KR20080010544A - Recording medium, method and apparatus for recording data on the recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

A recording medium, a method and an apparatus for recording data on the recording medium are provided to manage defective cluster effectively by recording a single defective cluster in a spare area, considering the defective cluster as a plurality of defective clusters. A method for recording data on a recording medium includes the steps of: if a defective area is larger than a spare area, recording data to be recorded in the defective area, on a plurality of spare areas; and recording defect management information about the defective area in a management area. The defect management information includes position information on the defective area and position information on the spare area.

Description

Recording medium, method and apparatus for recording medium {Recording medium, Method and Apparatus for recording data on the recording medium}

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the structure of the recording medium according to the present invention.

2 illustrates an embodiment of a defect list according to the present invention.

Figure 3 shows one embodiment of a method for recording data on a record carrier according to the invention.

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a defect list for the case of FIG. 3.

5 shows an embodiment of a recording medium recording and reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

6 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a recording medium recording method according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

20: Recording and playback section 11: Pick-up section

12: controller 13: signal processing unit

14: Servo 15: Memory

16: Microcomputer 17: AV decoder

18: AV encoder

The present invention relates to a recording medium, a recording medium recording method and apparatus, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for efficiently recording data on the recording medium.

As a recording medium, a disc capable of recording a large amount of data is widely used. Recently, new high-density recording media (for example, Blu-ray Discs (BDs)) capable of recording and storing high-quality video data and high-quality audio data for a long time have been developed.

Blu-ray Disc (BD), a next-generation recording media technology, is a next-generation optical recording solution that can record data that significantly exceeds existing DVDs. Recently, the world's standard technical specifications with other digital devices have been established.

On the other hand, among the recording methods using next-generation high-density recording media such as the Blu-ray Disc (BD), a preferred recording method for the case where a defective area exists when data is recorded on the recording medium is not presented. There are many limitations in developing a recording / playback apparatus.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a recording medium, a recording medium recording method and apparatus for efficiently recording data on a recording medium having a defective area.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of pieces of data to be recorded in the defective area if a defective area exists when data is recorded on the recording medium and the size of the defective area is larger than the usable size of the spare area. Writing to the spare area of the; And recording the defect management information for the defect area in a management area, wherein the defect management information is provided in plural.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method, comprising the steps of: if a defective area exists when recording data on a recording medium, identifying a defect type of the defective area; If the defect type is a specific defect type, comparing the size of the defect area with the size of the first spare area that is a replacement area; If the size of the defective area is larger than the size of the first spare area, recording data to be recorded in the defective area in the first spare area and the second spare area; And recording defect management information for the defect area in a management area.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a pickup unit and a defective area when data is recorded on a recording medium, and if the size of the defective area is larger than the usable size of a specific spare area that is a replacement area, the defective area. And a control unit for recording the data to be recorded in the area into a plurality of spare areas, and controlling the pickup unit to record the defect management information for the defective area into the management area.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the recording medium having a spare area and a management area, the spare area is configured to record data to be recorded in the defective area, wherein the size of the defective area is a specific spare. If the size is larger than the usable size of the area, the data to be recorded in the defect area is recorded in a plurality of spare areas, and the management area is configured to record defect management information for the defect area, but the data to be recorded in the defect area. When recording to a plurality of spare areas, the defect management information is provided with a plurality of recording media.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of a recording medium and a recording medium recording and reproducing method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In addition, the term used in the present invention was selected as a general term that is widely used as possible at present, but in certain cases there is a term arbitrarily selected by the applicant, in which case the meaning is described in detail in the description of the invention, It is to be understood that the present invention is to be understood as the meaning of terms rather than names.

In this regard, in the present invention, "recording medium" means any medium on which data is recorded or is recordable, and encompasses all mediums regardless of a recording method such as a disc, a magnetic tape, and the like. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by using a disc (disc), in particular, a "Blu-ray Disc (BD)" as a recording medium for convenience of explanation. will be.

In addition, in the present invention, "management area" means an area for recording management information of a recording medium. Although the present invention will be described based on a temporary DMA (TDMA) as a management area, it will be apparent that the present invention is also applicable to a disc management area (DMA).

