KR20070047503A - Biomass reactor using diatomaceous earth ceramics and biomass gas producing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biomass reactor and a method for generating a biomass gas using the same, and more particularly, in a methane gasification technique using a conventional biomass, a diatomaceous earth ceramic body, which is a porous mineral, includes methane-producing bacteria. By using as a carrier of anaerobic microorganisms, the present invention relates to a biomass reactor capable of improving biomass gas generation efficiency and converting organic matter and biomass gas generation by a microorganism in a short time, and a method for generating biomass gas using the same. To this end, the present invention uses a diatomaceous earth ceramic body, which is a porous mineral, as a carrier for anaerobic microorganisms including methane-producing bacteria in order to increase biomass gas generation efficiency. Provided is a method of producing a biomass gas by contacting anaerobic microorganisms including methane-producing bacteria in the pores of the diatomaceous earth ceramic body to form a biofilm, and contacting the biofilms with anaerobic microorganisms including the biomass solution and methane-producing bacteria.

Biomass, Biomass Reactor, Methane Fermentation, Diatomaceous Earth, Ceramics, Biomass Gas

Description

Biomass reactor using a diatomaceous earth ceramic body and a method for generating biomass gas using the same {BIOMASS REACTOR USING DIATOMACEOUS EARTH CERAMICS AND BIOMASS GAS PRODUCING METHOD THEREOF}

1 is a shape of a diatomaceous earth cylindrical rod ceramic body.

2 is a shape of a biomass reactor.

Figure 3 is an arrangement of diatomaceous earth cylindrical rod ceramics.

4 is a shape of a non-powered rotary blade.

5 is a biomass gas generation process according to the present invention.

6 shows the biomass reactor height.

7A is a micrograph of diatomaceous earth.

7B is a micrograph of diatomaceous earth having a large number of pores in a diameter of 0.05 mm.

7C is a micrograph showing that there are finer holes in the pores with a particle diameter of 0.05 mm.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: cylindrical rod-like diatomaceous earth ceramic body 2: rotation axis

3: cylindrical rod-like diatomaceous earth ceramic body holder

4 gas outlet 5 biomass solution inlet

6: biomass solution outlet 7: biomass reactor

8: non-powered rotor

9: volume of biomass gas generated purifier

10: height of biomass reactor

The present invention relates to a biomass reactor comprising a diatomaceous earth ceramic body, which is a porous mineral, as a carrier for anaerobic microorganisms, and a method of generating biomass gas using the same, in order to increase the generation efficiency of biomass gas. . Until now, the technology for producing fuel or chemical raw materials mainly using biomass resources has been dependent on chemical synthesis processes using petroleum resources, but environmental problems and resource depletion are emerging. Therefore, researches are being actively conducted to replace the pollution-induced and high-energy consumption chemical raw materials production process with biotechnological fermentation process using biomass, which is a renewable resource, to achieve clean biotechnology of depollution and low pollution. At present, methane gasification technology for high concentration organic waste (livestock manure, sewage sludge, food waste, etc.) has been developed and used.

In the methane gasification technology using biomass, diatomaceous earth ceramics, which are porous minerals, are used as a carrier of anaerobic microorganisms to improve gas generation efficiency and to utilize methane gas obtained by gas generation treatment of biomass as alternative energy. The purpose of the present invention is to obtain power generation and thermal energy by biomass gas, and to provide a way to reduce carbon dioxide emission and fossil fuel consumption by improving biomass gas generation efficiency. In addition, to provide an efficient biomass reactor that can be utilized as an effective energy source without incineration of organic wastes derived from living organisms, including food waste, and a method of producing biomass gas using the same.

In the methane gasification technique using conventional biomass, the diatomaceous earth ceramic body, which is a porous mineral, is used as a carrier for anaerobic microorganisms containing methane-producing bacteria, thereby increasing the efficiency of generating biomass gas and simultaneously decomposing organic matters by microorganisms. And a biomass reactor capable of performing biomass gas generation conversion in a short time, and a method of generating biomass gas using the same.

To this end, in the present invention, unlike the conventional technique in which the contact of the biomass solution by the contact of the particulate solid organic matter in the fermentation solution, the diatomaceous earth ceramic body processed in the cylindrical rod shape of the anaerobic microorganism including methane-producing bacteria and the reproduction environment The biofilm was formed on the bioreactor, and the biofilm was arranged in a fully anaerobic bioreactor, and the biomass solution was contacted to improve the generation efficiency of gas from the biomass. By forming an anaerobic microorganism reproductive environment containing methane-producing bacteria in a cylindrical rod-like diatomaceous earth ceramic body having a large number of pores with a mineral particle diameter of 0.05 mm arranged in a fully anaerobic bioreactor, The present invention provides a biomass reactor and a method for producing biomass gas using the same, which can improve the production efficiency of the biomass gas by increasing the cell retention time while promoting the growth.

