KR20060097810A - Stereoscopic camera - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional camera, and more particularly, using a single camera body as a means for obtaining a three-dimensional image, and each of the independent luminous flux collected by the left front group optical system and the right front group optical system combined using a reflection optical system It relates to a three-dimensional camera that is formed to be formed on the image pickup device of the camera by using a post-optical optical system, the left and right two front and rear optical group optical system 101, 102 formed of a series of optical components for obtaining the right image and left and right, By the shutter unit 131 for blocking and passing the left and right images passing through the two all-optical systems 101 and 102, and the all-optical system 101 and 102 passing through the shutter unit 131 A reflection optical system 110 having a beam splitter 113 between left and right reflection optical units 111 and 112 for bringing together the received light, and reflection optical units 111 and 112 of the reflection optical system 110. Half by rotating The rotating parts 121 and 122 for aligning the centers on the left and right sides of the light to the center of the active surface of the image pickup device 152 and the light are imaged on the image pickup device 152 of the camera body 151. There is a feature consisting of a group of optical systems 141 to make.

Optics, beam splitter. Stereoscopic image

Description

Stereo Camera {STEREOSCOPIC CAMERA}

1 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional camera according to the present invention.

2 is a view showing a holder for fixing one lens group of all optical systems.

FIG. 3 is an exemplary view for explaining a guide and a cam line when the entire optical system is used as a zoom lens. FIG.

4 shows a beam splitter consisting of four prisms;

Fig. 5 is a view showing an operating state in which the centers of the upper left and upper right sides coincide.

FIG. 6 shows another example of a reflection optical system in which the left and right images are made into one image and the centers are aligned.

Fig. 7A is a diagram showing a circular shutter for alternately obtaining a left upper side and a right upper side.

Fig. 7B is a view showing a state of detecting the position of the device according to Fig. 7A.

Fig. 8A is a diagram showing a method using an LCD shutter and a polarizing beam splitter for alternately obtaining a left side and a right side.

FIG. 8B is a diagram for explaining the beam splitter used for 8 (a). FIG.

9 is a view showing an example in which a gear train and a motor are mounted on a rotating part of the stereoscopic camera of the present invention.

10 is a view showing an example in which the motor and the position detection sensor is mounted on the rotating unit of the three-dimensional camera of the present invention.

11 is a view showing an example in which a mechanical shutter is respectively installed in the three-dimensional camera of the present invention.

12 is a view showing a state in which a motor and a position detector are attached to the all-optical optical system of the three-dimensional camera of the present invention.

           Explanation of symbols on main parts of drawing

101: left front group optical system 102: right front group optical system

110: reflection optical system 111: reflection optical unit

112: reflection optics 113: beam splitter

114: motor 115: gear train

116: position detection sensor 118: motor

119: position detection sensor 121: rotating part

122: rotating part 131: shutter

132: left mechanical shutter 134: right mechanical shutter

141: rear optical system 151: camera body

152: imaging device 201: lens group

202: lens holder 203: guide bushing

301: cam line 302: cam plate

303: guide rail 304: lens group guide roller

305: guide rod 306: lens group moving part

401: prism 402: beam splitting surface

601 glass block 701: rotating body

702: light transmitting portion 703: starting point display portion

704: rotation angle marker 705: fitting hole

706: starting point detection sensor 707: rotation angle detection sensor

801: LCD Shutter 802: LCD Shutter

800: polarizing beam splitter 811,812: beam splitting surface

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional camera, and more particularly, using a single camera body as a means for obtaining a three-dimensional image, and each of the independent luminous flux collected by the left front group optical system and the right front group optical system combined using a reflection optical system It relates to a three-dimensional camera which is formed so as to form an image on an image pickup device of a camera using a rear optical system.

In order to selectively obtain the image signals for the left and right images formed on the image pickup device, an apparatus for passing only the light that forms the left or right image alternately in the path of the entire optical system is provided.

The reflecting optical system used in bringing the light fluxes together uses a reflecting optical system made of optical means such as a reflector or a prism.

At the same time, it is equipped with a device that can adjust the angle at which each group of optical systems look at the object.