Incidentally, in the present invention, "defect management information" means management information on defects occurring during recording and reproduction of a disc. The defect management information can be recorded in the management area. In particular, the defect management information can be recorded in the defect list of the management area. For example, the defect management information may include defect cluster position information, which is an example of a defect area occurring in the disk, and position information of a replacement cluster replacing the defective cluster.

In addition, in this invention, a "defect type" means the type which a defect represents. Defect types are single cluster defects, which are assigned a reallocation address, and a re-allocated defect (RAD) type in which original data is written to a spare location. (single cluster defects), non-re-allocated defect (NRD) type that represents a defect and is not assigned a reallocation address, and reassignment addresses as contiguous multiple cluster defects. A contiguous re-allocated defect (CRD) type is possible where a contiguous range of reallocation addresses is assigned and the original data is recorded at the spare location.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the structure of the recording medium according to the present invention. For convenience of explanation, the recording medium will be described using a write once disc (BD-R) as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that the present invention can be applied to other recording media. In addition, although the description will be made based on a single layer having a single recording layer of the recording medium, the present invention is also applicable to a recording medium having a plurality of recording layers.

The disc BD-R to which the present invention is applicable is composed of an inner zone, a data zone and an outer zone from the disc inner circumference. The data area includes a user data area for recording user data and an inner spare area ISA and an outer spare area OSA as spare areas for disc defect management. However, the spare area may not be allocated as necessary.

In addition, a disc includes a temporary disc management area (TDMA) for recording management information before disc closing and a disc management area for recording final management information at the time of disc closing. Disc Management Area, hereinafter referred to as 'DMA'. For example, TDMA may be provided in the inner region and the spare region (ISA or OSA), and DMA may be provided in the inner region and the outer region, respectively.

At this time, the TDMA and DMA have the following relationship. Due to the characteristics of the write once disc (BD-R), not only defect management information generated during use of the disc but also general management information indicating the recording state on the disc are mixed in the TDMA. Thereafter, when the disk is closed, the disk is no longer able to record, so that the final management information in the TDMA is transferred to the DMA and recorded. Therefore, management information is recorded in the TDMA while the disk is in use, and when the disk is closed, the final management information in the TDMA is previously recorded in the DMA, and then the disc is reproduced by utilizing the management information in the DMA.

In addition, TDMA is largely divided into two types. That is, TDMA0 having a fixed size (for example, 2048 clusters) in the inner region and always assigned at disk initialization, and a variable size in the spare region, the allocation of which is selectively determined, TDMA1 and It can be distinguished by TDMA2. In addition, TDMA is used in the order of TDMA0-> TDMA1-> TDMA2.

The lower part of Fig. 1 shows the type of management information recorded in TDMA in the write once disc of the present invention. At this time, the same kind of management information will be recorded in TDMA0 to TDMA2, but FIG. 1 shows only the case where it is recorded in TDMA0 for convenience of explanation.

Management information recorded in TDMA0 includes a Temporary Defect List (TDFL, hereinafter referred to as 'TDFL'), Sequential Recording Range Information (SRRI), and a temporary disk. Includes a temporary disc definition structure (TDDS, hereinafter referred to as 'TDDS').

The TDFL includes location information of a defective cluster occurring in the disk and a replacement cluster replacing the defective cluster. In addition, the SRRI is configured to include an SRR entry indicating an attribute for each Sequential Recording Range (SRR, hereinafter referred to as SRR). In addition, the TDDS contains general management information related to the disk structure, and also includes a pointer specifying the latest positions of the TDFL and SRRI. In this regard, it is noted that a defective area in the present invention means a defective cluster.

The SRRI includes continuous recording range information when the disc recording method is a sequential recording mode (SRM). On the other hand, if the disk recording method is a random recording mode (RRM, hereinafter referred to as 'RRM'), instead of SRRI, another management information in the form of a space bitmap (Space Bit-Map: SBM) Can be recorded. Although SBM is not shown in FIG. 1, the technical concept of the present invention is equally applicable to the random recording mode RRM.

In addition, when there is no user data area or TDMA recordable on the disk or the user no longer wants to record on the disk, the disk is closed, and in this case, the data is recorded in the TDMA. The last management information recorded last of the management information is transferred into the DMA.

