KR20070096970A - Laminated glass - Google Patents

Abstract

A laminate glass is provided to be improved in a fireproof property and a heat-insulating property upon firing without damaging fundamental performances of laminate glass. A laminate glass(11) is obtained by interposing an intermediate film(13) between plural glass plates(12a,12b) and gluing the plural glass plates together. At least one piece of the plural glass plates is a fireproof glass plate. The intermediate film is formed of self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film. The fireproof glass plate has the coefficient of linear expansion of 5x10^(-6)K^(-1). The self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film is polyvinyl butyral film added with a phosphorous-based flame retardant.

Description

Laminated glass {LAMINATED GLASS}

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross-sectional structure of the laminated glass in one Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

11: plywood glass

12a, 12b: glass plate

13: interlayer

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to laminated glass, and more particularly, to a laminated glass excellent in heat shielding ability while exhibiting stable fire resistance in the event of fire or disaster.

Laminated glass in which a plurality of glass plates are bonded through an interlayer film is known. In this kind of laminated glass, when an impact is applied and broken, scattering of glass fragments is prevented by the interlayer film. In addition, by increasing the thickness of the intermediate film, the penetration resistance is improved, and the safety during impact is sufficiently secured. In recent years, in addition to the safety at the time of impact, the laminated glass provided with the fire resistance at the time of a fire is proposed.

For example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2005-104784 discloses a laminated glass obtained by bonding a tempered glass plate or a wire mesh glass plate with a polyvinyl butyral film. In the case of the laminated glass disclosed in this document, since polyvinyl butyral has flammability, it is easy to burn at the time of a fire or a disaster. In this case, although the performance of a fire prevention installation is normally satisfied by use of heat-resistant plate glass, such as a wire mesh glass plate and a tempered glass plate, depending on the structure of glass, the performance of a fire prevention installation may not fully be satisfied.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2005-246708 discloses a laminated glass in which a glass plate is bonded using an intermediate film in which a fluororesin film and a polyvinyl butyral film are laminated. In the laminated glass disclosed in this document, the interlayer film is formed by laminating a flame retardant fluororesin film and a polyvinyl butyral film rather than a polyvinyl butyral film. Therefore, the fire resistance is improved more than the intermediate film which consists of a polyvinyl butyral film. However, since the haze of a fluororesin film is higher than a polyvinyl butyral film, there exists a fault that a visual problem arises.

In addition, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 60-169637 discloses a composition for imparting fire resistance to an intermediate layer used for safety glass.

The objective of this invention is providing the laminated glass which improves the fire resistance and heat shield at the time of a fire or a disaster, without impairing the basic performance of the laminated glass.

In order to achieve the said objective, according to the 1st aspect of this invention, the laminated glass by which the several glass plate adhered through the interlayer film is provided. At least one of a plurality of glass plates is a fireproof glass plate, and an intermediate film consists of a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film.

(1st embodiment)

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, one Embodiment which actualized this invention is described according to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the laminated glass 11 is formed by adhering the glass plate 12a, 12b of plurality (in this embodiment, two sheets) through the intermediate film 13. As shown in FIG. At least one of the glass plates 12a and 12b is a fireproof glass plate. That is, one of the glass plates 12a and 12b may be a fireproof glass plate, the other may be a general glass plate (float glass plate), and both may be a fireproof glass plate. Examples of the fireproof glass plate include a glass plate having a linear expansion coefficient of less than 5 × 10 ⁻⁶ K ⁻¹ , a wire mesh glass plate, a super tempered glass plate, and the like.

