DC power generated from the solar cell is converted into the DC voltage required for the user AC voltage through the DC-DC converter.
DC-DC 컨버터는 하나의 스위치, 다이오드, 그리고 인덕터로 이루어지며 입력전압을 상승시키는 부스트 컨버터(boost converter 혹은 step-up converter)로 동작한다.The DC-DC converter consists of a switch, a diode and an inductor and acts as a boost converter or step-up converter to boost the input voltage.
스위치가 도통되었을 때 태양전지의 직류전력이 인덕터에 저장되었다가 스위치가 소거되었을 때 인덕터에 저장된 에너지가 직류저장 콘덴서 C d 로 전달되고, 이 때 저장되는 직류전압은 보통 600~700V 정도이다.When the switch is turned on, the solar cell's DC power is stored in the inductor, and when the switch is erased, the energy stored in the inductor is transferred to the DC storage capacitor C d .
삼상 인버터의 스위치들은 주어진 스위칭 주파수에서 펄스폭변조 방식으로 제어되어 직류전력은 삼상의 교류전력으로 변환된다. 사용자 교류전력은 변환된 교류전력의 고조파 성분을 제거하기 위해 출력필터 (L o , C o )를 거친 후 생성된다.The switches of a three-phase inverter are controlled in a pulse width modulation manner at a given switching frequency so that the DC power is converted into three-phase AC power. The user AC power is generated after going through the output filter ( L o , C o ) to remove the harmonics of the converted AC power.
태양광 발전시스템에서는 태양전지의 발전전력을 최대한 활용할 수 있도록 태양전지의 최대전력 추종(MPPT: maximum power point tracking) 기능과 사용자 교류전력과 연계하기 위한 고역률의 출력전류제어 기능을 가진다.The solar power generation system has a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function of the solar cell and a high power factor output current control function for linking with the user AC power so as to make the best use of the generated power of the solar cell.
삼상 고전압 변압기는 삼상의 사용자 교류전력을 고전압의 삼상 교류전력으로 변환시키며 사용자 교류전력과 고전압의 교류전력 사이를 절연시키는 기능을 한다.Three phase high voltage transformer converts three phase user AC power into high voltage three phase AC power and functions to insulate between user AC power and high voltage AC power.
본 발명의 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템에서는 태양광 발전으로 생성되는 전력을 사용자 교류전력을 변환하기 위해 DC-DC 컨버터를 이용함으로써 삼상 변압기를 제거할 수 있다.In the high voltage integrated photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention, a three-phase transformer can be removed by using a DC-DC converter to convert user generated AC power into power generated by photovoltaic power generation.
따라서, 삼상 변압기에서 발생되는 전력손실이 감소하여 시스템의 효율을 향상시킬 수 있으며 시스템의 무게 및 크기의 감소 및 시스템의 가격을 줄일 수 있다. Therefore, the power loss generated in the three-phase transformer can be reduced to improve the efficiency of the system, the weight and size of the system can be reduced and the cost of the system can be reduced.
도 3은 본 발명의 계통발전용 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템에서 DC-DC 컨버터를 다르게 구현한 예들이다.Figure 3 is an example of different implementation of the DC-DC converter in the high-voltage integrated solar power generation system for grid generation of the present invention.
도 3A는 발전전력을 증가시키기 위하여 여러 개의 태양전지를 병렬로 하지 않고 독립적으로 최대전력 추종 (MPPT) 기능을 수행하여 DC-DC 컨버터를 멀티스트링(multi-string)형으로 구현한 경우이며, 각 태양전지의 발전전력은 각각의 DC-DC 컨버터를 통하여 직류 저장 콘덴서에 저장된다.3A illustrates a case in which a DC-DC converter is implemented in a multi-string type by performing a maximum power tracking (MPPT) function independently without multiple solar cells in parallel in order to increase power generation. The generated power of the solar cell is stored in the DC storage capacitor through each DC-DC converter.
도 3B는 DC-DC 컨버터의 구성요소로서 3-level DC-DC 컨버터로 구현한 경우로 태양전지에서 나오는 직류전류의 리플(ripple)을 줄일 수 있는 구성도이다.3B is a block diagram of a DC-DC converter implemented as a 3-level DC-DC converter to reduce ripple of DC current from a solar cell.
이와 같이 본원에 따르면, 삼상의 사용자 교류전력을 고전압의 삼상 교류전력으로 변환시키며 사용자 교류전력과 고전압의 교류전력 사이를 절연시키는 기능을 수행하는 삼상 고전압 변압기를, 본원의 고전압 일체형 태양광 발전시스템을 사용함으로써, 태양광 발전으로 생성되는 전력을 사용자 교류전력을 변환하기 위해 DC-DC 컨버터를 이용함으로써, 제거할 수 있게 되며, 이로 인해, 삼상 변압기에서 발생되는 전력손실이 감소하여 시스템의 효율을 향상시킬 수 있으며 시스템의 무게 및 크기의 감소 및 시스템의 가격을 저감시키는 등의 매우 뛰어난 효과를 도모할 수 있다.As described above, according to the present application, a three-phase high voltage transformer which converts three-phase user AC power into high-voltage three-phase AC power and insulates between the user AC power and the high-voltage AC power has a high voltage integrated solar power system of the present application. By using this, the power generated by solar power generation can be eliminated by using a DC-DC converter to convert user AC power, thereby reducing the power loss generated in the three-phase transformer, thereby improving the efficiency of the system. It can achieve very good effects such as reducing the weight and size of the system and reducing the price of the system.
본 고안은 도면에 도시된 일 실시예를 참고로 설명되었으나 이는 예시적인 것에 불과하며, 본 기술 분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 이로부터 다양한 변형 및 균등한 타 실시예가 가능하다는 점을 이해할 것이다.Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible.
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Cited By (7)
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CN101847876A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-09-29 | 上海理工大学 | Three-phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter system |
KR101023501B1 (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2011-03-21 | 한빛이디에스(주) | Pcs for photovoltaic generation system and capacitance calculating method for prediction life thereof |
WO2015051161A1 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2015-04-09 | Enphase Energy, Inc. | Method and apparatus for independent control of multiple power converter sources |
US9035496B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2015-05-19 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Power control system and controlling method thereof |
KR20150128485A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-11-18 | 주식회사 만도 | Electric Current Supplying Module for Automotive Electronic System |
CN110783954A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method and system for controlling transmission power of island system |
WO2023077741A1 (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic system and control method |
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- 2006-09-29 KR KR1020060095781A patent/KR20080030129A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101023501B1 (en) * | 2008-10-21 | 2011-03-21 | 한빛이디에스(주) | Pcs for photovoltaic generation system and capacitance calculating method for prediction life thereof |
CN101847876A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-09-29 | 上海理工大学 | Three-phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter system |
US9035496B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2015-05-19 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Power control system and controlling method thereof |
WO2015051161A1 (en) * | 2013-10-03 | 2015-04-09 | Enphase Energy, Inc. | Method and apparatus for independent control of multiple power converter sources |
US9859814B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2018-01-02 | Enphase Energy, Inc. | Method and apparatus for independent control of multiple power converter sources |
KR20150128485A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-11-18 | 주식회사 만도 | Electric Current Supplying Module for Automotive Electronic System |
CN110783954A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method and system for controlling transmission power of island system |
CN110783954B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2023-11-07 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method and system for controlling transmission power of island system |
WO2023077741A1 (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic system and control method |
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