2 illustrates an embodiment of a defect list according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, a defect list entry includes a 'Status 1' field indicating first status information of an entry, a 'Defective Cluster first PSN' field indicating position information of a defective cluster, and a 'Status 2' indicating second status information of an entry. Field, 'Replacement Cluster first PSN' field indicating the location of the replacement cluster. Here, the location information of the defective cluster may be the PSN of the first physical sector of the defective cluster, and the location information of the replacement cluster may be the PSN of the first physical sector of the replacement cluster.

For example, a defect cluster type according to the 'Status 1' field and the 'Status 2' field will be described as follows. If the 'Status 1' field is '0000' (Status 1 = 0000) and the 'Status 2' field is '0000' (Status 2 = 0000), this indicates the RAD type. If the 'Status 1' field is '0000' (Status 1 = 0000) and the 'Status 2' field is '0001' (Status 2 = 0001), this indicates a CRD type, and this entry indicates the start of a defective cluster. If the Status 1 'field is' 0000' (Status 1 = 0000) and the 'Status 2' field is' 0010 '(Status 2 = 0010), this indicates a CRD type, and this entry indicates the end of the defective cluster. If the Status 1 'field is' 0001' (Status 1 = 0001) and the 'Status 2' field is' 0000 '(Status 2 = 0000), this indicates the NRD type.

Figure 3 shows one embodiment of a method for recording data on a record carrier according to the invention. In this case, the recording medium will be described based on the dual-layer recording medium having two recording layers, but the present invention can be applied to a recording medium having at least one recording layer.

Referring to FIG. 3, when a specific defect cluster 30 is present during data recording in the LO of a recording medium, the recording / playback apparatus may select any one of spare areas ISA0, OSA0, ISA1, and OSA1 to record data to the defect cluster 30. Alternate recording in one area and defect management information is recorded in the management area. For example, in the present embodiment, when the defect cluster 30 is a CRD type, the replacement cluster 40 of OSA0 in which data to be written to the defect cluster 30 is physically closest to the defect cluster 30 is present. The defect management information can be recorded in the management area.

Thereafter, when the defect reproducing apparatus 31 exists in L0 of the recording medium during continuous data recording, the recording / reproducing apparatus records data to be recorded in the defect cluster 31 of any one of the spare areas ISA0, OSA0, ISA1, and OSA1. Alternate recording is made in the area, and defect management information is recorded in the management area. For example, in the present embodiment, when the defect cluster 31 is of the CRD type, data to be recorded in the defect cluster 31 is recorded in OSA0 existing at a position physically close to the defect cluster 31, and The defect management information can be recorded in the management area.

However, since the size of the defect cluster 31 is larger than the size of the usable area of OSA0, there is a case where the entire data to be recorded in the defect cluster 31 cannot be recorded in the usable area of OSA0. At this time, in order to record the entire defective cluster 31 in one spare area, another spare area can be found and recorded, but this is not a method for efficiently managing the spare area. In addition, a problem may occur in which a spare area for recording the defective cluster 31 in one spare area may not exist.

Therefore, the present invention discloses a method of recording a CRD type defect cluster that cannot be recorded in one spare area by dividing it into a plurality of CRD type defect clusters. For example, when the size of the defect cluster 31 is larger than the usable size of OSA0, the defect cluster 31 is divided into the first defect cluster 32 and the second defect cluster 33, so that the first defect cluster ( 32) data to be recorded in PSN A1 to A2 is recorded in PSN B1 to B2, which is the replacement cluster 42 of OSA0, and data to be recorded in PSN A2 to A3, which is the second defect cluster 33 is replaced by OSA1. Recordings are made in PSN C1 to C2 which are clusters 43. Here, the recording and reproducing apparatus records the defect management information in the management area, but records both the defect management information of the first defect cluster 32 and the defect management information of the second defect cluster 33. In other words, the first defect cluster 32 and the second defect cluster 33 are assumed to be independent CRD type defect clusters, and there may be a double defect list.

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a defect list for the case of FIG. 3.

In FIG. 3, the defect cluster A is divided into a first defect cluster B and a second defect cluster C of the CRD type, and data to be recorded in the first defect cluster B is recorded in OSA0, and the second defect is Data to be recorded in the cluster C is recorded in OSA1. 4 illustrates an example of a defect list indicating defect management information of FIG. 3.

