KR20070018082A - Covering element, method and machine to produce said covering element - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the invention, synthetics are at least partially covered by hides, leathers, their by-products, counterfeit hides, or finishing layers 12 of natural or synthetic fabrics attached on the support 11 by adhesives 13. A covering element 10 is provided for the surfaces, including a support 11 made of material.

Cloth elements, finishing layers, adhesives, hides, leather

Description

Covering element, method and machine to produce said covering element

The present invention provides a tile, strip, spline, tesera with a finishing layer composed of hide, artificial hide, leather, natural or synthetic fibers. To a cladding element).

The present invention can be used to cover the floors and / or walls of buildings, but is not limited thereto; For this reason, it is relevant to the present invention even if it is used in various other fields for covering facilities such as furniture and other objects, for example.

Tiles having a finishing layer made of sunburned animal hides, or leather or made of fibers or other similar materials are known to be used to cover the floors and / or walls of buildings.

These tiles include a support made of multilayer wood with a layer of hide applied by adhesive, clinching or nailing and have a thickness of 1.5 to 3 cm.

The first disadvantage of these tiles is the need for using a support made of wood with adequate consistency and the high cost created by the technique of attaching a hide to the support.

The use of wood supports and attachment techniques is limited in construction because it is not possible to obtain coating elements of limited size, such as the size of Tessera used for mosaic coating.

Another disadvantage is the change in the size of the wood with changes in temperature and humidity. This change causes cracking, buckling or warping of the tile in certain circumstances and for a long time.

One object of the present invention is to provide a coating element with a hide, leather, the hide or by-products of the hide, artificial hides, or natural or synthetic fibers, which can be produced in a shape different from the limited size, including thickness. You get it at cost.

It is a further object of the present invention to obtain a coating element having a fabric material or similar material that is easily covered and resistant and stable, regardless of the difference in temperature and humidity.

Applicant has devised an invention which overcomes the disadvantages of the art and achieves these objects and advantages.

The invention expresses essential features of the independent claims and the other novel features of the invention in the dependent claims.

The coating element according to the invention comprises a support which is at least partly covered by a hide, leather, by-products thereof, artificial hydro or a finishing layer consisting of natural or synthetic fibers fixed by an adhesive.

According to one feature of the invention, the finishing layer covers the front and peripheral edges of the support of the coating element.

According to another feature, the finishing layer is folded downwards towards the bottom surface of the support to cover at least a portion of the bottom surface proximate the peripheral edge.

Advantageously, the support is a synthetic material, such as polyester reinforced with fiberglass (FRP), or a herb, such as stone, glass, ceramic, brick, or rice, corn, beans, etc., except wood. It is made of a substantially hard and stable material which can be natural materials obtained from plants.

The thickness of the finishing layer is preferably from 0.1 mm to several mm, for example from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and the thickness of the support is on the order of several mm depending on the different sizes (length and width) of the covering element, The total thickness is less than 1 cm.

In one embodiment, when the support is made of FRP, the adhesive used to attach the finishing layer is based on a polychloroprene adhesive added with an adhesive to polyvinylchloride (PVC).

According to another embodiment, a diluent is also added to the polychloroprene adhesive.

According to another embodiment, the adhesive used is an aqueous polyurethane adhesive which can be reactivated by heat at a temperature of, for example, 60-70 ° C.

Application of the finishing layer with an adhesive can reduce the time and costs of manufacturing the coating elements in relation to the state of the art.

These construction features have a shape and size substantially having a rectangular or square surface with sides of, for example, 2 cm to 40 cm, and it is possible to obtain cladding elements that significantly increase the variety and possibilities of the present invention.

According to another embodiment, the finishing layer covers only a portion of the front side of the support, while the rest of the front side is covered by an insert made of another material such as wood, metal, glass or the like.

According to yet another embodiment, the covering element comprises a base substrate to which a plurality of supports at least partially covered by said finishing layer have been applied.

In an embodiment of the invention, the supports are arranged slightly apart from each other to define a plurality of intermediate grooves and have dimensions associated with the dimensions of the mosaic tecera.

According to the first embodiment, the base substrate is made of a substantially hard natural or synthetic material.

According to another embodiment, the base substrate consists of at least partially flexible natural or synthetic material, allowing the coating element to adhere to any surface in an optimal manner.

