KR20070096799A - Reverse osmosis apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A reverse osmosis apparatus which can simply set a membrane separating time and a cleaning time, can efficiently perform a membrane separating process and a cleaning process at the same time, and can maintain an efficiency of a reverse osmosis membrane in an excellent state is provided. A reverse osmosis apparatus(1) comprises: a membrane separating mechanism(10) for separating separation objects from raw water by a reverse osmosis membrane; a feeding mechanism(20) for pressurizing raw water to feed the raw water to the membrane separating mechanism; a water supply pipe(30) for supplying raw water that has permeated the reverse osmosis membrane to the outside; a water discharge pipe(35) for discharging raw water that has not permeated the reverse osmosis membrane to the outside; a water discharge valve(36) installed on the water discharge pipe; a control device for carrying out a membrane separating process of separating separation objects from raw water supplied into a container in a state that the water discharge valve is closed and a cleaning process of cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane using the raw water supplied into the container in a state that the water discharge valve is opened in such a manner that the membrane separating process and the cleaning process are alternately repeated at predetermined time intervals; and a setting mechanism for setting a time from beginning to termination of the membrane separating process and a time from beginning to termination of the cleaning process respectively.

Description

Reverse osmosis device {REVERSE OSMOSIS APPARATUS}

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the reverse osmosis apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 2 is a control circuit diagram of the reverse osmosis apparatus shown in FIG. 1.

3 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a membrane separation mechanism according to the present embodiment.

4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an operating state of the reverse osmosis apparatus according to the present embodiment.

It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the reverse osmosis apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

6 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the control device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the reverse osmosis apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 8 is a control circuit diagram of the reverse osmosis apparatus shown in FIG. 7.

It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the operation state of the reverse osmosis apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the reverse osmosis apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

11 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the control device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a reverse osmosis device configured to separate and remove a separation object contained in raw water by a reverse osmosis membrane.

As said reverse osmosis apparatus, what was disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2002-119965 is known conventionally, for example. The reverse osmosis device comprises a reverse osmosis membrane and a container body of a pressure-resistant structure accommodating the reverse osmosis membrane therein, and a membrane separation mechanism for separating the separation object contained in the raw water by the reverse osmosis membrane, and a container body connected to the container body. A supply mechanism comprising a supply pipe and a supply pump for pressurizing and supplying raw water to the inside of the container body through the supply pipe, a water supply pipe connected to the container body and supplying raw water that has passed through the reverse osmosis membrane to the outside, and a container body connected to the container body. And a drain pipe for discharging the raw water that has not permeated the reverse osmosis membrane to the outside, a drain valve provided in the drain pipe, and a control device for controlling the operation of the drain valve.

One end of the drain pipe is connected to the container body, and the other end thereof is branched into two, and the drain valve is provided on one branch of the drain pipe. In addition, this drain valve is normally controlled by the said control apparatus so that it may become a closed state and open only at the time of the washing | cleaning of a reverse osmosis membrane.

According to this reverse osmosis device, when raw water is supplied into the container body through a supply pipe by a supply pump, a part of the supplied raw water passes through the reverse osmosis membrane, and the object to be separated is discharged from the water supply pipe to the outside as separated permeate water. The remainder of the supplied raw water is discharged to the outside from the drainage pipe (the other side branched) without passing through the reverse osmosis membrane.

On the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane, according to the use of the reverse osmosis membrane, various separation objects separated from the raw water gradually accumulate, and gel substances, scales, etc. are generated, microorganisms proliferate or are blocked, and reverse osmosis. The performance of the reverse osmosis membrane decreases, such as deteriorating the quantity of water that permeates the membrane and the quality of the permeate.

For this reason, in the said reverse osmosis apparatus, whenever the treatment time by a reverse osmosis membrane reaches a fixed time (whenever the quantity of treatment by a reverse osmosis membrane reaches a fixed amount), the washing process of a reverse osmosis membrane is performed for a predetermined time, and the said The separation object deposited on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane is appropriately removed.

Specifically, the drain valve is operated by the control device to be opened for a predetermined time, and from the drain pipe (one branched and the other side) of the raw water supplied into the container body by the feed pump without penetrating the reverse osmosis membrane. As the quantity of raw water discharged to the outside becomes large, the separation object deposited on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane is washed out and removed by the water flow of the raw water which flows the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane toward the drainage pipe side. In this way, the washing treatment is performed at regular intervals, so that the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane is maintained in a good state.

By the way, in order to keep the performance of a reverse osmosis membrane in a favorable state, the interval which performs a washing process and the processing time of the said washing process are respectively different with the use state of the said reverse osmosis apparatus, the kind of separation object contained in raw water, etc., It cannot be set uniformly. For example, when the raw water is tap water, the concentration of the water pollutant (separation target) contained in the tap water fluctuates according to the season. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the interval between the washing treatment and the treatment time of the washing treatment for each season. .

However, in the conventional reverse osmosis apparatus, there is a problem that the user cannot simply adjust and set the interval for performing the cleaning process and the processing time of the cleaning process, respectively. In addition, if the interval between the cleaning treatment or the treatment time of the cleaning treatment is too long or too short, the problem of treatment efficiency decreases or the interval between the washing treatments is too long, and deposition on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane of the separation object proceeds. The problem that the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane is greatly reduced, that it is difficult to remove the deposited separation object, or that the separation object is required to be removed for a long time, and that the treatment time of the cleaning treatment is too short, results in incomplete removal of the separation object. have.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reverse osmosis apparatus capable of simply setting the respective treatment time of the membrane separation treatment and the washing treatment and efficiently performing the membrane separation treatment and the washing treatment. It is done.