In the prior art, two cameras are generally arranged horizontally. In this case, it is difficult to align the optical axes of the two cameras in parallel with each other. In particular, when using a zoom lens as an optical system, the left optical system is used during zoom operation. Since the and right optical systems are adjusted separately from each other, it is difficult to match the magnification of the left and right images and the center of the left and right images.

For this reason, the use of only one camera is preferred.

In the case of a camera using one imaging device, one of the methods to ensure that the light beams connecting the upper left and the upper right reaches the camera's image pickup device through separate optical paths, such as a prism or a mirror in front of or behind a general camera optical system. By installing the optical adapter that is configured, the light beam constituting the left image and the light beam constituting the right image pass through a single lens, and a liquid crystal shutter is used as a method of alternately obtaining the left and right images. Doing.

At this time, in the process of bending the light path using a prism or a mirror, there is a difference in the path lengths of the light forming the left image and the light forming the right image, so that the magnification and the image forming positions of the left and right images are different. do.

The difference in image magnification or image position due to the difference in optical path length becomes particularly remarkable when an object close to the camera is to be photographed.

In other words, the so-called close-up of the close-up and the right-hand side of the so-called close-ups of taking objects close to each other becomes so large that stereoscopic imaging is not possible at all, or the size and position mismatch between the left and right sides when playing back the captured image. Headaches will occur.

In addition, in this system, the prism, the mirror, or the like becomes large in order to increase the photographing range, that is, the angle of view, which causes a lot of restrictions on use. In principle, the image cannot be obtained at a certain angle of view or higher.

When the so-called apocal system is used as a lens adapter, the parallel light beam is used instead of the converged light beam. Therefore, the size of the reflective optical component used in the reflective optical system becomes too large. It is difficult to enlarge.

In addition, such an optical adapter presupposes the existence of an existing camera lens installed in front of the camera. Typically, the characteristics of the existing camera lens, for example, aberration, store location, and close-up distance, are installed for stereoscopic imaging. There is a problem that the image quality is notably matched with the optical adapter that is not matched, or that it is difficult to shorten the shooting distance.

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention is designed to have a whole optical system as one, excellent aberration correction, and excellent as a complete optical system.

In the method of acquiring the left and right images alternately, the liquid crystal shutter is used in the conventional method. In this method, the polarized light is used to pass or block the light. Half of the light is lost.

Therefore, the present invention uses a method of transmitting light alternately, so that all the light passes regardless of the polarization direction, so that there is no loss or only a slight loss of light, which is about twice the amount of light. Has efficiency.

In the method of centering the upper left image and the upper right image, the conventional method does not have an optically identical structure, and therefore, one of the mirrors is generally rotated to be aligned, and as a result, the image shifts to one side.

In the present invention, in addition to the method of matching the center on the left and right images by rotating one mirror or prism in this way, two mirrors or prisms that are optically in the same position in the left optical system and the right optical system by the same angle in the opposite direction to each other You can use a method to make it work.

By using the same camera main body, the optical paths on the left and right images are optically identical, thereby eliminating the difference in magnification of the left and right images, so that an image having high image quality can be obtained even when photographing a close object.

In addition, conventionally, a reflection optical system using a prism or a mirror is positioned closest to an object, thereby limiting the photographing range. In the present invention, the entire optical system is positioned close to an object to make the luminous flux into a converging light beam. Is installed behind it to extend the shooting range and reduce its size.

When the zoom lens is used in all-optical systems, the lens groups constituting the left and right zoom lenses are fixed to one lens holder.

For example, when the left all-group optical system and the right all-group optical system each consist of three lens groups, the first lens group constituting the left all-group optical system on the left side of the lens holder 1, and the right constituting the right all-group optical system on the right side. One lens group is installed.

In this manner, the second lens group constituting the left all-group optical system is provided on the left side of the lens holder 2, the second lens group constituting the right all-group optical system is provided on the right side, and the left all-group optical system is formed on the left side of the lens holder 3. The third lens group is provided on the right side with a third lens group constituting the right all-group lens system.

