KR20060093709A - Method and system of transmission power control - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to cellular mobile radio systems, and more especially it relates to Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA, cellular mobile radio systems, particularly to transmission power control in such systems. A method and apparatus for transmission of compensated TPC commands when a substantial loop delay is experienced for one or more user equipment entities is disclosed.

Description

Method and system of transmission power control {METHOD AND SYSTEM OF TRANSMISSION POWER CONTROL}

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to cellular mobile radio systems, and more particularly to code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular mobile radio systems, and more particularly to transmission power control in such systems.

A transmit power control (TCP) transmission signal or multiple TPC bits from a radio base station (RBS) to a mobile station (MS), or vice versa, informing the recipient to selectively increase or decrease the transmit power level by a prescribed amount. Is already known.

Transmit power control compensates for signal fading and interference power at the receiver. Closed loop power control according to the prior art is described with reference to FIG. In closed loop power control, the received pilot channel signal to interference ratio (SIR) is measured at the receiving end (RBS for uplink). The level of the SIR is equal to the SIR or its quantized value. The level of the SIR is compared with the target level. Information about the result of the comparison is fed back in the form of TCP commands. Radio wave propagation and power control processing introduce delay in the feedback loop. In order to achieve a feedback loop with a minimum (one slot) delay, the transmit power must be measured and controlled in one slot in response to one slot. The transmitting end controls the transmit power in response to the received TPC command. The receiving end receives the pilot signal transmitted at the adjusted level at the propagation delayed time, thereby closing the power control loop. If the level of the measured SIR is greater than the target level, the receiving end sends a command to the transmitting end (MS for uplink) to reduce power at the transmitting end. If the level of the measured SIR is less than or equal to the target level, the transmitting end is instructed to increase the transmission power correspondingly. When the level of the measured SIR is close to the target level, an interchange command of increasing and decreasing transmit power is transmitted to keep the transmit power close to a constant. The command to increase or decrease the transmit power is transmitted by one or more TPC bits. Regardless of whether the TPC command relates to uplink power control or downlink power control, the TPC command determined within and according to one predetermined slot loop delay is referred to as a regular TCP command in this patent application.

In Figure 1, an optional, TFCI field, along the slot format and link direction, indicates a transport format combination indicator for use when, for example, several simultaneous services are included.

3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP): Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network, Physical Layer Procedures, 3G TS 25.214 v3.3.0, France, June 2000, describes the timing of uplink dedicated physical channels (DPHC) in Appendix B.1. Specifies that the slot control delay is delayed by 1024 chips from the corresponding downlink DPCH to maximize the cell radius that can be achieved. In the following, this maximum radius is called the one-slot distance for the base station. Basically, according to the 3GPP technical specification, the TPC command includes one bit indicating power increase or decrease. However, the present invention does not exclude basic TPC commands that include one or more bits. Furthermore, according to the 3GPP Technical Specification, during soft handover, there is one such basic TPC bit or TPC command that will be combined into a TPC command for each associated link. As a result, the concept of a "TPC instruction" includes both such basic TPC instructions and combined TPC instructions. The 3GPP Technical Specification also describes asynchronous processing. In summary, it indicates that a set of poor quality links is not synchronized. With regard to uplink power control, the MS will shut off its transmitter during the downlink asynchronous state. During soft handover, if the reception timing for any link drifts out of range, information will be provided to allow the network to adjust the downlink timing. Regarding downlink power control, during an asynchronous period, the transmitted TPC command is set to " 1 ", that is, the command will indicate an increase in power.

European patent application EP0955735 discloses a method for positioning transmit power control data and pilot data with respect to each other within a slot which takes into account slot offset and processing delays and propagation delays between the uplink and the downlink, and a base station and a mobile station.

None of the documents mentioned above discloses closed loop transmit power control with the location of TPC data in a fixed slot for two or more slots with respect to pilot symbols, wherein the power control is less than the duration of one slot. It can adapt to varying loop delays to be larger or smaller.