A "fireproof glass plate" means a glass plate having high heat resistance, which is hardly broken even when heated by a high-temperature fire, and prevents fragments from falling off even when broken, and does not have a shielding function (heat shielding property) of radiant heat. With respect to the physical property value of the fire prevention glass, the linear expansion coefficient is less than 5x10 <^-6> K <^-1> , and surface compressive stress is 127 Mpa or more. In addition, although the fire resistant glass provided with heat resistance and heat shielding exists as a laminated glass, it does not exist as a single glass plate. "Super tempered glass plate" means the glass plate which super-strengthens the float glass plate, and whose strength is 2 times or more of the tempered glass plate for building, and has high fire prevention performance. Here, the heat-reinforced treatment is a process in which the end portion of the unreinforced glass plate is polished in a semi-circular cross section, and the copper glass plate is held vertically and heated, or heated after being conveyed into a horizontal heating furnace, followed by heating to inject and cool the air jet. to be. In the treatment, the wind-cooling conditions are controlled while considering the thickness of the glass plate. As a result, the strength of the glass plate is increased until the surface compressive stress becomes 127 MPa or more, for example. At that time, even some scratches that cause breakage do not remain on the surface of the glass plate.

As a glass plate whose linear expansion coefficient is less than 5x10 <^-6> K <^-1> , an unreinforced borosilicate glass plate and a ceramic glass plate are mentioned, for example. The wire mesh glass plate should just have fire resistance in the state of a single plate, and the glass plate called a rhombic wire mesh or a cross-shaped wire mesh is specifically, preferable.

As a super tempered glass plate, commercially available super tempered glass can be used, it is preferable that surface compressive stress is 127 Mpa or more, and it is preferable that a glass material is soda-lime glass or borosilicate glass. As a method of thermal strengthening, there exists a vertical reinforcement method which thermally strengthens, for example, keeping a glass plate perpendicular, and the horizontal reinforcement method which thermally strengthens while conveying a glass plate on a roll. In order to make surface compressive stress after a reinforcement process high, the latter method is preferable.

The thickness of each glass plate 12a, 12b should just be the thickness which can maintain the intensity | strength required for a fire prevention glass, and specifically, 2 mm or more is preferable. The size of each glass plate 12a, 12b should just be the size which plywood process is easy, and 100 mm or more of each side is specifically, preferable.

As the interlayer film 13, a self-extinguishing (flame retardant) polyvinyl butyral film is used. Here, "self-extinguishing" means that it is carbonized without burning when heated by high temperature fire. The self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral membrane consists of a polyvinyl butyral membrane to which the phosphorus flame retardant was added. As the phosphorus flame retardant, tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, t-butylphenyl diphenyl Phosphate, bis- (t-butylphenyl) phenylphosphate, tris- (t-butylphenyl) phosphate, isopropylphenyldiphenylphosphate, bis- (isopropylphenyl) diphenylphosphate, tris- (isopropylphenyl) phosphate, Resorcinolbis-diphenylphosphate, resorcinolbis-dixylenylphosphate, bisphenol A bis-diphenylphosphate, tris (chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (β-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (dichloropropyl) phosphate, Tetrakis (2 chloroethyl) dichloroisopentyldiphosphate and polyoxyalkylenebis (dichloroalkyl) phosphate are used. The addition amount of a phosphorus flame retardant is about 20-40 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of polyvinyl butyral.

The self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film is trivinoxy ethyl phosphate, isodecyl diphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyldi in polyvinyl butyral Phenylphosphate, t-butylphenyldiphenylphosphate, bis- (t-butylphenyl) phenylphosphate, tris- (t-butylphenyl) phosphate, isopropylphenyldiphenylphosphate, bis- (isopropylphenyl) diphenylphosphate, Tris- (isopropylphenyl) phosphate, resorcinolbis-diphenylphosphate, resol sinolbis-dixylenylphosphate, bisphenol A bis-diphenylphosphate, tris (chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (β-chloropropyl) phosphate , Tris (dichloropropyl) phosphate, tetrakis (2 chloroethyl) dichloroisopentyldiphosphate, polyoxyalkylenebis (dickle Adding at least one selected from the roal Kiel) phosphate and is obtained by forming a film. In that case, in addition to the said organic flame retardant, 2-5 weight part of organic phosphite esters, such as triisopropyl phosphite, a tridecyl phosphite, a didecyl (aryl) phosphite, with respect to 100 weight part of polyvinyl butyrals, It is preferable to mix | blend 0.5-4 weight part of nucleating agents, such as fumed silica, and 0.5-2 weight part of heat resistant adhesive resins, such as a silicone resin. As the film formation method, extrusion molding and calender molding may be appropriately used.