It aims to minimize the magnification difference on the left side and the right side by simultaneously moving the relative distance between the lens groups of the two lenses using the cam curve formed on one plate.

 In order to achieve the above object, the three-dimensional camera according to the present invention, the left and right two front group optical system formed of a series of optical components for obtaining the left and right image, and the left and right image passing through the two left and right all group optical system. A reflection optical system having a beam splitter between the shutter unit for blocking and passing through, and a left and right reflection optical unit for combining light received by the entire optical system having passed through the shutter unit, and the light reflected by rotating the reflection optical unit of the reflection optical system; A rotating unit for matching the centers on the left and right sides of the beam splitter to the beam splitter, and a rear optical system for imaging this light on the image pickup device of the camera body of Hina.

Hereinafter, a stereoscopic camera according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a stereoscopic camera according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a holder for fixing one lens group among all optical systems, and FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a guide and a cam curve when the entire optical system is a zoom lens, and FIG. 4 is a four prism. FIG. 5 is a view showing a principle of matching the center of the left and right phases, and FIG. 6 is another reflection optical system for making the left and right images into one phase and matching the centers. Fig. 7A is a view showing a circular shutter for alternately obtaining a top left image and a top right image, and Fig. 7B is a view for detecting the position of the apparatus according to Fig. 7A. 8 (a) is a diagram showing a method using an LCD shutter and a polarizing beam splitter for alternately acquiring the left and right images, and FIG. 8 (b) is shown in 8 (a). Used 9 is a view illustrating a beam splitter, and FIG. 9 is a view illustrating an example in which a gear train and a motor are mounted on the reflective optical system rotating part of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is an example in which a motor and a position detection sensor are mounted on the reflective optical system rotating part of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a view showing an example in which a mechanical shutter is installed on the left and right sides of the stereoscopic camera of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a view showing a state in which a motor and a position deliverer are attached to the all-optical system of the stereoscopic camera of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, the stereoscopic camera of the present invention coincides the left and right optical system 101 for obtaining the left image, the right and forward optical system 102 for obtaining the right image, and the left and right image centers of the two optical group optical systems. Right and left rotating parts 121 and 122 are formed to change the angle at which the right and the optical systems look at the object.

The reflective optical system 110 is formed by the reflective optical units 111 and 112 formed of a series of prisms or mirrors for bringing together the light by the two groups of lens systems into one.

It consists of a group of optical system 141 and one camera module for imaging the light reflected and reflected through the reflection optical system 110 to the imaging device 152 of the camera body 151.

According to the present invention, a zoom lens may be used for all the group optical system 101, 102 or the rear group optical system 141 or the front group optical system 101, 102 and the rear group optical system 141.

In the present invention, a case where only the entire optical system is formed of a zoom lens will be described.

The light emitted or reflected from the object travels in all directions, and some of the light reaches the left front group optical system 101 and the right front group optical system 102, and these lights are respectively the left front group optical system 101 and the right front group optical system 102. ) Becomes the luminous flux that forms the left and right images.

Thus, in order to combine the light beams collected by the separate all-optical systems 101 and 102 into one, the reflective optical system 110 composed of a prism or mirrors is transmitted and used.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the reflective optical units 111 and 112 have been described as an example of using a prism as a reflective optical component, but the effect is the same even when a mirror is used instead of a prism.

In all-optical optics, mirrors can be used to change the optical path, allowing the outer diameter of the all-optical optics to be adjusted and made more compact. In the case of curved mirrors rather than flat mirrors, light can be collected or formed like a lens. have.

The separate front group optical systems 101 and 102 forming the left side image and the right side image not only use the same lens system on the left and right sides, but also the left and right front group optical systems 101, 102 or the rear group optical system 141 or the front group optical system 101. The zoom lens can be used for both the 102 and the rear optical system 141.

When a zoom lens is used for the all-optical system 101 and 102, as shown in FIG. 2, the all-optical system is mounted in a holder 202 to which the lens fixes the lens, and at four corners of the holder 202, a guide rod ( A guide bushing 203 is formed which is fitted into the slide 305.

