KR20070083163A - Producing method of korean hot pepper paste using deep sea water - Google Patents
Producing method of korean hot pepper paste using deep sea water Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20070083163A KR20070083163A KR1020060084798A KR20060084798A KR20070083163A KR 20070083163 A KR20070083163 A KR 20070083163A KR 1020060084798 A KR1020060084798 A KR 1020060084798A KR 20060084798 A KR20060084798 A KR 20060084798A KR 20070083163 A KR20070083163 A KR 20070083163A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- glutinous rice
- days
- sea water
- deep sea
- weight
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 고추장을 제조하는 공정도1 is a process chart for preparing gochujang
본 발명은 고추장을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 수심 200m 이하의 해양 심층수에 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 침적(沈積)하여 미네랄성분이 침투한 콩과 멥쌀은 증자(蒸煮)하여 국균(麴菌)을 접종하여 메주를 만들고, 해양 심층수에 침적하여 미네랄성분이 침투(浸透)한 찹쌀은 마쇄(磨碎) 후 증자한 것에 엿기름물을 주입하여 당화(糖化)한 다음, 메줏가루, 고춧가루, 간장(또는 소금), 물(여과된 해양 심층수)을 가하여 혼합한 것에 납두균(納豆菌)을 접종하고, 발효·숙성하여 고추장을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing red pepper paste, and more specifically, soybeans, non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice in deep sea water of 200 m or less in depth (沈積) and soybeans and non-glutinous rice infiltrated with minerals to increase the bacteria (균) Ginseng is inoculated to make meju, and the glutinous rice infiltrated with deep seawater is infiltrated with minerals, and it is saccharified by injecting malt into the increased steam after grinding. , Soy sauce (or salt), water (filtered deep seawater) is added to the mixture of inoculated with the Bacillus Bacillus (발효), fermented, matured to produce a kochujang.
고추장은 예로부터 각 가정에서 재래식으로 된장 ·간장과 함께 담가 왔으며, 고추장의 원료로는 녹말가루(찹쌀가루, 멥쌀가루. 보릿가루, 밀가루 등)와 대두국(大豆麴; 메줏가루), 소금, 고춧가루, 물 등을 사용하여 발효시킨 발효식품으로, 고추장에 대한 최초 기록은 조선 중기의 증보산림경제(增補山林經濟, 1766년) 에 기록되어 있으며, 역사적으로 고추장이 우리나라에서 식용되기 시작한 것은 16세기 말이나 17세기 초인 것으로 추정된다. Kochujang has been soaked with traditional miso and soy sauce at home since ancient times. The raw materials of kochujang are starch powder (glutinous rice flour, non-glutinous rice, barley flour, flour, etc.), soybean soup, salt, It is a fermented food fermented with red pepper powder and water, and the first record of red pepper paste was recorded in Jeungbo Forest Economy (增補 山林 經濟, 1766) in the middle of Joseon Dynasty. Historically, red pepper paste began to be edible in Korea in the 16th century. Presumably late in the 17th century.
고추장은 녹말이 가수분해되어 생성된 당의 단맛, 메주콩의 가수분해로 생성된 아미노산의 구수한 맛, 고춧가루의 매운맛, 소금의 짠맛이 잘 조화되어 고추장 특유의 맛을 내는데, 이들 재료의 혼합비율과 숙성과정의 조건에 따라 맛이 달라지며, 재래식 메줏가루를 사용하였을 때는 당화(糖化) 또는 단백질 가수분해가 잘 이루어지지 않아서 맛이 잘 조화되지 않은 문제점이 있다.Kochujang combines the sweet taste of sugar produced by hydrolysis of starch, the sweet taste of amino acids produced by hydrolysis of soybeans, the spicy taste of red pepper powder, and the salty taste of salt. The taste varies depending on the condition, when using conventional mew flour, glycosylation () 化) or protein hydrolysis is not made well, there is a problem that the taste is not well harmonized.
대한민국 특허 공개번호제 10-2003-0095416호의 경우 분쇄한 곡물(쌀, 보리, 밀)과 물엿과 고춧가루, 메줏가루를 해양 심층수로부터 유래한 소금과 함께 물로 반죽하여 보관용기에 넣고 위에 소금을 뿌려 일정시간 숙성, 발효하여 고추장을 만드는 방법이 제시되어 있으나, 해양 심층수에서 생산된 소금의 경우는, 소금생산과정에서 칼슘성분이 배제되어 미네랄밸런스가 적합하지 않으면서 종래의 당화와 단백질 가수분해가 잘 이루어지지 않은 문제점을 해결하지 못하였다.In case of Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2003-0095416, crushed grains (rice, barley, wheat), starch syrup, red pepper powder, and buckwheat flour are kneaded with water, together with salt derived from deep sea water, placed in a storage container and sprinkled with salt. Although the method of making red pepper paste by fermenting time and fermentation is suggested, salt produced in deep sea water is excluded from calcium in salt production process, so that mineral balance is not suitable and conventional saccharification and protein hydrolysis are well done. It did not solve the problem.