If the distance between the MS and RBS is greater than one-slot distance, the power control loop delay will cause the TPC command to be issued in the slot later than the moment of transmission. If the distance is close to one-slot distance, the power control loop delay will vary between one and two slots due to the movement of the mobile station. If the loop delay is greater than one slot and a TPC command needs to be sent in one slot, the TPC command will be sent before the estimation of the channel quality of the corresponding slot is completed. Correspondingly, if the loop delay is greater than 2, 3, 4, etc. slots and the TPC commands need to be transmitted in 2, 3, 4, etc. slots respectively, the TPC command may It will be sent before the estimation is complete.

TPC commanded power levels tend to oscillate, especially in the case of fixed user equipment or user equipment moving at low speeds. This is even more pronounced when the SIR data is filtered with long integration times for SIR measurements.

As a result, it is necessary to allocate TPC commands and find the basis for the assignment to avoid excessive changes or oscillations.

Problems exist in assigning TPC commands so that the interference level does not increase and the connection is not interrupted. When commanded to reduce transmit power so that the loop delay is no greater than one slot, the interference level for other users may increase if the assigned TPC command indicates an increase in power. Similarly, if the instruction to increase the transmit power so that the loop delay is no greater than one slot, the connection can be interrupted if the assigned TPC command indicates a power reduction. Allocation becomes important due to the limitations of the TPC command that only indicate a transmission power increase or decrease according to the 3GPP technical specification.

TPC command assignment must take into account the transitional phase when the loop delay is increased or decreased to pass through the slot-boundary. This should also be applied in (pseudo-) fixed environments with loop delays greater than one (or more) slot intervals.

As a result, it is an object of the present invention to achieve stable transmit power control when the transmit power control loop delay increases beyond the slot boundary.

It is also an object of the present invention to achieve a system that is stabilized against loop delays that do not essentially change over time.

It is also an object of the present invention to make transmission power control stable and robust.

Another object is to estimate the transmit power control loop delay.

Finally, it is an object of the present invention to reduce radio interference and reduce transmission power levels between different connections in a cell of a cellular wireless communication system.

This object is directed to a method and apparatus for transmitting a TPC command based on recent available initial measurements adjusted for excessive oscillation variability by pseudo-periodic correction signals with cycle times corresponding to one half of the TPC power delay. Are satisfied by

1 illustrates slot content and timing in accordance with the prior art of transmission of a TPC command and subsequent response to the TPC;

FIG. 2 shows progressively commanded power level vs. time with oscillation of cycle time corresponding to eight slot intervals. FIG.

FIG. 3 illustrates power level vs. time received with progressively increasing commands compensated in accordance with the present invention. FIG.

4 illustrates revised power level vs. time compensation, in accordance with the present invention;

5 is a flowchart of a method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

6 is a schematic flowchart according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

7 is a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 3 of the present invention for one radio link.

8 is a block diagram according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

9 is a block diagram according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a block diagram according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

11 is a schematic illustration of a mobile station and two wireless base stations, in accordance with the present invention;

In CDMA systems in particular, it is important to control the uplink (and downlink) transmit power to a level that is not greater than necessary to keep the system's interference level and power consumption to a minimum.

The loop delay tends to produce an oscillatory behavior of controlled transmit power, as shown in FIG. The cycle time (T ₀ ) of oscillation depends on the loop delay.

Existing solutions exist to reduce or eliminate the effects from excessive loop delays that operate satisfactorily for high or medium speed moving user equipment causing loop delays to vary. However, in the case of a terminal moving at a fixed or low speed, such a solution does not apply.

The present invention operates with the minimum available loop delay and compensates for oscillations as they occur. Loop delay is dependent on load and user equipment performance as well as base station and user equipment.

In the prior art, the oscillation peak can cause the transmit power to exceed the SIR target, thereby introducing excessive interference and reducing system performance.

Received pilot bits used for SIR measurements may be determined for evaluation or filtered to estimate the received transmit power. In the latter case, an additional delay and associated oscillation operation are introduced, further contributing to the oscillation operation. In addition, this negative contribution is compensated according to the invention.

The present invention detects oscillation behavior of a controlled power control level. Pseudo-fixed cycle time, or equivalent pseudo-fixed frequency component, is preferably used to estimate closed loop transmit power control loop-delay.

Transmit power control (TPC), if present, is predistorted to compensate for oscillations. During the transition phase, if there is not enough time for loop delay estimation, no predistortion is introduced.

According to the prior art, the wireless receiving entity transmits TPC commands in seconds that each indicate whether the transmission power should be increased or decreased. The command is determined according to the received signal and interference level compared to one or more targets.