As shown in FIG. 3, a lens group moving part 306 having a lens group guide roller 304 is formed at one side so as to be positioned inside the box-shaped frame frame at a predetermined interval, and the lens group moving part 306 is provided. Cam plate 302 having a cam line 301 is formed on the upper side so that the lens group guide roller 304 for moving to adjust the distance of the () is inserted and slides.

In addition, the holder 202 may be directly mounted and used instead of the lens group moving unit 306.

The cam line 301 formed on the cam plate 302 may have different widths at the time of manufacture in order to adjust the distance between the pair of lens group moving parts 306 formed back and forth with a predetermined interval.

Guide rails 303 are formed at both ends to move the cam plate 302 horizontally such that the lens group moving part 306 moves forward and backward.

Since the lens group guide roller 304 moves along the cam line 301 engraved on the cam plate 302 formed as described above, the left and right lens group moving parts 306 move along the cam line 301, and thus the same zoom is performed. It will work. That is, the front and rear pairs of the lens group moving part 306 are inserted so that the guide bar 305 is slid along the state where the guide rods 305 are positioned at the four corners, and thus the cam line 301 is moved in accordance with the horizontal movement of the cam plate 302. Since the lens group guide roller 304 fitted to the side moves along, it moves forward and backward.

Since the left and right front group optical systems 101 and 102 of the present invention are fixed to the left and right lens group moving parts 306 integrally fixed to the lens holder 202, one cam line formed on the cam plate 302 is provided. A lens group corresponding to the left and right all-group optical systems is fixed to one in order to simultaneously move the left optical system and the right optical system simultaneously along 301.

Since the left optical system and the right optical system fixed to one lens holder 202 are moved in a fixed state to the left and right lens group moving unit 306, the lens group moving unit 306 does not twist the optical axis during the movement, without twisting back and forth. Guide rods 305 are installed to move.

Therefore, since the lens group moving part 306 is moved back and forth along the guide rod 305, the optical axis of the lens is not twisted.

When the cam plate 302 is moved to the left and right, the position of the cam line 301 is changed, and thus the lens group moving unit 306 moved along this is zoomed while moving back and forth.

According to the present invention, the left front group optical system and the right front group optical system for obtaining the left image and the right front group optical system for obtaining the right image have the same structure. Since the optical path passes through the same path and does not make a difference in the optical path, close-up photography is possible without a significant difference in magnification or a significant decrease in image quality.

As shown in FIG. 5, the reflecting optical parts 111 and 112, which are prisms or reflecting mirrors, are installed on the rotating parts 121 and 122 so that the angle thereof can be adjusted so as to adjust the angle of the left front optical system 101 on the image pickup device. The center of the image by the right front group optical system 102 can be matched. That is, the closer the object is, the greater the angle of the left optical system 101 and the right optical system 102 facing the object, so that the centers of the left and right images on the imaging device are shifted much from each other.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5, the corresponding reflection optical parts 111 and 112 on the left and right sides are rotated in opposite directions to adjust their angles using the rotation parts 121 and 122, respectively. You can match the center on the right side.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, not only the rotating optical parts 111 and 112 are rotated using the gear train 115 of the motor 114 to the rotating parts 121 and 122, but also the rotating parts. Position detection sensor 116 is mounted for precise control of the rotation angle of the reflection optical unit 111, 112 mounted on the.

As described above, the rotation unit 121 and 122 are finely rotated using the driving force of the motor 114 using the gear train 115 to precisely control the image incident through the reflective optical units 111 and 112, The position detection sensor 116 has a feature capable of precise control.

The image reflected and folded by the reflection optical units 111 and 112 passes through the beam splitter 113 positioned at the center to the rear optical system 141.

The beam splitter 113 is formed of four prisms 401 and has two beam splitting surfaces 402.

The beam splitting surface 402 is formed by superimposing a transparent dielectric thin film to prevent the loss of light due to absorption at the reflecting surface or by using a thin metal film to reduce the influence of the incident angle of light on the reflectivity or transmission. It is good.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, the planar mirror or prism may be rotated to match only one of the left and right sides. That is, the beam splitter 113 is rotated through the reflective optical unit positioned at the center after rotating the reflective optical unit 111 using the rotating unit 121 to adjust only the angle on the left side passing through the entire optical systems 101 and 102. The image on the right side passes through the glass block 601 and is reflected by the beam splitter 113 through the reflective optical unit so that the image is reflected on the image pickup device.

