KR20060082108A - Hybrid generation system using solar light and wind power - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hybrid power generation system, and more particularly, solar and wind power supplying uninterrupted power to a load that can be operated by a power source that requires emergency power or consumes less power, such as a street lamp, a communication base station, an unmanned camera, and the like. It relates to a hybrid power generation system used.

In order to achieve the above object, a hybrid power generation system using solar light and wind power according to the present invention includes a small wind power generator, a wind speed sensor for detecting wind speed of the wind power generator, and a rectifier for converting AC power generated from the wind power generator into direct current. And a wind power generation unit comprising a unit control unit including a wind power storage and a control device to temporarily store the DC power; A solar power generator consisting of a solar cell, a DC / DC converter for converting the DC power generated by the solar generator according to the used voltage, and a solar power storage for temporarily storing the DC power passing through the DC / DC converter. A photovoltaic unit configured; And a management unit for collecting power and data transmitted from the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic unit and transmitting the data to each load and management server.

In addition, the management unit for storing the power generated in the wind power unit and the photovoltaic unit and supplies to the load, a mass storage, an inverter for converting the DC power supplied from the mass storage into an alternating current, AC through the inverter A central controller comprising a filter for removing harmonics of electric power, a transformer for converting AC power passing through the filter into commercial power, and a controller for controlling the operation of the central controller; A diagnosis unit for diagnosing components of the power generation facility and power quality transmitted to each load; And a communication unit for transmitting data of the diagnosis unit to a management server.

In particular, the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic unit detects the amount of power generated by the wind turbine and the photovoltaic generator and executes according to the amount of power generation to interrupt the power flow from the unit power generation unit that does not actively generate power to the management unit. It further comprises a circuit.

Wind power, photovoltaic, hybrid, interrupt circuit, online diagnosis, storage

Description

Hybrid generation system using solar light and wind power

1 is a view showing the configuration of a hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power according to the present invention.

2 is a view showing the configuration of a unit control unit of a hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a view showing the configuration of the central control unit of the hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power in accordance with the present invention.

4 is a view showing a diagnostic unit of a hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: wind power generation unit 110: wind power generator

120: wind speed sensor 130: unit control unit

136: breaker

200: solar power unit 210: solar generator

231: DC / DC converter 232: solar power storage

234: solar power interrupt circuit 236: circuit breaker

300: management unit 310: management server

330: central control unit 340: diagnostic unit

350: communication unit 400: load

The present invention relates to a hybrid power generation system, and more particularly, solar and wind power supplying uninterrupted power to a load that can be operated by a power source that requires emergency power or consumes less power, such as a street lamp, a communication base station, an unmanned camera, and the like. It relates to a hybrid power generation system used.

Photovoltaic power generation uses the principle that electricity is generated by the photoelectric effect when sunlight is emitted to a solar panel, which is a semiconductor device, and is one of the representative alternative energy utilization systems as pollution-free, noiseless, and infinite energy. General photovoltaic power generation system consists of module consisting of solar cell, controller, storage battery and inverter, and it is used by connecting to independent system installed in remote place such as mountain, wallpaper and island and house and external electric wire according to system usage method. It can be divided into a grid-connected system that sells the surplus power to a power company, and a hybrid system that generates power by combining a solar power generator with diesel and wind power.

However, the photovoltaic power generation as described above is dependent on the position of the solar power generation amount, there is a problem that the power supply is impossible as a stable power supply for the constant load is impossible in the weather without sunlight.

In addition, wind power generation is a pollution-free energy source in a natural state, and converts wind power into rotational power to directly supply power generated to a power system or a consumer. The wind power generation system uses various types of windmills to convert wind energy into mechanical power. It is a system that converts energy into energy and drives a generator to obtain electric power.