The present invention for achieving the above object,

As a reverse osmosis device for separating and removing a separation object contained in raw water,

A reverse osmosis membrane, the membrane separation means for separating the separation object from the raw water by the reverse osmosis membrane, a supply means for pressurizing the raw water to supply the membrane separation means, and the membrane separation means, A water supply pipe for supplying raw water that has passed through the reverse osmosis membrane to the outside, a drain pipe connected to the membrane separation means to discharge raw water that has not passed through the reverse osmosis membrane to the outside, a drain valve provided in the drain pipe, and the drain valve And control means for controlling the operation of the

The control means includes a membrane separation process for separating the object to be separated from raw water supplied to the membrane separation means with the drain valve closed, and the drain valve open to supply the membrane separation means. In the reverse osmosis device configured to repeatedly perform the cleaning process for washing the reverse osmosis membrane with raw water, alternately each preset time,

Setting means for setting the time from the start to the end of the membrane separation process and the time from the start to the end of the cleaning process, respectively;

The control means is configured to alternately repeat the membrane separation process of performing the time set by the setting means and the washing process of performing the time set by the setting means. .

According to the present invention, under the control by the control means, the membrane separation process and the washing process are repeatedly performed alternately for a predetermined time. In the membrane separation process, since the drain valve is closed, the raw water pressurized by the supply means and supplied to the membrane separation means passes through the reverse osmosis membrane and is discharged from the water supply pipe to the outside as permeate water from which the object to be separated is separated.

On the other hand, in the washing process, since the drain valve is open, part of the raw water pressurized by the supply means and supplied to the membrane separation means passes through the reverse osmosis membrane, is discharged to the outside as a permeate water from the water supply pipe, and the rest is reverse osmosis. It does not penetrate the membrane and flows through the drain pipe and is discharged to the outside. Since the raw water discharged from the drain pipe flows through the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane toward the drain pipe side, the separation object deposited on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane is washed out and removed by the flow of raw water flowing in this way.

By the way, in order to keep the performance of a reverse osmosis membrane in a favorable state, each processing time (the time from the start of a process to the completion of a process) of the said membrane separation process and the washing process is isolate | separated in the use state of the said reverse osmosis apparatus, or raw water. Since it is different depending on the kind of object and cannot be set uniformly, it is necessary to set each said processing time individually for each said reverse osmosis apparatus.

Therefore, in the reverse osmosis apparatus according to the present invention, the setting means for setting each treatment time of the membrane separation treatment and the washing treatment is formed, and the control means performs the membrane separation treatment based on the treatment time set by the setting means. And cleaning processing are repeatedly performed alternately for a predetermined time.

Accordingly, the user can easily adjust and set the respective treatment times of the membrane separation treatment and the washing treatment by the setting means, and adjust the respective treatment times, thereby efficiently performing the membrane separation treatment and the washing treatment, or inversely. The performance of the permeable membrane can always be kept in good condition.

Further, the supply means is provided between a supply pipe to which one end is connected to the membrane separation means and the raw water is supplied from the other end, and between the one end and the other end of the supply pipe, and the raw water supplied from the other end. And a supply pump for pressurizing and supplying the membrane separation means, wherein the reverse osmosis apparatus simultaneously opens and closes the pipeline between the water supply pipe and the pipeline between the other end of the supply pipe and the supply pump. When the pipeline of the water supply pipe is opened, the pipeline of the supply pipe is opened, and the pipeline of the supply pipe is closed when the pipeline of the water supply pipe is closed, and the water pressure between the other end in the supply pipe and the supply pump is detected. The control means further comprises a water pressure detected by the detection means and the other end in the supply pipe when the supply pump is operated. And the operation of the feed pump based on a reference value lower than the water pressure between the other end side and the feed pump in the feed pipe when the feedwater valve is open, set in advance as the water pressure between the feed pump and When the detection water pressure rises to the reference value, the supply pump may be operated to supply the raw water to the membrane separation means, and when the detection water pressure falls below the reference value, the operation of the supply pump may be stopped.

In this way, when the water supply valve opens and the water supply pipe and the supply pipe open, the water pressure between the other end in the supply pipe and the supply pump increases due to the raw water supplied from the other end of the supply pipe. When the water pressure in the supply pipe detected by the detection means rises to the reference value, the supply pump is driven by the control means, and the raw water is pressurized by the supply pump and supplied to the membrane separation means through the supply pipe.

The raw water supplied to the membrane separation means is discharged from the water supply pipe through the reverse osmosis membrane when the membrane separation process is being executed under the control by the control means, while when the washing process is being performed, a part of the raw water is passed through the reverse osmosis membrane to supply the water supply pipe. Is discharged from the drain pipe without remaining through the reverse osmosis membrane.

Thereafter, when the water supply valve is closed and the pipelines of the water supply pipe and the supply pipe are closed, permeate is not discharged from the water supply pipe, and raw water is not supplied from the other end of the supply pipe, and between the other end and the supply pump in the supply pipe. The water pressure decreases. And when the water pressure in a supply pipe detected by a detection means falls below a reference value, operation of a supply pump will be stopped by a control means.

When the control means is configured in this way, when the water supply valve is closed and the permeate is not used, the operation of the supply pump can be stopped. Therefore, the reverse osmosis device can be efficiently operated to suppress unnecessary power consumption and the like. have.