According to another feature of the invention, when the area of the front surface of the support is about 100 cm 2 or more, the method of manufacturing the covering element described above comprises: a first step in which the support is made to the desired shape and size; A second step wherein the finishing layer is formed to cover the desired portion of the front side of the support, the desired portion of the peripheral edge and the desired portion of the bottom surface; A third step of spreading adhesive on the surfaces of the support; The previously formed finishing layer comprises: a fourth step of positioning and attaching on the front surface of the support; A fifth step of folding and flipping the lip of the finishing layer to cover at least the peripheral edges of the support; And a sixth possible step of folding the leaves downward to attach to the bottom surface of the support.

The fifth step, and possibly the sixth step, is preferably carried out using a blade-type folder machine, with the finishing layer held in the normal position by the suction means.

Conversely, when the area in front of each support is smaller than 100 cm 2, the method preferably makes a plurality of coating elements simultaneously. In this case, the other supports with surfaces already glued in the first step are arranged on one plane such that they are adjacent and separated from each other by a predetermined distance; In a second step a single sheet of finishing material is stacked on the front sides of the other supports; In a third step a single sheet is cut to size to form a finishing layer for each of the other supports; Each finishing layer covers the peripheral edges of each support and is folded down with respect to the relative bottom surface.

Preferably, the other steps of the methods shown above are performed using an automatic machine provided with a pressure means capable of pressing the finishing layer against the supports and a heating means capable of heating the adhesive to reactivate the adhesive. .

These and other features of the present invention are given as non-limiting examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will become apparent from the following description of the preferred forms of embodiments.

1 is a three-dimensional view of the cladding element according to the invention;

2 shows a cross section from A to A of FIG. 1;

3 is an enlarged detail view of a modified cladding element according to the invention;

4 is a top exploded view of the coating layer overlying the support making the coating element of FIG. 3;

5 is a schematic view of a machine for simultaneously making a plurality of cladding elements according to the invention;

6 shows a coating element of another variant according to the invention;

FIG. 7 is a portion from B to B of FIG. 6;

8 shows a modification of FIG. 7.

In connection with the appended drawings, reference numeral 10 generally denotes a covering element according to the invention, which is used for covering the surfaces of buildings, such as floors or walls, such as furniture.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cladding element 10 is tiled, substantially flat, and made of a support made of a rigid synthetic material, such as a plastic resin, covered by a hydrophobic finishing layer 12. 11).

Preferably, the support 11 is substantially parallelepiped, for example in the field of the invention, even if it provides other forms of the support 11 and the covering element 10, for example 2.5 × 2.5; 5 × 5; 10 × 10; 20 × 20; It has a square base of 30 × 30 cm 2 or a rectangular base of up to 30 × 40 cm 2.

More precisely, in the embodiment, the finishing layer 12 surrounds the outwardly facing front face 11a and the peripheral edge 11b of the support 11 and is attached on the support by the adhesive 13.

In a preferred embodiment, the support 11 is made of glass fiber reinforced polyester (FRP), or semi-expanded PVC, or semi-expanded polyurethane, 12) is attached onto the support by an adhesive based on polychloroprene adhesive with an adhesive to the PVC and a diluent added.

Preferably, the adhesive has more than 50% of polychloroprene adhesive, 10% to 40% of the adhesive to PVC, and 5% to 20% of the diluent.

In the field of the present invention, other types of covering elements 10 are provided, which have a fairly limited size, for example strips, splines and the like.

The use of the support 11 of synthetic material, preferably formed by molding, and the use of the adhesive 13 applied to the hide layer 12, on the one hand, produce the covering elements 10 in planar and curved form. And on the other hand it is possible to make the cladding elements 10 with sizes substantially equivalent to the sizes of Tessera for the mosaic.

According to the variant shown in FIG. 3, the finishing layer 12 comprises side lips 12a folded under the bottom face 11c of the support 12, opposite the front face 11a.

4 shows a preferred form of the finishing layer 12 associated with the support 11. It can be seen that the size S corresponds to the thickness of the support 11 and the size L corresponds to the size of the leaves 12a folded under the bottom surface 11c.

When the area of the front face 11a is about 100 cm 2 or more, for example in the form of 10 × 10 cm 2, the method of making the covering element 10 comprises a first step in which the support 11 is of the desired shape and size. do.