Generally, a wind turbine includes a horizontal wind turbine and a vertical wind turbine. Horizontal axis wind power generator is a wind power generation system whose axis of rotation is horizontal with respect to the direction of wind. It is easy to install due to its relatively simple structure, but it is influenced by the direction of the wind. In general, horizontal axis wind turbines require a cut-in wind speed of 4 m / s, a rated wind speed of 13.5 m / s, and a cut-out wind speed of 25 m / s. Most used. Vertical axis wind power generator is a wind power generation system that is perpendicular to the direction in which the rotating shaft blows in the wind. It can be installed in desert or flat land regardless of the direction of the wind, but the installation rate is low and the efficiency is low. In the case of large or large volumes, higher wind speeds are required for the initial maneuver than the horizontal axis.

In general, a large-capacity wind power generator used in general requires a high wind speed in initial start-up, but it is difficult to be distributed because it does not meet the situation of Korea, which has an average wind speed of 4 m / s or less.

In order to solve the above problems, a hybrid power generation system for providing power to a streetlight by using a solar generator and a small capacity wind power generator together has been proposed.

However, when power generated from two generators having different properties, such as the solar power generator and the wind power generator, is input at the same time, there is a problem in that expensive power generation equipment is damaged due to collision or reverse current.

In addition, if the power quality monitoring, system diagnosis, and blocking system of the photovoltaic generator and the wind generator are not properly made in real time, there is a problem that can not be flexibly coped.

The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, by combining a small wind power generator and a photovoltaic power generation system in parallel to form a hybrid power generation system by using wind resources when it is impossible to generate solar power such as rainy weather Its purpose is to enable uninterruptible power supply.

In addition, by using a small-capacity wind generator to supply power to a relatively low load power consumption, such as street lamps, communication base stations, unmanned cameras, the purpose is to increase the penetration rate of the wind power generator and reduce the power cost for the load facility.

In addition, by sensing the amount of power generated by the wind generator through the wind sensor, if the wind power generation is active, using an interrupt circuit to prevent the power input of the solar generator, if the solar power generation is active by using the interrupt circuit By preventing the power input of the generator, it is aimed to prevent the equipment from being damaged by the collision of power or the reverse current caused by the power input from both power generation units at the same time.

In addition, by performing an online diagnosis and monitoring of the power generation system and receiving the result through the communication unit to analyze it, the purpose of the two-way communication that can be optimally controlled between the power generation system and the remote management server.

In order to achieve the above object, the hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power according to the present invention is a small wind power generator, a wind speed sensor for detecting the wind speed of the wind generator, and converts the AC power generated in the wind power generator into direct current A wind power generation unit comprising a rectifier and a unit control unit including a wind power storage and a control device to temporarily store the DC power; A solar power generator consisting of a solar cell, a DC / DC converter for converting the DC power generated by the solar generator according to the used voltage, and a solar power storage for temporarily storing the DC power passing through the DC / DC converter. A photovoltaic unit configured; And a management unit for collecting power and data transmitted from the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic unit and transmitting the data to each load and management server.

In addition, the hybrid power generation system using the solar light and the wind according to the present invention, the management unit stores the power generated in the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic unit and supplies to the load, and the direct current power supplied from the mass storage A inverter for converting AC into AC, a filter for removing harmonics of AC power passing through the inverter, a transformer for converting AC power passing through the filter into commercial power, and a controller for controlling the operation of the central control unit. A central control unit; A diagnosis unit for diagnosing components of the power generation facility and power quality transmitted to each load; And a communication unit for transmitting data of the diagnosis unit to a management server.

In addition, the hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power according to the present invention is characterized in that the mass storage uses a battery and / or a super capacitor.

In addition, the hybrid power generation system using the solar light and wind according to the present invention, the diagnostic unit and a rotary device diagnostic unit for diagnosing the wind power generator; A storage diagnosis unit for diagnosing wind power storage, solar power storage, and mass storage; An inverter diagnosis unit for diagnosing the operation of the inverter and the filter; And a power quality diagnosis unit for diagnosing power quality.

In particular, the hybrid power generation system using the solar light and wind power according to the present invention, the wind power unit and the photovoltaic unit detects the amount of power generated by the wind generator and the photovoltaic generator to run according to the amount of power generation is not actively made And an interrupt circuit for temporarily interrupting power flow from the unit power generation unit to the management unit.

