KR20060096344A - Extrusion apparatus, production method of extrudate and extrudate - Google Patents

Abstract

assignment

An extrusion molding apparatus capable of improving the strength of a molded article is provided.

Resolution

An extrusion molding apparatus for continuously molding a molding material containing reinforcing fibers from an extrusion hole 2 of a die 1 to mold the molding material into a molded article, wherein the molding material in the extrusion hole 2 or the extrusion hole 2 A stirring means for stirring the molding material in the die 1 in the vicinity thereof is formed. As a stirring means, the wire 7 etc. which were formed in the outer periphery of the pin 5 located in the die 1 of the extrusion hole 2 or its vicinity, and are rotating are used. By this extrusion molding apparatus, the said molding material is shape | molded and a molded article is manufactured.

Extrusion, extrusion molding apparatus, stirring

Description

EXTRUSION APPARATUS, PRODUCTION METHOD OF EXTRUDATE AND EXTRUDATE}

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the extrusion molding apparatus which is 1 Embodiment of this invention.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a general overall configuration of an extrusion apparatus.

(A) is a side view which shows the other example of the pin in this invention, (b) is the front view.

Fig. 4A is a side view showing still another example of the pin in the present invention, and Fig. 4B is a front view thereof.

It is a graph which shows the cumulative frequency of the angle of the fiber for reinforcement with respect to the extrusion direction in the molded article obtained in Example 1. FIG.

It is a graph which shows the cumulative frequency of the angle of the fiber for reinforcement with respect to the extrusion direction in the molded article obtained in Example 2. FIG.

It is a graph which shows the cumulative frequency of the angle of the fiber for reinforcement with respect to the extrusion direction in the molded article obtained in Example 3. FIG.

It is a graph which shows the cumulative frequency of the angle of the fiber for reinforcement with respect to the extrusion direction in the molded article obtained by the comparative example.

Explanation of the sign

1 die and 2 extrusion holes

3 Euro 5 Pin

7 Wire Rod 26 Wire Rod

27 turning 51 pin

52 pin

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-67020

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-79568

 The present invention relates to an extrusion molding apparatus capable of obtaining a molded article with improved mechanical strength, a method for producing a molded article using the same, and an extruded molded article with improved mechanical strength.

In general, catalysts, catalyst carriers, adsorbents, drying materials, and moisturizing materials are molded into cylindrical or cylindrical shaped articles having a diameter of 2 to 10 mm and a length of 2 to 20 mm, which are filled in a reactor and used in various chemical reaction processes. do. In order to manufacture molded articles, such as a catalyst, the extrusion molding method has been employ | adopted conventionally.

That is, a molded article is manufactured by cutting small the molded article which continuously pushed soft clay materials such as alumina from the die. Patent Literatures 1 and 2 disclose extrusion molding apparatuses which have improved cutting dimensional accuracy of such molded articles.

By the way, in order to raise the intensity | strength of a molded article and to prevent a molded article from being easily damaged, mixing and dispersing fiber in a molding material is performed. However, the molded article produced by extrusion molding has a problem that even when the fibers are dispersed, when the impact is applied by dropping on the floor or the like, the molded article is easily broken. Especially in the case of columnar or cylindrical shaped articles, they were fragile in the axial direction.

An object of the present invention is to provide an extrusion molding apparatus capable of improving the strength of a molded article so that the molded article is not broken, and a method for producing a molded article using the same.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an extrusion molded article with improved strength against cracking.

The inventors of the present invention have found that the fiber direction in the molded article is parallel to the extrusion direction as a result of various investigations as to the cause of the above-mentioned molded article brittle in the axial direction, that is, the extrusion direction. This is considered to be because the fibers are aligned with respect to the flow direction in the flow in which the molding material is directed to the extrusion holes during extrusion. Thus, the present inventors have diligently studied to form stirring means for stirring the molding material in the extrusion holes formed in the die in the extrusion molding apparatus or in the dies thereof, whereby the fibers in the molding material are irregularly dispersed during extrusion. As a result, a new fact that the strength of the molded article is improved is found, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention is a device which continuously pushes a molding material out of an extrusion hole of a die, and molds the molding material into a molded article, which is for stirring the molding material in the extrusion hole or in the die near the extrusion hole. It is characterized by forming a stirring means.