The preferred estimate of loop delay is 1/4 of the pseudo-fixed cycle time as determined, or equivalently 1 / (4f _o ), where f _o is the determined pseudo-fixed oscillation frequency. The unit of time is, for example, the fraction of seconds or the number of slots or the power control adjustment interval.

According to a preferred mode of the invention, if present, the oscillation to be compensated for at the commanded transmit power is analyzed in the frequency domain. The oscillation to be compensated for is detected if one frequency component f _o , which is less than the TPC command rate, is present, which is more dominant than the other.

According to the second mode of the invention, all frequency components above the threshold are compared with frequency components below the threshold. If the accumulated power of the frequency below the threshold is above the accumulated power of the frequency above the threshold, the oscillation to be compensated for is considered to be pervasive.

The preferred predistortion of oscillation uncompensated TPC command power levels is shown in FIG.

For the first time, the periodic predistortion signal is equal to half the cycle time and amplitude (peak-peak) of the uncompensated TPC command sequence power level << uncompensated transmit power >> oscillation cycle time and amplitude (peak-peak), respectively. Halve. Binary sequence corresponding to TPC instruction (0/1), which generates a power change corresponding to predistortion signal &lt; seq >> is determined and the uncompensated candidate TPC instruction sequence (0/1) &lt; Cand. seq. &quot; is added modulo-2 to achieve a compensated TPC command (0/1) per command before the transmission of each TPC command. Of course, when the compensated signal and the uncompensated TPC command are exactly opposite (± 1) and the signal components are multiplied, the same resulting signal will be achieved since the different representations are logarithmically equivalent.

Next, the process can be repeated for refined compensation that halves the peak-peak amplitude and cycle time of the initially compensated periodic signal. This may be repeated until the cycle time is equal to two slots. This additional step is shown in FIG.

Of course, the above-described iterative refinement does not necessarily mean that the compensation is actually performed repeatedly. This may be accomplished by adding a compensation sequence simultaneously with the resulting transmit power control command sequence that is equivalent to the repeatedly determined compensation.

In one mode of the invention, the compensation sequence is generated by neural networks in the backpropagation array.

Another mode of the invention uses certain sub-sequences for compensation.

In an additional mode of the invention, sub-sequences for compensation are generated pseudo-randomly.

Predistortion is preferably introduced until a certain number of slots do not exhibit oscillation to be compensated. In the illustrated example of FIG. 3, the predistortion starts in a particular example at time T ₁ after 12 slots corresponding to an oscillation cycle of 1.5 or 6 loop delays (using an estimated ratio of 4). .

If all TPC commands are acquired that command one power change (transmit power increase or decrease) in the same direction during the interval corresponding to the loop delay as estimated, the predistortion is blocked (or not introduced).

The present invention covers three embodiments:

Single connection predistortion

2. single connection filtering, and

3. Multiple connection predistortion at cell level.

5 shows a flowchart of a method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Preferably, when oscillation is detected using frequency analysis as described above, the loop delay is preferably estimated to one quarter of the cycle time of the dominant frequency component according to the frequency analysis. Preferably, a compensation signal of half of the peak-peak amplitude of the uncompensated transmit power control signal and half of the cycle time of the dominant frequency component is generated and injected into the uncompensated transmit power control signal. The compensation process is repeated for successive transmit power control commands until the number of consecutive identical power control commands exceeds the predetermined number, preferably corresponding to the initially estimated cycle time of the uncompensated commanded power level.

Figure 6 shows a schematic flowchart of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The loop delay is preferably estimated continuously by frequency analysis. According to the first mode of the invention, one or more dominant frequency components smaller than the TCP command rate are preferably blocked by filtering out these frequency components. The second mode of the present invention indicates whether the transmission power control is relaxed or not. If the frequency component below the dominant oscillation frequency is dominant, then transmission power control faster than the dominant oscillation frequency is required. In the case where the frequency component above the dominant oscillation frequency is dominant, the requirement for the transmit power control rate can be relaxed as long as the power control command is transmitted at the minimum frequency corresponding to the oscillation frequency.

