KR20060088602A - Two line switch structure with very low em-wave emission - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure of an on-off type switch that can significantly reduce the amount of electromagnetic waves generated in an on-off switch, and in opposite directions to two adjacent parallel parallel lines. When the current flows, the phase difference between the currents is 180 °. Therefore, the magnetic field, the electric field, and the electromagnetic wave generated by these two currents are caused by the phase reversal between the two currents at a very distant place (at least 10 times greater) than the distance between the two lines. It is an on-off switch structure invented by utilizing the phase inversion theory that it is offset to each other and becomes almost zero. In this structure, the maximum distance between the input line and the output line is the intensity of the electromagnetic wave. It should not exceed 0.1 times (10%) of the distance from the place in question to the place where the switch is located, and the minimum distance between the two lines is mutual interference between the two lines. When the voltage or current to cut off is high, arcing or electromagnetic interference occurs easily when the switch is opened and closed, so the distance between the two lines should be secured sufficiently, so the proper distance between the two lines is limited to the range of 0.1 ~ 10mm. In addition, such a switch structure is characterized by minimizing electromagnetic interference from other switches affecting other circuits or electromagnetic radiation from a switch that may affect users or people around them.

Electromagnetic emission, double path of switch, phase reversal method

Description

Two Line Switch Structure With Very Low EM-Wave Emission

1 is an explanatory diagram of a magnetic field generated around a line when current flows in the line.

2 is a diagram illustrating a decrease in magnetic field strength due to phase inversion when current flows in two opposite directions on two parallel lines.

Figure 3a is a schematic diagram of a pushbutton switch in commercial use.

Figure 3b is a schematic diagram when configuring a double-wire structure in the pushbutton switch of Figure 3a.

Figure 4a is a schematic diagram of a toggle switch being used commercially.

4B is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the double-wire structure in the toggle switch of FIG. 4A.

※ Explanation of code for main part of drawing ※

        1: Terminal 1 of the switch to the external lead

        2: terminal 2 of the switch to the external lead

        3: switch part to determine connection and short circuit

        4: end of double track

The present invention relates to a double-track structure of a switch that minimizes the emission of electromagnetic waves, and more particularly, it is used in these devices or electric lines that can reduce the strength of electromagnetic waves generated in almost all electric and electronic devices or electric lines. It relates to the structure of various types of switches.

In general, in electric equipment, electromagnetic waves are emitted by switches for opening and closing lines as well as electric parts and lines.

In addition, since electromagnetic emission may interfere with the normal operation of neighboring circuits or components or cause misoperation, countries around the world have long restricted EMI or EMC for each device or system.

Therefore, a large number of various electronic components and machines have been developed in which electromagnetic emission is minimized. In fact, electromagnetic waves emitted from and applied to devices or systems are rapidly being reduced.

In addition, electrical or electronic devices include various switches of various types, including at least one switch for switching power. And a lot of parts consist of switches, except for parts or devices that have special functions.

On the other hand, in the vacuum cleaners used in homes, electrical components include at least two switches and motors, and in the case of a VCR, at least five switches are included. Hair dryers also include 2-3 switches, simple circuits, heating wires, It consists of a motor. Switches for this purpose usually consist of a single line rather than two lines.

At this time, if a current flows in a single line composed of one line, the magnetic field and the electric field are generated around the line according to Ampere's law, and if the flowing current is alternating current, an alternating magnetic field and an alternating electric field are generated.

When the AC electric field and the AC magnetic field are formed in the perpendicular direction to each other, electromagnetic waves are generated, and when the AC current flows, electromagnetic waves are emitted.

Of course, it involves an alternating magnetic field and an electric field. The generated electric field is simply removed by blocking it with a good conductor of electricity and then grounding or grounding it.

Magnetic fields, on the other hand, are not as simple as electric fields. Magnetic field lines that indicate the strength and direction of action of a magnetic field are transparent to all materials except superconductors, and can pass through any material. They rarely interfere with the progress of the magnetic field lines, so called nonmagnetic materials.

Only superconductors are impossible to penetrate magnetic field lines at all (type I superconductors) or only pass some (type II superconductors). The temperature at which the superconductor exhibits superconductivity is usually very low, such as liquid helium temperature (absolute temperature 4.2 degrees Celsius: minus 269.1 degrees Celsius), or ultra high temperature around 198 degrees Celsius in the case of high temperature superconductors.

Therefore, removing the magnetic field is not easy, and even if it can be removed, it is very expensive because it is necessary to maintain cryogenic or cryogenic temperatures.

On the other hand, even if the magnetic field is not completely removed, it is possible to bypass a portion of the magnetic field line to another place to significantly reduce the magnetic field strength in a certain space.

A ferromagnetic material can focus magnetic lines of force strongly, and by using a method to create a bypass path through which these focused magnetic lines of force can pass outside the space to shield the magnetic field, the concentrated magnetic lines of force can escape. Strength can be reduced.

As described above, a method of removing a direct current or an alternating magnetic field generated when current flows in a line has a very difficult problem.