해양 심층수(海洋深層水)는 통상 200m이하의 해수(海水)를 해양 심층수라고 부르며, 표층해수(表層海水)와는 달리 햇빛이 닿지 않아 플랑크톤(Plankton) 및 생명체가 증식하지 못하기 때문에 영양염류(營養鹽類)의 농도가 높으면서 수온에 따른 밀도차이(密度差異)로 표층해수와 혼합되지 않아 표층해수에 존재하는 오염물질(汚染物質)이 없으며, 표층해수와 비교하였을 때 저온안정성(低溫安定性), 오염물질, 유해세균(有害細菌)이나 유기물이 매우 적은 청정성(淸淨性), 식물의 생장(生長)에 매우 중요한 무기영양염류(無機營養鹽類)가 풍부한 부영양성(富榮養性)과 다양한 미네랄성분이 균형있게 존재하는 미네랄밸런스(Mineral balance) 특성과 고압 저온상태에서 긴 세월동안 물 분자의 집단(Cluster)이 소집단화(小集團化)되어 표면장력(表面張力)이 적어 침투성(浸透性)이 좋은 물로 숙성된 숙성성(熟成性) 등의 특성(特性)이 있으며, 구체적인 내용은 표1의 내용과 같다.Deep sea water is generally called sea deep water of less than 200m, and unlike the surface sea water, nutrients (Plankton and life) do not grow because sunlight does not reach. 농도) There is no contaminant present in surface seawater because it is not mixed with surface seawater due to high density and density difference according to water temperature, and it is stable at low temperature compared with surface seawater. Cleanliness with very few pollutants, harmful bacteria or organic matter, rich in nutrients, inorganic nutrients that are very important for plant growth, Mineral balance characteristics that various minerals are in balance and clusters of water molecules are small grouped for a long time under high pressure and low temperature, so the surface tension is small and infiltrate There are characteristics such as ripening matured with good water, and the details are shown in Table 1.
표1 해양 심층수의 특성 Table 1 Characteristics of deep sea water
본 발명은, 해양 심층수에는 동·식물 및 미생물의 생육(生育)에 필요한 칼슘(Ca), 마그네슘(Mg), 철(Fe), 아연(Zn)과 같은 다종다양(多種多樣)한 미네랄성분이 함유되어 있으며, 특히 햇빛이 닿지 않으면서 저온으로 생물이 살지 않아 질산염, 인산염, 규산염과 같은 영양염류(營養鹽類)의 농도가 높으면서, 장기간 저온·고압상태에서 물 분자 집단(集團; Cluster)의 수소결합(水素結合)이 부분적으로 절단(切斷) 되어 소집단화(小集團化)되어 핵자기공명(核磁氣共鳴; Nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR) 17O-NMR 반치폭(半値幅)의 값(㎐)이 적은 소집단수(小集團水; Microclustered water)로 숙성(熟成) 되어 표면장력(表面張力)이 적으면서 침투성(浸透性)이 우수한 등의 특성이 있어 발효공정에서 발효미생물이 활발한 대사활동을 함으로써 발효효율을 향상토록 한다. In the present invention, the deep ocean water contains various mineral components such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn), which are necessary for the growth of animals, plants, and microorganisms. It has a high concentration of nutrients such as nitrates, phosphates, and silicates, especially when the organisms do not live at low temperatures without being exposed to sunlight. Hydrogen bonds are partially cleaved and subpopulated to form nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 17 O-NMR half-width The fermentation microorganism is active in fermentation process because it is matured with small number of microclustered water and has low surface tension and excellent permeability. Thereby improving fermentation efficiency.
표2 해양 심층수와 표층해수의 성분 분석 치 Table 2 Depth analysis of deep sea and surface seawater
해양 심층수의 이용 역사는 짧고, 지금까지 수산 분야를 시작으로 식품분야와 의료, 건강산업, 음료수, 화장품 등의 비 수산 분야에 있어도, 다양한 연구를 하고 있으며, 해양 심층수는 다음과 같은 특성이 있다.The history of deep ocean water use is short, and various researches have been conducted in the non-aquatic fields such as food, medical, health industry, beverages, and cosmetics, starting with the fishery field, and the deep sea water has the following characteristics.
1. 저온 안전성(低溫 安全性)1. Low temperature safety
표층해수의 수온은 계절에 의해서 큰 폭으로 변동하는 데 대해, 해양 심층수는 계절에 따라서 수온의 변화가 없으면서 저온으로 안정되어 있다.While the surface temperature of surface seawater fluctuates greatly with the seasons, deep ocean waters are stable at low temperatures without changing the water temperature with the seasons.
특히 한국 동해의 해양 심층수는 오호츠크해(Sea of Okhotsk)의 유빙(流氷)이 녹은 찬 해수가 밀도차로 침강(沈降)하여 사할린섬(Ostrov Sakhalin)과 홋카이도(北海道) 사이의 블라디보스토크(Vladivostok) 앞바다로 유입된 심층수로 일본열도가 가로 막혀 흐름이 느려 300m이하에서는 연간을 통해서 수온이 1∼2℃로 하와이나 일본 태평양 연안의 코우치현(高知縣)의 무로토(室戶) 앞바다의 해양 심층수 등에 비해서는 8∼11℃ 정도 낮은 특성이 있다. In particular, deep sea waters in the East Sea of Korea settled by dense differences in cold seawater that melted the drift ice in the Sea of Okhotsk, off the Vladivostok between Ostrov Sakhalin and Hokkaido. As the deep water flowed in and blocked the Japanese archipelago, the flow was slow. At 300m or less, the water temperature was 1 ~ 2 ℃ throughout the year, compared to the deep ocean waters off Muroto in Kouchi Prefecture on the Hawaiian and Japanese Pacific coasts. It has the characteristic of being about 8-11 degreeC low.
1968년, 미국 해군 잠수정 알루민(Armin)호가 침몰(沈沒)되어 약 1년 반 후, 끌어 올려진 알루민호 안에는 샌드위치가 전혀 열화(劣化) 되지 않고, 원상태로 남아 있었으며, 그리고 계란은 고압에 의한 염분 및 미네랄성분이 침투하여 단백질 변화와 탄력에 변화는 있었으나 전혀 열화 되지 않은 상태로 존재하면서 미네랄성분이 침투되어 맛을 향상토록 하였다.통상 심해와 같은 온도의 냉장고에 샌드위치를 1주일간만 넣어 보관하여도 밴패(變敗)되어 버리지만 해양 심층수에서는 저온·고압의 상태에서 미생물의 증식이 억제되었기 때문에 이들 식품은 전혀 열화 되지 않고 보존될 수 있었다. In 1968, about a year and a half after the U.S. Navy submerged Armin sank, sandwiches were left intact in the pulled-up Alumin, and the eggs remained under high pressure. Although salt and minerals penetrated, there were changes in protein and elasticity, but they remained intact and minerals penetrated to improve taste.In general, sandwiches were kept in the refrigerator at the same temperature as the deep sea for one week. Although they are banned, these foods can be preserved without any deterioration in the deep sea water because the growth of microorganisms is suppressed at low temperature and high pressure.