As the fitting process of the glass plates 12a and 12b and the intermediate film 13, the method of finishing with an autoclave after roll crimping, or the method of sticking with a vacuum bag is used, for example. These methods may be appropriately classified according to the size and surface compressive stress of the glass plate.

Next, the effect | action of the laminated glass 11 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.

The laminated glass 11 is used for the window of a building and the inspection window of an apparatus. When one of the two glass plates 12a and 12b (for example, the glass plate 12a) is fireproof glass, it is preferable to use a fireproof glass plate toward the inside or apparatus.

In the event of a fire, the glass plate 12a on the indoor side is exposed to a flame. In this case, even if the glass plate 12a is broken by heat, the fall of glass fragments is prevented by the intermediate film 13. When the interlayer film 13 is made of a flammable polyvinyl butyral film as in the related art, when the glass plate 12a is broken by heat during a fire, polyvinyl butyral melted by heat flows out from the cracks in the glass plate and burns. Therefore, the broken glass is not maintained until it is re-welded. However, in this embodiment, since the interlayer film 13 consists of a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film, even if the glass plate 12a is broken, the interlayer film 13 is carbonized without burning. And a carbonized film is formed in the surface of the glass plate 12a. Thereby, the laminated glass 11 exhibits heat shielding property in addition to fire resistance, and can suppress the radiant heat of the infrared region from the indoor where a fire generate | occur | produced to the outdoors. As a result, since the rise of the temperature in the outdoors is suppressed, the secondary fire due to the combustion of, for example, a wooden window frame can be delayed. Moreover, even when the outdoor glass plate 12b is not fireproof glass, since the heat radiation from the indoor to the outdoor is blocked by the carbonized film formed by carbonizing the intermediate film 13 at the time of fire, the glass plate 12b is It does not break easily.

In order to evaluate the haze value of the laminated glass 11 which used the self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film as the intermediate film 13, four test bodies were produced. Specifically, two float glass plates having a thickness of 3 mm were prepared, and a test body was prepared by adhering both float glasses through an interlayer film therebetween. In test body 1, a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film was used for the interlayer film 13, and in test body 2, a polyvinyl butyral film was used for the interlayer film 13, respectively. In the test body 3, the laminated film of the fluororesin film and the polyvinyl butyral film was used for the intermediate film 13, and in the test body 4, the fluororesin was used for the intermediate film 13, respectively. The haze value of each test body is shown in Table 1 about the obtained laminated glass.

*… Mitsubishi Resin Co., Ltd. Fluoroju LG (brand name) was used.

From the results in Table 1, the haze values of the test bodies 1 and 2 using the self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film or the polyvinyl butyral film as the interlayer film 13 are the laminated films of the fluororesin film and the polyvinyl butyral film in the interlayer film 13 or It was confirmed that it was lower than Test Samples 3 and 4 using only fluorine resin, and the appearance quality was improved.

(Example)

Hereinafter, an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further in detail. This invention is not limited to these Examples. In the Example, the self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film was used as the intermediate film 13, and the kind of glass plates 12a and 12b was changed and the test body of the laminated glass 11 was manufactured. In the comparative example, the conventional combustible polyvinyl butyral film was used as an intermediate film, the kind of glass plate was changed, and the test body of laminated glass was manufactured. In that case, the test body of 700 mm x 700 mm and the test body of 100 mm x 100 mm were produced for the external appearance evaluation, respectively for fire resistance test.

As a fireproof glass plate with a linear expansion coefficient of less than 5x10 <^-6> K <^-1> , Tempax Tempered Glass was used. A general purpose product was used as a wire mesh glass plate and a float glass plate (FL). Nippon Plate Glass Co., Ltd. pyro clear was used as a super tempered glass plate. Using a general-purpose product as polyvinyl butyral, with respect to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral, 35 parts by weight of isodecyldiphenyl phosphate, 4 parts by weight of tridecyl phosphite, 2 parts by weight of fumed silica, and 1 silicone resin The addition by weight was used. The evaluation method is described below.

