KR20070048102A - Device and system for generating sea water ice with law salinity - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention allows the seawater to freeze while flowing, so that the frozen ice contains a salt of a concentration lower than the salt concentration of the general seawater to produce a low-salt ice that is excellent in precooling effect and can maintain the freshness of fish for a long time An ice maker for manufacturing ice using a coolant supplied from a coolant supply unit, the ice maker comprising: a space in which seawater can be stored, and a freezing wall of which is provided to the coolant supplied from the coolant supply unit. A freezing tank in which a seawater inlet through which seawater is introduced is cooled by the water; Driving means provided on an upper cover of the freezing tank; A rotating shaft connected to the driving means and inserted into the freezing tank and provided with a shredding cutter; A lower cover formed at a lower portion of the freezing tank to form a seawater outlet for discharging seawater stored in the freezing tank and an ice outlet for discharging ice crushed from the freezing tank; Characterized in that comprises a.

Ice makers, freezers, shredding cutters, precoolers, seawater inlets, seawater outlets

Description

Ice-making machines for making low-salt ice, and ice-making systems {DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR GENERATING SEA WATER ICE WITH LAW SALINITY}

1 is a schematic diagram of an ice making system according to the present invention;

2 is a sectional view of an essential part of an ice maker according to the present invention;

3 is a partial cutaway side view of the precooler according to the present invention;

4a and 4b are experimental graphs of the present invention.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

100: ice maker 110: freezing tank

200: precooler 300: storage container

400: seawater supply unit 500: refrigerant supply unit

The present invention relates to an ice maker and an ice making system for producing ice having low salinity by directly freezing seawater by manufacturing ice for pre-cooling and transportation in the fishing vessel and freezing or refrigeration industries.

Above and below "low salt ice" refers to ice having a salt concentration lower than that of general seawater.

As ice that is used for pre-cooling in general fishing vessels and freezing and refrigeration industries, an apparatus for ice making with 100% fresh water (drinking water) and ice making with 100% seawater has been developed. In addition, some of the small and medium sized fishing boats are used to store the ice in the fishing ground in the land, and some are used to receive pre-cooled ice from the ice supply ship at sea. In this case, it is expensive to maintain the freshness of the fish caught due to the supply from the outboard.

In addition, the ice frozen in 100% fresh water has a freezing point of 0 ° C, so the freshness of the captured fish is well maintained, but there is a small precooling effect, and the ice frozen in 100% seawater has a freezing point of -21.5 ° C The precooling effect is excellent as temperature, but the freshness is poor due to the osmotic pressure from the caught fish.

Conventional technology of the above-mentioned ice-making device is disclosed in the 'sea ice manufacturing apparatus' of Korean Patent No. 10-0498735, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-56954, 'ice making machine', etc. The ice maker by the structure of the instantaneous generation of ice and then crushed, such a device has a drawback that it is impossible to produce low-salt ice because the salt concentration is maintained as it is.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, so that the sea ice freezes while flowing, so that the frozen ice contains a salt of a concentration lower than the salt concentration of the general sea water, while excellent in pre-cooling effect fish An ice maker and an ice making system capable of manufacturing low-salt ice that can maintain freshness for a long time are proposed.

In addition, the present invention provides the optimum state of fresh fish captured by eliminating the precooling effect on fresh water ice as well as the osmotic pressure by making ice of low concentration such as the salt content of bound water and free water present in the captured fish cells. To improve the quality of the product.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention, in the ice making machine using the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant supply unit: forming a space in which sea water can be stored and the freezing wall of the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant supply unit A freezing tank in which a seawater inlet through which seawater is introduced is cooled by the water; Driving means provided on an upper cover of the freezing tank; A rotating shaft connected to the driving means and inserted into the freezing tank and provided with a shredding cutter; A lower cover formed at a lower portion of the freezing tank to form a seawater outlet for discharging seawater stored in the freezing tank and an ice outlet for discharging ice crushed from the freezing tank; Characterized in that comprises a.

In the above, the shredding cutter may be composed of a fixed portion fixed to the rotary shaft and a cutter portion rotatably coupled to the fixed portion, or may be an integral shredding cutter fixed to the rotary shaft.

In the above, it is preferable that a spiral refrigerant passage is formed outside the freezing wall, and a fin for improving heat transfer is attached to the outside of the freezing wall.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a coolant supply unit, a seawater supply unit, and an ice maker for manufacturing seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit by using the coolant supplied from the coolant supply unit are made of ice.