As said stirring means, the protrusion formed in the outer periphery of the pin rotated in the die of the extrusion hole or its vicinity is mentioned.

Moreover, the manufacturing method of the molded article which concerns on this invention is characterized by shape | molding the molding material containing the fiber for reinforcement by the said extrusion molding apparatus.

Furthermore, the extruded article of the present invention contains reinforcing fibers, wherein the reinforcing fibers have an angle of 50% cumulative frequency with respect to the extrusion direction of 20 ° or more, and an angle of 90% cumulative frequency and 10% cumulative frequency. The difference in angle is characterized by more than 40 °. Preferably, the reinforcing fiber has an angle of 50% cumulative frequency with respect to the extrusion direction of 30 ° or more, and a difference between an angle of 90% cumulative frequency and an angle of 10% cumulative frequency of 50 ° or more.

To practice the invention  Best form for

1 and 2 show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1: has shown the extrusion hole which is a principal part of the extrusion apparatus which concerns on this embodiment, and the structure of the periphery.

The die 1 is attached to the front face of the molding apparatus 10 and has an extrusion hole 2 through which the molding material is continuously pushed out. At the rear of the extrusion hole 2, a flow path 3 through which the molding material flows toward the extrusion hole 2 is formed. The screw 4 is formed in the flow path 3 behind the extrusion hole 2. The screw 4 is such that a molding material pushed through the flow path 3 by a plunger type extrusion device, a screw type extrusion device or the like (not shown) is extruded from the extrusion hole 2 at a constant flow rate.

The pin 5 is arrange | positioned at the front-end | tip of the screw shaft 40, This pin 5 is inserted in the extrusion hole 2. As shown in FIG. The screw shaft 40 is comprised in cylindrical shape, and the screw 4 is formed in the outer peripheral surface. The rotating shaft 6 for rotating the pin 5 is accommodated in this screw shaft 40. A roller bearing (needle roller bearing, etc.) (not shown) is inserted between the inner surface of the screw shaft 40 and the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 6 so that the rotating shaft 6 can rotate independently of the screw shaft 40. It is configured to be.

The pin 5 has an attachment sheet 50 for connecting to the rotary shaft 6 at the rear end. A plurality of wire rods 7 (for example, metal wires such as wires) are attached to the attachment sheet 50 by stirring means. The tip end of the wire rod 7 is bent to protrude in the radial direction from the outer circumference of the pin 5. The wire rod 7 may be attached almost in parallel with the pin 5, or may be provided so as to wind at an angle to the pin 5. In addition, as long as the stirring effect of a molding material is acquired, the installation number of the wire rod 7 with respect to one pin 5 is not specifically limited, About 1-5 pieces are suitable.

2 has shown the whole structure of the extrusion molding apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. As for the shaping | molding apparatus 10, a main body is comprised normally and the die 1 is fixed to the front end surface. The die 1 has a plurality of (usually, 2 to 8) extrusion holes 2, 2... Arranged around the center of the center of the molding apparatus 10. Therefore, each flow path 3 is formed at the front-end | tip of the shaping | molding apparatus 10 by several branches, and passes through the extrusion hole 2, 2 ....

Here, the mechanism for rotating the plurality of pins 5 is as follows. That is, a pulley 8 is attached to the rear of one of the plurality of rotation shafts 6 to which the pins 5 are respectively fixed, and the pulley 11 of the shaft 10 of the pulley 8 and the motor 9 is attached. The belt 12 (for example, a timing belt) is fastened between the two and the rotary shaft 1 is rotated by the rotational driving force of the motor 9.