Moreover, the said reverse osmosis apparatus further includes a water supply valve provided in the said water supply pipe, and the detection means which detects the water pressure in the said water supply pipe, The said control means stops the water pressure detected by the said detection means, and the said supply means. When the water pressure is set in advance as the water pressure in the water supply pipe, the operation of the supply means is controlled based on a reference value higher than the water pressure in the water supply pipe when the water supply valve is opened, and when the detected water pressure falls below the reference value, The supply means may be operated to supply the raw water to the membrane separation means, and may be configured to stop the operation of the supply means when the detected water pressure rises to the reference value.

In this way, when a water supply valve opens and the water pressure in a water supply pipe falls and the water pressure in the water supply pipe detected by a detection means falls below a reference value, a supply means will be driven by a control means, and raw water will be pressurized by the supply means. Supplied to the membrane separation means.

Under the control of the control means, the raw water supplied to the membrane separation means is discharged to the water supply pipe through the reverse osmosis membrane when the membrane separation process is being executed, while part of the raw water is passed through the reverse osmosis membrane to the water supply pipe during the cleaning process. Discharge is carried out, and the remainder is discharged from the drain pipe without passing through the reverse osmosis membrane.

After that, when the water supply valve is closed, permeated water is not discharged from the water supply pipe and the water pressure in the water supply pipe increases. When the water pressure in the water supply pipe detected by the detection means rises to the reference value, the operation of the supply means is stopped by the control means.

Even if the control means is configured in this way, when the water supply valve is closed and the permeate is not used, the operation of the supply means can be stopped in the same manner as described above. Can be suppressed.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, specific embodiment of this invention is described based on an accompanying drawing. 1 is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the reverse osmosis apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and FIG. 2 is a control circuit diagram of the reverse osmosis apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the membrane separation mechanism which concerns on this embodiment, and FIG. 4 is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the operation state of the reverse osmosis apparatus which concerns on this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the reverse osmosis apparatus 1 of this example isolate | separates and removes the water contaminant contained in raw water which is tap water as a separation object, and produces | generates clean water, The membrane separation mechanism 10 for separating the separation object contained in the raw water, the supply mechanism 20 for supplying the raw water to the membrane separation mechanism 10, the water supply pipe 30 and the drain pipe connected to the membrane separation mechanism 10. (35), a coke (water supply valve) 31 and a drain valve (first drain valve) 36 provided in the water supply pipe 30 and the drain pipe 35, respectively, and a water pressure, and based on the detected water pressure Opening and closing of the electrical contact by the pressure switch 40, the setting mechanism (not shown) for setting each processing time of the membrane separation process and the washing process described later, the pressure switch 40 for opening and closing the electrical contact, and Of the supply mechanism 20 based on each processing time set by a setting mechanism (not shown). The control circuit (control device) 45 which controls the operation of the feed pump 22, the raw water supply valve 25, and the first drain valve 36, and the pretreatment of the raw water supplied to the membrane separation mechanism 10 are performed. And a pretreatment mechanism 18 for separating a part of the object to be separated.

As shown in FIG. 3, the membrane separation mechanism 10 includes a container body 11 having a pressure-resistant structure formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and is formed in a cylindrical shape and accommodated in the container body 11. The reverse osmosis membrane 15 is formed. The container body 11 is composed of a cylindrical body 12 and a first lid 13 and a second lid 14 for closing both ends of the body 12, respectively. One end side of the supply pipe 21 of the supply mechanism 20 at the central portion of 13, the water supply pipe 30 at the central portion of the second lid 14, and the drainage pipe ( 35) are respectively connected. In addition, the reverse osmosis membrane 15 has a hollow portion 15a which is opened in the end face on the second lid 14 side and communicates with the water supply pipe 30, and the object to be separated is the raw water from the outer circumference side. When it penetrates into the hollow part 15a side, it isolate | separates and removes. The reverse osmosis membrane 15 separates, for example, chemical substances, microorganisms, heavy metals, and the like which are not separated or removed by the pretreatment mechanism 18.

One end of the supply mechanism 20 is connected to the container body 11, and the other end of the supply mechanism 20 is connected to a water pipe (not shown), and the inside of the container body 11 through the supply pipe 21. It consists of a feed pump 22 which pressurizes and supplies raw water. In addition to the supply pump 22, the supply pipe 21 is provided with a pretreatment mechanism 18, a pressure gauge 24, a pressure switch 40, a raw water supply valve 25, and an integrated flowmeter 26, respectively. (18) is on the other end side of the supply pipe 21, the pressure gauge 24 and the pressure switch 40 is downstream of the pretreatment mechanism 18, the raw water supply valve 25 is the pressure gauge 24 and the pressure switch 40 ), The integrated flowmeter 26 is disposed downstream of the raw water supply valve 25, and the supply pump 22 is disposed downstream of the integrated flowmeter 26. Moreover, the said pressure gauge 24 detects the water pressure in the supply pipe 21, and the said integration flowmeter 26 detects the integrated flow volume of the raw water which distribute | circulates in the supply pipe 21. As shown in FIG. This integration flow volume becomes a reference | standard of the exchange time of the reverse osmosis membrane 15, for example.

The water supply pipe 30 has one end connected to the container body 11, the other end opened at an appropriate position (not shown), and the raw water passing through the reverse osmosis membrane 15 is separated. It is discharged to the other end opening (not shown) as permeate water (clean water). In addition to the cock 31, this water supply pipe 30 is provided with a check valve 32 for flowing permeate only toward the other end opening portion (not shown). The check valve 32 is provided with a cock. It is arrange | positioned more upstream than (31).