In the above, it is preferable that a precooler for cooling the seawater flowing into the ice maker in advance is provided between the seawater supply unit and the ice maker.

In the above, the refrigerant used in the precooler is preferably a refrigerant used in the ice maker.

Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram of an ice making system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of the ice maker of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the precooling unit of FIG. 1.

The ice making system is largely composed of an ice maker 100, a precooler 200, a storage container 300, a sea water supply unit 400, a refrigerant supply unit 500.

The refrigerant supply unit 500 includes a condenser 510, a condenser, a compressor 520, a liquid separator 530, and an accumulator. The refrigerant supply unit 500 is provided to supply a refrigerant to the ice maker 100. .

The structure and operating principle of the coolant supply unit 500 for supplying the coolant are well known in the art, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The seawater supply unit 400 supplies seawater to the ice maker 100 and the condenser 510 through the pump 410, and this configuration will also be omitted since it is a well-known technique.

Seawater flowing into the pump 410 of the seawater supply unit 400 passes through a pre-filter 430 and a sterilizer 420 and then flows into the pump 410.

Although the seawater supply unit may be driven by a pump or the like, various methods may be taken, such as simply configuring the seawater to free fall by gravity from the seawater tank.

The structure of the ice maker 100 is demonstrated.

The body of the ice maker 100 may be manufactured using stainless steel or copper alloy steel.

Ice maker 100 is provided with a freezing tank 110 to form a space for storing sea water therein.

The freezing tank 110 includes an upper cover 111, a lower cover 112, and a freezing wall 113.

The outside of the freezing wall 113 of the freezing tank 110 is cooled by the coolant supplied from the coolant supply unit 500, and thus freezes from the inside of the freezing wall 113 of the freezing tank 110 to the center of the freezing tank 110. It begins.

The upper cover 111 of the freezing tank 110 is provided with a geared motor 120 as a driving means, and the rotating shaft 121 rotated by the geared motor 120 is inserted into the freezing tank 110. And rotatably provided.

In addition, a mechanical seal for preventing leakage of seawater is provided on the rotating shaft 121 penetrating the upper cover 111.

The rotary shaft 121 is provided with a crushing cutter 122. The crushing cutter 122 is for crushing (or cutting) the ice frozen from the inside of the freezing wall 113 of the freezing tank 110.

The crushing cutter 122 is composed of a fixing part 122a and a cutter part 122b, and the fixing part 122a is fixed perpendicularly to the rotating shaft 121, and the cutter part 122b is fixed to the fixing part 122a. It is rotatably coupled.

Therefore, the cutter portion 122b sags downward with respect to the fixing portion 122a when the rotating shaft 121 is not rotated, but when the rotating shaft 121 rotates, the cutter portion 122b is moved upward by the centrifugal force. It rotates to form a state parallel to the ground. The crushing cutter 122 has a structure in which the radius of rotation is changed depending on whether the rotating shaft 121 is rotated so that the cutter portion 122b does not come into contact with the frozen ice during the crushing process. The radius of rotation of the cutter portion 122b is expanded to crush frozen ice.

However, according to the exemplary embodiment, an integrated shredding cutter having a structure completely fixed to the rotating shaft may be adopted instead of the rotatable structure having the shredding cutter 122 having two stages. It is understood that the structure of the shredding cutter 122 may be variously modified and adjusted by those skilled in the art.

Crushing cutter 122 is made of stainless steel or special steel, etc. in order to prevent the constant strength and corrosion by sea water.

The upper cover 111 of the freezing tank 110 is formed with a seawater inlet 111a, and the seawater pre-cooled by the precooler 200 is introduced into the freezing tank 110 through the seawater inlet 111a. On the other hand, a solenoid valve 140 is provided at the front end of the sea water inlet 111a, and when the ice is crushed in the freezing tank 110, the sea water is blocked from entering the freezing tank 110.

The lower cover 112 of the freezing tank 110 is formed in the shape of a hopper, and the sea water outlet 112a for discharging the seawater stored in the freezing tank 110 and the ice outlet 112b for discharging the crushed ice. Is formed.

Therefore, the sea water or crushed ice stored in the freezing tank 110 is discharged to the sea water outlet 112a or the ice outlet 112b while being collected in the center by the lower cover 112 of the hopper type.

Since the ice outlet 112b is solid, it is formed directly under the freezing tank 110, and the sea water outlet is liquid so that the ice outlet 112b is branched from the lower cover 112.