2. 청정성(淸淨性)2. Cleanliness
심층에 있으므로 육상의 하천수, 대기로부터의 오염을 받기 어렵고, 화학물 질, 오염물질과 세균수가 적다.Because it is deep, it is difficult to receive pollution from river water and air on land, and there are few chemicals, pollutants and bacteria.
① 물리적 청정성① physical cleanliness
물리적 청정성은, 해양 심층수에는 표층해수에 비해서 부유물질(浮游物質; Suspended solids)이 함량이 적으면서 청정한 상태로 존재한다.Physical cleanliness is present in the deep ocean water in a clean state with less suspended solids than surface waters.
② 생물학적 청정성② biological cleanliness
해수의 취수에서 제일문제가 되는 것은 부착생물의 번식인데, 일반적으로, 표층해수의 취수장치에서는 취수관(取水管) 내에 부착성(附着性) 생물이 번식하여 관의 저항이 높아지면서 취수가 어려운 경우가 많은데, 해양 심층수는 플랑크톤, (병원성)미생물, 클로렐라 등의 총 생균 수는 표층수의 10분의 1에서 100분의 1로 적은 특성이 있어, 관의 저항으로 인한 취수에 어려움은 없다.The biggest problem in the intake of seawater is the propagation of adherent organisms. In general, in surface seawater intake systems, adherent organisms grow in the intake pipes, which increases the resistance of the pipes, making them difficult to collect. In many cases, the deep ocean water is characterized by a small number of living organisms, such as plankton, (pathogenic) microorganisms, chlorella, etc., from one tenth to one hundredth of the surface water, so there is no difficulty in taking water due to the resistance of the pipe.
③ 화학적 청정성③ chemical cleanliness
해양 심층수는 오염된 표층해수와 혼합이 일어나지 않기 때문에 다이옥신이나 PCB, 유기 염소화합물, 유기주석 등 이른바 환경오염물질에 오염되어 있지 않은 특성이 있다.Since deep seawater does not mix with contaminated surface waters, it is not contaminated with so-called environmental pollutants such as dioxins, PCBs, organic chlorine compounds, and organic tin.
3. 부영양성(富榮養性)3. eutrophicity
해양 심층수는 표층해수에 비해서 바다생물의 근원이 되는 식물플랑크톤(주로, 엽록소를 가지는 미소의 단세포 식물인 규조류)의 영양원이 되는 질소, 인, 규산 등이 표층해수의 약 5∼10배의 무기영양염류가 풍부하게 포함되어 있는 특성이 있다. The deep ocean water contains about 5 to 10 times more inorganic nutrients than nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicic acid, which are the nutrient sources of phytoplankton (mainly diatoms, microscopic single-celled plants with chlorophyll), which are the source of sea life compared to surface seawater. There is a characteristic that abundant salt is contained.
수심 150m 이하에서는 햇빛의 투과량이 1% 이하로, 더 이상의 깊이에서는 식 물성 플랑크톤은 광합성을 할 수 없기 때문에, 식물성 플랑크톤에 의해서 영양소는 소비되지 않으면서 아래의 깊은 층으로 가라앉아 축적되어 무기영양염의 농도가 높다. Since the sunlight transmittance is less than 1% at depths of 150 m or less, and phytoplankton can not photosynthesize at further depths, phytoplankton sinks and accumulates in the lower layers without nutrients being consumed. High concentration
4. 미네랄의 특성4. Characteristics of minerals
해수는 70종류를 넘는 원소를 포함하고 있으며, 해양 심층수도 이와 같이 다종다양(多種多樣)한 원소를 포함하고 있는 특성이 있다. Sea water contains more than 70 kinds of elements, and deep sea water has such a characteristic that it contains such a variety of elements.
동·식물의 생육에 필요한 주요원소가 많으면서 필요하기는 하지만 다량으로 섭취하면 해가 되는 필수 미량원소인 동, 아연과 같이 사람의 건강에 깊은 관계가 있는 것은 극히 소량 포함되어 있음으로써 미네랄밸런스가 좋은 특성이 있다.Although there are many major elements necessary for the growth of animals and plants, they are necessary, but mineral traces are very small because they contain extremely small amounts of deeply related to human health, such as copper and zinc, which are essential trace elements that are harmful when ingested in large quantities. There is a good character.
5. 숙성성(熟成性)5. Aging
해양 심층수는 표층해수에 비해 pH가 7.8 전후로 낮으면서 표층해수로부터 분리되어 저온·고압 하에서 긴 세월동안 핵자기공명 17O-NMR 반치폭(半値幅)의 값이 70∼80㎐ 범위로, 물 분자는 7∼8개의 집단으로 소집단화되어 있다. The deep sea water is separated from the superficial seawater with a pH of about 7.8 lower than that of the superficial seawater, and the nuclear magnetic resonance 17 O-NMR half-width is in the range of 70-80㎐ for a long time under low temperature and high pressure. It is subgrouped into seven to eight groups.