A cogwheel 13 is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the rotary shaft 6, and the drive pulley 16 is rotated through the drive shaft 15 from the cogwheel 14 meshed with the cogwheel 13. On the other hand, in addition to the cogwheels 13 and 14 being formed on the other rotary shaft 6 in the same way as the rotary shaft 6, the driven shaft 115 and the driven pulley 116 are mounted. Then, the belt 17 (for example, a timing belt) is hooked between all the pulleys 16 and 116, and all the rotational shafts 6, 6, etc. are rotated at constant speed, thereby rotating each pin 5 at the tip. It rotates and the molding material in each extrusion hole 2 is stirred by the wire rod 7. As shown in FIG.

At this time, the ejector set 19 with the spring 18 abuts against the belt 17 between the adjacent pulleys 16 and 116 to maintain a constant tension of the belt 17. In this way, since the some rotation shaft 6,6 ... rotates at a constant speed, the molding material in each extrusion hole 2 can be stirred with the wire 7 similarly, and the crack of a molded article is prevented. The rotational speed of the rotary shaft 6, and thus the pin 5, is not particularly limited, but it is configured to have 2 to 20 rotations, preferably 5 to 15 rotations between 10 mm movement of the molding material in order to obtain a stirring effect. It is suitable to

Moreover, in this embodiment, all the rotating shafts 6 were rotated using the cogwheels 13 and 14, the shafts 15 and 115, and the pulleys 16 and 116. However, this is the rotating shaft 6 and the molding apparatus. This is because there is no space between the cylindrical body and the. If the space can be secured, the belts 13 and 14, the shafts 15 and 115 and the pulleys 16 and 116 as described above are not used, and the belts are rotated by rotating the belts directly on the respective rotation shafts 6. You can do that.

In addition, rotation of the screw 4 is performed as follows. That is, the flat gear 20 is being fixed to the outer periphery of the screw shaft 40 into which the rotating shaft 6 was inserted. The flat cogwheel 20 meshes with the flat cogwheel 23 provided on the shaft of the motor 22 with the flat cogwheel 21 interposed therebetween. For this reason, the rotation of the corresponding screw 4 can be rotated by driving the motor 22, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2, the motor 22 is arrange | positioned for every screw 4, and the flow volume control of the molding material to each extrusion hole 2 is performed independently, respectively. Thereby, the extrusion flow volume of the molding material different for every extrusion hole 2 can be adjusted.

In this way, the screw 4 and the pin 5 are rotated independently of each other, and the molding material is stirred with the wire 7 formed in the pin 5 while pushing the molding material at a constant speed with the screw 4. . Thereby, the direction of the fiber contained in a molding material becomes irregular, and the intensity | strength of the molded article obtained improves.

In this embodiment, although the some wire rod 7 was attached to the pin 5 as a protrusion, it is not limited to this, Various protrusions can be used as long as it can stir. 3 and 4 show examples of the pins on which such other protrusions are formed.

FIG. 3 fits the wire rod 26 as a projection in the through hole 25 drilled by shifting the pin 51 by a predetermined angle (for example, 90 ° or 45 °). It is preferable that 1-5 holes are formed. A male screw portion 54 for connecting to the rotating shaft 6 is formed in the attachment sheet 53 of the pin 51.

Fig. 4 inserts a ring 28 having a projection 27 into the pin 52 to be fixed by spot welding or the like. The projection 27 is not limited to the cross shape as shown, and various shapes are possible (for example, a ring having one projection). Other than that is the same as the pin 51 shown in FIG.

Even when such pins 51 and 52 are used, the same effect as that of the pin 5 using the wire rod 7 is obtained.

Moreover, although the molded article obtained is hollow cylindrical form in the above embodiment, a columnar molded article can also be obtained by positioning the tip end of the pin 5 inward from the exit of the extrusion hole 2, etc. In addition, as long as the stirring effect is obtained, the projections do not necessarily need to be present in the extrusion holes 2, and the projections may be located in the die near the extrusion holes 2.

Next, the extrusion molded product of the present invention obtained using the above molding apparatus will be described. This extrusion molded product contains reinforcing fibers as described above. Examples of the reinforcing fibers include inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, and alumina fibers, synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers (such as nylon fibers), and polyimide fibers.