The ice outlet 112b is provided with a solenoid valve 130 so that seawater does not flow into the storage container 300 to be described later during ice making. That is, the solenoid valve 130 is opened only when crushing ice frozen.

On the other hand, a spiral refrigerant passage 150 is formed on the outer side of the freezing wall 113 of the freezing tank 100, the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant supply unit 500 passes along the refrigerant passage 150, the freezing tank ( The freezing wall 113 of the 100 is cooled.

A circular body wall 160 is provided outside the freezing wall 113 of the freezing tank 100 to form the refrigerant passage 150, and an upper end of the body wall 160 is connected to the upper cover 111 and the main body. The lower end of the wall 160 is connected to the lower cover 112 to form a space enclosed by the body wall 160, the upper cover 111, the lower cover, and the freezing wall 113.

In addition, the refrigerant guide plate 151 is helically attached between the freezing wall 113 and the main body wall 160, so that the refrigerant introduced into the upper portion is the helical refrigerant passage 150 formed by the refrigerant guide plate 151. Cool the outside of the freezing wall 113 along.

On the other hand, the inside of the freezing wall 113 constitutes a smooth surface because it forms a freezing surface for ice making, the outside of the freezing wall 113 a plurality of fins 113a protruding to improve the heat transfer performance of the refrigerant. Is attached. The pin 113a may be selected from any one of copper alloy, aluminum alloy, and special steel.

The outer side of the body wall 160 is wrapped by the heat insulating material 170, the refrigerant inlet 161 and the refrigerant outlet 162 is formed in the body wall 160, the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant supply unit 500 is a refrigerant Inflow through the inlet 161 passes through the refrigerant passage 150 and exits to the refrigerant outlet 162.

An expansion valve 170 is provided at the front end of the refrigerant inlet 161 to adjust the cooling temperature, and a thermostat 180 is provided at the rear end of the refrigerant outlet 162 to provide a thermostat 180. And expansion valve 170 are electrically connected to each other to adjust the cooling temperature of the ice maker 100.

A storage container 300 is provided below the ice maker 100.

Storage container 300 is a container for storing the crushed ice in the ice maker 100 determines the capacity according to the ice making capacity required by each ship and site. The storage container 300 uses stainless steel or copper alloy to prevent corrosion due to salt, and may have a rectangular or circular structure. Storage container 300 is provided with an entrance for taking out the stored ice.

C까지 냉각하도록 한다. 그러나 예냉기(200)에서 공급하는 해수의 온도는 제빙기(100)에서 필요한 해수의 온도에 따라 조절될 수 있다. 한편 예냉기(200) 에서 제빙기(100)로 공급되는 해수는 제빙기(100)에서 필요한 유량 이외에는 바이패스(Bypass)시키는 구조로 되어 있다. 예냉기(200)는 열교환 효율을 높이기 위하여 판형 열교환기 혹은 튜브형으로 제작할 수 있다.The precooler 200 is a device for controlling the temperature of the seawater supplied to the ice maker 100, and may use a refrigerant R504 or another refrigerant as a cooling fluid. The coolant supplied to the precooler 200 uses a coolant from the ice maker 100 and the temperature of the seawater is zero in the precooler 200.

Allow to cool to C. However, the temperature of the seawater supplied from the precooler 200 may be adjusted according to the temperature of the seawater required by the ice maker 100. On the other hand, the seawater supplied from the precooler 200 to the ice maker 100 has a structure for bypassing other than the required flow rate in the ice maker 100. The precooler 200 may be manufactured in a plate heat exchanger or tube type to increase heat exchange efficiency.

The pre-cooler 200 is arranged for the effective ice making of the present ice making system since the ice making of the ice maker 100 proceeds in a state where a predetermined amount of sea water is filled in the freezing tank 110. That is, in the conventional method of cooling a small amount of seawater, the precooler does not act as an important factor, but the present invention cools the seawater more than a predetermined amount, so without a precooler, much time and energy will be consumed in the ice making operation.

The operation of the above embodiment will be described below.

First, the freezing tank 110 is filled with a certain amount of sea water. At this time, the seawater is not discharged to the seawater outlet 112a, and only the seawater is introduced into the seawater inlet 111a.

When a predetermined amount of seawater is filled in the freezing tank 110, seawater is discharged to the seawater outlet 112a, and seawater is introduced to the seawater inlet 111a. As a result, the seawater in the freezing tank 110 flows from the top to the bottom, and the seawater gradually exits from the seawater outlet 112a.