[Fire resistance test]

Based on the standard heating curve of Article 112 (1) of the Enforcement Decree of the Japanese Building Standard Act, a test body of a fire resistance test size was heated using a gas heating furnace. And when it was 20 minutes or more, it was judged as pass ((circle)) and failing (x) when it was less than 20 minutes. Here, "cold flame" is defined by two elements. One of the two elements is that the flame in the furnace is blocked by the glass plate or the like and is not directly visible, that is, the flame is not visible because the glass plate is covered by the carbonized film formed by carbonization of the intermediate film. Another is that the test body itself is burned so that flames do not flow out of the furnace.

Moreover, when evaluating heat shielding, at the time of a fire resistance test, temperature was measured at the position which is 1000 mm horizontally from the surface center of the furnace outer glass plate which comprises a test body, and the surface center of the copper glass plate. When 20 minutes have elapsed since the start of the test, the temperature of the former is 500 ° C. or lower, and if the latter temperature is 65 ° C. or lower or 80% or more of the carbonized film is present with respect to the entire surface of the test body, pass (○), otherwise fail It determined by (x). When the test body completely disappeared and the fire resistance test was unavoidably stopped, it was determined as (-). The results are shown in Table 2.

In the fire resistance column of Table 2, the evaluation result and flame-proof time of a fire test are shown. Moreover, in Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 in which two flame-proof times are indicated, the case where one glass plate is arrange | positioned at the heating side with respect to the two glass plates which form a test body, and the other glass plate is arrange | positioned at the heating side In one case, flame-retardation time was measured, respectively. The arrow attached to flame-proofing time means the direction in which a glass plate is arrange | positioned. Specifically, the right arrow means that the glass plate described earlier is disposed on the heating side of two glass plates, and the left arrow means that the glass plate described later is disposed on the heating side.

In this test, the blackened (glossy removed) surface of the 300 mm x 300 mm board (aluminum or steel) was installed toward the test body at a position 1000 mm away from the test body. And the temperature was measured by fixing a thermocouple to the center of the blackened surface of a board. In the heat shielding column of Table 2, the temperature of the surface center of a glass plate is shown on the left side, and the temperature of the position 1000 mm away from the glass plate is shown on the right side. In addition, in Table 2, TPX represents a tempax glass plate, FL represents a float glass plate, and PVB represents polyvinyl butyral. The number described on the right side of the glass plate or the interlayer film indicates the thickness (mm) of the glass plate and the thickness (mm) of the interlayer film, respectively.

The arrow direction in fire resistance shows the heating side with respect to a glass plate.

As is clear from the comparison of Examples and Comparative Examples, in Examples 1 to 6, that is, at least one glass plate is a fireproof glass plate, and in the laminated glass in which the interlayer film is self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral, all evaluation items were judged to pass. .

In Examples 1-6, the self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral did not burn at the time of a fire test, and the carbonization film (blackening film) adhere | attached on the fireproof glass board, and the effect which prevents radiant heat to outside of a furnace, ie, heat shielding property, was confirmed. .

Moreover, about having put the window frame made from aluminum into the laminated glass which used the glass plate of 900 mm x 1800 mm size which has the same structure as Example 4, and carried out the qualification test (fire flame 20 minutes) of the fire prevention installation in the public testing institution, It was judged to pass.

In Comparative Example 1, the unreinforced float glass plate was completely eliminated 5 minutes after the start of the test. As a result, even if self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral was used for the interlayer, no effect was obtained.

In Comparative Examples 2-5, the decomposition gas of polyvinyl butyral burned within 20 minutes from the start of a test, and the flame generate | occur | produced from the crack of the glass plate of the furnace side.

In Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5, since a large flame came out of the furnace, a heat insulating blanket was covered in the outbreak part in consideration of safety. For this reason, the temperature with * mark is set to the atmospheric temperature level of a test site.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The laminated glass 11 is formed by adhering two glass plates 12a and 12b through the interlayer film 13. At least one of the glass plates 12a and 12b is a fireproof glass plate, and the interlayer film 13 is made of a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film. In this case, when a fireproof glass plate is used toward a room, the fire resistance of the laminated glass 11 improves. Moreover, since a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film carbonizes and a carbonization film remains on a fireproof glass plate, it exhibits the outstanding heat shielding property. Therefore, evacuation time can be ensured at the time of fire. Moreover, as a result of suppressing the radiant heat of the infrared region from the room where a fire occurred, the rise of the temperature on the outdoor side is suppressed, and the secondary fire by combustion of a wooden window frame etc. can be delayed. In addition, since the haze is lower than when the laminated film of the fluororesin film and the polyvinyl butyral film is used as the intermediate film 13, the appearance quality is improved.

(2) When the fire prevention glass plate is used for both of the two glass plates 12a and 12b which comprise the laminated glass 11, it becomes unnecessary to determine the surface which consists of a fire prevention glass plate at the time of construction. Moreover, stable fire resistance and excellent heat shielding property can be exhibited.

(3) When a glass plate having a linear expansion coefficient of less than 5 × 10 ⁻⁶ K ⁻¹ is used as the fireproof glass plate, stable fire resistance and excellent heat shielding properties can be exhibited.

(4) When a wire mesh glass plate is used as a fireproof glass plate, while exhibiting stable fire resistance and excellent heat shielding property, when glass is broken compared with the case where the glass plate which does not contain a wire mesh is used, glass fragments do not fall easily.

(5) When a super tempered glass plate is used as the fireproof glass plate, while exhibiting stable fire resistance and excellent heat shielding properties, a clock is better than when a wire mesh glass plate is used.

(6) The self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film which comprises the interlayer film 13 is a polyvinyl butyral film to which the phosphorus flame retardant was added. In this case, manufacture of a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film becomes easy.

(7) As the phosphorus flame retardant, at least one selected from triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, diphenyl phosphate, bisphenol bis diphenyl phosphate and tris-β-chloropropyl phosphate is added. In this case, mixing with polyvinyl butyral is better than other phosphorus flame retardants.

(8) In the manufacture of the laminated glass 11, a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film is used for the interlayer film 13. In this case, the laminated glass 11 can be manufactured using the apparatus substantially similar to the case where the conventional polyvinyl butyral film is used.

In addition, you may change this embodiment as follows.

As for the laminated glass 11, several glass plates were bonded through the interlayer film 13, at least 1 piece of a glass plate is a fireproof glass plate, and the interlayer film 13 should just be a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film. For example, the number of sheets of a glass plate is not limited to 2 sheets, 3 or more sheets may be sufficient. When there are three or more glass plates, the fire prevention glass plate may be arrange | positioned in the state which did not expose the surface. However, it is preferable that the fire prevention glass is arrange | positioned in the state which exposed the surface.

The laminated glass 11 is not limited to the same kind of fire prevention glass plates, You may form combining the different types of fire prevention glass plates. For example, even when formed by combining a wire mesh glass plate and a glass plate having a linear expansion coefficient of less than 5 × 10 ⁻⁶ K ⁻¹ , a wire mesh glass plate and a super toughened glass plate, a glass plate having a linear expansion coefficient of less than 5 × 10 ⁻⁶ K ^−1, and a super toughened glass plate do.

The some glass plate which comprises the laminated glass 11 may have the same thickness, and may have different thickness.

The flame retardant contained in the self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film may be a flame retardant obtained by obtaining a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film having a lower haze than a fluorine resin film in addition to the phosphorus-based flame retardant.

As a phosphorus flame retardant, you may use things other than a triphenyl phosphate, a tricresyl phosphate, a diphenyl phosphate, bisphenol bis diphenyl phosphate, and a tris- (beta)-chloropropyl phosphate.

In addition to self-extinguishing performance, a laminated glass having both anti-splashing properties can be provided by laminating other tempered glass via water glass (for example, PYROBEL manufactured by GLAVERBEL, Belgium) on the laminated glass of the present invention. The multilayer glass obtained in this way is especially preferable as a ship window glass.

