KR20080015660A - Hybrid electric motorcar it uses a fuel cell with the charger - Google Patents

Hybrid electric motorcar it uses a fuel cell with the charger Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20080015660A
KR20080015660A KR1020060077280A KR20060077280A KR20080015660A KR 20080015660 A KR20080015660 A KR 20080015660A KR 1020060077280 A KR1020060077280 A KR 1020060077280A KR 20060077280 A KR20060077280 A KR 20060077280A KR 20080015660 A KR20080015660 A KR 20080015660A
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South Korea
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fuel cell
battery
hybrid electric
charger
driving
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KR1020060077280A
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Korean (ko)
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장규진
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현대자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020060077280A priority Critical patent/KR20080015660A/en
Publication of KR20080015660A publication Critical patent/KR20080015660A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B60L50/71—Arrangement of fuel cells within vehicles specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/20—Energy converters
    • B60Y2400/202—Fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

A hybrid electric motorcar using a fuel cell as a charger is provided to solve disadvantages of an existing electric motorcar in charging time and mileage and disadvantages of a fuel cell car in cold start, cooling, durability, and costs at the same time and maximize efficiency by adding an idle-stop and a reinforcing regenerative braking function. A hybrid electric motorcar comprises a battery(10), an inverter(20), and a fuel cell(30). The battery generates main power for driving of the motorcar. The inverter converts the power generated from the battery into AC to transmit the AC to a driving motor connected to a driving axis. The fuel cell receives air supplied through an air feeder(2) and hydrogen supplied from a hydrogen storage tank(4) and assists the battery such that a charge state of the battery is maintained in a normal region.

Description

연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차{Hybrid electric motorcar it uses a fuel cell with the charger}Hybrid electric motorcar it uses a fuel cell with the charger}

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차를 도시한 도면.1 is a view showing a hybrid electric vehicle using a fuel cell according to the present invention as a charger.

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차의 작동 상태를 도시한 도면.2 is a view showing an operating state of a hybrid electric vehicle using the fuel cell according to the present invention as a charger.

*도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings

10 : 배터리 20 : 인버터10: battery 20: inverter

30 : 연료전지30: fuel cell

본 발명은 배터리를 메인 동력원으로 하고, 상기한 배터리를 보조하는 연료전지를 보조 동력으로 사용하는 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a hybrid electric vehicle using a battery as a main power source and a fuel cell using a fuel cell to assist the battery as an auxiliary power as a charger.

일반적으로, 배터리를 메인 동력원으로 하는 전기자동차는 무공해 자동차이면서 높은 에너지 효율을 가지고 있으며, 운행비용이 저렴한 장점이 있음에도 불구 하고 충전시간이 길고(6~7시간), 일회 충전 후 주행할 수 있는 주행거리(160km)가 길지 못한 단점 등으로 인해 실용화에 성공하지 못하였다. In general, an electric vehicle using a battery as a main power source is a pollution-free vehicle, has high energy efficiency, and has a long charging time (6 to 7 hours) despite the advantages of low operating cost and a driving that can be driven after a single charge. Due to the short distance (160km) was not successful in commercialization.

이러한 전기자동차의 단점을 보완하기 위해 연료전지자동차가 개발되었으며, 전기자동차에 비하여 주행거리를 300km 정도로 늘리고, 충전시간도 크게 단축 시켰다.The fuel cell vehicle was developed to compensate for the shortcomings of the electric vehicle, and the driving distance was increased to about 300km and the charging time was greatly reduced compared to the electric vehicle.

그러나 상기한 연료전지자동차도 실용화를 위해서는 극복해야하는 문제점을 안고 있었다. 즉, 냉시동 문제와 냉각 문제, 내구성 문제 및 높은 비용 문제 등을 안고 있었다. 상기한 연료전지는 전기를 만드는 과정에서 물을 생성시키고 또한 초순수를 가습수로 사용하기 때문에 영하의 온도에서 작동시키기 위해서는 얼어있는 물을 우선 녹여야하는 과정이 필요하다. However, the fuel cell vehicle also had a problem that must be overcome for practical use. In other words, there were cold start problems, cooling problems, durability problems, and high cost problems. Since the fuel cell generates water in the process of generating electricity and uses ultrapure water as humidification water, it is necessary to first melt the frozen water in order to operate at sub-zero temperatures.

따라서 영하의 온도에서 시동성 및 시동 시간이 실용화의 걸림돌이 될 수 있으며 상기한 연료전지는 내연기관에 비해 운전 온도가 낮고 냉각시켜야하는 온도차(△T)가 적어 내연기관보다 높은 냉각성능을 가진 열교환기가 필요하다. 그리고 연료전지의 내구성 향상과 높은 비용 문제 해결이 과제로 남아있다. Therefore, the startability and start time may be obstacles to practical use at sub-zero temperatures.The above-described fuel cell has a lower operating temperature than the internal combustion engine and has a smaller temperature difference (ΔT) to be cooled. need. In addition, improving fuel cell durability and solving high cost problems remain challenges.