Individually, the finishing layer 12 is formed by taking the form, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, so that the support portions adjacent to the desired portions of the front face 11a, the peripheral edge 11b and the peripheral edge 11b ( At least a portion of the bottom surface 11c of 11) may be covered.

At least the surfaces 11a and 11c of the support 11 are sprayed with an adhesive 13 in the form of heat reactivation, for example, and if possible the adhesive 13 is also sprayed on the peripheral edge 11b. .

The previously shaped finishing layer 12 is then positioned and attached onto the front face 11a of the support 11 by conventional pressure means. In this step, the adhesive 13 is preferably reactivated by generating heat such as electrical resistance or blowing hot air.

In the next step the leaves 12a of the finishing layer 12 are folded back to cover at least the peripheral edge 11b of the support 11.

In the last possible step, the leaves 12a are folded down so that the adhesive 13 adheres to the bottom surface of the support 11 already present (FIG. 3).

In contrast, when the area of the front face 11a of each support is smaller than 100 cm 2, the method preferably makes a plurality of sheathing elements 10 simultaneously. In this case, the other supports 11 with surfaces sprinkled with the adhesive 13 in the first step are arranged on one plane, for example the plane of the lower plate 21 of the automatic machine 20, The supports are adjacent to and separated from each other by a predetermined distance.

In this case, the lower plate 21 comprises four seatings 22 that can receive four supports 11. Made of the material that will make up the finishing layer of each cladding element 10, the single sheet 12 indicated by the dashed lines in FIG. 5 lies on the front faces 11a of the other supports 11. Then, in the next step, each sheet 12 is cut by the upper mold 25 with four punches 26 provided with cutting blades and arranged in correspondence with the seatings 22. .

The upper mold 25 moves near the lower plate 21 in a conventional manner so that the cutting blades of the punches 26 fit the four finishing layers 12 placed on the four supports 11 in size. Can be cut. During this downward movement of the upper mold 25, the pressure elements 28 and 29 arranged in correspondence with the seatings 22 and the punches 26 are each finished layer 12 with respect to the corresponding support 11. ) And allows the finishing layer to be attached by an adhesive 13 sprayed onto the surfaces 11a, 11b and 11c of the support 11.

Using the next upward movement of the lower pressure elements 28 and the upper pressure elements 29, the supports 11 enter into a cavity made inside the punches 26, so that the leaves 12a Fold back on the edges 11b.

The pressure elements 28 and 29 are provided with electrical resistances therein that can be selectively activated by heating and reactivating the adhesive 13.

6, 7 and 8 show a covering element 110 that will include a substrate 14 attached by adhering a plurality of supports 11 of limited size covered by the finishing layer 12. Illustrated. The supports 11 are located slightly apart from each other, forming a plurality of intermediate grooves 15 arranged in a lattice form, giving a decorative mosaic effect on the covering element 110.

According to the first embodiment, the substrate 14 is made of a substantially rigid material, such as plastic or metal, such that the covering element 110 takes the form of a tile or panel depending on its size.

According to the variant shown in FIG. 8, the substrate 14 is made of a flexible material such as natural or synthetic rubber, and the coating element 110 can be modified to suit the applied surface.

The presence of the substrate 14 and the intermediate grooves 15 made of a flexible material can model the cladding element 110 as desired, and is quite accurate and easily curved or bent in relation to the fixture or cylinder. The coating element can be used to continuously coat them.

Partial variations and / or additions may be made to the coating element 10 as described so far without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, the hide layer 12, fabric or other similar material may cover only a portion of the outer surface 11a of the support 11, and the remaining portion of the outer surface 11a may be wood, metal, glass or other material. It may be covered by the insertion of another material such as.

In addition, the hide layer 12, fabric or other similar material may have a substantially decorative, colored, mark or other personalized pattern.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with specific embodiments, those skilled in the art can obtain many other equivalent forms of covering element having the features indicated in the claims and protected by the claims.