물 분자의 집단(集團)의 수(數)는 핵자기공명(核磁氣共鳴; Nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR) 17O-NMR 반치폭의 값(㎐)을 측정하여 간접적으로 측정하는데, 일반적으로 하천수나 수돗물의 경우는, 핵자기공명 17O-NMR 반치폭은 130∼150㎐인 반면에 해양 심층수의 경우는 핵자기공명 17O-NMR 반치폭이 70∼80㎐로 소집단화되어 있다.The number of molecules of water is measured indirectly by measuring the value of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 17 O-NMR half-width, which is generally river water or tap water. In the case of, the nuclear magnetic resonance 17 O-NMR half-value width is 130 to 150 Hz, while in the case of deep ocean water, the nuclear magnetic resonance 17 O-NMR half-width is 70 to 80 Hz.
물의 핵자기공명 17O-NMR 반치폭 값(㎐)의 1/10이 물 분자의 집단수로 알려져 있으며, 하천수나 수돗물과 같이 핵자기공명 17O-NMR 반치폭의 값이 130∼150㎐인 물은 13∼15개의 물 분자가 수소결합(水素結合)에 의해서 집단(Cluster)으로 되어 있으며, 이와 같이 집단이 큰물을 결합수(Bound water)라 하며, 반면에 핵자기공명 17O-NMR 반치폭의 값이 적은 물 분자의 집단이 적은 물은 소집단수(小集團水; Microclustered water)라 한다.And a tenth of the water nuclear magnetic resonance 17 O-NMR half-width value (㎐) known by the number of groups of water molecules, such as river water or tap water nuclear magnetic resonance 17 O-NMR half-width value of the water is of 130~150㎐ Thirteen to fifteen water molecules are clustered by hydrogen bonds. The larger water in this group is called bound water, whereas the value of nuclear magnetic resonance 17 O-NMR half-width Water with a small population of small water molecules is called microclustered water.
그리고 해양 심층수에 함유된 미네랄성분으로 인한 금속 맛을 마스킹(Masking)하여 맛을 향상하면서 장기간 보존하였을 때 변질 및 변성이 되지 않은 효과가 있는 비환원성이당류(非還元性二糖類; Nonreducing disaccharide)인 자당(蔗糖; Sucrose)이나 트레할로스(Trehalose), 비환원성당 알코올(Nonreducing sugar alcohol)인 말티톨(Maltitol), 자일리톨(Xylitol), 솔비톨(Sorbitol), 에리쓰리톨(Erythitol), 락티톨(Lactitol), 만니톨(Mannitol)과 같은 첨가제(添加劑) 중에서 한 종류 또는 2종류 이상을 혼합한 첨가제를 사용하면 고추장의 맛을 향상할 수 있다.Sucrose, a nonreducing disaccharide, is a non-reducing disaccharide that does not deteriorate or denature when preserved for a long period of time while masking the taste of metals due to minerals contained in deep sea water. (蔗糖; Sucrose, Trehalose, Nonreducing Sugar Alcohol Maltitol, Xylitol, Sorbitol, Erythitol, Lactitol, Mannitol Additives such as (Mannitol), one or two or more of the additives can be used to improve the taste of kochujang.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해소하기 위해 해양 심층수에 함유되어 있는 다종다양한 미네랄성분과 영양염류를 고추장의 원료인 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 200m 이하의 해양 심층수에 침적하여 미네랄성분과 영양염류를 침투토록 하여 메주 및 고추장의 발효과정에 발효미생물의 대사활동을 활발하게 하여 발효·숙성한 고추장 을 제조하는 방법을 제공하는 데 본 발명의 목적이 있는 것이다.In order to solve the above problems, various kinds of minerals and nutrients contained in deep seawater are soaked in soybean, non-glutinous and glutinous rice which are raw materials of kochujang in deep seawater of 200m or less to infiltrate minerals and nutrients. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing fermented and matured kochujang by activating the metabolic activity of fermented microorganisms during the fermentation process of meju and kochujang.
이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 고추장의 원료인 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 수신 200m 이하의 해양 심층수에 침적하는 단계, 메주를 제조하는 단계, 고추장을 제조하는 단계로 이루어진 것에 특징이 있다.The present invention for achieving the above object is characterized by consisting of the steps of soaking the soybeans, non-glutinous and glutinous rice raw material of kochujang in deep sea water of 200m or less, manufacturing meju, preparing kochujang.
본 발명에서 용수로 사용하는 해양 심층수는 수심 200m이하의 해저심층에서 취수를 하며, 취수방법은 선상(船上)에서 해저 200m이하에 배관을 내려 취수하던가, 해저 수심 200m이하까지 배관을 설치하여 펌프(Pump)로 취수하던가, 해저 수심 200m 이하까지 배관을 설치하여 취수정을 해수면 이하로 설치하여 사이펀(siphon) 원리에 의해서 취수를 한다.Deep sea water used as water in the present invention is taken in the deep seabed of 200m or less depth, the intake method is to take down the pipe 200m or less from the bottom of the ship, or to install the pipe to the seabed depth 200m or less pump (Pump) ), Or install a pipe up to the sea depth of 200m or less, and install the intake well below the sea level and take it in accordance with the siphon principle.
집수조에 취수된 해양 심층수는 모래여과(Sand filter)나 정밀여과(Micro filter)를 단독 또는 2가지를 조합한 여과를 하여 부유고형물질(SS; Suspended solid)을 제거한다.Deep sea water collected in the sump is filtered through sand or micro filtration alone or a combination of both to remove suspended solids (SS).