The coke 31 simultaneously opens and closes the pipeline of the water supply pipe 30 and the pipeline upstream than the pretreatment mechanism 18 of the supply pipe 21, and opens the pipeline of the water supply pipe 30. While the pipeline is also open, when the pipeline of the water supply pipe 30 is closed, the pipeline of the supply pipe 21 is also closed.

The drain pipe 35 is configured such that one end side is connected to the container body 11 and the other end side branches into two flow paths 35a and 35b and joins again, and does not penetrate the reverse osmosis membrane 15. (Raw water supplied at the time of washing the concentrated water and the reverse osmosis membrane 15) is discharged to the outside. In addition to the 1st drain valve 36, the pressure gauge 37 and the 2nd drain valve 38 are each provided in this drain pipe 35, and the pressure gauge 37 is an upstream side of a branch of the drain pipe 35 rather than a branch part. On the one flow path 35a which the 2nd drain valve 38 branched off, the 1st drain valve 36 is arrange | positioned at the other flow path 35b which branched off. Moreover, the said pressure gauge 37 detects the water pressure in the drain pipe 35, and the 2nd drain valve 38 does not pass through the reverse osmosis membrane 15 at the time of membrane separation process, but the flow path of the drain pipe 35 ( 35a) is adjusted to adjust the flow rate of the discharged raw water (concentrated water in which the separation target is concentrated).

The pressure switch 40 detects the water pressure in the supply pipe 21 (between the pretreatment mechanism 18 and the raw water supply valve 25 in the supply pipe 21), and the detected water pressure is 0.2 MPa or more in absolute pressure. Close the electrical contacts. Moreover, the reference pressure (0.2 MPa) which this pressure switch 40 opens and closes an electrical contact is the preprocessing mechanism 18 and the raw water supply valve 25 in the supply pipe 21 at the time of operating the supply pump 22. The pressure between the pretreatment mechanism 18 and the raw water supply valve 25 in the supply pipe 21 when the cock 31 is open is lower than the pressure between the pretreatment mechanism 18 and the raw water supply valve 25.

The said control circuit 45 keeps the 1st drain valve 36 closed, the membrane separation process which isolate | separates a separation object from the raw water supplied in the container body 11, and the 1st drain valve 36 was opened. In the state, the cleaning process for cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane 15 by the raw water supplied into the container body 11 is repeatedly performed alternately for each time set by the setting mechanism (not shown), When the coke 31 is opened, the feed pump 22 is operated, and when the coke 31 is closed, the operation of the feed pump 22 is stopped.

In addition, the control circuit 45 is connected so that the power supply 46 which supplies electric power to the said control circuit 45, the electrical contact opened and closed by the pressure switch 40, and the supply pump 22 form a closed circuit. At the same time, the feed pump 22 is connected to the raw water supply valve 25, the electrical contacts opened and closed by the timers A and B, the electrical contacts opened and closed by the timers B and A, and the first drain valve 36. And the electrical contacts opened and closed by the timer B, respectively. In addition, the lamp 48 is connected to the 1st drain valve 36 in parallel with this. In addition, the timer A and the timer B are comprised so that the time and electrical contact which were set by the setting mechanism (not shown), respectively may be closed.

According to this control circuit 45, operation of the supply pump 22, the raw water supply valve 25, and the 1st drain valve 36 will be controlled based on FIG. That is, when the coke 31 is opened from the standby state (state 1), raw water in the water pipe (not shown) flows into the supply pipe 21 by the water pressure in the water pipe (not shown), and the other side of the supply pipe 21 is opened. The water pressure between the short side and the raw water supply valve 25 increases (state 2).

And when the water pressure detected by the pressure switch 40 rises until it becomes 0.2 Mpa, the electrical contact of the said pressure switch 40 will close, the raw water supply valve 25 will operate and open, and the supply pump (22) is activated, and timer A is activated (state 3). Thereby, the raw water (permeate) which is supplied into the container body 11 by the supply pump 22, and permeate | transmitted the reverse osmosis membrane 15 is discharged from the other end opening part (not shown) of the water supply pipe 30. As shown in FIG. In this way, the membrane separation process is performed under the time control by the timer A. In addition, the water pressure detected by the pressure switch 40 rises to 0.4 MPa which is the water pressure in a water pipe (not shown) after this (state 4).

Thereafter, when a predetermined time (for example, 3 minutes) elapses and the timer A is cut off, the timer B is activated, the first drain valve 36 is operated to be opened, and the lamp 48 is turned on. (State 5). As a result, part of the raw water supplied into the container body 11 by the supply pump 22 passes through the reverse osmosis membrane 15, and is discharged from the other end opening (not shown) of the water supply pipe 30. The inside of the drain pipe 35 (the flow path 35a and the flow path 35b) flows through the reverse osmosis membrane 15 and is discharged to the outside. In this way, the washing process is performed under the time control by the timer B.

Thereafter, when a predetermined time (for example, 10 seconds) elapses and the timer B stops, the timer A is operated again, the first drain valve 36 is closed, and the lamp 48 is turned off (state 4). . Thereafter, the state 4 (membrane separation process) and the state 5 (washing process) are alternately repeated by predetermined time by the timer A and the timer B.