 Since the fiber length of the fiber for reinforcement is determined according to the size of a molded article, etc., it is not specifically limited, It is good that average fiber length is 0.01-1 mm, Preferably it is 0.1-0.8 mm. Moreover, the average fiber diameter is 1-10 micrometers, Preferably it is 1.5-5 micrometers. Furthermore, content of the fiber for reinforcement is 3-30 mass% with respect to a molding material (dry weight), Preferably it is 5-20 mass%.

As a measure for evaluating the degree of dispersion of reinforcing fibers in a molded article, in the present invention, the difference between the angle A50 of the 50% cumulative frequency with respect to the extrusion direction, and the difference between the angle of the 90% cumulative frequency and the 10% cumulative frequency ( A90-A10) are used.

The angle A50 of the 50% cumulative frequency refers to the longitudinal average angle of the reinforcing fiber relative to the extrusion direction.

Further, the difference between the angle of 90% cumulative frequency and the angle of 10% cumulative frequency (A90-A10) represents the difference between the fiber dispersion angle for reinforcement of 90% cumulative frequency and the fiber dispersion angle for reinforcement of 10% cumulative frequency. The larger this difference, the better the dispersion of reinforcing fibers. These measuring methods are as having described in the Example mentioned later.

In the present invention, the angle A50 of the 50% cumulative frequency is 20 to 70 °, and preferably 30 to 60 °.

Further, the difference between the angle of 90% cumulative frequency and the angle of 10% cumulative frequency (A90-A10) is preferably 40 ° or more, preferably 50 ° or more.

When A50 is smaller than 20 ° and / or when (A90-Al0) is smaller than 40 °, the degree of dispersion of the reinforcing fiber is not sufficient, so that the strength against cracking may be lowered.

As a specific example of the molded article in this invention, a catalyst, a catalyst carrier, an adsorption | suction material, a drying material, a humidity control material, etc. are mentioned, for example. In addition, the material of a molded article is not limited to an inorganic material, The extrusion molding apparatus of this invention is applicable also to various plastic materials.

Hereinafter, the extrusion molding apparatus of this invention is demonstrated to an Example.

Example  One

The clay-shaped alumina catalyst molding material was extrusion-molded using the extrusion molding apparatus shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and the molded article was manufactured. The alumina molding material contains 6 parts by weight of alumina fibers having an average fiber length of 0.4 mm and 38 parts by weight of water based on 100 parts by weight of catalyst powder.

The used die 1 is chromium plated, and has a disk shape in which eight extrusion holes 2 are arranged concentrically. The extrusion hole 2 has an inner diameter of 6.6 mm and a length of 10 mm.

The pin 5 of internal diameter 2.5mm and length 22mm is inserted in the extrusion hole 2. The rear end of three wires was fixed to the pin 5 as shown in FIG. 1, and the tip was slightly raised from the pin 5 while being wound at an angle to the pin 5.

Using this extrusion apparatus, the alumina catalyst molding material was extruded at an extrusion rate of 10 mm / minute. At this time, the pin adjusted the rotation speed so that the molding material may rotate 6 times while the molding material travels 6 mm in the extrusion hole 2.

Example  2

Instead of the pin 5 shown in FIG. 1, it extrusion-molded similarly to Example 1 except having used the pin 51 shown in FIG. However, there are two wire rods 26 fitted into the through holes of the pin 51, and the angles of the two wire rods 26 are 90 degrees.

Example  3

Instead of the pin 5 shown in FIG. 1, it extrusion-molded similarly to Example 1 except having used the pin 52 shown in FIG. However, the number of the cross rings 28 is one.

[Comparative Example]

Extrusion molding was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a pin having no projections was used.

The strength of the molded article obtained by these Examples and the comparative example was investigated by the drop strength test and the breakdown voltage test shown below.

(Pressure strength test)

When a pressure was gradually applied to the molded article cut to a length of 6.6 mm in the thickness direction (diameter direction), the pressure at which the molded article was cracked was measured, and this was taken as the breakdown strength.