(1) The laminated glass 11 is formed by adhering two glass plates 12a and 12b through the interlayer film 13. At least one of the glass plates 12a and 12b is a fireproof glass plate, and the interlayer film 13 is made of a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film. In this case, when a fireproof glass plate is used toward a room, the fire resistance of the laminated glass 11 improves. Moreover, since a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film carbonizes and a carbonization film remains on a fireproof glass plate, it exhibits the outstanding heat shielding property. Therefore, evacuation time can be ensured at the time of fire. Moreover, as a result of suppressing the radiant heat of the infrared region from the room where the fire occurred, the rise of the temperature on the outside side is suppressed, and the secondary fire due to the combustion of the wooden window frame or the like can be delayed. In addition, since the haze is lower than when the laminated film of the fluororesin film and the polyvinyl butyral film is used as the intermediate film 13, the appearance quality is improved.

(2) When the fire prevention glass plate is used for both of the two glass plates 12a and 12b which comprise the laminated glass 11, it becomes unnecessary to determine the surface which consists of a fire prevention glass plate at the time of construction. Moreover, stable fire resistance and excellent heat shielding property can be exhibited.

(3) When a glass plate having a linear expansion coefficient of less than 5 × 10 ⁻⁶ K ⁻¹ is used as the fireproof glass plate, stable fire resistance and excellent heat shielding properties can be exhibited.

(4) When a wire mesh glass plate is used as a fireproof glass plate, while exhibiting stable fire resistance and excellent heat shielding property, when glass is broken compared with the case where the glass plate which does not contain a wire mesh is used, glass fragments do not fall easily.

(5) When a super tempered glass plate is used as the fireproof glass plate, while exhibiting stable fire resistance and excellent heat shielding properties, a clock is better than when a wire mesh glass plate is used.

(6) The self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film which comprises the interlayer film 13 is a polyvinyl butyral film to which the phosphorus flame retardant was added. In this case, manufacture of a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film becomes easy.

(7) As the phosphorus flame retardant, at least one selected from triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, diphenyl phosphate, bisphenol bis diphenyl phosphate and tris-β-chloropropyl phosphate is added. In this case, mixing with polyvinyl butyral is better than other phosphorus flame retardants.

(8) In the manufacture of the laminated glass 11, a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film is used for the interlayer film 13. In this case, the laminated glass 11 can be manufactured using the apparatus substantially similar to the case where the conventional polyvinyl butyral film is used.

Claims (7)

Plywood glass in which a plurality of glass plates are bonded through an interlayer film, At least one of the plurality of glass plates is a fireproof glass plate, The laminated glass is characterized in that the interlayer is made of a self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film. The method of claim 1, With a plurality of fire prevention glass plates, Plywood glass in which at least one of a plurality of fireproof glass plates is bonded with respect to another glass plate in the state which exposed the surface. The method of claim 1, The laminated glass of the said fire prevention glass plate is less than 5x10 <^-6> K <^-1> . The method of claim 1, The fireproof glass plate is a laminated glass glass plate. The method of claim 1, The fireproof glass plate is a laminated glass of super tempered glass plate. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The said self-extinguishing polyvinyl butyral film is a polyvinyl butyral film to which the phosphorus flame retardant was added. The method of claim 6, Examples of the phosphorus-based flame retardant include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecyldiphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, and t-butylphenyl di Phenylphosphate, bis- (t-butylphenyl) phenylphosphate, tris- (t-butylphenyl) phosphate, isopropylphenyldiphenylphosphate, bis- (isopropylphenyl) diphenylphosphate, tris- (isopropylphenyl) phosphate , Resorcinolbis-diphenyl phosphate, resorcinolbis-dixylenylphosphate, bisphenol A bis-diphenyl phosphate, tris (chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (β-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (dichloropropyl) phosphate Selected from tetrakis (2chloroethyl) dichloroisopentyldiphosphate, polyoxyalkylenebis (dichloroalkyl) phosphate Laminated glass is added to at least one dog.

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