KR20060081179A - A structure of high efficient electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The electric motor of the present invention, the housing forming the interior of the cylinder form; A columnar rotor accommodated in the housing and rotatable; A shaft shaft fixed to the center of the rotor to extract the rotational force of the rotor to the outside; At least two housing permanent magnets magnetized to face the center of the housing, wherein the magnetic pole faces of the two magnetic pole faces are fixed to the wall surface of the housing at an equal distance from each other; At least two rotor permanent magnets which are magnetized to attract or repulse each other when adjacent to the housing permanent magnets and are fixed to the rotor surface; The housing permanent magnet is disposed between the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet and fixed to the housing so as to correspond to the magnetic pole face toward the center of the housing among the two magnetic pole surfaces of the housing permanent magnet. An electromagnet capable of generating magnetic field lines in the same direction as or opposite to the magnetic field lines; And a switch controlling a current supplied to the electromagnet.

Description

Structure of high efficiency electric motor {A STRUCTURE OF HIGH EFFICIENT ELECTRIC MOTOR}

1 is a diagram of a conventional high efficiency motor.

2 illustrates the speculative background principle of the present invention.

3 illustrates a basic embodiment of the present invention.

4 illustrates in stages the rotation of the basic embodiment of the present invention.

5 and 6 show current waveforms for the above embodiment.

7 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention using the repulsive force.

8 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention with reduced rotor permanent magnets.

9 is a diagram illustrating the rotation of the embodiment of FIG. 8 step by step;

Fig. 10 shows the current waveform for this embodiment.

11 and 12 are views illustrating another embodiment of the present invention in which one side of the rotor permanent magnet is inclined.

13 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention to which the field-reinforced permanent magnet is attached.

14 is a diagram illustrating a step-by-step operation of the field-reinforced permanent magnet.

15 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention in which the outer housing is rotated.

16 shows another embodiment of the invention with a housing consisting of a plurality of rings.

17 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention having rotor permanent magnets staggered with each other on a row basis.

The present invention relates to a structure of a high-efficiency electric motor, and more particularly to a structure of a high-efficiency electric motor with improved output efficiency compared to the input by using the repulsive force between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet.

As is well known, the general principle of operation of an electric motor is that the electric current is inputted to the rotor through a brush, and the magnetic field induced by the current is applied to the repulsive force with the stator fixedly placed in the housing of the motor. When created, this repulsive force causes the rotor to rotate and generate power.

Such a conventional electric motor consumes a considerable amount of input power due to mechanical friction generated during rotation of the rotor and core loss due to magnetic field generation and conversion, without being converted into rotational force.

Accordingly, in order to improve the efficiency of such electric motors, efforts have been made to change the position and shape between the rotor and the stator or to improve the precision of parts.

For example, U.S. Patent 5109172 shown in FIG. 1A improves the permanent magnet structure to generate high magnetic flux density and high reluctance at the inner periphery and low leakage magnetic flux and low reluctance at the outer periphery. It is a technology related to DC motor with more power, greater efficiency and less noise than conventional DC motor of the same size.

Japanese Patent No. 2924122 has a recessed part step in a part of the inner diameter side of the perturbation part side of the commutator piece so that it is easy to install in a mold mold. When the generated magnetic flux passes through the ring, the counter magnetic flux is generated inside the ring by Lenz's law, and the counter magnetic flux is added to the changing magnetic flux, and as a result, the total magnetic flux becomes constant and applied to the internal configuration of the permanent magnet electric motor. This reduces the noise and vibration caused by changing magnetic fluxes.

US Patent 6194799 shown in FIG. 1B is a DC permanent magnet electric motor having a high power-to-load ratio at a relatively low rotational speed, which provides a means for increasing the use of permanent magnet materials in a DC permanent magnet motor, thereby providing a relatively low rotational speed. In addition to providing a large diameter planar rotor that is driven to increase motor power at the same time, air is provided to eliminate excessive noise, overheating and internal air pressure losses.

However, in spite of the conventional efforts, the output efficiency of the electric motor itself is still about 80%. Therefore, the present invention adopts a new method in such a conventional electric motor structure to improve its efficiency or power factor. It was developed for the purpose of improving.

As described above, the present invention is to improve the efficiency of the electric motor, specifically, to control the attraction and repulsion of the two permanent magnets and the electromagnet disposed between the structure of the new electric motor with improved output efficiency compared to the input It aims to provide.

An electric motor of the present invention for achieving the above object, the housing forming the interior of the cylinder; A columnar rotor accommodated in the housing and rotatable; A shaft shaft fixed to the center of the rotor to extract the rotational force of the rotor to the outside; At least two housing permanent magnets magnetized to face the center of the housing, wherein the magnetic pole faces of the two magnetic pole faces are fixed to the wall surface of the housing at an equal distance from each other; At least two rotor permanent magnets which are magnetized to attract or repulse each other when adjacent to the housing permanent magnets and are fixed to the rotor surface; The housing permanent magnet is disposed between the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet and fixed to the housing so as to correspond to the magnetic pole face toward the center of the housing among the two magnetic pole surfaces of the housing permanent magnet. An electromagnet capable of generating magnetic field lines in the same direction as or opposite to the magnetic field lines; And a switch controlling a current supplied to the electromagnet.