When the coke 31 is closed, permeated water is not discharged from the water supply pipe 30, and raw water is not supplied from the other end side of the supply pipe 21, and the water pressure of the supply pipe 21 decreases (state 6). When the water pressure detected by the pressure switch 40 falls below 0.2 MPa, the electrical contact of the pressure switch 40 opens, the raw water supply valve 25 closes, and the operation of the supply pump 22 stops. , Return to standby (state 1).

The pretreatment mechanism 18 includes a first filter processing section 18a and a second filter processing section 18b provided downstream from the first filter processing section 18a. The 1st filter process part 18a isolate | separates and removes the precipitation material, suspended matter, etc. which have comparatively large particle diameter, for example contained in raw water with a filter suitably, and the 2nd filter process part 18b makes carbon The filter adsorbs and removes, for example, a part of chemical substances, organic contaminants, chlorine, etc. from the raw water treated by the first filter processing unit 18a.

According to the reverse osmosis apparatus 1 of this example comprised as mentioned above, when the coke 31 opens and the water pressure detected by the pressure switch 40 rises to 0.2 MPa, the electrical contact of the said pressure switch 40 will close, The raw water supply valve 25 is operated to open, and the feed pump 22 is operated to feed the raw water into the container body 11. At this time, timer A is activated. A part of the raw water supplied into the container body 11 penetrates the reverse osmosis membrane 15, flows through the water supply pipe 30, is discharged from the other end opening (not shown) of the water supply pipe 30, and is supplied. The remaining raw water does not pass through the reverse osmosis membrane 15, but flows through the flow path 35a of the drain pipe 35 and is discharged.

When the raw water supplied into the container body 11 by the supply pump 22 passes through the 1st filter process part 18a and the 2nd filter process part 18b, a part of separation object will be isolate | separated and removed, and the reverse osmosis membrane In (15), the separation object which is not removed by the 1st filter process part 18a and the 2nd filter process part 18b is isolate | separated and removed. In this way, clean water from which the object to be separated is removed is discharged from the water supply pipe 30.

After this, when the predetermined time has elapsed and the timer A is cut off, the timer B is operated and the first drain valve 36 is operated to open. As a result, part of the raw water supplied into the container body 11 by the supply pump 22 passes through the reverse osmosis membrane 15, and is discharged from the other end opening (not shown) of the water supply pipe 30. The surface of the reverse osmosis membrane 15 flows toward the drain pipe 35 side without passing through the reverse osmosis membrane 15, and flows through the drain pipe 35 (the flow path 35a and the flow path 35b). The separation object deposited on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane 15 is washed away and removed by the water flow of raw water flowing out of the reverse osmosis membrane 15. At this time, the lamp 48 is turned on to display that the reverse osmosis membrane 15 is being cleaned.

After that, when the predetermined time has elapsed and the timer B is cut off, the timer A is operated again, the first drain valve 36 is closed, and the lamp 48 is turned off. In this way, under the time control by the timer A and the timer B, the membrane separation treatment and the washing treatment are alternately repeated for a predetermined time. In addition, each process time (time from a process start to a process end) of the said membrane separation process and the washing process is set previously by the said setting mechanism (not shown), respectively.

When the coke 31 is closed, permeated water is not discharged from the water supply pipe 30, and raw water is not supplied to the supply pipe 21, so that the water pressure in the supply pipe 21 is lowered, and the pressure switch 40 is applied to the pressure switch 40. When the water pressure detected by the pressure is lower than 0.2 MPa, the electrical contact of the pressure switch 40 is opened, the raw water supply valve 25 is closed, and the operation of the supply pump 22 is stopped to return to the standby state. At this time, timer A or timer B during operation is also stopped.

By the way, in order to keep the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane 15 in a favorable state, each processing time of the said membrane separation process and the washing | cleaning process is the use state of the said reverse osmosis apparatus 1, and the kind of separation object contained in raw water. Since it is different from each other and cannot be set uniformly, it is necessary to set each said processing time individually for each said reverse osmosis apparatus 1.

Therefore, in the reverse osmosis apparatus 1 of this example, the setting circuit (not shown) for setting each processing time of a membrane separation process and a washing process, respectively, is formed, and the control circuit 45 is a setting mechanism (not shown). And the membrane separation process and the washing process are alternately repeated at predetermined time intervals based on the processing time set by the above procedure.

Thereby, the user can easily adjust and set the respective treatment times of the membrane separation treatment and the washing treatment by a setting mechanism (not shown), and adjust the respective treatment times, thereby performing the membrane separation treatment and the washing treatment. It can perform efficiently, or can maintain the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane 15 always in a favorable state.

In addition, when the coke 31 is closed and permeate is not used, the operation of the feed pump 22 is stopped. Therefore, the reverse osmosis apparatus 1 can be efficiently operated to suppress unnecessary power consumption and the like. .

As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, the specific aspect which this invention can obtain is not limited to this.

In the reverse osmosis apparatus 1, the control circuit 45 is configured to control the operation of the supply pump 22, the raw water supply valve 25, and the first drain valve 36, but the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in FIG. 5, it is also possible to configure the control device 50 to control the operation of the supply pump 22, the raw water supply valve 25, and the first drain valve 36.

In this case, the reverse osmosis apparatus 2 is provided with the pressure sensor 51 instead of the said control circuit 50 instead of the said control circuit 45, and the said pressure switch 40. The pressure sensor 51 is provided between the 2nd filter process part 18b and the raw water supply valve 25 of the supply pipe 21, and detects the water pressure in the said supply pipe 21 as absolute pressure.