Referring to Fig. 4, in the defect list representing the management information of the defect cluster A, the first and second rows of the defect list represent defect management information for the first defect cluster B, and the third and fourth rows of the defect list. The row shows defect management information for the second defect cluster C. FIG.

For example, the first row of the defect list entry indicating the defect management information of the first defect cluster B is of a CRD type and includes information indicating the start of the first defect cluster B. The field is expressed as '0000', the 'Defective Cluster first PSN' field is 'A1', the 'Status 2' field is '0001', and the 'Replacement Cluster first PSN' field is expressed as 'B1'. The second row of the defect list entry indicating the defect management information of the first defect cluster B includes the information indicating the end of the first defect cluster B and the defect type is CRD type. ',' Defective Cluster first PSN 'field is represented by' A2 ',' Status 2 'field is' 0010', and 'Replacement Cluster first PSN' field is represented by 'B2'.

Further, since the third row of the defect list entry indicating the defect management information of the second defect cluster C includes the information indicating the start of the second defect cluster C, the 'Status 1' field is The '0000', 'Defective Cluster first PSN' field is represented by 'A2', the 'Status 2' field is '0001', and the 'Replacement Cluster first PSN' field is represented by 'C1'. The fourth row of the defect list entry indicating the defect management information of the second defect cluster C includes information indicating that the defect type is CRD type and the end of the second defect cluster C, so that the 'Status 1' field is '0000'. ',' Defective Cluster first PSN 'field is represented by' A3 ',' Status 2 'field is' 0010', and 'Replacement Cluster first PSN' field is represented by 'C2'.

5 shows an embodiment of a recording medium recording and reproducing apparatus according to the present invention. The recording medium recording and reproducing apparatus of the present invention includes a recording and reproducing section 20 for recording data on a disk or reproducing the recorded data and a controller 12 for controlling the recording and reproducing data.

The recording / reproducing section 20 receives the signals read out from the pickup section 11 and the pickup section 11 for directly recording data on the disk or reading the data recorded on the disk, and restores them to a desired signal value. The signal processor 13 modulates and transmits a signal to be recorded into a signal recorded on the disk, and controls the pickup unit 11 to accurately read a signal from the disk or to accurately record a signal on the disk. A servo unit 14, a memory 15 for temporarily storing management information and data including defect management information, and a microcomputer 16 for controlling the components. In this regard, a recording / reproducing apparatus composed of only the recording / reproducing section 20 is also referred to as a “drive”, which can be utilized as a computer peripheral device.

In the present invention, if the defective area exists when recording data on the recording medium, and the size of the defective area is larger than that of the spare area, which is a replacement area for replacing and recording data, the microcomputer 16 stores a plurality of spare pieces of data to be recorded in the defective area. The pickup section 11 is controlled to record in the area and to record the defect management information for the defective area in the management area. In this case, the defect type of the defect area may be a CRD (contiguous re-allocated defect) type.

The controller 12 is responsible for the control of the entire component, and in particular, in connection with the present invention, a user command or the like is received through an interface with a user, and a recording / playback command for recording or reproducing data on a disc is provided. The recording and reproducing section 20 is transmitted.

The AV decoder 17 decodes the signal read out from the disc under the control of the controller 12, restores it to desired information, and provides the same to the user.

The AV encoder 18 converts an input signal into a signal of a specific format, for example, an MPEG2 transport stream, and provides it to the signal processor 13 under the control of the controller 12 to perform a function of recording a signal on a disc. Done.

In the present invention, the functions of the controller 12 and the microcomputer 16 may operate by dividing into a first control unit and a second control unit, respectively. Or, it is obvious that the functions of the controller 12 and the microcomputer 16 can be combined and operated as a single control unit.

6 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a recording medium recording method according to the present invention.

When the recording medium is loaded into the recording / playback apparatus (S10), the recording / playback apparatus checks whether a defective area exists during data recording (S11).

If the defective area does not exist as a result of the checking (S11), the recording and reproducing apparatus records data to be recorded on the recording medium (S12).

As a result of the check (S11), if a defective area exists, the recording and reproducing apparatus checks whether the defect type is a specific defect type (S13). Here, the specific defect type may be a CRD type as a defect type of a defect cluster.

