KR20070022708A - Tool for machining workpieces by chip removal - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tool for processing a workpiece while removing chips. The body which is rotated during the processing of the workpiece is provided with a cartridge which is screwed in. According to the invention, the screw means is arranged in the main body of the tool and is supported by the fixing means including the support surface, thereby enabling a good dispersion of the force obtained at the time of fixing the cartridge.

Tool, workpiece, chip removal, screw means, cartridge, body, fixing means, force distribution

Description

TOOL FOR MACHINING WORKPIECES BY CHIP REMOVAL}

The present invention relates to a tool for processing a workpiece while removing a chip, according to claim 1.

Tools for machining the workpiece with chips removed, in particular the milling head, are generally arranged in a distributed form around the circumference of the cutting means. Cutting means are often cutting plates of polycrystalline diamonds (PCD), light metals, and the like, and are fixed to cartridges disposed in the recesses of the milling head.

The connection between the cutting means and the body of the tool is susceptible to high loads, in particular by large forces generated in industrial manufacture, which can change the position of the cutting means relative to the body of the tool, This deviation from will reduce machining accuracy.

The load on the connection is generated on the one hand by the high speed of the workpiece to be machined and the toughness or hardness, and on the other hand by the high speed of the tool. Therefore, a load of approximately 1 ton is applied to the connection portion between the cutting means cartridge and the main body of the tool at the speed of 30,000 rpm only by centrifugal force.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the reliability and increase the machining precision for tools of the type described above.

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 2. Furthermore, preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The invention relates to a tool according to the preamble of claim 1. The present invention is characterized in that the screw means for fixing the cutting means cartridge is supported by the main body of the tool by the fixing means including the support surface.

The advantage of this feature is that, in comparison with securing the cutting means to the body, better distribution of force in the fastening area of the threaded connection of the tool to the body can be achieved by the thread.

For this purpose, the screw means is arranged radially, which is the preferred form of the body of the tool. Here, the fixing means of the screw means is preferably arranged radially inward with respect to the position of the cartridge. The advantage of this is that the screw means can be a relatively simple embodiment, for example the screw has a thickened area in the form of a head, forming a fastening means in which the head of the screw interacts with the body of the tool. Such a screw head can be enlarged more advantageously by using additional means to enlarge the support area, for example shims and the like.

However, fastening means having a region thickened in the form of a head and adapted to support the body of the tool can also be considered. The area of the threaded means thickened in the form of a head need not have a cylindrical shape for this purpose, but can be designed, for example, as a bent plate, the support area being for example a parallax recess of the body of the tool. It is shaped along the radius of the (parallax recess). This provides an optimal surface with a component of force distributed almost uniformly around the entire circumference between the support area of the screw means and the body of the tool.

An opening may be formed in the body of the tool in a radial direction, which is a hole drilled in the simplest manner.

In a variant, the radially aligned opening for the screw means can be designed as an axially extending open slot, which allows the screw means to be axially inserted into the end face of the body of the tool. . At the same time, it also enables axial positioning of the cutting body.

The opening formed in the form of a slot in the body of the tool for the screw means is preferably designed such that the tilting moment generated during operation of the tool does not adversely affect the positioning of the cutting means. For example, this is achieved by recessing of a slot that is sufficiently long or the tool body, and the region of the threaded means thickened in the form of a head may have a conical hole arrangement. Supporting areas designed to ensure adequate support for the generated tilting moments and to have a sufficiently wide surface can also be considered.

The region of the threaded means in which the thread is provided can directly engage and interact with the thread disposed on the cartridge. However, for additional threading means for acting on the thread, for example in the case of male threads, a nut or other screw which is opposite to the first support area and has an additional support area for fixing the cartridge to the tool body is to be considered. It may be. This may be the case, for example, when the screw means has a female thread.

In order to secure the cartridge to the tool body, the cartridge may be provided with a recess, which provides a recess for actuating the screw means to be received without protruding in the cartridge.

In a particular embodiment, the cartridge comprises two or more parts, each one of which is displaceable on a plane of displacement, preferably on a plane of displacement, relative to the other, the force component being tightened when the screwing means are tightened. The force component acting on the part and acting on the two parts of the cartridge in the opposite direction is fixed to the body of the tool by the screw means such that a force component is generated in the displacement plane on both parts of the cartridge. For this purpose, clamping means can be designed, for example wedge means which are displaced from one another by a wedge face lying in the plane of displacement and press against the wall of the recess.

An advantage of this is that the cartridge can be clamped to the body more stably compared to the case of an integrated cartridge, for example.