이때 여과압력은 운전조건에 따른 여과기의 압력손실과 배관의 압력손실을 고려하여 결정하며, 모래여과의 여과속도는 6∼10m/시간으로 하고, 여과사(濾過砂)의 유효경(有效徑)은 0.3∼0.45㎜, 균등계수(均等係數)는 2.0 이하로 하며, 여층(濾層)의 두께는 0.5∼1.0m로 한다.At this time, the filtration pressure is determined in consideration of the pressure loss of the filter and the pressure loss of the pipe according to the operating conditions.The filtration speed of sand filtration is 6-10 m / hour, and the effective diameter of the filter sand is 0.3-0.45 mm, the uniformity coefficient shall be 2.0 or less, and the thickness of the filtrate layer shall be 0.5-1.0 m.
이때 취수된 해양 심층수의 탁도(濁度)가 2㎎/ℓ이하인 경우는 여과공정은 생략하고, 취수된 해양 심층수를 그대로 사용한다.At this time, when the turbidity of the deep sea water taken is 2 mg / l or less, the filtration step is omitted, and the deep sea water taken out is used as it is.
이하 첨부된 도면에 의해 고추장을 제조하는 방법을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing red pepper paste according to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail.
그리고 본 발명의 고추장제조에서 원료의 혼합량을 나타내는 "부"는 중량부를 나타낸다.In addition, "part" which shows the mixing amount of a raw material in the hot pepper paste manufacturing of this invention shows a weight part.
Ⅰ. 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 수신 200m 이하의 해양 심층수에 침적하는 단계I. Sedimenting soybean, non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice in deep sea water of less than 200m
고추장의 원료인 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 이물질(돌, 모래 등)의 제거와 부착된 이물질을 잘 세척한 것을 수심 200m 이하의 해양 심층수에 1∼10일간 담가 해양 심층수에 함유된 각종미네랄 성분이 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀의 내부에 침투(浸透)되도록 충분히 불린다.Soybeans, non-glutinous rice, and glutinous rice, which are the raw materials of gochujang, are removed from foreign substances (stones, sand, etc.) and the attached foreign substances are soaked in deep seawater of 200m or less for 1 to 10 days. It is called enough to penetrate inside of non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice.
표2에서 보는 봐와 같이 수심 200m 이하의 해양 심층수는 지역에 따라서 약간의 차이는 있으나 5℃ 이하의 저온으로 햇빛이 닿지 않아 미생물 및 해양생물이 서식하지 않은 청정성이 있으며, 또한, 표층해수에 비해서 모든 생물(미생물 포함)의 생육에 필요한 영양염류의 함량이 높으면서 다종다양한 미네랄성분이 함유되어 있는 특성이 있다.As shown in Table 2, deep sea water of 200m or less has a slight difference depending on the region, but there is cleanness in which microorganisms and marine organisms are not inhabited due to the low temperature of 5 ° C or less, and it is also clean compared to surface seawater. It has a high content of nutrients necessary for the growth of all organisms (including microorganisms) and contains various minerals.
메주발효와 고추장발효에서 주요역할을 하는 발효미생물은 황국균(黃麴菌; Aspergillus orizae)나 납두균(納豆菌; Bacillus subtilis natto)와 같은 발효미생물은 세포막(Cell membrane), 세포질(Cytoplasm)이나 세포핵(Cell nucleus) 중에 미네랄함량이 높은 특징이 있으며, 이들 미생물은 미네랄 성분이 충분히 공급되었을 때 활발한 대사활동(代謝活動)을 하면서 상호길항관계(相互拮抗關係)에 있는 유해미생물의 생육을 억제하게 된다. Fermentative microorganisms that play a major role in meju fermentation and kochujang fermentation are fermented microorganisms such as Aspergillus orizae and Bacillus subtilis natto. Cell nucleus is characterized by high mineral content, and these microorganisms are active metabolic activity (代謝 活動) when sufficient mineral components are supplied to inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms in mutual antagonistic relationship (相互 拮抗 關係).
수중에서 상술한 유용미생물을 충분한 미네랄을 공급하면서 배양하는 방법을 BMW 시스템(Bacteria-Mineral-Water System)이라고도 한다.The method of culturing the above-mentioned useful microorganisms in water while supplying sufficient minerals is also called BMW system (Bacteria-Mineral-Water System).
해양 심층수에 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 침적(沈積)하면, 고압에 의해서 해양 심층수에 함유되어 있는 영양염류 및 각종미네랄성분이 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀의 내부로 침투하여 발효공정에서 발효미생물에 미네랄 및 영양염류를 충분히 공급함으로써 이들 미생물은 활발한 대사활동을 하도록 하여 발효를 하면 유해한 곰팡이(미생물)의 생육을 억제하게 되어 양질의 발효식품을 만들 수 있게 된다.When soybean, non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice are deposited in deep sea water, the nutrients and various minerals contained in deep sea water are penetrated into the inside of soybean, non-rice and glutinous rice by high pressure. By supplying enough salts, these microorganisms can be actively metabolized to inhibit fermentation of harmful fungi (microorganisms), thereby making high-quality fermented foods.
그리고 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 수심 200m 이하의 해양 심층수에 침적(沈積)하여 해양 심층수에 함유된 영양염류와 각종미네랄성분을 침투하는 작업은, 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 선박으로 운송하여 수심 200m 이하로 주입한 다음, 1∼10일 후 다시 메주콩을 인양하여야 하는 번거로움이 있기 때문에, 취수된 해양 심층수와 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀을 압력용기에 주입하고, 20∼100기압의 압력을 걸어 1∼10일간 콩, 멥쌀과 찹쌀에 해양 심층수에 함유된 영양염류와 미네랄성분을 침투토록 하여도 된다.And soaking soybeans, non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice in deep sea water of 200m or less and penetrating nutrients and various minerals contained in deep sea water, transporting soybeans, non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice by ship to 200m or less After injecting, it is a hassle to lift the soybeans again after 1-10 days. Inject the deep sea water, soybean, non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice into the pressure vessel, and pressurize at 20-100 atm for 1-10 days. Soybeans, non-glutinous rice and glutinous rice may infiltrate nutrients and minerals found in deep sea water.