In addition, the wind power storage and the photovoltaic storage is characterized by using a battery and / or a super capacitor.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a view showing the configuration of a hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus includes a wind power generation unit 100 for converting wind energy into electrical energy, a solar power generation unit 200 for converting solar energy into electrical energy, and the wind power generation unit ( 100) and the management unit 300 for storing the power generated in the photovoltaic unit 200 and supplies to each load.

The wind power generation unit 100 stores a small wind power generator 110, a wind speed sensor 120 for detecting the wind speed of the wind power generator 110, and the power generated by the wind power generator 110, the management unit ( The unit control unit 130 transmits to the control unit 300 and detects the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 110 through the wind speed sensor 120 to prevent power from being simultaneously supplied to the management unit 300 from two types of unit units.

The wind generator 110 generally uses a synchronous generator capable of driving the motor by a starting motor, advantageous in control, and efficient in maintenance, and using a semi-permanent direct current, permanent magnet / electromagnetic generator. desirable.

In addition, the wind speed sensor 120 detects the wind speed in real time and serves as an initial start of the wind power generator 110, and the detected wind speed is transmitted to the management server 210 online so that online diagnosis and monitoring of the hybrid power generation system is performed. To make it possible.

In addition, the unit controller 130 converts and stores the AC power transferred through the wind power generator 110 into a direct current, transmits the stored power to the management unit 300, and detects the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 110 to properly interrupt the circuit. By controlling the control units 134 and 234, two kinds of powers having different properties from the two generators to the management unit 300 are simultaneously introduced to prevent the reverse current phenomenon.

In addition, the photovoltaic power generation unit 200 changes the DC power generated by the photovoltaic power generator 210 and the solar power storage unit 230 with the photovoltaic power generator 210 including the parallel and parallel solar cells. The DC / DC converter 220, the solar power storage 230 for temporarily storing the DC power passing through the DC / DC converter 220, and the unit control unit 130 in conjunction with the wind power generator 110 It includes an interrupt circuit 234 for temporarily blocking the photovoltaic power flow flowing into the management unit 300 according to the amount of power generated.

In addition, the management unit 300 collects and stores the power generated in the wind power generation unit 100 and the photovoltaic unit 200, and transmits back to each load, the central control unit 330, power quality diagnosis, inverter diagnosis and By performing battery diagnosis in real time and transmitting online, the diagnostic unit 340 for supplying high-quality power to customers and performing preventive maintenance of power generation facilities, and bidirectional communication is possible using a gateway. It comprises a communication unit 350 for transmitting the measured data to the management server 310. The diagnosis unit 340 diagnoses and monitors all components of the hybrid power generation system, and the communication unit 350 is interlocked with the unit controller 130, the central control unit 330, and the diagnosis unit 340. It is designed to transmit various data such as the diagnosis result and the wind speed measured by the wind speed sensor 120 to the remote management server 310.

In addition, the power generated in the wind power generation unit 100 or the photovoltaic unit 200 is supplied to each load 300 through the management unit 200, the breakers 136, 236 for each power generation unit (100, 200) ) To achieve the purpose of constant power supply even when troubleshooting, etc., and to prevent the reverse current by the interrupt circuit (134, 234) is executed when the amount of power generated in each power generation unit (100, 200) changes Uninterruptible power supply is possible. For example, when the photovoltaic voltage is low and the wind power is abundant as in rainy weather, the unit controller 130 executes the photovoltaic interrupt circuit 234 to stop the photovoltaic power from flowing into the manager 300. The wind power is supplied to the management unit 300 and stored in the mass storage 332 of the central controller 330. In addition, when the wind power generation voltage is low and there is abundant photovoltaic power, such as a sunny day without wind, the unit controller 130 executes the wind power generation interrupt circuit 134 to stop the wind power generation from entering the management unit 300, The solar power is supplied to the management unit 300 and stored in the mass storage 332 of the central controller 330. Therefore, the two generators can be generated at the same time and the generated power is stored in the storage of each unit unit (100, 200), the power from each unit unit (100, 200) to the management unit 300 according to the situation By being supplied, the wind power storage 132 or the photovoltaic storage 232 may serve as a secondary storage, thereby providing a more stable power supply.