As a result of the check (S13), if the defect type is not the specific defect type, the recording / reproducing apparatus records the data to be recorded in the defect area in the specific spare area (S14). Here, the specific spare area may be a spare area at a position physically close to the defective area, but in the present invention, a specific spare area may be available in addition to the spare area at a position physically close to the defective area. In addition, the recording and reproducing apparatus records one defect management information for the defective area in the management area (S15). Here, the management area can be a defect list in the TDMA.

As a result of the check (S13), if the defect type is a specific defect type, the recording and reproducing apparatus checks the size of the defective area and the size of the specific spare area (S16), and checks whether the size of the defective area is larger than the usable size of the specific spare area. Check (S17).

As a result of the check (S17), if the size of the defective area is smaller than the usable size of the specific spare area, the recording and reproducing apparatus performs the steps S14 and S15 described above.

As a result of the confirmation (S17), if the size of the defective area is larger than the usable size of the specific spare area, the recording and reproducing apparatus records data to be recorded in the defective area in the plurality of spare areas (S18). In relation to this, assuming that the specific spare area is the first spare area, if the size of the defective area is larger than that of the first spare area, the recording / reproducing apparatus first records data to be recorded in the defective area in the first spare area, and Among the data to be recorded in the area, data that is not recorded in the first spare area may be recorded in the second spare area.

The recording and reproducing apparatus records a plurality of defect management information for the defect area in the management area (S19). This records data to be recorded in the defect area in the first spare area and the second spare area, and thus records two defect management information. At this time, the defect management information includes the position information of the defective area and the position information of the replacement area replacing the defective area among the spare areas.

As described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed for purposes of illustration, and those skilled in the art can improve, change, and modify various other embodiments within the spirit and technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the appended claims below. Replacement or addition may be possible.

The effects of the recording medium and the recording medium recording method and apparatus according to the present invention as described above are recorded by assigning a defective area that cannot be recorded in one spare area to an alternate area allocated to a plurality of spare areas to manage the defective area. It is possible to record data effectively on the medium.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively manage the defect cluster by assuming that one defect cluster is a plurality of independent defect clusters and recording them in the spare area.

Claims (12)

Recording data to be recorded in the defective area into a plurality of spare areas if a defective area exists when data is recorded on a recording medium, and the size of the defective area is larger than an available size of the spare area that is a replacement area; And And recording the defect management information for the defect area in a management area, wherein the defect management information is plural. The method of claim 1, The defect type of the defect area is a recording medium recording method characterized in that the CRD (contiguous re-allocated defect) type. The method of claim 1, And the management area is a temporary disc management area. The method of claim 1, And the management area is a defect list. The method of claim 1, And the defect management information includes location information of the defect area and location information of the replacement area. Checking a defect type of the defective area if a defective area exists when recording data on a recording medium; If the defect type is a specific defect type, comparing the size of the defect area with the size of the first spare area that is a replacement area; If the size of the defective area is larger than the size of the first spare area, recording data to be recorded in the defective area in the first spare area and the second spare area; And And recording the defect management information for the defective area into a management area. The method of claim 6, The specific defect type is a defect area management method, characterized in that the CRD (contiguous re-allocated defect) type. The method of claim 6, When the size of the defective area is larger than the size of the first spare area, the defective area is divided into a first defect area to replace the first spare area and a second defect area to replace the second spare area. Defect area management method. The method of claim 8, And the defect management information includes first defect management information for the first defect area and second defect management information for the second defect area. Pick-up section, If a defective area exists when data is recorded on a recording medium, and the size of the defective area is larger than the usable size of a specific spare area that is a replacement area, data to be recorded in the defective area is recorded in a plurality of spare areas. And a control unit for controlling the pick-up unit to record defect management information on the management area. The method of claim 10, The defect type of the defect area is a recording medium recording method characterized in that the CRD (contiguous re-allocated defect) type. In a recording medium having a spare area and a management area, Write data to be recorded in the defective area in the spare area, and if the size of the defective area is larger than the usable size of a specific spare area, write data to be recorded in the defective area into a plurality of spare areas; And the management area is configured to record defect management information for the defect area, and when the data to be recorded in the defect area is recorded in a plurality of spare areas, the defect management information is plural.

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