본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 전기자동차와 연료전지자동차의 단점을 극복하고 각각의 장점만을 이용하도록 배터리를 메인 동력으로 이용하고 연료전지를 소형화 하여 상기 배터리를 보조하는 보조 동력으로 사용할 수 있는 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, to overcome the shortcomings of the electric vehicle and fuel cell vehicle and to use the advantages of each of the main power and to minimize the fuel cell auxiliary power to assist the battery Its purpose is to provide a hybrid electric vehicle using a fuel cell that can be used as a charger.

상기한 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 발명에 의한 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차는 차량구동에 필요한 메인 동력이 발생되는 배터리와; 상기 배터리에서 발생된 동력을 교류로 변환하여 구동축에 연결 설치된 구동모터에 전달하는 인버터; 및 공기 공급기를 통해 공급된 공기와 수소 저장 탱크에서 공급된 수소를 각각 공급받아 상기 배터리의 충전 상태가 노말 영역에서 유지되도록 배터리를 보조하는 연료전지를 포함하여 구성된다.In order to achieve the above object, a hybrid electric vehicle using the fuel cell according to the present invention as a charger includes a battery for generating main power required for driving a vehicle; An inverter that converts power generated by the battery into alternating current and transfers the generated power to a driving motor connected to a driving shaft; And a fuel cell configured to receive the air supplied through the air supply and the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen storage tank to assist the battery so that the state of charge of the battery is maintained in the normal region.

상기와 같은 본 발명에 의한 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차의 실시예를 도면을 참조하여 설명한다.An embodiment of a hybrid electric vehicle using the fuel cell according to the present invention as a charger will be described with reference to the drawings.

첨부된 도 1은 본 발명에 의한 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차를 도시한 도면이고, 도 2는 본 발명에 의한 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차의 작동 상태를 도시한 도면이다.1 is a view illustrating a hybrid electric vehicle using a fuel cell according to the present invention as a charger, and FIG. 2 is a view illustrating an operating state of the hybrid electric vehicle using the fuel cell according to the present invention as a charger. .

첨부된 도 1 내지 도 2를 참조하면, 차량구동에 필요한 메인 동력이 발생되는 배터리(10)와; 상기 배터리(10)에서 발생된 동력을 교류로 변환하여 구동축에 연결 설치된 구동모터에 전달하는 인버터(20); 및 공기 공급기(2)를 통해 공급된 공기와 수소 저장 탱크(4)에서 공급된 수소를 각각 공급받아 상기 배터리(10)의 충전 상태가 노말 영역에서 유지되도록 배터리를 보조하는 연료전지(30)를 포함하여 구성된다.1 and 2, a battery 10 generating main power required for driving a vehicle; An inverter 20 converting power generated by the battery 10 into alternating current and transferring the generated power to a driving motor connected to a driving shaft; And a fuel cell 30 receiving air supplied through the air supply 2 and hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen storage tank 4 to assist the battery so that the state of charge of the battery 10 is maintained in the normal region. It is configured to include.

상기 연료전지(30)는 일반적으로 연료전지 차량에 설치되는 80~100KW급의 연료전지 스택을 사용하지 않고, 20~25KW급의 연료전지를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.The fuel cell 30 generally does not use a fuel cell stack of 80 to 100 kW class installed in a fuel cell vehicle, and preferably uses a fuel cell of 20 to 25 kW class.

왜냐하면, 배터리(10)를 메인동력원으로 사용하고 연료전지(30)를 보조 동력원으로 사용하기 때문이다.This is because the battery 10 is used as the main power source and the fuel cell 30 is used as the auxiliary power source.

상기와 같이 구성되는 본 발명에 의한 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차의 작동 상태를 도면을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.An operation state of a hybrid electric vehicle using the fuel cell according to the present invention configured as described above as a charger will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

첨부된 도 2를 참조하면, 차량에 운전자가 탑승한 상태에서 시동이 온(ON)되면서 배터리(10)에서 발생된 직류 전기 에너지가 인버터(20)로 전달된다. 상기 인버터(20)는 배터리(10)에서 공급된 직류 전기를 교류로 변환하여 구동축에 설치된 구동모터에 전달하여 상기 구동모터를 작동시켜 차량 주행이 이루어진다.Referring to FIG. 2, DC electric energy generated from the battery 10 is transferred to the inverter 20 while the vehicle is started while the driver is in the vehicle. The inverter 20 converts the direct current electricity supplied from the battery 10 into alternating current and transfers it to a drive motor installed in the drive shaft to operate the drive motor to drive the vehicle.

