KR20070015944A - Hybrid electric reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

“Hybrid electric magnetoresistance” characterized by having opposing coils 8 in the stator 1 and / or rotor 2 and permanent magnets 9 that are parallel and opposing the coils 8. Motor "; When energy is applied to the stators 1 of the motor and / or the coils 8 of the rotors 2, the magnetic fluxes or magnetic fields of the magnets 9 are magnetic fluxes of the coils 8 in the air gap. Field or magnetic field, thus generating “same” or greater torque by the magnetic flux of the magnets or the contribution of the magnetic field; When no energy is applied to the stators 1 and / or the rotors 2 of the motor, the magnetic fluxes or magnetic fields of the magnets 9 become a function of time as a result of a decrease in current which is a function of time. It enters the toroid in connection with and in proportion to the same flux reduction in the coils 8.

Hybrid electric motor, magnetoresistance, opposing coil, permanent magnet

Description

HYBRID ELECTRIC RELUCTANCE MOTOR

This specification discusses invention patents that describe hybrid electric motors of the type that can be used in the most changing fields of human activity. More generally, this patent also discusses electrical devices having opposing coils in the stator or rotor and opposing permanent magnets parallel to the coils.

In the prior art, electrical machines are associated with a process known as "electromechanical energy conversion" and, therefore, in connection with the electrical machine and the connection between the electrical system and the mechanical system.

Conversion is reversible on these machines. That is, if the transformation is from mechanical to electrical, the machine is called a generator, and if the transformation is from electrical to mechanical, the machine is called a motor, which is why this type of machine can operate as a generator or motor. If the system is alternating current, it is called alternating current machine. If direct current, it is called direct current machine (generator or motor).

Within the two classes described above, there are various motors and generators, including those using permanent magnets to generate magnetic flow.

Permanent magnets are used as magnets in the stator and coils in the rotor in electric machines (motors or generators), or as magnets in the rotor and coils in the stator, which are less space than electromagnets with iron cores and copper wire coils Because it occupies, it wants to save space.

Magnets are generally divided and employed for reasons of space saving. Permanent magnets are also used to slightly increase the efficiency of the motor because it does not have a coil and reduces heat losses due to 12R corresponding to this part of the motor with the magnet.

In general, the problem found in these motors that rely on permanent magnets is that the magnetic field flow can be controlled from minimum to maximum or vice versa, compared to the case of electromagnets which produce a fully controllable flow because they react to current and coil turns. In addition to the fact that the magnetic field flow generated by the magnet is fixed and permanent.

In conventional motors using permanent magnets, low current corresponds to low magnetic flux, and high current corresponds to high magnetic flux.

Thus, for example, it is impossible to produce a series motor if the stator consists of permanent magnets and the rotor consists of coils or vice versa.

In various types of series motors of variable speed (rotator coils in series with stator coils) operating only with electromagnets, the amperage decreases with decreasing voltage, and for this reason, the motor speed Is proportionally reduced, including back EMF. On the contrary, when the voltage rises, the amperage number increases and thus, including the counter electromotive force, the speed increases proportionally.

In a motor with permanent magnets located in a stator or rotor coil, the counter electromotive force is proportional to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet but not controllable.

In view of this problem, the permanent magnet is located in a variable speed motor because when the current is cut off from the motor the motor continues to rotate due to the presence of a fixed magnetic field of the magnet which in most cases generates negative back EMF by inertia. Not desirable

In view of the above disadvantages, the objects and advantages of the invention patents discussing hybrid electric magnetoresistive motors will become more apparent by the figures listed below.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, one aspect of the present invention is directed to opposing coils 8 in stator 1 and / or rotor 2 and permanent magnets parallel and opposing to said coils 8. It provides a hybrid electric magnetoresistive motor, characterized in that 9).

In a preferred embodiment, when energy is applied to the coils 8 of the stators 1 and / or the rotors 2 of the motor, the magnetic fluxes or magnetic fields of the magnets 9 are coiled in the air gap. Coupled to the magnetic fluxes or magnetic fields of the poles 8, thus producing a " same " or larger torque by the contribution of the magnetic flux or magnetic field of the magnets.