The glass block 601 is used as a means for correcting optical path correction when a prism is used.

The right image passing through the right front optical group 102 side on the opposite side may be used by changing only the position of the planar mirror or prism even when the image position is adjusted by only changing the angle.

An example of a means for alternately obtaining the upper left image and the upper right image will be described in detail with reference to a and b of FIG. 7.

7A and 7B show a rotating body 701 of the shutter, which is typically about a rotational axis 705 in a thin plate, and a portion corresponding to about 180 degrees of symmetry or close to it can pass light. The light transmission part 702 which exists is formed.

Although not shown, the rotating shaft 705 formed at the center of the rotating body 701 is configured to be rotated by a motor, and the light transmitting part is disposed at a position where the left front group optical system or the right front group optical system is mounted when the shutter rotating body 701 rotates. When the light is rotated, the light passes through the light, and when the light rotates to the opposite side, the light is obstructed so that the shutter can be selectively obtained.

The material of the shutter rotator 701 may be both a transparent body and an opaque body, and in the case of a transparent body, an opaque paint may be applied to a portion where light should not pass, or a thin opaque body may be added, and in the case of using an opaque body, You can accomplish this by removing as much as you have to go through.

A rotation angle display unit 704 and a detection sensor 707 are formed to recognize the rotation angle of the shutter rotator 701, and a rotation starting point display unit 703 and a rotation starting point capable of recognizing the rotation starting point of the shutter are formed. The detection sensor 706 is formed.

A series of marks, such as the rotation angle display portion 704, are provided on the same circumference on the outer portion of the shutter rotator 701, and the position is detected using the detection sensor 707 using this mark.

When the shutter rotator 701 is rotated using a motor, the shutter rotator 701 may be located at a certain point in time by controlling the motor speed. It works.

Further, in addition to the rotation angle display unit 704, a rotation start display unit 703 is provided as another sign so that the starting point detection sensor 706 can detect the starting point of the rotation for each rotation. It resets the accumulated position detection error that may occur during rotation.

As an example of a mark for achieving this purpose, a device for marking the shutter rotator 701 and sending light in one direction of the rotating body 701 at a position corresponding to the mark, the device for detecting light in the opposite direction By installing the mark can be detected by the detection sensor 707 to receive the light sent from the device for sending light when the marker came to the detection sensor (707) portion.

As another example, a light transmitting part is made on the shutter rotating body, which is used as a mark, and a device that emits light in one direction is installed at an angle to the marking so that the light emitted from the transmitting device as the shutter rotating body rotates. The shutter is also reflected from the rotating body, and when it comes to the marked area, the light is transmitted and there is no reflected light.

In this way, the starting point detection sensor 706 is installed at a position that can receive the light reflected from the shutter rotator 701 to detect the starting point of rotation by the reflected light coming in and out.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the left and right images may be alternately obtained using the LCD shutters 801 and 802 and the polarizing beam splitter 800. LCD shutters use polarization to block or allow light to pass through, resulting in polarized light.

Therefore, in constructing the polarizing beam splitter, the polarizations of the light reflected from the two diagonal planes are perpendicular to each other, and the polarization directions of the light making the left and right images are perpendicular to each other in the same polarization direction of the polarizing beam splitter. By installing an LCD shutter to open and close the left and right LCD shutters alternately, the upper left and the upper right can be obtained alternately.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 11 without using an LCD shutter or the like, mechanical shutters 132 and 134 which are generally used may be provided in each, so that images on the left and right sides may be alternately obtained.

The reflective optical system is composed of a polarizing beam splitter and an optical component, and is used as an apparatus for acquiring an upper left image and an upper right image after mounting a shutter with two LCD shutters or a single shutter as shown in FIG. 11. In addition, since the light passing through the left and right LCD shutters have a polarization direction perpendicular to each other, a stereoscopic image can be obtained by separating the left and right images by a combination of the beam splitter and the LCD shutter.