By the way, the method of remarkably reducing the intensity of the electromagnetic wave or the magnetic field generated by the source has already been proposed under the name 'phase reversal method' nearly a century ago, and has been applied to many electric circuits or electronic circuits.

Details of the phase inversion method will be described in the technical problem to be achieved by the following invention.

However, since the phase inversion method is still not applicable to a switch composed of a single wire, a device that emits very little electromagnetic waves has not been developed.

 In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to construct an electromagnetic wave emission switch using a phase inversion method by configuring a switch in a double line.

In order to achieve the above object, when a current i flows in a disconnection line, the magnetic field H at a distance r from the line is

H = i / r (Equation 1)

Becomes When AC current flows, an AC magnetic field is generated.

H _o = i / r = i _o cosθ / r (Equation 2)

Becomes If an alternating current flows in the same size and opposite direction in a double track, the magnetic field at a distance r

H = H ₂ -H ₁ = i ₂ / r-i ₁ / (r + a) = (i _o cosθ) / r-(i _o cos (θ + π)) / (r + a) (Equation 3)

If the distance (r) from the point to the track is very large compared to the distance (a) between the two tracks (r >> a)

H = (i _o / r) cosθ (1-1 + a / r) = (i _o / r) cosθ (a / r) = H _o (a / r) (Equation 4)

Becomes When the distance between the two lines is very small compared to the distance, it is much lower than the magnetic field produced by the disconnection line, and the rate of reduction is proportional to the ratio of distance to distance (a / r). Therefore, the strength of the magnetic field decreases as the spacing decreases in the double track, so a double track of the switch can be configured to minimize the emission of electromagnetic waves by reducing the spacing between the lines by making the double track in the switch.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a magnetic field generated around a line when current flows in a line, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a decrease in magnetic field strength due to phase inversion when current flows in opposite directions on two parallel lines. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a pushbutton switch in commercial use, and FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a double-wire structure in the pushbutton switch of FIG. 3A, and FIG. 4. (A) is a schematic diagram of a toggle switch being used commercially, Figure 4 (b) is a schematic diagram when configuring the double-wire structure in the toggle switch of Figure 4 (a).

Table 1 shows the AC magnetic field distribution variation (operating current: 6 A. 220 V. 60 Hz) in the vicinity of the handle of the hair dryer equipped with the switches of Figs. 3A and 3B.

[Unit: mG] location Fig. 3 (a) Type Switch Fig. 3 (b) type switch Vertical direction Horizontal (=) direction Vertical direction Horizontal (=) direction One 77 21 9 11 2 99 44 20 20 3 112 32 25 15 4 114 20 25 8 5 103 20 7 6 6 57 29 18 8 7 77 46 21 19 8 70 40 18 15 9 256 39 57 15 10 266 48 52 22 11 194 27 22 17 12 264 60 41 17 13 110 28 30 5 14 153 39 54 5 15 114 31 13 17 16 112 30 12 14 17 108 76 33 15 Average 134.47 37.06 26.88 13.47

First, Figure 3 (a) is a push button switch having a single wire that is generally used, Figure 3 (b) is a push button switch having a double wire proposed in the present invention.

This is an on-off switch that connects or disconnects terminals 1 and 2, and when a current flows from terminal 1 to terminal 2 to terminal 2, magnetic fields and electromagnetic waves are generated, such as a current flowing in a disconnection line.

That is, a magnetic field H as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 is formed, and since the strength of the magnetic field is inversely proportional to the distance away from the switch, a considerable distance is required to be free from the magnetic field or the electromagnetic wave generated from the switch.

When an AC current flows through the push button switch, an AC magnetic field as shown in FIG. 2 is formed, and electromagnetic waves of the same frequency are emitted, and the farther from the switch, the intensity of the AC magnetic field and the intensity of the electromagnetic waves decrease.

In order to apply the phase reversal method to the push button switch, a line parallel to the disconnection line formed by the terminals 1, 3 and 2 may be added. 3 (b) shows a push button switch having a double track constructed in this manner. The structural difference from the disconnection switch is that

(1) a point where two lines are arranged in parallel

(2) It is a terminal biased to one side.

In a disconnection line, when current flows through terminal 1, it passes through switch 3, and then current flows out to terminal 2 located opposite terminal 1. In a double-wire switch, when current enters terminal 1, it passes through switch 3, and when point 4 is reached, the direction of the line changes 180 °, then proceeds from point 4 to terminal 2 along this reverse line and then to terminal 2 The current goes out.

At this time, the matters to be considered in constructing the double track are the arrangement method of the double track, the distance between the two tracks and the thickness (thickness and width) of the track.

The arrangement of the double lines depends on the type of switch, but according to the phase reversal principle, the two lines need to be always arranged in parallel at equal intervals.

That is, the two lines should always be arranged in parallel regardless of their shape. When the two lines are arranged in a straight line, they are symmetrical to each other, but in most cases, they may not be symmetrical.

Therefore, even if the two lines are not symmetrical, they should always be arranged in parallel at equal intervals, and morphological changes need not be considered.

In the case of a double track, the two lines are symmetrical with each other, so that the length of each disconnected line is equal to each other, and the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 are located at almost the same position on the line.