Ⅱ. 메주를 제조하는 단계II. Steps to prepare meju
1. 종균의 배양1. Cultivation of spawn
① 균주공급업체로부터 국균(麴菌;Aspergillus oryzae)과 유산발효균(Pediococcus halophilus)의 균제(菌劑)를 구입하여 냉장고에 넣어 보존하면서 1개월 이내에 사용한다.① Buy bacteria from Aspergillus oryzae and Lactobacillus fermentation (Pediococcus halophilus) from the strain supplier and store them in the refrigerator for use within 1 month.
② 종균배양에 필요한 플라스크, 마개, 배양지와 같은 용기는 상압(常壓)의 증기로 30∼60분간 가열하는 상압 살균법이나, 오토클레이브(Autoclave)로 압력 1 ㎏/㎠G, 온도 120∼130℃에서 15분간 가열하는 가압살균법에 의해서 살균처리 한다.② Containers such as flasks, stoppers, and culture papers necessary for spawn culture are subjected to atmospheric sterilization by heating at atmospheric pressure for 30 to 60 minutes, or by autoclave pressure 1 kg / ㎠G, temperature 120 to 130 Sterilize by autoclaving, heating at 15 ℃ for 15 minutes.
③ 배양액의 준비③ Preparation of culture solution
포도당 1.0wt%, 효모 진액 1.0wt%, 폴리펩톤(Polypeptone) 0.1wt%, KH2PO4 0.5wt%, 된장추출액 2∼3wt%의 배양액에 식염을 10wt%가 되게 가한 다음, 가성소다(NaOH)로 pH를 6.5∼7.5 범위로 조정한다.To the culture solution of glucose 1.0wt%, yeast extract 1.0wt%, polypeptone 0.1wt%, KH 2 PO 4 0.5wt%, soybean extract 2-3wt% to 10wt%, caustic soda (NaOH ) To adjust the pH in the range of 6.5 to 7.5.
된장 추출액(방부제를 첨가하지 않은 것)은 된장 200 부에 물을 500부 더하고, 50∼60℃에서, 2∼3시간 동안 된장의 수용성 성분을 추출하여, 충분한 칼륨(K)이 공급되도록 식물을 태운 재를 충전(充塡)한 여층(濾層)을 여과한 다음, 이에 포도당 10부와 물을 염 농도가 10%가 되게 조정하여 된장추출액을 얻는다.Doenjang extract (without preservatives) is added to 200 parts of doenjang and 500 parts of water. After filtering the filtrate filled with burnt ash, 10 parts of glucose and water were adjusted to have a salt concentration of 10% to obtain a doenjang extract.
④ 균주의 확대 배양(擴大培養)④ Expanded cultivation of strains
시험관 내의 균주를 사용에 앞서 확대 배양할 필요가 있으며, 확대 배양은 시험관 내의 균주를 살균 처리된 금속 봉이나 그라스(Glass) 봉에 종균을 취해서 1차 시험관의 한천배지(寒天培地)에서 천자배양(穿刺培養)을 한 다음, 2차 200∼500ml의 플라스크(Flask)에 상술한 ③항의 배양액을 주입하고 30℃에서 2∼3일간 배양을 한 다음, 3차 필요한 양만큼의 배양조(培養槽)에서 ③항의 배양액을 주입하고 3∼4일간 중화처리를 하면서 확대 배양하여 배양액을 만들어 냉장고에서 보관하였다가 사용하며, 냉장고에 넣어 보존하면 1주간 정도는 괜찮다.Strains in vitro need to be expanded and cultured prior to use. In vitro growth, strains are placed in sterilized metal rods or glass rods and cultured in agar medium in primary tubes. Iii), inject the above-mentioned culture solution into the second 200-500 ml flask (Flask), incubate at 30 ° C. for 2 to 3 days, and then incubate the required amount of the third culture tank. Inject the culture solution of ③ in 3 to 4 days neutralization treatment while expanding the culture to make a culture solution stored in the refrigerator to use, and stored in the refrigerator for about a week is fine.
2. 해양 심층수에 침적하여 침지(浸漬)한 콩 1부에 멥쌀 0.6∼1.0부를 혼합하여 마쇄(磨碎)한 다음, 가마 솥이나 시루에서 80∼90분간 증자(蒸煮)한다.2. Mix 0.6-1.0 parts of non-glutinous rice with 1 part of soybeans soaked in deep sea water and grind them, and then steam them in a cauldron or shiru for 80-90 minutes.
3. 증자한 콩과 멥쌀이 30∼40℃로 냉각되었을 때 1항에서 배양된 균주를 균주의 농도가 2×108 마리/㎖ 이상이 되게 혼합하는데, 콩과 멥쌀의 전체 량에 0.5∼0.6wt% 범위로 혼합하면 무난하며, 배양 균주를 혼합하고는 균일하게 혼합되도록 잘 썩는다.3. When the increased soybean and non-glutinous rice is cooled to 30-40 ℃, the strain cultured in paragraph 1 is mixed so that the concentration of strain is 2 × 10 8 / ml or more, and 0.5 ~ 0.6 to the total amount of soybean and non-glutinous rice. Mixing in the wt% range is OK and mixes the culture strain and rots well to mix uniformly.
4. 균제를 혼합한 다음, 둥글둥글하게 만들어 짚으로 싸서 음지(약간 습지)에 걸어 대기 중에서 25∼35일간 발효한 다음, 3∼4일간 대기에서 완전히 건조한 것을 마쇄(磨碎)한 다음, 3∼4㎜의 채로 친 메줏가루는 또다시 3∼4일간 말린다. 4. After mixing the fungicide, make it round, wrap it with straw, fertilize it in the shade (slightly wetland) for 25 to 35 days in the air, and then grind it completely dried in the air for 3 to 4 days, and then Methanol powder beaten with -4 mm is dried again for 3 to 4 days.