As shown in FIG. 12, since the cam plate 302 is moved by the operation of the motor 118 by mounting the motor 118 and the position detector 119 in the optical system, the lenses move back and forth along the cam line of the cam plate. You can finely adjust the operating condition of the zoom lens.

Therefore, since the position detector 119 detects the moving position of the cam plate 302, the focal length of the zoom lens can be measured.

According to the present invention, when the stereoscopic image is obtained by the stereoscopic camera as described above, the optical path for obtaining the left image and the optical path for obtaining the right image are optically the same so that there is no change in the image due to the difference in the optical path even when photographing a close object. The three-dimensional effect can be enhanced.

Using one camera body eliminates the hassle of digitally working on two images.

It is possible to adjust one by one without the need to adjust the zoom function of the entire optical system.

Claims (17)

In the stereoscopic camera, Two left and right front optical systems 101 and 102 formed of a series of optical components for obtaining a left image and a right image, A shutter unit 131 for blocking and passing the left and right images passing through the left and right two optical systems 101 and 102, Reflective optical system having a beam splitter 113 between the left and right reflecting optical units 111 and 122 for combining light received by the entire optical system 101 and 102 passing through the shutter unit 131 ( 110), Rotating parts 121 and 122 which rotate the reflecting optical parts 111 and 112 of the reflecting optical system 110 to match the centers on the left and right sides of the reflected light with the beam splitter 113. A stereoscopic camera comprising a rear optical system (141) for imaging the light passing through the beam splitter (113) to the imaging device (152) of one camera body (151). The stereoscopic camera according to claim 1, wherein the front group optical system and the rear group optical system are fixed focus lenses or zoom lenses. The stereoscopic camera according to claim 1, wherein the whole optical system comprises a lens and a mirror. The stereoscopic camera of claim 2, wherein the lens is horizontally moved without rotating the zoom lens. The stereoscopic camera according to claim 2, wherein the zoom lens of the front optical system and the rear optical system is formed with a holder (202) which is inserted and fixed to move the left optical system and the right optical system in the same manner. According to claim 5, All-group optical system is a holder 202 for fixing the lens is mounted on one side and a plurality of lens group moving unit 306 having a lens group guide roller 304 on one side, A cam plate 302 having a cam line 301 formed such that the lens group guide roller 304 is inserted and moved to adjust the distance of the lens group moving part 306; And a guide rail (303) at both ends of the cam group (302) to move horizontally so that the lens group moving unit (306) moves forward and backward. The stereoscopic camera according to claim 1, wherein the beam splitter (113) consists of four prisms (401) and has two beam splitting surfaces (402). The stereoscopic camera according to claim 1, wherein the reflective optical sections (111, 122) are planar mirrors or prisms. 8. The stereoscopic camera according to claim 7, wherein the beam splitting surface (402) is a dielectric thin film or a thin metal film. The stereoscopic camera according to claim 1, wherein the shutter uses an LCD shutter, and the left and right images are separated by the beam splitter and the LCD shutter so that the light passing through the LCD shutter has a polarization direction perpendicular to each other. The stereoscopic camera according to claim 1, wherein the shutters are each formed with mechanical shutters so as to alternately obtain left and right images. The circular shutter 701 having a light transmitting part 702 through which light is transmitted only in a range of 180 ° is formed on one surface of the shutter, and the rotation angle of the shutter 701 can be recognized. And a rotation angle display unit (704), a detection sensor (707), a rotation starting point display unit (703) capable of recognizing a rotation starting point of the shutter, and a rotation starting point detection sensor (706). The stereoscopic camera of claim 8, wherein the reflective optical unit rotates only the left side or the right side. The stereoscopic camera of claim 8, wherein the reflective optical unit rotates in the opposite direction to the left and the right. 9. The stereoscopic camera according to claim 8, wherein the rotating part is controlled by a motor (114) and a gear train (115). The stereoscopic camera according to claim 8, wherein the rotating part is provided with a motor (114) and a position detection sensor (116). 3. The stereoscopic camera according to claim 2, wherein the all-optical optical system has a motor (118) and a position detector (119).

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