The rotor permanent magnets are all three and are fixed to the rotor surface at 120 ° intervals from each other, and the housing permanent magnets are all three of them or the rotor permanent magnets are all four at 90 ° intervals from each other. It is fixed to the rotor surface, the housing permanent magnets may be all four of the sum total.

In addition, the rotor permanent magnet is in the form of a plate may be inclined at an oblique angle as compared to the surface of the rotor, the plate-shaped side may be more protruding than the other side.

In addition, a magnetic screen disposed at the rear of the rotor permanent magnet with respect to the rotational direction of the rotor and having a polarity identical to the polarity of the surface of the rotor permanent magnet is substantially in the tangential direction of the rotor surface. It is also possible to further include a field-reinforced permanent magnet that emits a magnetic field in the same direction.

When the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are magnetized in the same direction and exert attractive force on each other, the magnetic force lines generated by supplying electric current to the electromagnet include the rotor permanent magnet closest to the electromagnet. It is generated in the direction of canceling the magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet until the distance away by a predetermined distance by the rotation of the electron, another rotor permanent magnet is a predetermined distance to the electromagnet by the rotation of the rotor If it comes close, it can work by removing the current supply to the electromagnet.

When another rotor permanent magnet approaches the electromagnet by a predetermined distance or more by the rotation of the rotor, the magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet may be generated in a direction of strengthening.

When the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are magnetized in opposite directions and exert repulsion when adjacent to each other, the magnetic force lines generated by supplying current to the electromagnet are permanently rotated to the electromagnet by the rotation of the rotor. When a magnet approaches a predetermined distance or more, it is generated in a direction that cancels the lines of magnetic force of the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet, and when the rotor permanent magnet closest to the electromagnet is moved away by a predetermined distance by the rotation of the rotor. Until the current can be operated by removing the current to the electromagnet.

The rotor permanent magnets closest to the electromagnet may be generated in a direction of strengthening magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnets and the rotor permanent magnets until the rotor permanent magnets are separated by a predetermined distance or more.

A flywheel may be additionally attached to the shaft shaft to impart rotational inertia. The housing may have a plurality of ring shapes, and the housing permanent magnets, the electromagnets, and the rotor permanent magnets may correspond to the shaft shaft.

Alternatively, the rotor permanent magnets are fixed to the rotor alternately with adjacent rotor permanent magnet rows in units of rows of rotor permanent magnets surrounding the rotor, so that the rotor can rotate more smoothly.

At least one of the housing permanent magnet and the electromagnet is fixed to the inner wall or the outer wall of the housing.

The present invention also provides a rotatable housing that forms an interior of a cylinder; A columnar stator received inside the housing and fixed to an adjacent support means; A shaft shaft fixed to the center of the housing to extract rotational force of the housing to the outside; At least two housing permanent magnets magnetized to face the center of the housing, wherein the magnetic pole faces of the two magnetic pole faces are fixed to the wall surface of the housing at an equal distance from each other; At least two stator permanent magnets magnetized to attract or repulse each other when adjacent to the housing permanent magnet and fixed to the lower portion of the electromagnet on the stator surface; The magnetic force line of the housing permanent magnet according to the direction of the current injected is fixed to the stator to be disposed between the housing permanent magnet and the stator permanent magnet corresponding to the magnetic pole face toward the center of the housing of the two magnetic pole surfaces of the housing permanent magnet An electromagnet capable of generating lines of magnetic force in the same direction or in the opposite direction as the first; It is also possible that the housing is rotated, including; a switch for controlling the current supplied to the electromagnet. .

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 2 shows a technical background to explain the features of the electric motor of the present invention. However, the theory described below is only what the inventor expects, and the present invention is not limited to this theory.

In FIG. 2A, when two general permanent magnets face each other, a magnetic force line as shown is generated between the two magnets. In addition, in the direction of the magnetic field lines, if two opposite poles are different poles, attraction is generated between the two poles and attracted to each other, but if they are the same pole, repulsive force is generated between the two poles. It is a well known situation to push each other out.

2B illustrates a process of inserting the solenoid electromagnet 220 wound with a coil therebetween in the situation where the two permanent magnets 210-A and 210-B are attracted to each other by generating attraction force by the magnetic field strength B 1. It is shown. The electromagnet 220 to be inserted is an induced magnetic field in a direction that causes repulsion on opposite surfaces of two permanent magnets 210-A and 210-B as shown when the switch SW is turned on. As to generate (B2), this direction of magnetic field lines is determined by the direction in which the winding is wound and the direction of injection of current, as is known.

2C shows a state after the electromagnet 220 described above is inserted between two permanent magnets. When the switch (SW) of the inserted electromagnet is closed, magnetic force lines are generated in the direction of causing the two permanent magnets and the repulsive force as expected, and after a certain time, the center has a offset space where the magnetic force lines generated from the permanent magnet and the electromagnet cancel each other. appear. That is, the entire center of the electromagnet, or at least a part of the center thereof, has no magnetic force line, and thus an offset space is created, which is an area where no attraction or repulsive force is felt.

However, the attraction force still exists outside the outer diameter of the electromagnet 220.

Accordingly, in the state of FIG. 2C, the permanent magnets 210-A and 210-B do not attract each other in the opposite center and sometimes tend to feel mutually repulsive by the electromagnets, while tending to deflect each other. In Esau, strong manpower is felt, so if the center of each other is slightly displaced in the relationship with the electromagnet, it immediately moves away from the current state and is moved by the left and right manpower. That is, FIG. 2C is an unstable metastable state in which the permanent magnets always move left and right. Therefore, at this time, even with a little force, one of the permanent magnets moves left and right.