The control device 50 controls the operation of the supply pump 22 and the raw water supply valve 25 as shown in FIG. 6 on the basis of the water pressure detected by the pressure sensor 51. By controlling the operation of the first drain valve 36, the membrane separation process and the washing process are alternately repeated for each processing time set by the setting mechanism (not shown).

That is, when the coke 31 is opened, raw water flows into the supply pipe 21 by the water pressure in a water pipe (not shown), and the water pressure between the other end of the supply pipe 21 and the raw water supply valve 25 increases. Thereby, the control apparatus 50 checks whether the water pressure detected by the pressure sensor 51 became 0.2 Mpa or more (step S1), and when it judges that it became 0.2 Mpa or more, it turns off the raw water supply valve 25 It is made into the open state, the feed pump 22 is operated to supply the raw water into the container body 11, and the membrane separation process and the washing process are alternately repeated for a predetermined time (step S2).

The raw water supplied into the container body 11 is partially reverse osmosis membrane 15 under the control by the control device 50 when the membrane separation process is being executed (the first drain valve 36 is closed). Is discharged from the water supply pipe 30, and the rest flows through the flow path 35a of the drain pipe 35 and is discharged, while the cleaning process is being executed (the first drain valve 36 is opened). A part penetrates through the reverse osmosis membrane 15 and is discharged from the water supply pipe 30, and the remainder is passed through the flow path 35a and the flow path 35b of the drain pipe 35 and discharged.

After that, it is determined whether the water pressure in the supply pipe 21 detected by the pressure sensor 51 is lower than 0.2 MPa (step S3), and when it is determined that the pressure is lower than 0.2 MPa, it is determined that the cock 31 is closed. Then, the raw water supply valve 25 is closed, the operation of the supply pump 22 is stopped to be in the standby state (step S4), and the series of processing is completed. On the other hand, when it determines with the water pressure detected by the pressure sensor 51 in step S1 being lower than 0.2 Mpa, a process is complete | finished.

In this way, the reverse osmosis apparatus 2 in which the control device 50 is configured can perform the membrane separation process and the washing process alternately repeatedly for each processing time set by the setting mechanism (not shown), respectively. When the coke 31 is closed, the operation of the feed pump 22 can be stopped. Thus, the same effects as those of the reverse osmosis apparatus 1 can be obtained.

In the above example, when the cork 31 is opened and closed simultaneously with the pipeline of the water supply pipe 30 and the pipeline upstream than the pretreatment mechanism 18 of the supply pipe 21, the pipeline of the water supply pipe 30 is opened. While the pipeline of the supply pipe 21 is also opened, when the pipeline of the water supply pipe 30 is closed, the pipeline of the supply pipe 21 is also closed, but it is not limited to this, As shown in FIG. 7, the coke 31 is, You may be comprised so that only the pipeline of the water supply pipe 30 may be opened and closed.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the reverse osmosis apparatus 3 supplies the first raw water supply valve 23 upstream from the pretreatment mechanism 18 of the supply pipe 21 and the supply pipe 21. The first pressure switch 40 downstream of the pretreatment mechanism 18, and the second raw water supply valve 25 downstream of the first pressure switch 40, the check valve 32 of the water supply pipe 30. The second pressure switch 41 on the downstream side of), the flow meter 33 on the downstream side of the second pressure switch 41 of the water supply pipe 30, and the coke on the downstream side of the flow meter 33 of the water supply pipe 30 The control circuit 55 is provided in place of the control circuit 45. In addition, about the component same as the said reverse osmosis apparatus 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

The flowmeter 33 detects the flow rate of the permeated water flowing through the water supply pipe 30. The first pressure switch 40 detects the water pressure in the supply pipe 21 (between the pretreatment mechanism 18 and the raw water supply valve 25 in the supply pipe 21), and the detected water pressure is 0.2 at the absolute pressure. The electrical contact is closed when it is over MPa. The second pressure switch 41 detects the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30, and opens the electrical contact when the detected water pressure is 0.4 MPa or more in absolute pressure.

In addition, the reference pressure (0.4 MPa) at which the second pressure switch 41 opens and closes the electrical contact is water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 at the time of stopping the supply pump 22, and when the coke 31 is open. It is a water pressure higher than the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 (about 0 MPa in absolute pressure).

The control circuit 55 repeatedly performs the membrane separation process and the washing process alternately for each time set by the setting mechanism (not shown), and when the coke 31 is opened, the supply pump 22 is operated. It operates and stops operation of the feed pump 22 when the coke 31 is closed.

In addition, the control circuit 55 includes a power supply 46, an electrical contact opened and closed by the first pressure switch 40, an electrical contact opened and closed by the second pressure switch 41, and a supply pump 22. Is connected to form a closed circuit, the electrical contact is opened and closed by the second raw water supply valve 25, the timer A and the timer B, and the electrical contact is opened and closed by the timer B and the timer A to the supply pump 22. And the electrical contact which is opened and closed by the first drain valve 36 and the timer B are connected in parallel, respectively.

According to this control circuit 55, operation of the supply pump 22, the 2nd raw water supply valve 25, and the 1st drain valve 36 is controlled as demonstrated based on FIG. That is, after the other end side of the supply pipe 21 is connected to a water pipe (not shown) (initial state), when the first raw water supply valve 23 is opened, the water pipe (not shown) by water pressure in the water pipe (not shown) The raw water in the inside) flows into the supply pipe 21, and the water pressure between the other end side of the supply pipe 21 and the 2nd raw water supply valve 25 rises (state 1).