Referring to the specific configuration of the present invention for this purpose as follows. The shape of the diatomaceous earth cylindrical rod ceramics 1 is as shown in FIG. 1, and the shape of the biomass reactor 7 is as shown in FIG. 2. As a carrier for fixing anaerobic microorganisms including methane-producing bacteria, a diatomaceous earth ceramic body (1) made of cylindrical rods by processing diatomaceous earth, which is a porous mineral, is used as shown in FIG. As illustrated in FIG. 3, twelve holders 3 are arranged to circumferentially rotate the inside of the cylinder of the biomass reactor radially about 30 degrees about the central rotation axis 2 of the reactor. On the other hand, the diatomaceous earth ceramic body holder is formed in the form of a mesh to arrange the diatomaceous earth ceramic body (1) therein, the cylindrical rod-shaped diatomaceous earth ceramic body (1) has a diameter of 12cm, inner diameter 4cm, thickness 4cm, length biomass reactor ( 7) Design and arrange according to the height. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the height 10 of the buyer mass reactor is subtracted from the total volume of the biomass reactor, the gas purifier volume 9 (about 5% of the reactor volume) that purifies the gas generated from the biomass. The peak of the biomass volume in the reactor is raised. On the other hand, the volume of the biomass gas generation purifier is set to 5% of the reactor volume, and the outlet 6 of the digested biomass solution is installed at the highest point of the biomass solution. In order to obtain a slow rotational force by using the inlet pressure of the biomass solution, a 45-degree wave form at the center of the holder width of the bottom of the diatomaceous earth ceramic body holder 3 installed at an angle of 30 degrees along the rotation axis 2 is shown in FIG. The rotary blades 8 are installed to carry out solution stirring at zero power.

The biomass gas fermentation process is as shown in FIG. 5, and the chemical formula of generating the biomass gas in the biomass reactor 7 is as follows.

<Scheme of methane-producing bacteria>

4H _{2 ^{+ HCO 3 - + H + →}} CH 4 + 3H ₂ O

^{_{CH 3 COO - + H 2 O}} → CH 4 + HCO ₃

The reaction formula of methane producing bacteria is as follows.

^{_{2HC 3 CH 2 CH 2 COO -}} + 2H 2 O → 4CH 3 COO - + 2H + CH 4

The anaerobic conditions in the fermentation tank (biomass reactor 7) are maintained by intermittently blowing a part of the biomass gas generated at the bottom of the biomass reactor (7) and performing slow stirring with the rotary blade (8). By this operation, the solution concentration can be equalized and the growth temperature can be uniformed, and stable biomass gas can be generated. The biomass reactor 7 performs hot water pipes on the lower and side surfaces of the biomass reactor 7 to increase the contact effect between the cells (biofilm) adsorbed (fixed) to the diatomaceous earth cylindrical ceramic body and the biomass solution. Maintain a temperature of 35-55 ° C., which is a proper temperature for breeding anaerobic microorganisms including methane-producing bacteria. The discharge of the solution in the biomass reactor 7 is not the discharge by power but the overflow discharge by the inflow pressure proportional to the inflow from the hydrolysis tank, and by such a slow discharge to maintain the efficiency of biomass gas generation The contact effect between the diatomaceous earth cylindrical rod ceramic body (1) and a solution is improved. Fermentation in the biomass reactor is not easily affected by the concentration of organic matter or load, but is affected by nitrogen concentration and growth environment temperature. Flow into the reactor (7). The growth environment temperature can be continuously maintained by installing the heating system in the reactor 7.

The present invention uses a diatomaceous earth ceramic body, which is a porous mineral, as a carrier for anaerobic microorganisms including methane-producing bacteria, thereby improving biomass gas generation efficiency and simultaneously decomposing organic matter and converting biomass gas generation by microorganisms. It works. In addition, by improving the generation efficiency of biomass gas in the biomass reactor, it is possible to utilize high-methane methane gas obtained by the gas generation treatment of biomass as alternative energy, and to reduce carbon dioxide emission and fossil fuel consumption. do. In addition, there is an effect that can be utilized as an effective energy source without incineration of organic waste derived from living things including food waste.

Claims (4)

A biomass reactor, wherein a diatomaceous earth ceramic body, which is a porous mineral, is used as a carrier for anaerobic microorganisms including methane-producing bacteria in order to increase biomass gas generation efficiency. 12. The diatomaceous earth ceramic body holder according to claim 1, having a rotating shaft (2) at the center of the biomass reactor (7) and circumferentially rotating inside the cylinder of the reactor at intervals of 30 degrees radially about the rotating shaft (2). (3), each diatomaceous earth ceramic body holder (3) is formed in the form of a mesh to arrange the diatomaceous earth ceramic body (1) therein, and the center of the holder width of the bottom of the diatomaceous earth ceramic body holder has a wave angle of 45 degrees Biomass reactor, characterized in that it has a rotary blade (8) of the form. The biomass reactor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the diatomaceous earth ceramics body is processed into a cylindrical rod shape and used. In the method for producing a biomass gas using a biomass reactor, a biofilm is formed by contacting anaerobic microorganisms including methane-producing bacteria in the pores of the diatomaceous earth ceramic body by using the diatomaceous earth ceramic body 1 as a carrier. A method of producing biomass gas by contacting an anaerobic microorganism comprising a biomass solution and methane producing bacteria.

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