2 is a view showing the configuration of a unit control unit of a hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the unit controller 130 includes a rectifier 131 for rectifying power generated by the wind power generator 110, a wind power storage 132 for temporarily storing power passing through the rectifier, and a unit controller. The control device 133 for controlling the operation, and the interrupt circuit 134 for temporarily intercepting the wind power generation flow flowing from the wind turbine 110 to the management unit 300 in accordance with the amount of power generated in conjunction with the control device 133 It is configured to include). In addition, it may further include a DC / DC converter 135 temporarily stored in the wind power storage 132 and supplied to the management unit 300 according to the mass storage 332 of the central controller 330. have.

That is, the AC power generated in the wind generator 110 is converted into direct current through the rectifier 131 and stored in the wind power storage 132. The wind power storage 132 may be a supercapacitor or a battery, but more preferably, a rapidly changing wind resource is efficiently stored by using a supercapacitor having fast charge and discharge characteristics. In addition, the wind power generator 110 supplies the starting power from the wind power storage 132 at the initial start by the breeze.

In addition, the DC power temporarily stored in the wind power storage 132 is transmitted to the mass storage 332 of the management unit 300, and the voltage on the wind power storage 132 side is lower than the voltage on the mass storage 332 side. In this case, the DC / DC converter 135 may be added to facilitate power transmission. In addition, all of the above transmission process is controlled by the control device 133.

In addition, the control device 133 controls the operation of each component constituting the wind power generation unit 100, wind speed and rectifier 131, wind power storage 132 and DC measured by the wind speed sensor 120 Controls the current transmitted through the / DC converter 135, and when the amount of power of the wind power generator 110 surges, the solar power interrupt circuit 234 is executed to temporarily stop the solar power transmitted to the management unit 300. When the wind power generation is not actively performed, the wind power generation interrupt circuit 134 is executed to temporarily cut off the wind power transmitted to the management unit 300. The photovoltaic interrupt circuit 234 and the wind power interrupt circuit 134 controlled by the control device 133 serve as a switch controlled according to power generation of two power generation units in transmitting power to the management unit 300. This prevents reverse current from occurring. That is, when the photovoltaic interrupt circuit 234 is executed, since the wind power generation interrupt circuit 134 is not executed, the power of the wind power generation unit 100 is transmitted to the management unit 300, and the wind power generation interrupt circuit ( When the 134 is executed, since the photovoltaic interrupt circuit 234 is not executed, the power of the photovoltaic unit 200 is transmitted to the manager 300. Therefore, it is possible to prevent damage to the power generation equipment which may occur due to a reverse current phenomenon in which power is transferred from one power generation unit to the other power generation unit.

In addition, since the unit controller 130 is interlocked with the communication unit 350 of the manager 300, the diagnostic data of the unit power generation units 100 and 200, such as wind speed data and power quality data, is managed through the communication unit 350. Since it is transmitted to 310, the diagnosis and monitoring through the remote management server is made.

3 is a view showing the configuration of the central control unit of the hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the central controller 230 collects and stores DC power transmitted from the wind power generation unit 100 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 200, and then transfers the mass power to each load 400. 332), an inverter 331 for converting DC power supplied from the mass storage 332 into AC power, a filter 334 for removing harmonics of AC power passing through the inverter, and AC power passing through the filter. A transformer 335 for converting to commercial power, and a control device 333 for controlling and sensing the operation of the central control unit 330 is configured.

In the storage of the hybrid power generation system that stores the power generated from the wind generator 110 and the photovoltaic generator and supplies them to each load with low power consumption, the AC power generated from the wind generator 110 is converted by the rectifier 131 to generate wind power. DC power stored in the power generation storage 132 and transmitted to the management unit 300 and DC power generated in the photovoltaic generator 210 and stored in the photovoltaic storage 232 and transmitted to the management unit 300 are stored. The hybrid storage system is stored in the mass storage 332 of the central controller 330 again. Therefore, since the power generated in the wind turbine 110 and the photovoltaic generator 210 is stored and supplied to the storage system in two stages, the uninterruptible power can be supplied to the load 400. The mass storage 332 may use a supercapacitor or a battery in parallel, and the power supply to the load 400 is made in the mass storage 232 configured as a storage battery of the central controller 330, and diagnoses all power. The unit 340 performs power quality monitoring to supply high quality power to the consumer.