In addition, when the magnetic field strength (B2) of the inserted electromagnet is greater than or equal to a predetermined size to create an offset space incapacitating the lines of magnetic force of the permanent magnet disposed above and below at least a portion of the center of the electromagnet, the magnetic field strength (B1) at which the two permanent magnets attract each other 2) is a metastable state as shown in Figure 2c, that is, a slight shift in the center is always made a state that can move at any time by the left and right forces.

The present invention has newly developed a highly efficient motor structure using this situation.

Figure 3 is a view showing a basic embodiment of the motor of the present invention, Figure 3a is a perspective view of its appearance and Figure 3b is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA 'of Figure 3a.

The motor 300 includes a shaft shaft 306 for storing a rotatable cylindrical rotor in a hollow cylindrical housing 302 and fixed to the center of the rotor to support the rotor in the housing. With this, it is similar to a general motor.

The cylindrical housing 302 is made of a material that can firmly bind an internal configuration such as general steel, stainless steel, or cast iron, and the material configuration is not particularly limited because of the electrical and magnetic properties.

In addition, permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) are fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the housing 302, which is made of a general ferromagnetic material, for example, iron (Fe). ), Oxides such as nickel (Ni) or cobalt (Co) and alloys thereof.

Although a total of eight permanent magnets having the same configuration are shown in the drawings, the number is merely an example, and at least two or more housing permanent magnets may be applicable to the present invention. The permanent magnets are also fixed to the wall of the housing at equal angles from each other.

The magnetization directions of the permanent magnets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are all the same, and the magnetic field is directed toward the center of the housing. That is, as exemplarily shown in permanent magnet 1, one of the permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are magnetized to the north pole of all the faces toward the center of rotation of the housing, and at the same time, all of the faces toward the outside of the housing are S poles. It may be in the magnetized state. It is also possible that the opposite side to the center point is magnetized to the S pole and the opposite side to the N pole. Hereinafter, for the sake of clarity, the face toward the center point is the N pole and the opposite side. Only the state which is S pole is demonstrated as an example.

At the center is a rotatable columnar rotor 304, the center of which is fixed to a shaft axis (306) is configured to rotate with the rotor.

Permanent magnets A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H are fixedly attached to the surface of the rotor 304. Hereinafter, the permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) disposed on the wall of the housing are referred to as "housing permanent magnets", and the permanent magnets on the surface of the rotor (304). A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) are called "rotor permanent magnets".

3, the magnetization direction of the rotor permanent magnets coincides with the magnetization direction of the housing permanent magnet. That is, for example, as shown in the rotor permanent magnet A, the face toward the center of the housing is magnetized to the N pole, the opposite face to the S pole, and the like. As such, when the rotor permanent magnet and the housing permanent magnet have the same magnetization directions, the two permanent magnets attract each other.

Naturally, the rotor permanent magnets A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H rotate together as the rotor 304 rotates.

The number of the permanent magnets of the housing is composed of an integer multiple of the number of the permanent magnets of the rotor.

For example, if the rotor permanent magnets are all three and are fixed to the rotor surface at 120 ° intervals from each other, the housing permanent magnets are all multiples of three, for example three, six, nine or twelve. Dogs and the like. As another example, if the rotor permanent magnets are all four and are fixed to the rotor surface at 90 ° intervals from each other, the housing permanent magnets are all four, eight or twelve.

Electromagnets 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 are disposed corresponding to the magnetic poles facing the center of the housing among the two magnetic poles of the housing permanent magnets, which are fixed on the surface of the housing permanent magnets or Or it is fixed to the housing itself using a fixing device not shown. Therefore, the electromagnets are arranged between the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet.

In addition, the electromagnet is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to the magnetic pole surface of the housing permanent magnet and can generate a magnetic force line in the same direction or in the opposite direction as the magnetic force line of the housing permanent magnet according to the current direction injected thereto.

The electromagnets 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 may be, for example, solenoid-type electromagnets wound with copper wires on a bobbin or the like. In addition, the current supply for generating the magnetic field lines may supply the current having the same phase all at once, but by dividing a portion thereof and supplying the current separately, the adjacent electromagnets may be generated with a time difference according to the rotation of the rotor. have. For example, the electromagnets 11, 13, 15, and 17 are classified into groups A, and the remaining electromagnets 12, 14, 16, and 18 are classified into groups B to supply currents separately from each other.

In addition, although the power is the same, the group A electromagnets may be supplied with power through switch 1 (SW1), and the group B electromagnets may be supplied with power through switch 2 (SW2). In addition, although the power supplied to the electromagnets in the illustrated configuration is all a DC power source, a combination of a rectifier diode and an AC power source may be used by those skilled in the art. In some of the embodiments described later, an AC pulse wave may be used as a power source.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the housing permanent magnets (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) as shown in Figure 3c may be fixed to the outer wall surface of the housing 302. This is because even when the housing permanent magnets are fixed to the outer wall of the housing, it is possible to exchange magnetic forces with the magnets therein. In this case, only a permanent magnet is fixed to the outer wall, and the electromagnet is fixed to the inner wall.