Also in a preferred embodiment, when no energy is applied to the stators 1 and / or the rotors 2 of the motor, the magnetic fluxes or magnetic fields of the magnets 9 are of a decrease in current as a function of time. As a result it is characterized by entering the toroid in relation to and in proportion to the same flux reduction in the coils 8 as a function over time.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section of a hybrid electric motor similar to that proposed in the patent of the invention corresponding to the cross section along line A-A in FIG. 2.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section of a hybrid electric motor proposed in the present invention patent corresponding to a view along line B-B in FIG. 1.

3 shows a cross section along line C-C in FIG. 1, where arrow A indicates magnetic flux in the toroid.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section along the line D-D in FIG. 1, where arrow B indicates the magnetic flux of the coil in the air gap which produces magnetic flux and torque.

5 shows a first reproduction obtained based on the Finate Element Program.

6 shows a second reproduction obtained based on the same Finate Element Program.

7 shows a third reproduction obtained based on the Finate Element Program, showing a stator excited at 5000 AT.

FIG. 8 shows a fourth regeneration obtained based on the Finate Element Program, showing a motor excited at 2800 AT at 10 degrees.

9 shows a fifth reproduction obtained based on the Finate Element Program, where (a) represents a magnetic flux line and (b) represents a magnetic flux density.

10 shows a graph comparing torque and rotation of an electric motor with a magnet and an electric motor without a magnet.

11 shows another representative graph of an oscilloscope without magnets.

FIG. 12 shows a graph similar to the graph of FIG. 11 with a magnet.

13 shows a simplified graph of the motor controller discussed herein.

FIG. 14 shows a diagram of a microcontroller that is part of the controller schematically shown in FIG. 13.

15 shows a diagram of a power board associated with the operation of the motor, where a) represents "power supply", b) represents "power recovery", c) represents "from encoder" and d) represents "harmonic" Filter ", e) points to" motor ", f) points to" encoder to microcontroller ", and g) points to" optical coupler ".

As shown by the figures listed above, the hybrid electric motor discussed herein is formed by one or more steel sheet stators 1 with coils 8 and their respective steel sheet rotors 2 and As shown in Fig. 1-section AA-, the rotors 2 are mounted and arranged on a single shaft 3, each having a stator 1.

The stators 1 and the rotors 2 have an even number of slaient poles, as can be seen from Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 showing the cross sections AA, BB, CC and DD. Has

In this new type of motor the coils 8 are located in the outer circumferential surface or in the crown of the stator 1, as can be seen in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, as can be seen in FIG. Likewise, they are wound oppositely, where the arrows indicate the direction of the coil flux.

The permanent magnets 9 are located between each pole as shown in FIG. 2 showing the cross section BB, and are arranged parallel to the coils 8 as shown in FIG. 2 showing the cross section BB, This is the case where the coils are reversely wound as shown in Fig. 4 showing the cross section DD (magnetic flux direction).

When energy is applied to all the coils 8 of the stator at the same time, the magnetic flux generated by the coils is also reversed because the coils are reversed, as shown in FIG. 4 showing cross section D-D.

These magnetic fluxes generated by the coils 8 pass the leg path of the poles in the "air gap" direction. In this path, these magnetic fluxes meet the magnetic fluxes generated by the permanent magnets 9 in the toroidal direction as shown in FIG. 4 showing the cross-section D-D and in FIG. 5 which is made by the Finite Element computer program.

Since the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnets 9 are opposite to the magnetic flux of the coils 8 by having the same polarity as the coils, the coils and the false circuits form coils that form a closed circuit through the rotating poles to the fixed electrodes. The sum of the magnetic flux of the magnets leaves the toroids in the "air gap" direction within the resulting "air gap" offset by them, as shown in Figure 4 showing the cross section DD.

Thus, the magnetic fluxes are obtained with the same current required to produce the coil magnetic flux alone.