The inside of the freezing wall 113 of the freezing tank 110, that is, the temperature range at the freezing surface is maintained at-60 ~-15 ℃, and adjusted to be in the range of the flow rate 0.1 ~ 5 m3 / sec.

When the flow of sea water occurs in the freezing tank 110, the ice frozen from the freezing wall 113 of the freezing tank 110 has a low concentration of salt. At this time, the seawater supplied from the precooler 200 is to control the amount of seawater flowing into the freezing tank 110 by an orifice for flow control installed at the inlet of the ice maker 100 to control the salt concentration of the ice. Can be. As such, when the flow rate is adjusted, the concentration of ice produced varies with the salt concentration according to the flow rate.

When the ice of a predetermined thickness is frozen, the seawater is not introduced any more into the seawater inlet 111a, and all the seawater of the freezing tank 110 exits to the seawater outlet 112a.

When all of the seawater is discharged, the geared motor 120 is driven to rotate the rotating shaft 121, and the ice frozen in the crushing cutter 122 is crushed (or cut) according to the rotation of the rotating shaft 121.

The crushed ice is stored in the storage container 300 through the ice outlet 112b.

In this way ice with a low concentration of salt is produced.

4A and 4B are graphs of the test method according to the present invention, and show experimental data indicating that low salt ice can be produced according to the influence of seawater flow rate, and FIG. 4A shows Tw = −20 ° C. FIG. (Freezing wall temperature), the change in freezing rate and freezing rate according to the flow rate of aqueous sodium chloride solution at Qair = 10 l / min is shown over time. As shown in the figure, ice grows rapidly under the influence of the heat flux due to the large temperature gradient from the cooling surface to the freezing surface at the beginning of the experiment. In addition, the faster the flow rate, the higher the convective heat transfer rate, and thus, the ice does not grow continuously and quickly reaches a steady state. On the other hand, the ice tissue produced dense and hard transparent ice with the ice generated at 0.1 m / sec, which has a higher flow rate, compared to the 0.02 m / sec, which is caused by freezing as the flow rate increases. This is because the removal effect of the precipitated high concentration sodium chloride solution is increased and the solid-liquid coexistence layer is reduced in the freezing layer. This tendency has a great influence on the salt concentration of the produced ice, and the change in the salt concentration of the frozen layer reaching the steady state is shown in FIG. 4B according to the flow rate. From the figure, it can be seen that as the flow rate increases, the salt concentration of the frozen layer reaches the steady state.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the technical idea of the present invention may be variously modified or adjusted by those skilled in the art. Such modifications and adjustments fall within the scope of the present invention if they use the technical idea of the present invention.

Thus, the present invention enables the production of low-salt ice using seawater, thereby providing ice of low concentration salt such as salt content of bound water and free water present in the captured fish cells. Of course, by removing the osmotic phenomenon it is possible to prevent the escape of water from the captured fish to maintain the freshness of the fish in an optimal state to improve the quality of the product.

Claims (7)

In an ice maker that manufactures ice using a coolant supplied from a coolant supply unit: A freezing tank which forms a space in which seawater can be stored, and a seawater inlet through which seawater is introduced, and whose freezing wall is cooled by a refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant supply unit; Driving means provided on an upper cover of the freezing tank; A rotating shaft connected to the driving means and inserted into the freezing tank and provided with a shredding cutter; A lower cover formed at a lower portion of the freezing tank to form a seawater outlet for discharging seawater stored in the freezing tank and an ice outlet for discharging ice crushed from the freezing tank; Ice making machine for producing low salt ice, characterized in that comprises a. The method of claim 1, The crushing cutter is a ice maker for producing low salt ice, characterized in that the fixed portion is fixed to the rotating shaft and the cutter portion rotatably coupled to the fixed portion. The method of claim 1, The crushing cutter is a low salt ice ice maker, characterized in that the integrated crushing cutter fixed to the rotating shaft. The method of claim 1, A spiral cooler passage is formed outside the freezing wall, and a pin for improving heat transfer is attached to the outside of the freezing wall. A low salt comprising the ice making machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit is made of ice using a coolant supply unit, a seawater supply unit, and a coolant supplied from the coolant supply unit. Ice making system for ice making. The method of claim 5, Ice making system for producing low salt ice, characterized in that a pre-cooler for cooling the sea water introduced into the ice maker in advance between the sea water supply and the ice maker. The method of claim 6, Ice making system for low salt ice, characterized in that the refrigerant used in the precooler is a refrigerant used in the ice maker.

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