If the length of one line is longer and the positions of terminal 1 and terminal 2 are different from each other, the lead must be supplemented by a shorter length.

When constructing a double track, the distance between the two lines and the capacity of the line depend on the amount of current and voltage to be used. In order not to short circuit the line by the heat generated in the line, the thicker the line with the larger thickness and width of the line should be used as the size of the current increases.

In this case, the distance (a) between the lines must be large to exclude the electromagnetic interference that may occur between the two lines.

On the other hand, according to Equation 4, in order to reduce the strength of the electromagnetic wave or the magnetic field generated in the double track, it must be far from the switch or the distance is small.

That is, a large distance is required in consideration of electromagnetic interference between lines, and a small distance is advantageous in consideration of emitted electromagnetic waves or magnetic fields. Therefore, the optimum spacing is determined by the current and voltage used and the strength of the electromagnetic wave or magnetic field to be considered, and the value is in the range of 0.1 to 10 mm.

Narrow spacing of 0.1mm is required for regulating low-current and low-voltage supplies, and 10mm spacing is required for high current and high-voltage applications.

In the case where the distance from the distance r in Eq. 4 is very small, the intensity of the electromagnetic or magnetic field decreases in proportion to (a / r). In this case, the intensity of the magnetic field generated when the distance a is 0.1 or less relative to the distance is reduced to 10%.

At this time, since the intensity of the electromagnetic wave is proportional to the square of the magnetic field, if the interval is 0.1 times the distance, the intensity of the electromagnetic wave is reduced to 1%. Therefore, in order to significantly reduce the strength of the magnetic field, the ratio (a / r) should be 0.1 at the largest case.

4 (a) is a model diagram showing an operation model of a toggle switch that is commercially available.

The operation principle of the switch is the same as that of the push button switch of Fig. 3 (a), but only the short circuit mechanism of the switch is different. The positions of the terminals and the switch are also the same, but the external shape is remarkably different. When the phase inversion is applied to the switch of FIG. 4 (a), it is as shown in FIG. 4 (b).

And, the basic principle of the decrease in the intensity of the electromagnetic wave and the attenuation of the magnetic field is the same as in FIG.

Referring to the operation and effects of the present invention made of the above configuration in detail as follows.

First, the distribution of the alternating magnetic field in the handle of the hair dryer equipped with the push button switch of FIG.

When the current flowing through this switch is 6A (220V, 60Hz), the distribution of AC magnetic field measured 2cm away from the switch is shown in Table 1 above. The AC magnetic field in the vertical direction of the handle was 57-266mG and the horizontal direction was 20-76mG. The arithmetic mean was 134mG in the vertical direction and 37mG in the horizontal direction.

In addition, when the switch of FIG. 3 (b) is connected to the push button switch shown in FIG. 3 (a) with a 5 mm gap, the AC magnetic field has a vertical direction of 9-54 mG (average 27 mG) and a horizontal direction 5- The distribution changed to 22 mG (average 13.4 mG).

The mean value varied from 134mG to 27mG in the vertical direction and 13.4mG in 37mG in the horizontal direction, which decreased to 20% in the vertical direction and 36% in the horizontal direction.

At this time, the difference in the reduction rate according to the direction is due to the difference between the arrangement direction of the double track and the measurement direction.

From the above test results, it can be seen that the push button switch having the structure changed to the double track reduces the magnetic field generation intensity to 40% or less. In addition, this indicates that the intensity of the electromagnetic wave is reduced to 16%.

As a result of applying this kind of irradiation to the 3P type toggle switch, the magnetic field generating strength is reduced to less than 30%.

The present invention described above is capable of various substitutions and modifications without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention for those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is not limited.

To date, research has revealed that the mechanism of accumulation in human body and exposure to disease after exposure to electromagnetic waves has not been clinically determined yet, and the debate on harmful effects continues (but strong electromagnetic waves are considered harmful. As a result of various epidemiological studies, long-term exposure to electromagnetic waves has been reported to cause fatal diseases such as leukemia, brain cancer, breast cancer, and nervous system tumors. Reported.

As a result of the practical distance, the average massager showed the highest emission level with an average of 247.07μT (2470.7mG), followed by electric field 5.24μT, hair dryer 2.64μT, microwave oven 2.14μT, and vacuum cleaner 1.58μT. This is considered to have a great effect on the human body, especially considering that it is used in direct contact with our body.

Therefore, the present invention that can solve the above problems is a useful invention to minimize the electromagnetic waves derived from various electrical and electronic devices by implementing a double-wire switch to be more harmless and safe to human body.

Claims (1)

In a switch composed of a single line to reduce the emission of electromagnetic waves and magnetic fields generated by the switch, A switch having a double-lined line extending in parallel to another line in the opposite direction extending at the end of the single line, and the terminals of the switch connected to the external lead is not arranged in the opposite direction to the same place Location. The distance between the two lines is adjusted to 0.1 to 10 mm, and the two lines are always arranged in parallel with each other so that the phases of the current flowing in the two lines are inverted by 180 degrees, and the lengths of the lines are the same, but they do not have to be geometrically symmetrical. Double track structure of the switch to minimize the emission of electromagnetic waves.

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