5. 건조된 메줏가루는 건조한 곳에 보관해 두었다가, 고추장을 담글 때는 사용한다.5. Store dried mechin powder in a dry place and use it to soak red pepper paste.
그리고 상술한 1항의 배양 균주를 3항에서 접종을 생략하고, 자연상태의 균이 접종되어 발효된 메주를 사용할 수도 있다.In addition, the culture strain of paragraph 1 above may be omitted from paragraph 3, and the meju inoculated and fermented with the bacteria in the natural state may be used.
[실시 예1]Example 1
울릉도 도동 앞바다 수심 250m 해양 심층수에 대두 20㎏와 멥쌀 20㎏을 70시간 동안 침지한 대두는 가마 솥에서 80∼90분간 증자하고, 멥쌀도 시루에 처서 지에밥을 만들어 둘을 혼합하여 35℃로 식힌 다음, 국균(麴菌;Aspergillus oryzae)과 내염성 유산발효균(Pediococcus halophilus)의 배양액을 0.6wt%를 주입하여 혼합 것을 야구공크기로 둥글둥글하게 만들어 짚으로 싸서 음지에 걸어 대기 중에서 30 일간 발효한 다음, 4일간 대기 중에서 건조한 것을 마쇄하여 3㎜의 채로 친 가루를 다시 4일간 말려서 38㎏의 가루 메주를 만들었다.Soybeans soaked in 20 kg of soybean and 20kg of soybeans for 70 hours in the deep sea water of 250m deep in Ulleungdo Island, steamed for 80 to 90 minutes in a cauldron. Inoculate 0.6wt% of the cultures of Aspergillus oryzae and Pediococcus halophilus, round the mixture to a baseball size, wrap it with straw and ferment for 30 days in the air. The dried powder was crushed in air for 4 days, and the dried powder was dried for 4 days with 3 mm to make 38 kg of powdered meju.
Ⅲ. 고추장을 제조하는 단계III. Steps to prepare gochujang
본 발명의 고추장제조에서 각 재료의 혼합비는 고춧가루 100부를 기준으로 혼합하는 양을 기준으로 나타낸다. In the preparation of red pepper paste of the present invention, the mixing ratio of each material is expressed based on the amount of red pepper powder mixed based on 100 parts.
1. 해양 심층수에 침적하여 침지(沈漬)한 찹쌀 82∼90부를 채반이나 스크린(Screen) 망 등에서 수분을 제거 후 마쇄기(Grinding machine)로 마쇄(磨碎)한 다음, 메줏가루 22∼30부와 함께 섞어 혼합기(Two-roller mixing mill)로 혼합한다.1. Remove 82 ~ 90 parts of glutinous rice immersed in deep sea water and crush it with grinding machine after removing moisture from crushed rice or screen net, and then grind powder 22 ~ 30 Mix with part and mix with two-roller mixing mill.
2. 엿기름은 전체 고추장량의 4.5∼5.5wt%정 범위로 물에 침지(浸漬) 한다. 2. Malt is immersed in water in 4.5 ~ 5.5wt% of total red pepper paste.
3. 마쇄된 찹쌀을 엿기름물에 넣고, 엿기름물에 있는 아밀라아제(Amylase)가 작용하는 온도 58∼62℃로 가열하면서 80∼100분간 맥아(麥芽; Malt)의 효소작용(酵素作用)으로 녹말성분(Starch component)을 당화(Saccharification) 시킨다.3. Put crushed glutinous rice into malt, and starch by malt enzymatic action for 80 to 100 minutes while heating to 58 ~ 62 ℃ where amylase acts on malt. Saccharification of the starch component.
4. 혼합액을 식힌 후, 고춧가루 100부, 여과된 해양 심층수 90∼110부(전체를 혼합한 고추장의 함수율이 48∼55wt% 범위가 되게 주입한다.), 비환원성이당류(非還元性二糖類; Nonreducing disaccharide)인 자당(蔗糖; Sucrose)이나 트레할로스(Trehalose), 비환원성당 알코올(Nonreducing sugar alcohol)인 말티톨(Maltitol), 자일리톨(Xylitol), 솔비톨(Sorbitol), 에리쓰리톨(Erythitol), 락티톨(Lactitol), 만니톨(Mannitol)과 같은 첨가제(添加劑) 중에서 한 종류 또는 2 종류 이상을 혼합한 것을 해양 심층수 혼합량을 기준으로 0.1∼4wt% 비율로 공급하고, 간장 42∼45부와 소금은 전체를 혼합한 고추장의 염(NaCl)농도가 13∼17wt% 범위가 되게 주입하고, 교반·혼합하면서 납두균(納豆菌) 균주를 전체 고추장 양에 0.8∼1,2wt% 범위로 골고루 뿌리고 잘 섞어 준 다음에 60∼65℃에서 2∼3일간 발효·숙성하여 고추장을 제조한다.4. After the mixture is cooled, 100 parts of red pepper powder, 90 to 110 parts of filtered deep seawater (injected so that the water content of the mixed red pepper paste is within the range of 48 to 55 wt%), and non-reducing sugars; Sucrose or trehalose, nonreducing disaccharide, maltitol, xylitol, sorbitol, erythitol, lactitol, and nonreducing sugar alcohol. One or two or more of the additives such as Lactitol and Mannitol are supplied at a ratio of 0.1 to 4 wt% based on the amount of deep sea water mixed, and 42 to 45 parts of soy sauce and salt Inject so that the salt (NaCl) concentration of the mixed kochujang is in the range of 13-17 wt%, and sprinkle the Bacillus spp. Strain to the whole kochujang amount in the range of 0.8-1,2 wt% evenly while stirring and mixing. Fermented and matured at 60 ~ 65 ℃ for 2-3 days To prepare a chapter.