In addition, as shown in the rotor permanent magnet 11 shown in Figure 3c, all of the magnets of the present invention may have a form of a curved magnet (curved magnet) to correspond to the housing or rotation.

In addition, the shaft shaft 306 is assembled in a rotatable state to the housing 302 as shown in Figure 3a serves to transfer the rotational force of the internal rotor to the outside, but the shaft directly to the housing 316 as shown in Figure 3d It is also possible that the shaft 314 does not span but rotate in a form spanning the support means 312 configured externally apart from the housing. The housing 316 is fixed to the bottom by a separate support means 318. In addition, the illustrated figure shows a form in which gears 320 are coupled to both ends of a shaft shaft for extracting rotational force.

The cross section of the rotor has a shape close to a circle for the rotational movement, but is not necessarily circular because of the depression or the protrusion to which the rotor permanent magnet is fixed.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3e, the rotor 304-A has a circular symmetrical column in its overall shape, and a permanent magnet fixing part 310 for fixing permanent magnets in the form of depressions or protrusions is formed on the surface thereof. It is enough to have the form formed. If the shape has three rotor permanent magnets, the rotor 304 -B may have a shape as shown in FIG. 3F.

In addition, there is no special fixing part on the surface of the rotor (304-C) as shown in Figure 3g, the shape of the rotor cross-section is also possible in the form, in this case, the rotor permanent magnets can be fixed to the rotor surface with an adhesive or screw.

FIG. 3H illustrates another embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of pieces or curved bars form a housing 302 -A. Therefore, the housing is referred to as a cylinder in the present invention does not necessarily mean a cylinder consisting of only one piece (one piece), any shape as long as it can make a cylindrical rotation space therein. Hereinafter, it will be referred to collectively as a housing including all the shapes that make the cylindrical rotation space therein.

Hereinafter, the rotation principle of the motor of the present invention will be described using the embodiment of FIG. 3B as a representative example.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view illustrating a situation in which the motor of FIG. 3 rotates from about 10 o'clock to 2 o'clock. The remaining magnets, not shown, all suffer the same phenomenon.

4A shows an initial state in which no electricity is injected into all electromagnets.

The electromagnets have no magnetic influence since no electromagnets are energized, so the two permanent magnet groups are in a stable state that pulls each other strongly, since the lines of magnetic force indicated by the arrows act from the housing permanent magnets towards the rotor permanent magnets. to be. In other words, no rotation occurs in this state.

4B illustrates a situation in which a magnetic field is generated in a direction to offset the attraction force between the upper and lower permanent magnets by supplying current to all the electromagnets after FIG. 4A. The canceling force is a dashed arrow, which is formed by turning on the switch described above.

Referring to the case in which the electromagnets are supplied with electricity to the state of FIG. 4B, an electromagnet 11, which is one of the electromagnets, is used as an example, and the electromagnet 11 creates an offset space in the middle thereof. A is in a metastable state to move to either of the left and right sides even if the center is slightly displaced in relation to the housing permanent magnet 1 and the electromagnet 11 thereon.

When the force is applied to the rotor in FIG. 4B and rotates clockwise, for example, the metastable state collapses and the rotor rotates slightly in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. 4C.

4C, the rotor permanent magnets rotated slightly in the clockwise direction from the original position, as shown in FIG. 4D while simultaneously feeling the attraction force (F1) of the permanent magnet 1 and the attraction force (F2) of the permanent magnet 1 at the same time. The center of gravity between the permanent magnet 1 and the permanent magnet 2, that is, the two forces will be rotated to a balanced position and will be locked in place.

However, if the rotor has a certain mass and is inertial, it will continue to rotate in the direction of rotation, so for example, rotor permanent magnet A will approach the permanent magnet 2 beyond the boundary of housing permanent magnets 1 and 2 This will happen.

When the current supplied to the electromagnets is turned off in a situation where the boundary line is partially crossed as shown in FIG. In other words, this force will be strongest against the closest rotor permanent magnet. For example, the rotor permanent magnet A feels the strongest attraction force from the housing permanent magnet 2, while at the same time the influence of the attraction force (F2) from the housing permanent magnet 1 on the rotor permanent magnet A decreases rapidly as the distance increases. As a result, the rotor permanent magnet A will continue to rotate until the housing permanent magnet 2 is positioned below the housing permanent magnet 2 by the pulling force.

The state of FIG. 4F is the same as that of FIG. 4A, and from the next rotation, the state is the same as that of FIG. 4C by the inertial motion of the rotor, and the electrical situation is the same as described above.

As a result, when these movements continue in succession, the motor rotor of the present invention is to rotate.

The most remarkable in the operation method is that the rotational movement is possible in a state in which the amount of current supplied to the electromagnet that interrupts the attraction between the two permanent magnets attracting each other is not so large. This is because, as described above, if only a current of a magnitude sufficient to create a magnetic field canceling space is supplied to the electromagnet, the rotor placed in an unstable metastable state uses the attraction force of the left and right permanent magnets for rotational force.

For this reason, the present invention can realize a high-efficiency motor with a higher output efficiency according to rotation compared to actual power consumption.

Figure 5 shows the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the phase of the current supplied in the embodiment. Rotation angles were expressed in radians up to π (180 °).

Initially, the switch is turned on until the rotor rotates to at least [pi] / 8, so that the electromagnets are all supplied with a current to create an offset space. That is, when the rotor permanent magnets closest to each electromagnet are moved away by the rotational inertia of the rotor, the magnetic force lines formed on the electromagnets are opposite to the magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnets and the rotor permanent magnets to form offset spaces. It is.