In addition, the control device 333 is designed to be ON / OFF by a timer for a load having a periodic time, and the light sensor and timer mixed ON / OFF control for the lighting load, so that the remote management server 310 Control of non-periodic loads is also possible.

4 is a diagram illustrating a diagnosis unit of a hybrid power generation system using solar light and wind power according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the diagnosis unit 340 for securing stability and reliability in a remote monitoring system by constructing a regular diagnosis system for a power converter, storage, etc. includes a rotary device diagnosis unit for diagnosing the wind power generator 110. A storage diagnosis unit for diagnosing the wind power storage 132, the photovoltaic storage 232, and the mass storage 332, an inverter diagnosis unit for diagnosing operations of the inverter 331 and the filter 334, and power quality. It is configured to include a power quality diagnostics for diagnosing.

The rotary device diagnosis unit and the inverter diagnosis unit analyze the voltage and current waveforms flowing in the live state to perform remote failure diagnosis on the inverter of the wind generator 110 and the central controller 330. That is, the rotary device diagnosis unit matches the database of voltage and current waveforms for the failure in case of a failure, such as the rotation axis, the number of shafts, the fixed portion, the insulation of the winding, vibration, damage to the housing, uneven air gap of the unit generator 110 Analyze the match and determine whether the equipment is damaged. In addition, when a failure occurs in the smoothing capacitor, the power electronic device, or the like, the inverter diagnosis unit matches the database of voltage and current waveforms for the corresponding failure and analyzes whether the corresponding device is damaged.

The storage diagnosis unit measures the impedance and conductance of the wind power storage 132, the photovoltaic storage 232, and the mass storage 332. The wind power storage 132, the photovoltaic storage 232, Predict lifespan of mass storage 232 and monitor power storage at all times. As described above, the DC method and the AC method are used for the method of diagnosing storage, and it is more preferable to use the AC method. The DC method is a method of measuring the current and voltage applied to the load by applying a load to the storage, the AC method is a method of measuring by applying a voltage of a constant frequency to the storage, the classical method DC method has a disadvantage that requires a large current On the other hand, the AC method can detect even a small signal. In the AC method, an impedance measurement method and a conductance measurement method are used. The impedance measurement method is a method of detecting a current flowing in storage and a composite AC voltage drop of a cell, and the conductance measuring method generates a small voltage signal to measure a current flowing in the storage. It is a method of estimating discharge capacity by measuring how much current the storage can carry. The impedance measuring method and the conductance measuring method check the performance degradation by the internal impedance, and can accurately and safely measure the measurement risk.

In addition, the power quality diagnosis unit is a device for measuring the power of the system in the on-grid (ON-GRID) state installed at several points of the facility at the same time to measure the voltage, current, harmonics, etc. in place of the existing analog meter and flicker Digitally monitor events such as power factor, effective reactive apparent power and frequency. In addition, the power quality diagnosis system as described above, the step of receiving the current voltage, current, the input voltage, the current passes through a low pass filter (Low Pass Filter), the voltage passed through the low pass filter, current Passing through the A / D converter, calculating data passing through the A / D converter through a DSP (CPU), storing the calculated data in data storage, and managing the stored data. )).

In addition, all the data diagnosed in the above diagnostic unit together with the data measured by the wind speed sensor 120, is delivered online to the remote management server 310 through the communication unit 350, the mobile management server when an alarm occurs (310).

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and technical ideas that can be modified and converted by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention also belong to the following claims. Should be seen.