Then, when the water pressure detected by the first pressure switch 40 rises to 0.2 MPa, the electrical contact of the first pressure switch 40 is closed, and the second raw water supply valve 25 is operated to open. At the same time, the feed pump 22 is operated to feed the raw water into the container body 11, and the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 rises (state 2). After that, when the water pressure detected by the second pressure switch 41 rises to 0.4 MPa, the electrical contact of the second pressure switch 41 opens, and the second raw water supply valve 25 closes. The operation of the feed pump 22 is stopped and the standby state is reached (state 3).

When the coke 31 is opened, the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 drops to about 0 MPa, which is detected by the second pressure switch 41, and the electrical contact of the second pressure switch 41 is closed. As a result, the second raw water supply valve 25 is operated to be in an open state, the supply pump 22 is operated, and the timer A is also operated (state 4). Thereby, the raw water (permeate) which is supplied into the container body 11 by the supply pump 22, and permeate | transmitted the reverse osmosis membrane 15 is discharged from the other end opening part (not shown) of the water supply pipe 30. As shown in FIG. In this way, the membrane separation process is performed under the time control by the timer A.

Thereafter, when the predetermined time has elapsed and the timer A is cut off, the timer B is activated, the first drain valve 36 is operated to be opened, and the lamp 48 is turned on (state 5). As a result, part of the raw water supplied into the container body 11 by the supply pump 22 passes through the reverse osmosis membrane 15, and is discharged from the other end opening (not shown) of the water supply pipe 30. It flows through the inside of the drain pipe 35 (flow path 35a and flow path 35b), and does not penetrate the reverse osmosis membrane 15, and is discharged | emitted. In this way, the washing process is performed under the time control by the timer B. FIG.

After that, when the predetermined time has elapsed and the timer B is cut off, the timer A is operated again, the first drain valve 36 is closed, and the lamp 48 is turned off (state 4). Thereafter, the state 4 (membrane separation process) and the state 5 (washing process) are alternately repeated by predetermined time by the timer A and the timer B.

When the coke 31 is closed, permeated water is not discharged from the water supply pipe 30 so that the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 increases (state 6), and the water pressure detected by the second pressure switch 41 is 0.4 MPa. When it rises up to, the electrical contact of the said 2nd pressure switch 41 opens, the 2nd raw water supply valve 25 will be closed, and operation | movement of the feed pump 22 will stop and it will be in a standby state (state 7).

Thereafter, when the coke 31 is opened, the state 4 is obtained. When the coke 31 is closed, the state returns to the standby state of the state 7 via the state 6.

The reverse osmosis apparatus 3 configured as described above can also perform the membrane separation process and the washing process alternately repeatedly for each processing time set by the setting mechanism (not shown), and the coke 31 When it is closed, since operation of the feed pump 22 can be stopped, the same effect as the said reverse osmosis apparatus 1 can be acquired.

In the reverse osmosis device 3, the control circuit 55 is configured to control the operation of the supply pump 22, the second raw water supply valve 25, and the first drain valve 36. 10, the control device 60 may control the operation of the supply pump 22, the second raw water supply valve 25, and the first drain valve 36. .

In this case, the reverse osmosis device 4 replaces the control device 60 in place of the control circuit 55 and replaces the first pressure switch 40 and the second pressure switch 41 with a first pressure sensor. 61 and the second pressure sensor 62 are provided. The 1st pressure sensor 61 is installed between the 2nd filter process part 18b and the 2nd raw water supply valve 25 of the supply pipe 21, detects the water pressure in the said supply pipe 21 as absolute pressure, and 2 pressure sensor 62 is provided between the check valve 32 and the flowmeter 33 of the water supply pipe 30, and detects the water pressure in the said water supply pipe 30 as absolute pressure.

The control device 60, based on the water pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 61 and the second pressure sensor 62, as shown in FIG. 11, the supply pump 22 and the raw water supply valve ( The operation of the first drain valve 36 is controlled, and the membrane separation process and the washing process are alternately repeated for each treatment time set by the setting mechanism (not shown), respectively. Run

That is, after the other end side of the supply pipe 21 is connected to a water pipe (not shown), when the first raw water supply valve 23 is opened, raw water flows into the supply pipe 21 by water pressure in the water pipe (not shown). Since the water pressure between the other end side of the supply pipe 21 and the 2nd raw water supply valve 25 rises, the control apparatus 60 detects that the water pressure detected by the 1st pressure sensor 61 is 0.2 Mpa or more. When it is determined whether or not it is (Step S11), and when it is determined that it is 0.2 MPa or more, the second raw water supply valve 25 is operated to be opened, and the supply pump 22 is operated to feed the raw water into the container body ( 11) (step S12).

When the raw water is supplied into the container body 11, since the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 rises, it is checked whether or not the water pressure detected by the second pressure sensor 62 is 0.4 MPa or more (step S13), and 0.4 MPa. When it determines with abnormality, the 2nd raw water supply valve 25 is closed, operation | movement of the supply pump 22 is stopped, and it is set to a standby state (step S14).

Thereafter, it is checked whether or not the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 detected by the second pressure sensor 52 is lower than 0.4 MPa, that is, the coke 31 is opened and the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 is about 0 MPa. When it is determined whether or not it is lowered (step S15) and it is judged that it is lower than 0.4 MPa, the second raw water supply valve 25 is operated to be opened, and the feed pump 22 is operated to feed the raw water into the container body 11. ), And the membrane separation process and the washing process are alternately repeated for a predetermined time (step S16).