Rotating the rotor up to or beyond π / 8 (22.5 °) is a transition from the above-described state of FIG. 4D to FIG. 4E, where all currents applied to the electromagnet are turned off and are automatically rotated by inertia and new attraction To the π / 4 (45 °) revolution.

Then, when rotating to π / 4, the positions of the respective components are all the same as in the initial state, so again, the same current is supplied to the electromagnets and rotated by π / 4 thereafter. In this way, a total of 2π (360 °) is rotated, and the rest of the process is the same, so the detailed description is omitted.

The aforementioned angle values apply in the illustrated embodiment where eight identical groups of magnets are evenly unfolded at intervals of 45 ° each, and other magnets at equal intervals of 60 ° if there are six magnet groups. The groups will be arranged and four magnet groups will be arranged at intervals of 90 °. Therefore, the above-described angles of rotational movement can be modified as much as the corresponding situation.

In conclusion, in the present invention, the rotation principle is the same in any of the variations of the magnet arrangement evenly dividing 360 °, which is possible by the method in which the electromagnets offset the space between two permanent magnets. It will be lost.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this case, for example, in the case of the above-described 8-fold magnet group arrangement, the current waveform supplied to each electromagnet is provided such that an AC pulse wave is provided based on π / 4. It is.

When an alternating pulse wave is provided, it is the same or similar to the above-described embodiments that the switch 1 and / or the switch 2 are turned on until the rotor rotates to π / 8 initially so as to make offset space in each electromagnet.

After π / 8 turn, the direction of the current pulse is changed so that the lines of magnetic force are generated in the opposite direction. In other words, since the direction of the magnetic force line is the same direction as the attraction between the permanent magnets, the attraction force is added to the attraction of each permanent magnet, thereby bringing the effect of strengthening the attraction.

Therefore, in the previous embodiment, when the rotor permanent magnet subsequent to the rotor rotation is newly drawn beyond π / 8 rotation, it is only attracted to the housing permanent magnet, but in this embodiment, the attraction of the electromagnet is added to this. .

In the above-described embodiment, of course, a flywheel or the like that provides stronger rotational inertia to the rotor may be additionally attached to the shaft shaft.

7 shows another example of the sealing of the present invention, and unlike the above-described embodiments, the permanent magnets are arranged to exert a repulsive force on each other. In other words, if you look inside the enlarged circle, the N poles of the permanent magnets face each other, and the electromagnet is disposed between them.

Since this arrangement is a different configuration than before, its operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 7B to 7D.

In the state of FIG. 7B, electric current is supplied to the electromagnets disposed between the permanent magnets to create an offset space, and thus repulsive force is not felt between the rotor permanent magnet A and the corresponding housing permanent magnet 1 thereon. However, if the center is slightly displaced between the two permanent magnets, it is in a very unstable metastable state where the repulsive force of the offset space is strongly applied.

In FIG. 7C, when the rotor rotates slightly in the clockwise direction, the current supplied to the electromagnet is cut off before and after. Then, the rotor permanent magnet A starts to feel a strong repulsive force from the housing permanent magnet 1 and rotates further clockwise by the force.

In FIG. 7D, the rotor rotates more and the rotor permanent magnet H enters the lower part of the housing permanent magnet 1, and at this time, the magnet permanently turns on and the rotor permanent magnet H enters by the permanent magnet 1 by creating an offset space. Do not be disturbed.

The next step is again that rotor permanent magnet H rotates like permanent magnet A and when it is continuous the rotor continues to rotate by inertia and repulsive force.

Therefore, this embodiment shows an embodiment that can be rotated even when the repulsive force between the two permanent magnets.

Figure 8 shows another embodiment of the present invention, this time all the permanent magnets and electromagnets fixed to the housing is arranged in the form of eight, while the rotor permanent magnets are half of the four at 90 ° intervals The cross section of the motor 700 which has a structure is shown. Also the permanent magnets disposed in the rotor and the housing are arranged in the same direction to feel the attraction to each other.

9 is a view illustrating a process in which the motor 700 of FIG. 8 moves.

First, in FIG. 9A, a current pulse is applied to the switch 1 so that a magnetic field is formed in the group A electromagnets to form an offset space drawn with elliptical dashed lines.

In this state, an external force is applied to the rotor 704 to rotate in the direction of the arrow. In FIG. 9B, the rotor permanent magnets belonging to the A group initially start to feel the pulling force of the housing permanent magnets located in the front of the rotation direction while the pulling force of the passing housing permanent magnet is not greatly felt by the offset space.

When the rotation is more advanced as shown in FIG. 9C, the attraction of the permanent magnets located in the direction of rotation to the rotor permanent magnets becomes stronger, whereas the influence of the permanent magnets is smaller. By the attraction, the rotor performs the remaining rotation to complete the rotation by 45 ° as shown in FIG. 9D.

In FIG. 9D, switch 1 is turned off to stop the current supplied to the electromagnets connected thereto, and instead, switch 2 is turned on so that the electromagnets belonging to group B form an offset space. Then, the rotor permanent magnet attached to the rotor is rotated again by the offset space formed by the inertia and the housing permanent magnet belonging to group B, and completes the 90 ° rotation through the above-described process of FIGS. 9A to 9D once again. Will be done. After the 90 ° rotation, the state of FIG. 9A is repeated again.