Claims (21)

At least, a support 11 having a front face 11a, a peripheral edge 11b and a bottom face 11c, and hides, leathers, hides or by-products of the leather, artificial hides, or natural Or as a coating element for covering the surfaces, comprising a finishing layer 12 of synthetic fiber, The finishing layer 12 at least partially covers the front face 11a and the peripheral edge 11b of the support 11, and the finishing layer 12 is supported by the adhesive 13 to support the support 11. A sheathing element attached to the shell). The coating element according to claim 1, wherein the finishing layer (12) at least partially covers the bottom layer (11c). 3. The finishing layer (12) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the finishing layer (12) covers only a portion of the front surface (11a) of the support (11), and the remaining portion of the front surface (11a) is of the finishing layer (12). A cladding element, characterized by being covered by an insert made of a material different from the material. The thickness of the finishing layer 12 is between 0.1 millimeters and several millimeters and the thickness of the support 11 is about several millimeters so that the overall thickness of the covering element 10 is A cladding element, characterized in that less than one centimeter. The cladding element according to claim 1, wherein the support is made of a substantially hard and stable material which can be a synthetic material or a natural material. 6. A coating element according to claim 5, wherein the natural material is one of stones, glass, ceramics, bricks or natural materials obtained from herbaceous plants such as rice, corn and soybeans. 6. The synthetic material of claim 5, wherein the synthetic material is a fiber glass, or semi-expended PVC, or a polyester reinforced with a semi-expanded polyurethane. Cladding elements. 8. A coating element according to claim 7, wherein the adhesive (13) has a polychloroprene adhesive base. 9. A coating element according to claim 8, wherein an adhesive for polyvinylchloride (PVC) is added to the polychloroprene adhesive. 10. A coating element according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a diluent is added to said polychloroprene adhesive. Coating element according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the adhesive (13) comprises an aqueous polyurethane adhesive which can be reactivated with heat. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the covering element also comprises a base substrate (14) to which the plurality of the supports (11) coated at least partially by the finishing layer (12) is applied. Covering element. 13. A cladding element according to claim 12, characterized in that the supports (11) are slightly spaced apart from each other to define a plurality of intermediate grooves (15). 14. A cladding element according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that each of the supports (11) has a size associated with the dimensions of the mosaic tessera. The cladding element according to claim 12, wherein the base substrate is made of a substantially hard natural or synthetic material. The cladding element according to claim 12, wherein the base substrate is made of at least partially flexible natural or synthetic material. A coating element comprising a support 11 at least partially covered with hide, leather, the hide or by-products of the hide, artificial hides, or natural or synthetic fibers attached to the support 11 by an adhesive 13. As a method of manufacturing (10), The method is: A first step in which the support (11) is made of a front surface (11a) of at least 100 cm 2 in a desired shape and size; A second layer formed such that the finishing layer 12 covers the desired portion of the front face 11a of the support 11, the desired portion of the peripheral edge 11b and the desired portion of the bottom surface 11c. step; A third step of spraying the adhesive (13) on the surfaces of the support (11); The previously formed finishing layer (12) comprises: a fourth step of being located and attached on the front surface of the support (11); And a fifth step in which the lips (12a) of the finishing layer (12) are folded upside down to cover at least the peripheral edges (11b) of the support (11). . 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the method comprises a sixth step of folding the bottoms such that the leaves 12a of the finishing layer 12 are at least partially attached to the bottom surface 11c of the support 11. And further comprising a coating element. 19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the fifth step, and possibly the sixth step, is advantageously performed using blade-type folder machines while the finishing layer is held in the normal position by the suction means. Method for producing a coating element, characterized in that. Each of the hides, leathers, hides or by-products of the leathers, artificial hides, or natural or synthetic fibers, having a front face 11a smaller than 100 cm 2, attached to the support 11 by an adhesive 13. A method of simultaneously manufacturing a plurality of cladding elements (10) comprising a support (11) at least partially covered by a finishing layer (12), The method is: The plurality of supports (11) having surfaces already sprayed with the adhesive (13) are arranged on one plane such that they are adjacent and separated from each other by a predetermined distance; A second step of stacking a single sheet of finishing material on the front surfaces (11a) of the plurality of supports (11); A third step wherein said single sheet is cut to size to form a finishing layer (12) for each support of said plurality of supports (11); A plurality of cladding elements, characterized in that each finishing layer 12 comprises a fourth step covering the peripheral edges 11b of each support 11 and folded down relative to the relative bottom surface 11c. How to manufacture them at the same time. A machine for automatically performing at least some steps of a method according to any of claims 17 to 20, The method includes pressure means 28, 29 capable of pressing the finishing layer 12 against each of the supports 11, and heating means capable of heating the adhesive to reactivate the adhesive. Machine characterized in that.

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