이와 동시에 공기 공급기(2)를 통해 공급된 공기와 수소 저장 탱크(4)에서 공급된 수소를 각각 공급받는 연료전지(30)는 상기 배터리(10)의 충전상태가 노말 영역에서 유지되도록 배터리(10)를 실시간으로 충전하여 기존의 전기자동차가 갖고 있는 충전시간 및 주행거리 제약에 대한 문제점에서 벗어날 수 있게 된다.At the same time, the fuel cell 30 which receives the air supplied through the air supply 2 and the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen storage tank 4, respectively, has a battery 10 such that the state of charge of the battery 10 is maintained in the normal region. ) In real time to escape the problems of the charging time and mileage constraints of the existing electric vehicle.

또한 배터리(10)를 메인 동력으로 사용함으로써 영하 30도의 운전 상태에서도 연료전지(30)에서 발생되었던 냉시동성의 문제점이 발생하지 않으며 연료전지(30)에서 발생되어 빙결되는 물은 주행 하면서 녹이면 되므로 기존의 연료전지 자동차와 같이 빙결된 물이 녹을 때까지 기다릴 필요가 없어졌다. 또한 기존의 연료전지 차량에 탑재된 연료전지 스택의 1/4 수준의 연료전지(30)를 탑재하여 사용하므로 해동시켜야 하는 물의 양도 적게 발생되어 급속한 해빙이 가능하다.In addition, by using the battery 10 as the main power, the problem of the cold start generated in the fuel cell 30 does not occur even in the operating state of minus 30 degrees, and water generated in the fuel cell 30 freezes while running and melted. No need to wait for the frozen water to melt, like in a fuel cell car. In addition, since the fuel cell 30 of the fuel cell stack mounted on the conventional fuel cell vehicle is mounted and used, the amount of water that needs to be thawed is generated so that rapid thawing is possible.

한편, 본 발명은 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변경 실시가 가능할 것이다. On the other hand, the present invention can be variously modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the invention.

이상에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차는 기존의 전기자동차의 단점인 충전시간, 주행거리 문제와 연료전지자동차의 단점인 냉시동, 냉각, 내구성, 높은 비용 문제를 동시에 해결할 수 있으며, 아이들 스톱 추가 및 회생제동 기능 강화로 효율을 극대화할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the hybrid electric vehicle using the fuel cell according to the present invention as a charger has a disadvantage of charging time, a mileage problem and disadvantages of the conventional electric vehicle, such as cold start, cooling, durability, and high cost. The problem can be solved at the same time, and the efficiency can be maximized by adding the idle stop and strengthening the regenerative braking function.

또한 연료전지의 용도가 주전원이 아닌 배터리 충전용이므로 사용 빈도와 사용 출력구간이 높지 않아 연료전지자동차용 스택에 비해 수명이 대폭 연장되며, 연료전지자동차에서 제일 높은 가격 비중을 차지하는 연료전지 스택을 1/4만 사용함으로 비용을 대폭 줄일 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, since the fuel cell is used for charging the battery instead of the main power source, the frequency of use and the output power range are not high, which greatly extends the lifespan of the fuel cell vehicle stack. Using only / 4 can significantly reduce the cost.

또한 연료전지 차량의 상품성과 실용성이 대폭 향상되는 효과가 있다.In addition, the merchandise and practicality of the fuel cell vehicle is greatly improved.

Claims (1)

차량구동에 필요한 메인 동력이 발생되는 배터리;A battery for generating main power required for driving a vehicle; 상기 배터리에서 발생된 동력을 교류로 변환하여 구동축에 연결 설치된 구동모터에 전달하는 인버터; 및An inverter that converts power generated by the battery into alternating current and transfers the generated power to a driving motor connected to a driving shaft; And 공기 공급기를 통해 공급된 공기와 수소 저장 탱크에서 공급된 수소를 각각 공급받아 상기 배터리의 충전 상태가 노말 영역에서 유지되도록 배터리를 보조하는 연료전지를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지를 충전기로 사용하는 하이브리드 전기자동차.A fuel cell comprising a fuel cell configured to receive a supply of air supplied from an air supply and hydrogen supplied from a hydrogen storage tank, and to support a battery so that the state of charge of the battery is maintained in a normal region. Used hybrid electric vehicles.
KR1020060077280A 2006-08-16 2006-08-16 Hybrid electric motorcar it uses a fuel cell with the charger KR20080015660A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20100123419A (en) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-24 타타대우상용차 주식회사 Microturbine hybrid generation type hybrid electric vehicle
KR20230118749A (en) * 2022-02-04 2023-08-14 공병진 Hybrid autonomous driving vehicle based on fuel cell

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20100123419A (en) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-24 타타대우상용차 주식회사 Microturbine hybrid generation type hybrid electric vehicle
KR20230118749A (en) * 2022-02-04 2023-08-14 공병진 Hybrid autonomous driving vehicle based on fuel cell

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