If this rotation continues, the rotor can continue to rotate with only enough electric force to create an offset space.

9E illustrates the current pulses supplied according to the on / off of the above-described switches 1 and 2 in groups for the rotation angle.

In the illustrated situation, a pulse wave having a period of π / 2 (90 °) is applied. During the first π / 4 (45 °) rotation, only switch 1 is turned on to form an offset space only in electromagnets connected thereto. When rotating by π / 4 (45 °), switch 1 is turned off, and then by π / 2 (90 °) rotation, switch 2 is turned on, supplying current to the electromagnet connected thereto to induce continuous rotational motion.

FIG. 10 shows another embodiment of the present invention with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 9, and unlike the above-described embodiment in the current supply, two switches SW1 and SW2 are alternately turned on and off. .

In other words, during the first π / 4 revolutions, only the electromagnets connected to switch 1 should be offset, but during the next π / 2 revolutions, switch 1 will still supply the current in the opposite direction, The magnetic fields are generated in the opposite direction to the electromagnets. This opposite magnetic field is intended to generate a strong attraction force that is added to permanent magnets with attraction. That is, after the π / 4 rotation, the electromagnets are made to create magnetic fields in the same direction as the permanent magnets, and thus the rotor permanent magnets that rotate and enter are attracted more strongly.

In addition, the electromagnets connected to switch 2 are supplied with a current opposite in phase to the electromagnets connected to switch 1 to maintain a strong attraction during the first π / 4 revolutions and to create an offset space during the next π / 2 revolutions. .

In this case, the electromagnets of the two groups alternately create a repulsive force and a attraction force to attract the newly entering rotor permanent magnet by rotation, thereby generating a stronger torque torque.

FIG. 11A illustrates another embodiment of the present invention, which illustrates a motor 1000 in which the rotor permanent magnet is inclined relative to the corresponding electromagnet and the housing permanent magnet.

The greatest feature of the embodiment of Fig. 11A is that the permanent magnet of the rotor protrudes obliquely in the rotational direction of the rotor, thereby maximizing the attraction to this part. To illustrate this in more detail, referring to FIG. 11B, the attraction of the housing permanent magnets to the right portion of the protruding rotor permanent magnets is stronger and more dense than the left attraction force, so that the rotor tries to move in the rotational direction in a metastable state. A tendency is formed. In this state, applying a force to the rotor to rotate in the clockwise direction will be more easily generated by the attraction force than the above-described embodiments.

When the rotation is further progressed to the state of FIG. 11C, the attractive forces F1 and F2 drawn by the arrows act on the rotor permanent magnet A. FIG. At this moment, the housing permanent magnet 1 attracts the rotor permanent magnet (F1) almost the same as the attracting force (F2) attracted by the housing permanent magnet 2, so that at this time, when the rotational force is the weakest, the permanent rotational force is continuously performed. to be.

However, when the rotation is further progressed to FIG. 11D, the attraction force F2 led by the housing permanent magnet 2 felt by the rotor permanent magnet A is greater than the attraction force F1 led by the housing permanent magnet 1 to perform the remaining rotation. do. In addition, at this time, since the rotor permanent magnet H enters in the 12 o'clock direction, the current supply of the electromagnet 1 which has made the offset space is stopped.

As described above, the embodiment of FIG. 11 has the advantage that the rotor permanent magnet is inclined to protrude in the rotational direction, thereby receiving more attraction to the portion and more easily breaking the metastable state and rotating the portion.

Furthermore, increasing the amount of current supplied to the electromagnet in FIG. 11 increases the magnetic field generated in the electromagnets, and this magnetic field creates repulsive space for the permanent magnet on top of it, while at the same time exerting repulsion on the rotor permanent magnets. It may be. In this case, as the rotor permanent magnets are pushed in the rotational direction by this repulsive force, the rotational motion of the rotor may be further enhanced.

Figure 12 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which shows a motor 1100 in which the number of rotor permanent magnets is reduced in half compared to the housing permanent magnets and the electromagnets. This is an embodiment for obtaining the same or similar effects as those described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10.

Accordingly, the phase of the supplied current is also the same / similar form as in FIGS. 9E and 10 and the effect thereof is also the same. However, since the rotor permanent magnet protrudes in the rotational direction, the effect of increasing the rotational force is similar to that of the embodiment of FIG. 11 described above.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a motor 1200 in which the field-reinforced permanent magnet 1210 is added to the rear of the rotor permanent magnet in the rotor structure of FIG. 12 as another embodiment of the present invention. This field-reinforced permanent magnet has a polarity in the direction in which the rotor permanent magnet repels when the rotor permanent magnet has passed, and serves to reinforce the rotational force behind the rotor permanent magnet.

This is arranged in the rear of the rotor permanent magnet with respect to the rotation direction of the rotor, as shown in the magnetic surface having the same polarity as the polarity of the surface of the rotor permanent magnet and the tangential direction of the rotor surface It is configured to emit a magnetic field in substantially the same direction.

Referring to FIG. 14, the function of the permanent magnet for field strengthening will be described in detail.

14A schematically illustrates the state of the magnetic force lines between the magnets before the rotation starts, and the permanent magnet 1210 for field strengthening is magnetized as shown.