Magnetic contribution from the permanent magnet 9 increases the torque of the motor discussed herein. 6 and 7 generated by the Finite Element program show the state when the rotor 2 poles face the stator 1 poles.

With continued reference to FIG. 1, we can also know other basic components of the motor, which are indicated by reference numeral 4 in the figure, one of the keys 5, the bearing 6 and the case or body of the motor ( 7).

8 generated by the same Finite Element program shows the magnetic flux of magnets and electromagnets when the rotor 2 poles start to line up with the stator 1 poles. The same figure shows that the magnetic flux density at the pole is the same as the magnetic flux density found at the crown or core of the coil 8, whereas the pole cross section is twice the sum of the cross sections of the cores of the coils that carry the magnetic flux to this pole. It can be clearly understood from 6 and 7.

Although the cross section is doubled, the same magnetic flux density at these poles is due to the contribution of the magnetic flux of the magnets 9 parallel to the coil which transfers their magnetic flux to the poles and the air gap. This occurs with the same amperage turns requiring only coils, as can be seen in the graph of FIG. 10 (with or without magnets) generated by the Finite Element program, where the magnets when they are in the above-described state The increase in torque in the flux function of (9) can be clearly understood.

When the current is interrupted in the coils 8 of the stator 1, the magnetic fluxes generated by them fall specifically to zero at the poles. In this state, the magnetic flux of the magnet 9 enters the toroid in proportion to the decrease in the coils 8 and is generated in the finite element computer program in FIG. 9 and in FIG. The decrease in flux deceleration in (8) is a function of time.

Based on the above description, only as a result of the magnetic flux control of the coils 8 the magnetic fields of the magnets 9 are redirected from toroid to pole and from pole to toroid. Thus, as can be seen in the graphs of the oscilloscopes of FIGS. 11 and 12-11 with coils only and FIG. 12 with coils-generated with half-wave currents, the magnetic field or magnetic flux of the magnets 9 is a function of time. The coil 8 is controlled according to the increase or decrease of the current.

In the graph with the cycling indicated, it can be clearly seen that the magnetic flux or magnetic field increases when the magnet 9 is added to the system. This magnetic flux is the magnetic flux from the magnet 9 when in the above-mentioned state and when in the state of the present invention.

Thus, as shown in the graphs of the oscilloscopes of FIGS. 11 and 12, when the coil 8 current is generated, which produces a magnetic flux proportional to the current, the magnetic flux of the magnet 9 becomes the current magnet 9 of the coil 8. The magnetic flux of the magnets 9 also changes from the air gap to the toroid and from the toroid to the air by the conversion of the coil 8, with the advantage that the magnetic flux of? Leaves the toroid at the same rate as the magnetic flux in the coil 8 simultaneously. It is important to repeat the conversion to gaps as well.

As a result, as described above in this specification, the magnetic flux of the magnet 9 is combined with the magnetic flux of the coil 8 so that both magnetic fluxes are guided together into the air gap. When the current from the coil 8 is deactivated, the magnetic field or magnetic flux of the coil 8 decreases until it reaches zero in function of time, and therefore at the same time the air gap until it reaches zero in proportion to the decrease in magnetic flux in the coil. The magnetic flux or magnetic field of the magnet 9 simultaneously enters the toroid while reducing the magnetic flux therein.

Note that the same configuration of permanent magnets 9 parallel to the coils 8 can be used in the stator 1, in the rotor 2 or in the stator and rotor of an electric machine (motor or generator). It is important. Thus, in the above state, the permanent magnet 9 can be located not only in the stator 1 but also in the rotor 2 by the conversion of the magnetic flux of the magnet 9, some of which is done until it is proposed in the present invention. Did not.

Stator or stator 1 and steel sheet rotor or rotor 2 with coils 8 and permanent magnets 9 (opposing coils and permanent magnets parallel and opposite the coils) In an electrical machine called a hybrid magnetoresistive motor with a pole, the poles are converted into an encoder 11, a position sensor 12 for the rotor poles relative to the stator poles, and current sensors 13, as shown in FIG. 13. And in the stator or stator 1 by means of an electrical converter as shown in FIG. 13 with a microprocessor as shown in detail in FIG. 14 controlling these parameters as shown in FIG. 13.