7 schematically shows a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of the present invention for one radio link. All radio links are preferably continuously monitored for oscillations at their respective uncompensated TPC command power levels by frequency analysis in the above-described modes of the present invention. The cell interference level is also continuously monitored for each slot. For each oscillating radio link, the TPC command power level and interference level are correlated on a per slot basis. If the correlation exceeds a certain threshold, covariance is considered to be prevalent, and a predistortion pattern is injected into the uncompensated transmit power control signal for the radio link, as described above in connection with FIG.

In an alternative embodiment, cell interference measurement and correction by cell interference level is replaced by cell pair-wise correlation of uncompensated TPC command power levels of the various radio links, with the predistortion pattern not being compensated for the transmit power control signal. Are injected simultaneously into one of them.

8 shows a block diagram according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The uncompensated TPC command sequence is the oscillation detector. dat. >>. As mentioned above, the oscillation detector preferably comprises a frequency analysis entity. The output signal from the oscillation detector is input to the loop delay estimation processing circuit << Delay estim. >>. Preferably, the delay is estimated based on the oscillation frequency or cycle time output from the oscillation detector. The predistortion pattern follows the next processing entity <Predist. gen.》 The predistortion pattern is generated in accordance with the peak-peak amplitude and loop delay of the oscillation component. Due to the binary (0/1) representation, the predistortion pattern generator The compensation signal from gen. >> is added modular-2 to the uncompensated TPC command sequence. Due to the exact opposite representation, the summation entity of FIG. 8 is replaced with a multiplication entity.

Figure 9 shows a block diagram according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The uncompensated TPC command sequence is the oscillation detector. dat. >>. As described above, the speech detector preferably comprises a frequency analysis entity. The output signal from the oscillation detector is input to the loop delay estimation processing circuit << Delay estim. >>. Preferably, the delay is estimated based on the oscillation frequency output from the oscillation detector. The oscillation frequency is input into a programmable oscillation filter that filters out the uncompensated TPC command sequence &lt; TPC seq. &Gt; Achieve TPC seq. The oscillation filter is preferably a digital filter. In an alternative implementation, the filtering is performed in the frequency domain and includes the next inverse transformation into the time domain.

10 shows a block diagram according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. One or more M uncompressed sequences of TPC commands contain one or more oscillation detectors. dat. >>. In the figure, it is assumed that oscillations are detected for L in one or more M uncompensated TPC command sequences. This one or more TPC command sequences are passed to processing entity << Campare & Select >>. If there is one or more received signals at the wireless receiver that are not involved in the communication involving the M uncompensated one or more TPC command sequences, then the interference detector &lt; det. The interference detector operates similarly to the interference detector for estimating the signal-to-interference ratio, but in addition, it preferably identifies individual interference signals. One or more interfering signals and L power levels corresponding to M uncompensated one or more TPC command sequences considered to be oscillating may include L uncompensated one or more TPCs for predistortion if the interference correlation exceeds a predetermined threshold. It is input to processing entity << Corrlate & Select >> which selects K pieces from an instruction sequence. Each of the K uncompressed one or more TPC command sequences considered to be correlated with the interference is compensated as described above for the single connection predistortion according to Embodiment 1. The remaining M-K uncompensated one or more TPC command sequences are transmitted without predistortion injection.

Figure 11 schematically illustrates a subsystem comprising an MS and two RBSs in accordance with the present invention. The system implements the embodiments described above. In this figure, the RBS is shown to operate omnidirectionally. However, the present invention is not limited to omni-directional wireless base stations. The present invention can be easily used regardless of whether the RBS uses a directional antenna radiation pattern or an omni-directional antenna radiation pattern. According to three embodiments of the invention, the first radio base station RBS 1 has an oscillation analysis means 1 and a predistortion injection means 2 according to Embodiment 1 or an oscillation according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Blocking means 2 are provided. RBS 1 and RBS 2 have logic and processing capability 3, as described above for the above embodiments. The means may be included in the RBS or connected as one or more separate devices. The MS further comprises means 4 for identifying the received power control command and for responding to the received power control command. The wireless base stations (RBS 1 or RBS 2) receive signals in the uplink, where the received signal quality and loop delay form the basis of the TPC command. The TPC command is transmitted in the transmit power control of the MS, the so-called downlink for uplink power control. When the present invention is applied to downlink power control, the transmit power of the RBS is controlled, correspondingly inverting the roles of the RBS and the MS. For this situation, the MS is shown as including means 5, 6 and 7 corresponding to the means 1, 2 and 3 of the RBS, respectively, and the RBS means means corresponding to the means 4 of the MS ( 8) is provided. In the case of downlink power control, the compensation is preferably located in the RBS. In this way, excessive transmission power due to a plurality of mobile stations requesting an increase in transmission power can be avoided.

Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the receiver and transmitter characteristics of the RBS and MS are actually generic. The use of a concept such as RBS or MS in this patent application is not intended to limit the invention to only the apparatus associated with this abbreviation. This relates to all devices which operate correspondingly in the context of the present invention or which are obviously adapted by those skilled in the art. As an explicit and non-exclusive example, the present invention relates to a mobile station without a subscriber identity module (SIM), as well as user equipment including one or more SIMs.

The invention is not limited to only the above-described embodiments in detail. Changes and changes may be made without departing from the invention. This is intended to cover all modifications within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (64)

As a transmission power control method, The set transmit power control command sequence is compensated for oscillation at the corresponding uncompensated commanded transmit power level. The method of claim 1, And said compensation forms an injection power control command sequence compensated by including injection of a compensation sequence into said set transmission power command sequence. The method of claim 2, And the compensation sequence is generated in a neural network. The method of claim 3, wherein Wherein said compensation sequence is generated by back propagation. The method of claim 2, Wherein said compensation sequence is generated by concatenating one or more predetermined sequences. The method of claim 2, Wherein said compensation sequence is generated by concatenating one or more pseudo-random sequences. The method of claim 2, And said compensated transmit power control is achieved by modulo-2 addition of a compensation sequence to said set transmit power control command sequence. The method of claim 7, wherein One or more components of the sequence is one of zero or one or a multiple of them. The method of claim 2, And the compensated transmit power control is achieved by component-wise multiplying the set transmit power control command sequence by the compensated sequence. The method of claim 9, One or more components of the sequence is one of +1 or -1 or a multiple thereof. The method of claim 1, And said compensation comprises blocking one or more frequency components of said set transmit power control command sequence to form a compensated transmit power control command sequence. The method of claim 11, And said blocking is accomplished by filtering. The method of claim 12, One or more transmit power control command components indicative of the one or more frequencies greater than the oscillation frequency of oscillation at the corresponding transmit power level are in whole or in part when the power of frequency components above the oscillation frequency is greater than the power of frequency components below it. And defiltering, essentially filtering out one or more transmit power control command components indicating one or more frequencies that are essentially equal to the oscillation frequency. The method of claim 12, One or more transmit power control command components that indicate one or more frequencies that are essentially the same as the oscillation frequencies of the oscillations of the corresponding transmit power level are essentially when the power of the frequency components below the oscillation frequency is greater than the power of the higher frequency components. Transmitting power control method characterized in that the filtering is removed entirely. The method of claim 11, And said blocking is accomplished by canceling frequency transform coefficients of the frequency converted signal. The method of claim 11, At least one frequency component below a frequency threshold is cut off. The method of claim 16, At least one frequency component of energy greater than the amount of energy above the threshold is cut off. The method according to claim 16 or 17, And the frequency threshold is set essentially the same as the oscillation frequency. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, The oscillation is determined by frequency analysis. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, The loop delay is estimated in relation to the oscillation cycle time. The method of claim 20, And a loop delay is estimated to be essentially equal to one quarter of said cycle time. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, The identified oscillation is characterized in that the identified oscillation is compensated until a number of identical transmit power control commands of the set transmit power control command sequence exceeds a threshold. The method of claim 22, And the threshold value essentially corresponds to four times the loop delay. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, Wherein the oscillations of one or more radio links whose transmission power level and cell interference are correlated to a greater extent than indicated by a predetermined threshold are compensated for. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, Wherein the oscillation is compensated at a receiver. The method of claim 25, And the receiver is a wireless base station or is included in or connected to a wireless base station. The method of claim 25, And the receiver is a mobile station or is included in or connected to the mobile station. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, Wherein the oscillation is compensated at the transmitter. The method of claim 28, And said transmitter compensates for each received transmit power control commands of different mobile stations adjusted for peak transmit power capacity. The method of claim 28 or 29, And the transmitter is a wireless base station or is included in or connected to a wireless device station. The method of claim 28, And the transmitter is a mobile station or included in or coupled to the mobile station. An oscillation detector and oscillation compensation means for compensating oscillation as detected at a corresponding uncompensated commanded transmit power level of at least one set transmit power control command sequence. The method of claim 32, And the compensation means forms a compensated transmit power control command sequence by including a processing element for performing component-wise algebraic operations on the compensated sequence and the set transmit power control command sequence. The method of claim 33, wherein And a neural network for generating said compensation sequence. The method of claim 34, wherein And said neural network comprises a reverse propagation arrangement. The method of claim 33, wherein And means for concatenating one or more predetermined sequences for generating said compensation sequence. The method of claim 33, wherein And a pseudo-random number generator for generating the compensation sequence in whole or in part. The method of claim 33, wherein And said processing element performs a component-wise algebraic operation which is a modulo-2 adder for component-wise adding a compensation sequence to said set transmission power control command sequence. The method of claim 38, One or more components of the added sequence are one of zero or one or a multiple thereof. The method of claim 33, wherein And said processing element performs component-wise algebraic operations which are component-wise multipliers of the compensation sequence and the set transmission power control command sequence. The method of claim 40, Wherein the one or more components of the sequence is either +1 or -1 or a multiple of them. The method of claim 32, And said compensating means forms a compensated transmit power control command sequence by including a processing element that blocks one or more frequency components of said set transmit power control command sequence. The method of claim 42, And said compensating means comprises a processing element for blocking at least one frequency component which is a filter. The method of claim 43, One or more power control command components that indicate one or more frequencies greater than the oscillation frequency of the oscillations at the corresponding transmit power level may be filtered in whole or in part if the power of the frequency components above the oscillation frequency is greater than the power of the frequency components below it. Wherein the one or more transmit power control command components that are removed and indicative of one or more frequencies that are essentially the same as the oscillation frequency are essentially totally filtered out. The method of claim 43, One or more transmit power control command components that indicate one or more frequencies that are essentially the same as the oscillation frequencies of the oscillations of the corresponding transmit power level are essentially when the power of the frequency components below the oscillation frequency is greater than the power of the higher frequency components. Transmitting power control device characterized in that the filtering is removed as a whole. The method of claim 42, And said processing element comprises a frequency conversion entity and a block achieved by canceling frequency conversion coefficients of a frequency converted signal. The method of claim 42, And said processing element cuts off as provided one or more frequency components below a frequency threshold. The method of claim 47, And said processing element cuts off as provided one or more frequency components of energy greater than energy of the amount of frequency above said threshold. 49. The method of claim 47 or 48, And the frequency threshold is set equal to the oscillation frequency. 49. The method of any of claims 32-48, An oscillation power is detected by frequency analysis. 49. The method of any of claims 32-48, And the loop delay is estimated in relation to the oscillation cycle time. The method of claim 51, wherein And wherein said loop delay is estimated to be essentially equal to one quarter of a cycle time. 49. The method of any of claims 32-48, And transmitting the identified oscillation until the number of identical transmit power control commands in said set transmit power control command sequence exceeds a threshold. The method of claim 53 wherein And said threshold value essentially corresponds to four times said loop delay. 49. The method of any of claims 32-48, And the oscillations of the one or more radio links whose transmission power level and cell interference are correlated to a greater extent than indicated by the predetermined threshold are compensated for. 49. The method according to any one of claims 32 to 48, And a receiver device designated for said power controlled transmissions. The method of claim 56, wherein And the receiver is a wireless base station, or is included in or connected to a wireless base station. The method of claim 56, wherein And the receiver is a mobile station and is included in or connected to the mobile station. 49. The method of any of claims 32-48, And a transmitter device for transmitting power controlled transmissions. The method of claim 59, And said transmitter oscillation compensating means compensates for oscillations in each received transmit power control commands of different mobile stations adjusted for peak transmit power capacity. The method of claim 59, And the transmitter is a wireless base station, or is included in or connected to a wireless base station. The method of claim 59, And said transmitter is a mobile station or included in or connected to a mobile station. 28. A wireless communication system, characterized by means for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 27. 63. A wireless communication system characterized by the plurality of devices of any of claims 32-62.

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