When the rotation progresses to a state of FIG. 14B, the position of the permanent magnet for strengthening the field enters the lower portion of the offset space of the electromagnet as shown, and the distance between the electromagnets is very close to the magnetic field lines formed by the electromagnet. It becomes a state of repulsion. Therefore, the repulsive force serves to make the rotation in the step to obtain a stronger torque.

Such a field strengthening permanent magnet is not necessarily combined with the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 and can be used in combination with the other embodiments.

Figure 15 shows another embodiment of the invention, in which the rotor is external to the stator.

In FIG. 15, the outer housing 1410 serves as a rotor, and a cylindrical stator 1405 is fixed to the center of the rotor. That is, there is shown a rotatable housing 1410 and a columnar stator 1405 housed therein and fixed to at least one or more supporting means 1402 and 1403. In addition, a shaft shaft 1480 fixed to the center of the housing 1410 to extract the rotational force of the housing to the outside is formed in the housing, which is spaced at equal angles from each other and is fixed to the wall surface of the housing. One magnetic pole face is shown with at least two housing permanent magnets 1420 magnetized to face the center of the housing.

At least two stator permanent magnets 1440 fixed to a surface of the stator 1405 and magnetized to exert an attraction or repulsive force when adjacent to the housing permanent magnet 1420, and the housing The magnetic force lines may be generated in the same direction as or opposite to the magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnets according to a current direction injected as fixed to the stator 1405 to be disposed between the permanent magnets 1420 and the stator permanent magnets 1440. An electromagnet 1430 is disposed, which will be described in more detail with respect to the operation of this embodiment.

That is, the rotating housing 1410 is supported by the support means 1401 and 1402 with the bearing 1470 interposed therebetween so that one end thereof is fastened or made integral with the shaft shaft 1480.

The right end of the housing is open and a stator 1405 is inserted into the housing. A stator permanent magnet 1440 and an electromagnet 1430 thereon are fixed to the stator surface. The electromagnet 1430 is electrically connected by an external power supply unit and an electric wire 1460, and the stator 1405 is fixed by at least one or more supporting means 1402 and 1403 and does not rotate.

Permanent magnets 1420 corresponding to the stator magnets are attached to the inner wall or the outer wall of the housing 1410.

Therefore, between the housing permanent magnet and the stator permanent magnet are magnetized in a state of exerting attraction or repulsive force with each other, and the magnet is rotated by repeating on / off in synchronization with the rotation angle of the housing as in the above-described embodiment. The shaft axis of the housing end also rotates.

15, the electromagnet is rotated by the same dynamic action because the electromagnet is disposed between both permanent magnets as in the above-described embodiments. However, it is unique that the rotating main body is the housing itself.

FIG. 16 illustrates another embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of rings serve as a housing.

In more detail, as illustrated in the lower part of FIG. 16, a plurality of ring-shaped housings 1540 (hereinafter referred to as ring housings) are fastened to each other by rigid bars 1590 spaced at an angle. The end of the bar is again fixed inside the support means 1501, 1502. In addition, a plurality of permanent magnets 1510 and electromagnets 1520 spaced by a predetermined angle are fixed to an inner wall surface of each ring housing 1540.

The rotor 1580 is inserted into the center of the ring housing and the permanent magnet 1530 is fixed to the rotor surface. The configuration and operation are the same as in the above-described embodiments.

Therefore, since the ring housings divided from each other have permanent magnets and the corresponding rotor magnets are also divided, the embodiment shown in FIG. 16 has an electromagnet shape, particularly when the electromagnet is a coil wound on a bobbin. It has the advantage of being easy to make.

FIG. 17 is an improvement on the embodiment of FIG. 16 described above, in which rotor permanent magnets fixed on the rotor 1710 are alternately arranged adjacent to each other in rows based on the circumferential direction of the rotor. It relates to a motor 1700 having a disposed form.

17a showing only the rotor and FIG. 17b showing the cross-sectional view of the motor, it will be described in more detail. The permanent magnets belonging to column A (A-1, A-2 ..) and the permanent magnets belonging to column B (B- 1, B-2, ..) are arranged to be staggered with each other as shown in the direction of the arrow, the housing magnets are configured to be staggered as in the above-described embodiments.

This configuration is intended to use a principle similar to the movement of a four- or six-cylinder engine of a general combustion engine, and is not continuous when the rotational force of the A-row permanent magnets rotates between housing magnets during rotation of the rotor. When the rotation is not smooth, the permanent magnets in column B have a strong rotational force, and by this assistance, the rotor is configured to rotate smoothly as a whole.

The present invention relates to a high-efficiency electric motor, and relates to a high-efficiency motor in which an electromagnet positioned therebetween adjusts the attraction force between permanent magnets at an appropriate timing to obtain rotational force.

Unlike conventional motors, in which all of the supplied electric energy is consumed only for the rotation of the motor rotor, in the motor of the present invention, electric energy is used only as a control signal for controlling the attraction between the permanent magnets, and most of the power is used between the permanent magnets. Since it is derived from manpower, it is possible to obtain the same or more rotational kinetic energy with less electric energy than before.

Those skilled in the art having understood the technical spirit and features of the present invention will readily conceive various modifications from the embodiments of the present invention. For example, use a curved permanent magnet made to fit the surface of the housing, modify the shape of the permanent magnet or electromagnet to use more manpower, or attach an additional cooling device to easily dissipate the heat generated by the electromagnet. These simple variations are all variations included in the following claims.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be defined by the following claims.

