KR20070073546A - Power saving system that has avr - Google Patents

Abstract

A power saving system with an automatic voltage regulation property is provided to lengthen the lifetime of a load of an electric apparatus by 130-300% by reducing power consumption of the load by 6-25%. A power saving system includes a circuit breaker(23), an automatic voltage regulator(15), an electric magnetic contactor(25), and a control board(11). The circuit breaker is connected to a power input terminal. The automatic voltage regulator includes a main coil, which is connected between the circuit breaker and a load output terminal, and an excitation coil, whose turn ratio is adjusted according to plural tap contactors. The automatic voltage regulator maintains a constant load output voltage. The electric magnetic contactor is connected between the circuit breaker and the load output terminal and bypasses an input voltage. The control board controls the automatic voltage regulator and the electric magnetic contactor.

Description

Power saving system with automatic voltage regulation {Power saving system that has AVR}

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a power saving system according to the present invention.

Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of a circuit diagram that can be used in the power saving system according to the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a specific circuit diagram of the automatic voltage regulator according to the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a control board that can be used in the system according to the invention.

Figure 5 (a) and (b) shows an embodiment in which the power cut system according to the present invention is connected to the power distribution plate and the external load.

The present invention relates to a power saving system having an automatic voltage regulator introduced by an uninterruptible switching Tap method, to stably and continuously supply a voltage of a constant magnitude to a load.

In general, in order to reduce power loss, methods such as operation of demand monitoring control, power factor improvement, transformer efficiency and characteristics improvement are used in consideration of the relationship with the maximum amount of power used.

A known method for reducing power loss is Patent No. 1996-0030508, "Method and Apparatus for Automatic Switching of Voltage Variation in Power-Saving Transformer." The proposed literature suggests that in single-phase three-wire or two-wire single-coil type transformers, thyristors are installed between the ends of the main coil and between each excitation coil so that the circuit is automatically switched according to the magnitude of the input voltage. In this way, a voltage within a set range is always output through such a change, thereby reducing the change in voltage depending on the load, thereby enabling power saving.

Prior application related to the characteristics of the transformer is patent application No. 10-2001-0004538 "power-saving transformer". The proposed invention proposes a method for effectively controlling voltage and improving power factor by applying reactive power applied from a distribution panel to active power within a normal operating range of a load. The known invention thus proposes a system mainly for power factor improvement. Another well-known invention of such a power factor correction system is Patent Application No. 10-2004-0022743, "Power Saving Automatic Power Factor Control Device and Method thereof." The present invention is characterized by adding an automatic power factor adjustment device so that the power factor of 95% is always maintained.

Inefficient use of power comes from a variety of sources. The high frequencies generated in the power system increase the impedance and cause waste of power. Prior invention for eliminating high frequency is utility model registration No. 20-0292779 "harmonic purification and power saving power controller". The proposed design includes a power load regulator and a harmonic purifier.

The preceding inventions select only specific means to construct a power saving system. However, since power loss comes from a variety of sources, it is necessary to properly eliminate each cause to form a power saving system as a whole. In addition, it is necessary to consider the life of the electric device.

The present invention proposes a power saving system capable of saving power by appropriately responding to waste of power resulting from various causes and protecting electrical equipment from causes such as overheating or voltage sags.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power saving system including an automatic voltage regulator (AVR), an automatic power factor control device (PQ power factor control device), a surge protection device (SPD) and the like.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a power saving system includes: a distribution circuit breaker connected to a power input terminal; And a main coil connected between the distribution circuit breaker and the load output terminal, and an excitation coil whose turn ratio is controlled by a plurality of tap contacts connected in parallel to the output side of the main coil and connected in parallel thereto. Automatic voltage regulator to keep it; A magnetic contactor connected between the distribution circuit breaker and the load output terminal and configured to bypass input power to the load as it is; It may include a control board for controlling the system as a whole including the automatic voltage regulator and the magnetic contactor.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the load output terminal may further include at least one capacitor group connected in parallel to form a delta connection or a Y connection, and a surge protection device connected in parallel with the capacitor.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, an overcurrent relay may be connected between the distribution breaker and the voltage regulator.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the control board includes a voltage sensing sensor for sensing the magnitude of the output voltage of the load output stage, and the reference voltage and each tap contact of the voltage regulator to maintain the load output voltage constant. It may be characterized by including a setting means for setting the magnitude of the voltage drop by the emitter.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic contactor has a load output voltage below the reference voltage, the automatic voltage regulator malfunctions, the overcurrent relay is activated by overload, or the initial current input to the system It may be characterized in that the operation by the control of the control board at the time.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the capacitor may be connected via a distribution circuit breaker.