To this end, a stop face is provided in the portion of the at least one cartridge that supports the wall of the recess formed in the body of the tool for each cartridge with the clamping means clamped. In particular, the cutting means is arranged in part of these one or more cartridges. Thus, the cutting means have the advantage that they can be accurately and clearly positioned in the circumferential direction. In this case, the head of the screw means can be arranged essentially radially outward or inward.

In another preferred embodiment, the cross section of the recess for the cartridge can be reduced radially outward in one direction. This provides an additional wedge shape when the tip of the wedge is aligned radially outward in the body so that the generated centrifugal force wedges the cartridge in the tool body and the wedge member is always supported on the side wall of the recess.

In principle, the screw means have elastic action, in particular in the axial extension, the longitudinal extension of the axial extension can be predetermined as a function of the centrifugal force with speed. Thus, the cutting means can be positioned taking into account the longitudinal expansion of the screw means occurring at a given operating speed. This means that the cartridge supporting the cutting means can be pre-tensioned at the time of assembly of the tool such that it is in a range that provides the correct machining dimensions for machining the workpiece at the speed specified for the application.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a tool for processing a workpiece while removing a chip, wherein the cartridge-supported cutting means is fixed to the main body of the tool by screwing means.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 and is seen from another plane.

3 is a diagram illustrating a modification of FIG. 1.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a possible embodiment of the present invention. The tool 1 here comprises a tool body 2 in which a cartridge 3 comprising cutting means is arranged in a cartridge holder 4 provided for holding and fixed by means of screw means 5. The tool body 2 is arranged radially outward and a portion 2A of the tool body in which the cartridge holder 4 for the cartridge 3 is formed, and the fixing means arranged radially inward and screwed in the screw means. It consists of the part 2B of the 2nd tool main body which makes a screw means support by 6A of support surfaces formed in (6). Here, the support surface is formed in the region 7 of the screw means 5 thickened in the form of a head and faces towards the part 2B of the body. The screw means 5 can be rotated around the screw means axis 8 in both directions indicated by the arrows 9 for securing or releasing the cartridge 3.

The screw means 5 are rotated in a recess 10 arranged in the tool body 2 and can be inserted by means of actuation means (here socket head 11). The socket head, which is illustratively shown, may optionally be arranged on the end face of the threaded means in radially inner and / or outer regions of the tool body.

As the screw means is rotated around the shaft 8, the thread 12 is tightened or loosened accordingly. To this end, male threads are formed in the screw means 5 and corresponding female threads are formed in the cassette portion 3A of the cartridge 3.

When the thread 12 is tightened, the portion 3A of the cartridge is pulled radially inward in the direction of the arrow 13 with respect to the tool body 2. Then, pressing the displacement plane 14 at an angle with the portion 3B of the second cartridge in the range of 90 ° to 180 ° with respect to the screw means axis 8. This angle is such that the displacement plane 14 is placed so that both parts 3A, 3B of the cartridge are displaced with respect to each other by the fixing action of the screwing means 5, approximately perpendicular to the ground and the cassette holder. An inclined support surface is provided to be pressed against a corresponding outer surface facing the side wall of (4). When the cartridge 3 is fixed, the moving direction of the portion 3A of the cartridge is indicated by an arrow 15 and the moving direction of the portion 3B of the cartridge is indicated by an arrow 16.

In this embodiment, the screw means 5 is guided from the radially inner side to the outer side through the recess 10 in the tool body 2. After passing through the bottom area of the part 2B of the tool body and the part 2A of the tool body, it penetrates the cartridge holder 4 by the threaded part. Then, it is guided radially outward through the recess 10 also formed in the portion 3B of the cartridge, and is finally engaged with the male thread of the portion 3A of the cartridge until the above-described fixing process is completed. .

In a variant of this screw means holder, for example, the recess 10 is designed in the form of a slot. The slot is opened in the end face of the tool, for example a milling head, so that the screw means can be inserted into the milling head from the end face together with both parts 3A, 3B of the cartridge, if necessary.

However, the slot can be considered to be designed as an orifice that closes the outer periphery. That is, access to the recess 10 is only possible from the radially outer or inner side. In this embodiment the head 7 of the screw means 5 can be designed elongate, in which case both longitudinal sides are proximate to each other so that the head 7 is tooled from the outside through the slotted recess 10. It can be inserted into the body (2). After the head 7 reaches the hollow region of the tool main body 2 located radially inward of the portion 2B of the main body, it is rotated 90 degrees to become a corresponding arrangement as shown in FIG. This embodiment can be considered especially for tools with relatively small outer diameters.