Claims (17)

A housing forming an interior of a cylinder; A columnar rotor accommodated in the housing and rotatable; A shaft shaft fixed to the center of the rotor to extract the rotational force of the rotor to the outside; At least two housing permanent magnets magnetized to face the center of the housing, wherein the magnetic pole faces of the two magnetic pole faces are fixed to the wall surface of the housing at an equal distance from each other; At least two rotor permanent magnets which are magnetized to attract or repulse each other when adjacent to the housing permanent magnets and are fixed to the rotor surface; The housing permanent magnet is disposed between the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet and fixed to the housing so as to correspond to the magnetic pole face toward the center of the housing among the two magnetic pole surfaces of the housing permanent magnet. An electromagnet capable of generating magnetic field lines in the same direction as or opposite to the magnetic field lines; A switch controlling a current supplied to the electromagnet; An electric motor comprising a. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor permanent magnets are all three and are fixed to the rotor surface at 120 ° intervals from each other, and the housing permanent magnets are all in multiples of three. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor permanent magnets are all four and are fixed to the rotor surface at 90 ° intervals from each other, and the housing permanent magnets are all multiples of four. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotor permanent magnets are all four and are fixed to the rotor surface at 90 ° intervals from each other, and the housing permanent magnets are eight in total. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein the rotor permanent magnet is in a plate shape and is fixed at an angle to the rotor surface so as to protrude more than the other side. The magnetic surface of claim 1, wherein a magnetic surface disposed at the rear of the rotor permanent magnet with respect to the rotational direction of the rotor and having the same polarity as the polarity of the surface of the rotor permanent magnet is tangent to the rotor surface. An electric motor, characterized in that it further comprises a field-reinforced permanent magnet for emitting a magnetic field in a direction substantially the same as the direction. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein the electromagnet is a solenoid electromagnet. The method of claim 1, The housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are magnetized in the same direction and exert an attraction force when adjacent to each other, Magnetic field lines are made by supplying a current to the electromagnet, The rotor permanent magnet closest to the electromagnet is generated in a direction to cancel the lines of magnetic force of the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet until the rotor permanent magnet is separated by a predetermined distance or more, And when the rotor permanent magnet approaches the electromagnet by a rotation of the rotor, the electric motor is removed by stopping current supply to the electromagnet. The method of claim 1, The housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are magnetized in the same direction and exert an attraction force when adjacent to each other, Magnetic field lines are made by supplying a current to the electromagnet, The rotor permanent magnet closest to the electromagnet is generated in a direction to cancel the lines of magnetic force of the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet until the rotor permanent magnet is separated by a predetermined distance or more, When the rotor permanent magnet is closer to the electromagnet by more than a predetermined distance by the rotation of the rotor is generated in the direction of strengthening the magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnet and rotor permanent magnet. The method of claim 1, The housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are magnetized in opposite directions to exert each other when adjacent, Magnetic field lines are made by supplying a current to the electromagnet, When the rotor permanent magnet approaches the electromagnet by the rotation of the rotor more than a predetermined distance is generated in a direction to cancel the magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet, And the rotor permanent magnet closest to the electromagnet is removed by stopping the current supply to the electromagnet until the rotor permanent magnet is separated by more than a predetermined distance by the rotation of the rotor. The method of claim 1, The housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are magnetized in opposite directions to exert each other when adjacent, Magnetic field lines are made by supplying a current to the electromagnet, When the rotor permanent magnet approaches the electromagnet by the rotation of the rotor more than a predetermined distance is generated in a direction to cancel the magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet, And the rotor permanent magnet closest to the electromagnet is generated in a direction of reinforcing magnetic force lines of the housing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet until the rotor permanent magnet is separated by a predetermined distance or more. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein a flywheel for attaching rotational inertia is additionally attached to the shaft. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein the housing has a plurality of ring shapes, and the housing permanent magnets, the electromagnets, and the rotor permanent magnets are corresponding to each other. 14. The electric motor of claim 13, wherein the rotor permanent magnets are fixed to the rotor to alternate with the rotor permanent magnet rows adjacent to the rotor permanent magnet rows surrounding the rotor. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the housing permanent magnet and the electromagnet is fixed to an inner wall of the housing. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the housing permanent magnet and the electromagnet is fixed to an outer wall of the housing. A rotatable housing forming an interior of a cylinder; A columnar stator received inside the housing and fixed to an adjacent support means; A shaft shaft fixed to the center of the housing to extract rotational force of the housing to the outside; At least two housing permanent magnets magnetized to face the center of the housing, wherein the magnetic pole faces of the two magnetic pole faces are fixed to the wall surface of the housing at an equal distance from each other; At least two stator permanent magnets magnetized to attract or repulse each other when adjacent to the housing permanent magnet and fixed to the lower portion of the electromagnet on the stator surface; The magnetic force line of the housing permanent magnet according to the direction of the current injected is fixed to the stator to be disposed between the housing permanent magnet and the stator permanent magnet corresponding to the magnetic pole face toward the center of the housing of the two magnetic pole surfaces of the housing permanent magnet An electromagnet capable of generating lines of magnetic force in the same direction or in the opposite direction as the first; A switch controlling a current supplied to the electromagnet; An electric motor comprising a.

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