According to another suitable embodiment of the invention, the capacitor may be gaseous.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the power saving system can be wired in three-phase three-wire or three-phase four-wire type.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which do not limit the scope of the present invention.

1 shows the overall configuration of a power saving system 1 according to the present invention as an example.

Referring to FIG. 1, a power saving system 1 according to the present invention includes a control board 11, a capacitor 13, and an automatic voltage regulator electrically connected to each other in a housing H having a door D. Regulator (AVR) 15 and Surge Protection Device (SPD) 17.

The system according to the invention can be used in a variety of power systems, but preferably the rated voltage is three-phase 380V; It can be used in single-phase 220V and can be used in single-phase 2-wire (220V), single-phase 3-wire (220V / 110V), 3-phase 4-wire (380V / 220V) and 3-phase 3-wire (440V / 380V / 220V) have. The frequency can also be suitably 60 Hz or 50 Hz, but the system 1 according to the invention is not limited to this frequency.

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a circuit diagram that can be used in the power saving system according to the present invention, a three-phase four-wire connection.

Referring to FIG. 2, an input side connected to a distribution board (not shown) has three input terminals R, S, and T and a neutral point N, and three output terminals U, on an output side to which a load is connected. V, W)

The power line circuit breaker (MCCB) 23 is first connected to the line connecting the input terminals R, S, and T to the output terminals U, V, and W. The power distribution circuit breaker 23 is a mechanism for automatically or manually blocking current when an abnormal state such as overload and disconnection occurs. In the power saving system according to the present invention, whether the opening or closing is automatically or manually controlled by the control board 11. Can be.

The input terminals R, S and T are connected to the input terminals R1, S1 and T1 of the automatic voltage regulator 15, respectively, and the output terminals U and V of the automatic voltage regulator 15 via respective coils. And W). The automatic voltage regulator 15 functions to keep the load output voltage constant. The ability to reliably supply the optimum voltage to the load is very important, and the system can continuously supply the proper voltage through artificial intelligence control 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. This technology can make energy savings most effective.

Automatic voltage regulators improve the load unbalance voltage by adjusting the excitation speed. This unbalanced voltage improvement not only saves energy in the motor, but also significantly reduces the heat generation of the load, prolongs the load life, and significantly reduces the failure of the motor. The automatic voltage regulator will be described later.

An electronic over current relay 21 is provided between the automatic voltage regulator 15 and the distribution circuit breaker 23. The electronic overcurrent relay 21 functions to protect the component or the load. The electronic overcurrent relay 21 refers to a device that generates a constant signal to block the flow of current, especially when excessive current is introduced for more than the allowable time. In the power saving system according to the present invention, a known electronic overcurrent relay 21 may be installed according to a known method.

The electric magnetic contactor 25 refers to a device for turning on / off the current of a load using an external signal. The electromagnetic contactor 25 serves to simply open and close the line by the excitation of the electromagnetic coil and is used in combination with an overload relay that protects the overload or the open phase. In the power saving system according to the present invention, the magnetic contactor 25 has a bypass function by the control of the control board. That is, under certain conditions, the magnetic contactor 25 is turned on so that the power input from the power input terminals R, S, and T is output directly to the load output terminals U, V, and W without passing through the automatic voltage regulator 15.

By-pass function of the magnetic contactor 25 under the control of the control board 11 may cause problems when the overload is detected through the overcurrent relay 21 or the automatic voltage regulator 15 (malfunction of the tap contactor, temperature, etc.). Rise, etc.), when the voltage at the load output terminal is below the reference voltage, it is activated when the power is supplied to the power saving system for a certain time, or when there is an error in the system. Can be bypassed.

A delta connection or a wire connection capacitor group 13 is connected in parallel to the load output terminal. The capacitor 13 may be connected through an output terminal and a distribution circuit breaker (MCCB).