(Falling strength test)

The molded article cut to a length of 6.6 mm was dried at 25 ° C. and 80% RH for 15 hours, calcined at 550 ° C., and then vertically erected with a silicone rubber stopper having a height of 30 mm at the bottom of a length of 25.4 mm and a length thereof. The differentiation rate of the molded article when the 5-meter iron pipe fell from the upper end was measured. That is, the molded products which fell were sieved, and the ratio of the crushed product, the crushed product, and the good product was evaluated based on the following criteria.

Grinded product: 8 meshes below (-8 #) [ratio of mass (mass%) which passed through 8 mesh sieve (scale 2.36 mm)]

Half-grinded product: 8 mesh upper 4 mesh lower (+ 8 #--4 #) [ratio of passing through 4 mesh sieve (scale 4.75mm) and not passing 8 mesh sieve (scale 2.36mm) ( mass%)]

· Goods: 4 mesh image (+ 4 #) [Ratio of mass not passing through 4 mesh sieves (4.75 mm)] (mass%)

In addition, the dispersion | distribution state of the fiber for reinforcement in a molded article was evaluated by the following method. First, the molded article is split so as to be parallel to the extrusion direction, the fracture surface is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a SEM photograph with a magnification of 500 times is taken. Next, the angle of the fiber for reinforcement with respect to the extrusion direction of a molded article is measured from the obtained SEM photograph. That is, the fine wire parallel to the extrusion direction of a molded article is written in a SEM photograph at arbitrary intervals, and the angle of the fiber with respect to this fine wire is measured with a protractor.

About the molded article obtained in Examples 1-3 and the comparative example, the angle of the some fiber for reinforcement was measured as mentioned above. The graph which shows the measurement result (angle distribution) is shown to FIGS. 5-8 (in figure, n represents the number of fibers). From the results of these angle measurements, the angles of 10% and 90% cumulative frequency were obtained, and from these differences, the difference (A90-A10) between the angles of (9) 0% cumulative frequency and 10% cumulative frequency was determined. . The angle A50 of 50% cumulative frequency was also obtained in the same manner.

These test results are shown in Table 1.

Tables 1 and 5 to 8 show that the molded article obtained in the Example has a higher dispersion degree of reinforcing fibers than the molded article of the comparative example, so that there are fewer so-called semi-crushed articles broken in the longitudinal direction and the pressure resistance is also improved. Can be.

According to the extrusion apparatus of the present invention, since the molding material is pushed out in a well-mixed state by stirring the molding material immediately before being extruded from the extrusion hole by the stirring means, the strength of the molded article is improved, and the molded article is cracked. Etc. can be suppressed.

Particularly, by molding the molding material containing the reinforcing fibers by the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention, since the fiber direction in the molding material can be irregularly dispersed, the molded article is less likely to be broken in the extrusion direction. Its strength is improved.

Specifically, since the angle of the fiber for reinforcement with respect to an extrusion direction is widely disperse | distributed to the extrusion molded article of this invention, there exists an effect that the intensity | strength to a crack improves.

Claims (5)

An extrusion molding apparatus which continuously pushes a molding material from an extrusion hole of a die to mold the molding material into a molded article, wherein stirring means for stirring the molding material is formed in the extrusion hole or in a die near the extrusion hole. Extrusion apparatus. The method of claim 1, And said stirring means is a projection formed in the die in or near the extrusion hole and formed on the outer periphery of the rotating pin. The molding material containing the fiber for reinforcement is shape | molded by the extrusion molding apparatus of Claim 1 or 2, The manufacturing method of the molded article by which the said molding material was shape | molded. An extruded article containing reinforcing fibers, wherein the reinforcing fibers have a 50% cumulative frequency angle of 20 ° or more with respect to the extrusion direction and a difference of 90% cumulative frequency and 10% cumulative frequency of 40 ° or more. Extruded article, characterized in that. The method of claim 4, wherein The reinforcing fiber is an extrusion molded product having an angle of 50% cumulative frequency with respect to the extrusion direction of 30 ° or more, and a difference between an angle of 90% cumulative frequency and an angle of 10% cumulative frequency of 50 ° or more.

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