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the present invention produces power by using alternative energy such as solar and wind resources as a pollution-free energy source, thereby preparing for resource exhaustion and reducing environmental pollution.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of increasing the diffusion rate of the wind power generation system and reduce the installation cost by minimizing the wind speed and the rated wind speed by enabling the wind turbine to be started in various directions and breezes.

In addition, the present invention by combining a small wind turbine and a photovoltaic power generation system in parallel to form a hybrid power generation system, if it is impossible to generate power by solar, such as rainy weather, use the wind resources, wind power like a sunny day without wind If it is impossible to generate power by using solar resources, there is an effect of supplying power uninterrupted.

In addition, the present invention has the effect of increasing the diffusion rate of the wind power generator and reducing the power cost for the load facility by supplying power to a load of low power consumption, such as street lamps, communication base stations, unmanned cameras using a small capacity wind generator.

In addition, the present invention senses the generation voltage of the photovoltaic and wind generators, when the wind power generation is active to prevent the power input of the solar generator using an interrupt circuit, when the solar power generation is active interrupt circuit By preventing the power input of the wind power generator, it is effective to prevent the equipment from being damaged due to collision or reverse current generated by the power input from both power generation units at the same time.

In addition, since the present invention uses a wind generator and a solar generator connected in parallel, even if a failure cause occurs in one unit generator, the entire power generation system operates normally, thereby reducing the waste of resources.

In addition, the present invention by applying a super-capacitor and a battery having a fast charging characteristics to the storage for storing the power has an effect that the power is rapidly supplied to the load by storing the rapidly changing power efficiently. .

In addition, the present invention by performing online diagnostic and monitoring for the entire photovoltaic and wind power generation system and receiving the result through the communication unit and analyzing it, stability and reliability by optimal control by two-way communication between the system and the remote management server There is an effect of constructing the secured unmanned power generation facilities.

In addition, the present invention has the effect that all the power flow of the power generation system is diagnosed in the diagnosis unit, the power supply to the high-precision equipment by controlling the central control unit so that only the high quality power is supplied to the load.

Claims (6)

A unit control unit including a small wind power generator, a wind speed sensor for detecting the wind speed of the wind generator, a rectifier for converting AC power generated by the wind generator into direct current, and a wind power storage and a control device for temporarily storing the direct current power. A wind power generation unit configured; A solar power generator consisting of a solar cell, a DC / DC converter for converting the DC power generated by the solar generator according to the used voltage, and a solar power storage for temporarily storing the DC power passing through the DC / DC converter. A photovoltaic unit configured; And Hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power, characterized in that it comprises a management unit for collecting the power and data transmitted from the wind power unit and the photovoltaic unit and transmits to each load and management server. The method of claim 1, wherein the management unit Mass storage for storing the power generated from the wind power generation unit and the solar power generation unit and supplying it to the load, inverter for converting the DC power supplied from the mass storage into AC, and harmonics of AC power passing through the inverter are removed A central control unit comprising a filter, a transformer for converting AC power passing through the filter into commercial power, and a control unit controlling an operation of the central control unit; A diagnosis unit for diagnosing components of the power generation facility and power quality transmitted to each load; And Hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power, characterized in that comprises a communication unit for transmitting the data of the diagnostic unit to the management server. The method of claim 2, wherein the mass storage Hybrid power system using solar and wind power, characterized in that using a battery and / or super capacitor. The method of claim 2, wherein the diagnostic unit, A rotary device diagnosis unit for diagnosing the wind power generator; A storage diagnosis unit for diagnosing wind power storage, solar power storage, and mass storage; An inverter diagnosis unit for diagnosing the operation of the inverter and the filter; And Hybrid power generation system using solar and wind power, characterized in that comprises a power quality diagnosis unit for diagnosing power quality. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wind power unit and the photovoltaic unit is It further comprises an interrupt circuit for sensing the amount of power generated by the wind generator and the solar power generator and executing according to the amount of power generation to temporarily cut off the power flow from the unit power generation unit that does not actively generate power to the management unit. Hybrid power generation system using light and wind power. The method of claim 5, wherein the wind power storage and photovoltaic storage Hybrid power system using solar and wind power, characterized in that using a battery and / or super capacitor.

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