 The capacitor 13 is used for power factor correction and instantaneous voltage drop correction and has the function of a filter. The capacitor 13 may be connected in parallel to the circuit for power factor improvement. In general, as the frequency increases, the impedance of the capacitor 13 decreases and harmonics flow into the capacitor. Harmonics damage electric equipment and electric cables including the capacitor 13 and generate noise to generate resonance or noise. In this power saving system, the efficiency of the capacitor 13 is increased by using a non-explosive GAS insulated capacitor.

The surge protection device 17 is connected to the capacitor 13 in parallel. The surge protection device 17 is for protecting an electric device from various surges, impulses or noises generated during lightning or load operation. The surge protection device 17 is a transient voltage surge suppression (TVSS), which may be a metal oxide varistors (MOV) silicon avalanche supressor diodes (SASD) or a component thereof. The use of the surge protection device 17 in the power saving system 1 according to the present invention has the advantages of surge suppression and load protection in the event of lightning and switching surges, reduction of trouble malfunctions and noise, increase of electrical facility load life and reduction of energy used. To have.

Although not shown in the drawings, a fan for maintaining an internal temperature may be installed, and an LED lamp for checking the operation of various devices may be installed. The operation of the fan and LED lamps is controlled by the control board 11.

The control board 11 may be a printed circuit board (PCB), and not only sets an environment suitable for the condition in which the power saving system 1 is installed, but also controls the operation of each element. The setting and control of such an environment may be preferably performed by a built-in artificial intelligence automatic control program.

The control board 11 performs a function of controlling the present power saving system as a whole. In particular, the output voltage of the automatic voltage regulator 15 is kept constant, and the bypass function of the magnetic contactor 25 is controlled.

4 is a block diagram according to an embodiment of a control board. Referring to this, the control board

A main control unit 111 having a program for controlling the system as a whole;

A voltage detection sensor 112 for detecting a load output voltage and transferring it to the main controller;

Is connected to the main control unit 111, whether the power is normally input and output to the system, whether the magnetic contactor 25 or the automatic voltage regulator 15 operates, the set automatic voltage regulator 15 A display unit 116 for displaying a reference voltage value and the like;

The reference voltage for the automatic voltage regulator 15, the voltage drop value of each tap contactor, the reference voltage for the magnetic contactor 25, the operating time of the magnetic contactor 25 at initial power-on, the temperature for driving the fan A setting unit 113 for setting a back and the like,

A command unit 114 for issuing an operation command signal to the tap contactor and the fan of the magnetic contactor 25, the automatic voltage regulator 15, and the like;

An operation state checking unit 115 for displaying the operation states of the tap contactor, the overcurrent relay 21, the fan, and the like of the power distribution circuit breaker 23, the magnetic contactor 25, and the automatic voltage regulator 15 is provided. It is made to include.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram (only R phase) showing an automatic voltage regulator according to the present invention in more detail. FIG. 3 illustrates an automatic voltage regulator for supplying a stable voltage having a predetermined size to a load output terminal by an uninterruptible tap switching method. It is a circuit diagram. For reference, a) is an automatic voltage regulator of the present invention, and b) is a general automatic voltage regulator.

Referring to FIG. 3A, the automatic voltage regulator 15 includes a main coil 151 and a plurality of excitation coils 152 connected in parallel to the output side of the main coil 151 and a plurality of parallel connections to the input side of the excitation coil. It consists of tap contactor RT1-RT4. The magnetic contactor 25 is connected to the main coil 151 in parallel, and the voltage sensing sensor 112 of the control board 11 is connected to the output side in parallel.

The plurality of tap contactors RT1 to RT4 are operated by the control of the control board 11, and the turn ratio of the excitation coil is controlled by turning on any one tap contactor according to the magnitude of the load output voltage (that is, the excitation magnetic flux). Control), thereby keeping the load output voltage constant.

In more detail, the voltage drop value when the tap contactor 1 (RT1) to the tap contactor 4 (RT4) is turned ON is set to a reference voltage that the load output voltage should be maintained at 220 volts, respectively. When set to 3 volts, 3 volts, 3 volts,

When the load output voltage input through the voltage sensor 112 is 230 volts, the control board 11 turns on the tap contactor 2 (RT2) to set the load output voltage to 221 volts (230-6-3 = 221). Lower it. After that, when the load output voltage is detected at 215 volts, the control board 11 turns off the tap contactor 2 (RT2) and turns on the tap contactor 1 (RT1) to set the load output voltage to 218 volts (215 + 3 = 218). Increase to).