In order to improve the transmission of the force by the screw means 5 of the tool body 2 when fixing the cartridge 3, the part 2B of the tool body is made of a material which is more resistant than the part 2A of the tool body. Can be made. As a result, the force transmitted from the screw means 5 via the supporting surface 6A to the portion 2B of the tool body can be absorbed more effectively.

2 shows that a plurality of cartridges 3 are arranged in the tool main body 2 by the cartridge fixing according to the present invention. Only the central cartridge is shown in the figure, along with the associated screw means 5 and the area of the tool body 2 surrounding it. In FIG. 2 the remaining members defining this area on the left and right of the interface 17 are shown as viewed from the end face of the milling head. Cutting means in the form of PCD, for example, are indicated here by reference 18 and the chip removal area is indicated by reference 19.

In the figure, it can be clearly seen that the tool 1 is fitted to the outer circumference of the tool body 2 by a plurality of cartridges 3. In this case, the radially inner region formed around the longitudinal axis of the tool, ie the milling head, is formed out of material, ie outside the hollow axial extension portion.

Thus, the screw means 5 can be inserted from the radially inner side to the outer side through the recess 10 in the manner described above. The cartridges 3 shown at the left and right of the central area of the figure are arranged face to face in the slotted recesses 10, and these slots are opened toward the end faces of the tool, so that the parts 3A and 3B of the cartridges screwed together are After the loose unit and the threaded means 5 have been inserted into the end face of the milling head, they can be fixed.

3 shows another embodiment of the invention, wherein the screw means 5 is designed as a screw bolt with a differential thread. The differential thread consists of two threads 20, 21 having different pitches. This forms a relative motion between the cartridge and the tool body 2 when the threaded means 5 in the form of a screw bolt are screwed in, and the cartridge 3 can be fixed radially to the tool body 2. Since the cartridge is formed from two or more wedge-shaped portions 3A and 3B in this embodiment, the above-described wedge effect can be obtained in the cartridge holder 4.

FIG. 3 shows the screw means 5 in the form of a screw bolt and joined at a large outer diameter G1 at the cartridge 3 and at a small diameter G3 at the tool body 2. However, this configuration is not essential. The large outer diameter G1 can also be arranged in the tool body so that the threaded bolt can be threaded from radially inward to outward. Then, the so-called "head area" of the screw bolt is arranged closer to the radial axis closer to the rotation axis of the tool 1, depending on its shape. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a tool having a large outer diameter G1.

In the embodiments described above, the screw means 5 may be formed in the tool body 2, so that it can be operated from the inside and / or outside, for example in the form of both socket heads 11.

Explanation of References

1 tool 2 tool body

Part of 2A tool body Part of 2B tool body

3 Cartridge Part of 3A Cartridge

Part 4 cartridge holder of 3B cartridge

5 Screw means 6 Fastening means

6A support surface 7 head

8 screw means shaft 9 arrow

10 recessed 11 socket heads

12 Thread 13 Arrow

14 Displacement Plane 15 Arrows

16 arrow 17 interface

18 Cutting means 19 Chip removal area

20 Thread 21 Thread

Claims (11)

Tool 1 for processing a work piece while removing a chip, comprising a tool body 2 rotating during processing of the work piece, and a cartridge 3 having cutting means and fixed to the tool body 2 by screw means. To The tool, characterized in that the screw means (5) having fastening means (6) with a supporting surface (6A) is supported by the tool body (2). The method of claim 1, The cartridge 3 comprises two or more parts, the two or more cartridge parts 3A and 3B, respectively, being displaceable with respect to one another in the displacement plane 14 and by the screw means 5 the tool body 5. Fixed to (2), when the screw means 5 is tightened, a force component acts on the two or more cartridge parts 3A, 3B, and the displacement surface 14 has a force component acting in both directions on both cartridges. Tool to be generated in portions 3A and 3B. The method according to claim 1 or 2, Said screw means (5) are arranged radially on said tool body (2). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The tool (5), characterized in that the fastening means (6) of the screw means (5) are arranged radially inward with respect to the position of the cartridge (3). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The tool characterized in that the fastening means (6) comprise an area of the screw means (5), thickened in the form of a head. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, The tool, characterized in that the screw means (5) can be inserted radially into the tool body (20). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The tool as claimed in claim 5, wherein the screw means can be inserted axially into the tool body. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, The tool (5), characterized in that the screw means (5) are accessible via a recess of the cartridge (3) for its operation. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, Said screw means (5) being designed as a differential threaded bolt having two differential threads (20, 21). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, One or more cartridge parts are provided with a stop face, which is supported on the wall of the recess (4) formed in the tool body (2) for each cartridge (3) when the screw means are clamped. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, The tool, characterized in that the cross section of the recess (4) for the cartridge (3) is reduced radially outward.

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