13 also shows a) a pulse count block 14; b) energy recovery circuit block 15; And c) block 16 representing a variable DC source.

This electrical transducer is also applicable to similar motors with magnets in the rotor instead of steel sheets. With regard to a motor with coils and magnets in the stator and in the rotor, the conversion is done by the same electrical transducer in the rotor as well as in the stator.

When the motor has several stators with individual rotors (assembled on a single axis), the transformation takes place sequentially in all poles of the stator-rotor, as shown in FIG. Is performed with all poles of the rotor poles and the position of the rotor poles enters the stator poles so that they are aligned.

Once the movement is complete, the current is removed in the stator / rotor, and then converted into sequential stators / rotors to obtain the next stator / rotor and uniform pairs, so that the motor can With stators and steel plate rotors, or with stators with coils and permanent magnets and with rotors alone, or with stators with coils and permanent magnets, and with coils and permanent magnets. It consists of electrons.

Included in this specification

Claims (7)

Hybrid electric magnetoresistive motor, characterized by having opposing coils 8 in the stator 1 and / or rotor 2 and permanent magnets 9 which are parallel and opposing the coils 8. . The method of claim 1, When energy is applied to the coils 8 of the stators 1 and / or the rotors 2 of the motor, the magnetic fluxes or magnetic fields of the magnets 9 are separated from the coils 8 in the air gap. A hybrid electric magnetoresistive motor, coupled with magnetic fluxes or magnetic fields, and thus producing "same" or greater torque by the contribution of the magnetic flux or magnetic field of the magnets. The method according to claim 1 or 2, When no energy is applied to the stators 1 and / or the rotors 2 of the motor, the magnetic fluxes or magnetic fields of the magnets 9 are a function of time as a result of a decrease in current which is a function of time. Hybrid electric magnetoresistance motor, characterized in that it enters the toroid with respect to and proportional to the same flux reduction in furnace coils (8). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, As a function of the current change of the coils 8 and the resultant magnetic flux or magnetic field change of the coils 8, the magnetic fluxes of the magnets 9 are converted from toroid to pole and from pole to toroid, and the current is When activated in the coils 8, if the magnetic flux generated in the coils has the same polarity as the magnetic flux generated by the magnets 9 in the toroid, the magnetic flux of the magnets 9 Leaves the lloyd and couples to the magnetic fluxes of the coils 8 and communicates with the pole and the air cap together; When the current is deactivated in the coils 8, their magnetic flux actually decreases to zero as a function of time; At the same time, the magnetic flux of the magnets 9 enters the toroid; Thus, in the conversion of the magnetic flux of the coils (8), the magnetic flux of the magnets (9) is also converted to a low or high frequency. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, In order for the magnetic flux of the coils 8 to pass through the poles and the air gap, the coils 8 have a path in the crown or core, circuits or legs of the stators 1 and / or the rotors 2. Opposite locations; The opposing coils 8 have a lower inductance compared to the inductance of the coils 8 connected in series as in the case of conventional motors, but for the passage of current when the rotor or rotors 2 are in operation Hybrid electric magnetoresistance motor, characterized in that the voltage required for opposing coils (8) is lower than the voltage required for the same current in motors with series coils. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, A portion of the total magnetic flux in the pole and air gap corresponding to the low speeds 9, ie the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 9 and the coils 8, increases the efficiency of the motor by means of which the magnetic flux increases the torque of the motor. Hybrid electric magnetoresistive motor, characterized in that. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, Depending on the magnetic flux contribution of the magnets 9 and taking into account the weight and volume of the magnets relative to the weight and volume of the coils 8 with a steel core and copper (or other material) wire winding, the opposing coil Motor with magnets (8) and opposing magnets (9) has a smaller weight and volume compared to conventional motors of the same power.

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