As described above, when the output voltage is out of the reference voltage, the control board 11 controls each tap contactor RT1 to RT4 to control the output voltage to be close to the reference voltage. In this way, the load is continuously supplied with a constant voltage.

Here, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that each of the voltage values is not an accurate value. The voltage drop value of each tap contactor RT1 to RT4 is proportional to the input voltage to the main coil 151 and is not stepped down or stepped up based on the output voltage, and the voltage drop value is the magnitude of the input voltage. Is proportional to. However, as described above, there will be no shortage in explaining the principle that the load output voltage is kept constant. Each tap contactor has been described as having a voltage drop compared to an input voltage to the main coil 151, but it is natural that the tap contactor can be stepped up by adjusting the turn ratio.

In addition, an uninterruptible tap switching method, which is another feature of the voltage regulator 15 of the present invention, will be described.

Referring to b) of FIG. 3, which shows a conventional voltage regulator, a load output terminal is connected only by coils and tap contactors T1 to T4. Therefore, when switching from one tap contactor to another tap contactor, even though it is a very short moment (a few milliseconds), the output terminal input terminal is opened, and a momentary power failure occurs. In addition, impulse surges are generated by the momentary power failure, which causes short lifespan of the AVR, makes it difficult to manufacture a large capacity, and affects the life of the load connected to the output terminal.

However, referring to the voltage regulator 15 of the present invention shown in Fig. 3A, the main output coil is connected to the load output terminal as well as the tap contacts RT1 to RT4. Therefore, even when switching from one tap contactor to another tap contactor, instantaneous power failure does not occur. That is, power is supplied uninterrupted.

Figure 5 (a) and (b) shows an embodiment in which the power cut system according to the present invention is connected to the power distribution plate and the external load.

5A shows a state in which the power saving system 1 according to the present invention is connected to the power distribution board 30 and the load 31. FIG. 5B shows an external load 33 such as a street lamp flasher. It is shown to be connected further.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 5, the power saving system 1 is connected to the power distribution board 30 to which power is supplied from KEPCO and the input terminals R, S, and T, and the load 31 according to the present invention. The system 1 is connected to the output terminals U, V, and W.

Although the power saving system according to the present invention has been described using a three-phase four-wire system, it can be applied to various wiring methods.

Although the present invention has been described in detail by using the presented embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and modifications can be made from the presented embodiments by those skilled in the art. The scope of the present invention is not limited by the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

The power saving system according to the present invention can not only reduce power consumption but also protect an electric device or a load from an external shock such as overcurrent or lightning.

When the power saving system according to the present invention is applied, the power of 6 to 25% is saved and the load life of the electric facility can be increased by 130% to 300%.

Claims (5)

A distribution circuit breaker connected to a power input terminal; And a main coil connected between the distribution circuit breaker and the load output terminal, and an excitation coil whose turn ratio is controlled by a plurality of tap contacts connected in parallel to the output side of the main coil and connected in parallel thereto. Automatic voltage regulator to keep it; A magnetic contactor connected between the distribution circuit breaker and the load output terminal and configured to bypass input power to the load as it is; Power saving system having an automatic voltage regulation (AVR) function including a control board for controlling the system as a whole including the automatic voltage regulator and the magnetic contactor. The method of claim 1, And at least one capacitor group connected in parallel to the load output terminal to form a delta connection or a Y connection, and a surge protection device connected in parallel with the capacitor. The method of claim 1, And an overcurrent relay connected between the power distribution breaker and the voltage regulator. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The control board has a voltage sensor for sensing the magnitude of the output voltage of the load output terminal; And a setting unit for setting the reference voltage and the magnitude of the voltage drop by each tap contactor of the voltage regulator to maintain the load output voltage constant. The method of claim 4, wherein The magnetic contactor is operated by the control of the control board when the load output voltage is below the reference voltage, when the automatic voltage regulator malfunctions, when the overcurrent relay is activated by overload, or when the current is input to the system. Power saving system with automatic voltage regulation function, characterized in that.

Images