5. 발효가 완료된 고추장은 검사를 한 다음, 제품으로 출하한다.5. The fermented kochujang is tested and shipped as a product.
그리고 상술한 4항의 고추장 발효공정에서 납두균 균제의 혼합을 생략하고, 전체를 혼합한 고추장을 옹기나 질그릇에 담아 햇볕이 잘 드는 곳에서 1주일간 15∼20회/일 범위로 나무 주걱으로 저어준 다음, 고추장 위쪽에 비닐을 덮어 수분증발을 막도록 하고, 소금을 뿌려서 소금층을 만들고, 10∼12개월간 자연적으로 발효숙성을 하여 고추장을 제조할 수도 있다. In the above fermentation process of kochujang of 4, omission of the mixture of Bacillus pneumoniae fungus is carried out, and the whole mixed kochujang is placed in an pottery or earthenware bowl and stirred in a sunny place with a wooden spatula in a range of 15 to 20 times / day for 1 week. , Cover the vinyl on the top of red pepper paste to prevent evaporation of water, sprinkle salt to make a salt layer, and fermented mature for 10 to 12 months to make red pepper paste.
[실시 예2]Example 2
찹쌀 90㎏를 울릉도 도동 앞바다 수심 250m 해양 심층수에 70시간 동안 침적하였다가 인양한 것을 채반에서 자유수분을 제거한 다음, 마쇄기에서 마쇄한 다음, 실시 예1에서 만든 메줏가루 30㎏를 혼합하고, 엿기름 12㎏를 물에 침지하여 거른 엿기름물을 혼합하고, 60℃에서 100분간 가열하여 당화를 시킨 다음, 청양 고추 가루 50㎏과 대망 고추 가루 50㎏을 혼합한 고추 가루 100㎏을 혼합하고 해양 심층수를 95㎏(이때 함수율을 52wt%이었음)와 트레할로스(Trehalose) 2㎏ 42㎏와 해양 심층수에서 생산된 소금 20㎏를 주입하고, 교반·혼합하면서 납두균(納豆菌) 균주를 전체 고추장 양에 2㎏ 골고루 뿌리고 잘 섞어 준 다음에 60∼65℃에서 2∼3일간 발 효·숙성하여 고추장을 제조하였으며, 이때 제조된 고추장의 성분은 표 3의 내용과같다.90 kg of glutinous rice was immersed in the deep sea water of 250m deep in the sea of Dodong, Ulleungdo for 70 hours, and the free water was removed from the crusher, and then ground in a mill. 12kg of water was mixed with malt and the malt was filtered. The mixture was heated at 60 ° C. for 100 minutes for saccharification, and then 50kg of Cheongyang pepper powder and 100kg of red pepper powder were mixed. Inject 95 kg (when the water content was 52wt%), 2 kg of Trehalose and 42 kg of 20 kg of salt produced from deep seawater, and stir and mix the Bacillus sp. After sprinkling and mixing well, fermented and matured at 60-65 ° C. for 2 to 3 days to prepare kochujang, and the ingredients of the prepared kochujang are shown in Table 3.
표 3 고추장의 성분 분석표 Table 3 ingredient analysis table of Kochujang
상술한 실시 예2에서 제조된 고추장을 B식당에 공급하여 시중에서 판매되는 고추장과 동일한 재료를 사용하여 비빔밥을 만들어 일반 손님 20인에 공급하여 시식도록 한 결과, 20인 전원이 실시 예2에서 제조된 고추장으로 만든 비빔밥의 맛이 좋다는 평가를 하였다.As a result of supplying gochujang prepared in Example 2 to restaurant B, bibimbap was made using the same materials as gochujang sold in the market, and then fed to 20 general guests for tasting, all 20 people were manufactured in Example 2 The taste of Bibimbap made with Korean red pepper paste was good.
이상에서 상술한 바와 같이 본 발명은, 해양 심층수에 함유되어 있는 미네랄성분을 이용하여 고추장의 제조에서 발효미생물의 대사활동을 활발하게 하여 발효를 한 고추장은 맛이 좋을 뿐만 아니라 인체에 유용한 다양한 미네랄성분이 함유되어 있기 때문에 고추장제조에 널리 이용되는 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. As described above, the present invention, by using the mineral components contained in the deep sea water, the fermented red pepper paste fermented by the active metabolism of fermented microorganisms in the production of kochujang is not only good taste, but also various mineral ingredients useful for the human body It is expected to have a widely used effect in the production of red pepper paste because it contains.
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KR101110221B1 (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2012-02-15 | 주용순 | A method for preparing soybean paste using a deep ocean water salt |
CN102687845A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-26 | 湖北山乡调味饮品有限公司 | Flavor-enhanced kidney bean sauce and brewing method thereof |
KR101993328B1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-06-26 | 코리아메이드푸드(주) | Method for pulverization process of jang sauces and fermenting/aging apparatus used for the method |
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KR20050056550A (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-06-16 | 한영환 | A manufacturing process of fermented beans using marine deep sea water |
KR100725665B1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-06-08 | 이미선 | Method for manufacturing soy bean fermented at low temperature using desalted deep sea water |
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KR101110221B1 (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2012-02-15 | 주용순 | A method for preparing soybean paste using a deep ocean water salt |
CN102687845A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-26 | 湖北山乡调味饮品有限公司 | Flavor-enhanced kidney bean sauce and brewing method thereof |
KR101993328B1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-06-26 | 코리아메이드푸드(주) | Method for pulverization process of jang sauces and fermenting/aging apparatus used for the method |
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