The raw water supplied into the container body 11 is part of the reverse osmosis membrane 15 under the control of the control device 60 when the membrane separation process is being executed (the first drain valve 36 is closed). Is discharged from the water supply pipe 30, and the rest flows through the flow path 35a of the drain pipe 35 and is discharged, while the cleaning process is being executed (the first drain valve 36 is opened). A part penetrates through the reverse osmosis membrane 15 and is discharged from the water supply pipe 30, and the remainder flows through the flow path 35a and the flow path 35b of the water pipe 35, and is discharged.

After that, it is confirmed whether or not the water pressure in the water supply pipe 30 detected by the second pressure sensor 62 has been 0.4 MPa or more (step S17), and when it is determined that the pressure has been 0.4 MPa or more, the cock 31 is closed. It judges that it was set, the 2nd raw water supply valve 25 is closed, operation | movement of the supply pump 22 is stopped, and it is set to a standby state (step S18).

Then, after that, the process of step S15-step S18 is repeated and performed. In addition, when it determines with the water pressure detected by the 1st pressure sensor 61 being lower than 0.2 MPa in step S1, a process is complete | finished.

In this way, the reverse osmosis apparatus 4 in which the control device 60 is configured can also repeatedly perform the membrane separation process and the washing process alternately for each processing time set by the setting mechanism (not shown). When the coke 31 is closed, the operation of the feed pump 22 can be stopped. Thus, the same effects as those of the reverse osmosis apparatus 1 can be obtained.

In the reverse osmosis device 3 shown in FIG. 7 and the reverse osmosis device 4 shown in FIG. 10, it is sufficient if the water supply ON or OFF is roughly controlled, such as when the permeate is temporarily stored in the buffer tank. It is only necessary to do this in the first raw water supply valve 23, and it is not necessary to provide the cock 31 in particular.

In addition, in the said example, although the water pressure for changing the control state of the supply pump 22 and the (2nd) raw water supply valve 25 was based on 0.2 MPa and 0.4 MPa, it is not limited to this, This water pressure is suitably Can be set. In addition, in the said example, although the processing time of the membrane separation process was set to 3 minutes, and the processing time of the washing process was set to 10 second, it is not limited to this, Each of these process time can be set suitably. In addition, raw water is not limited to tap water.

As mentioned above, according to the reverse osmosis apparatus which concerns on this invention, since the setting means for setting each processing time of a membrane separation process and a washing process was provided and comprised, according to the said setting means, a user uses a membrane separation process and Each treatment time of the cleaning treatment can be easily adjusted and set, and by adjusting the treatment time, the membrane separation treatment and the cleaning treatment can be efficiently carried out, or the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane can always be maintained in a good state. .

Claims (3)

A reverse osmosis device for separating and removing a separation object contained in raw water, A reverse osmosis membrane, connected to the membrane separation means for separating the separation object from the raw water by the reverse osmosis membrane, a supply means for pressurizing the raw water to supply the membrane separation means, and the membrane separation means, A water supply pipe for supplying raw water that has passed through the reverse osmosis membrane to the outside, a drain pipe connected to the membrane separation means to discharge raw water that has not permeated the reverse osmosis membrane to the outside, a drain valve provided in the drain pipe, and the drain valve And control means for controlling the operation of the The control means includes a membrane separation process for separating the object to be separated from raw water supplied to the membrane separation means with the drain valve closed, and the drain valve open to supply the membrane separation means. A reverse osmosis device configured to repeatedly perform a washing process for washing the reverse osmosis membrane with raw water, alternately each preset time, Setting means for setting the time from the start to the end of the membrane separation process and the time from the start to the end of the cleaning process, respectively; And said control means is configured to alternately repeat said membrane separation process of carrying out the time set by said setting means and said washing process of carrying out the time set by said setting means. The method according to claim 1, The supply means is provided between a supply pipe to which one end is connected to the membrane separation means, and the raw water is supplied from the other end, and one end and the other end of the supply pipe, and the raw water supplied from the other end. It consists of a feed pump to pressurize and supply to the membrane separation means, The reverse osmosis apparatus simultaneously opens and closes the pipeline of the water supply pipe and the pipeline between the other end side of the supply pipe and the supply pump, and when the pipeline of the water supply pipe is opened, the pipeline of the supply pipe also opens. And a supply means for detecting the water pressure between the other end and the supply pump in the supply pipe, when the supply pipe is closed. The control means is set in advance as the water pressure detected by the detection means and the water pressure between the other end side and the supply pump in the supply pipe when operating the supply pump, and the water supply valve is opened. Controlling the operation of the supply pump based on a reference value lower than the water pressure between the other end side and the supply pump in the supply pipe of the supply pipe, and when the detected water pressure rises to the reference value, the supply pump is operated to operate the membrane separation means. And supplying the raw water to the water and stopping the operation of the feed pump when the detected water pressure falls below the reference value. The method according to claim 1, And a means for detecting a water pressure in the water supply pipe and a water supply valve provided in the water supply pipe, The control means is set in advance as the water pressure detected by the detection means and the water pressure in the water supply pipe when the supply means is stopped, and based on a reference value higher than the water pressure in the water supply pipe when the water supply valve is open. When the operation of the supply means is controlled and the detection water pressure falls below the reference value, the supply means is operated to supply the raw water to the membrane separation means, and when the detection water pressure rises to the reference value, A reverse osmosis device, characterized in that it is configured to stop operation.

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