KR20060064348A - Dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, in the dental intraosseous implant, the front part and the back part of the upper part of the implant are settled, and both side parts of the upper part of the implant have a scallope shape, the surface of which is rough and horizontal. An intraosseous implant is provided that has a groove or thread.

Description

Dental Implants {Dental implant}

1A is a front or rear view of one embodiment of an implant of the present invention.

1B is a side view of one embodiment of an implant of the present invention.

Figure 2a shows a front schematic or rear schematic diagram of the implant of the present invention is attached to the abutment portion and the prosthesis.

Figure 2b shows a side schematic view of the implant attached to the abutment portion and the prosthesis of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the distribution of alveolar bone and soft tissue appearing when the implant is placed in the jaw of a real person through the process of coupling the abutment portion and mounting the prosthesis by platform switching.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of only a portion of the implant and abutment portion connected to each other by platform switching in FIG. 2A.

<Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>

1: implant

2: abutment

3: prosthesis

4: alveolar bone

5: soft tissue

The present invention relates to a dental implant, and more particularly to a dental implant for the alveolar bone and soft tissue to maintain the height of the natural state under the dental prosthesis mounted.

In general, an implant used in the dental field refers to a metal structure having a root shape of a tooth which is attached to a bone by placing it in the jawbone of a part where the tooth is partially or entirely lost in the oral cavity. For dental implants, reference can be made to Korean Patent Registration No. 135235 and Patent Publication No. 1999-009886.

Implants can be divided into subperiosteal implants, intraosseous implants, and bone penetrating implants, etc., according to their implantation location, and can be divided into screw implants and cylindrical implants according to the appearance of the implants. Implants do not need to shave adjacent teeth, prevent gum bones from being absorbed, resulting in a functional and esthetically superior prosthesis, and because of the advantages of not having to drop out when speaking, laughing, or eating. It is becoming a new area of dental treatment around the world, and its spread is also spreading.

Until now, the development of the implant has been developed from the smooth surface treatment to the rough surface treatment by treating the surface of the implant in order to maintain the alveolar bone and increase the osteintegration with the alveolar bone. Almost all current dental implants have been developed from grooved or threadless cylindrical structures to grooved or threaded implant structures (Brunski JB: Biomaterials and biomechanics in dental implant design.Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1988; 3: 85-97; Lozada JL, Abbate MF, Pizzarello FA, James RA .: Comparative three dimensional analysis of two finite element endosseous implant desgins, J Oral Implatol 1994; 20 (4): 315-321) . Due to the development of the rough surface treatment method and the form of the thread on the surface, the alveolar bone achieved more stable osteointegration to the implant and improved the maintenance of the alveolar bone.

These surface treatments and changes in the shape of the implants have led to the development of stable implantation into the bone due to the stable bone adhesion and improvement of alveolar bone maintenance, but today's demands that the aesthetic aspect is important in addition to the functional aspects of teeth. There is a problem that does not satisfy.

Conventional dental implants are made only to maintain the prosthesis in the absence of teeth so that the upper structure of the implant is made to have a constant height without any difference in height. The structure of such dental implants has been maintained to date with structures made for teethless patients.

However, the structure of the implant having a uniform height without such height does not have any problem in the prosthetic recovery in the oral cavity which does not need aesthetic elements and requires only a function, but there are many disadvantages in prosthetic recovery in aesthetically sensitive areas. In the oral cavity, the soft tissues of the maxillary anterior soft tissues, which are important for esthetic factors, are high and low, and the alveolar bone supporting the soft tissues has a corresponding height. If the procedure is performed with an existing dental implant that is not considered high or low, the soft tissues of prosthetic care after the procedure are also formed without high and the original natural gum is not formed. Therefore, there is a problem in the restoration of the anterior part, where the aesthetic factor is important.

As an implant to solve this aesthetic problem, an implant with a height above the implant was developed (Wohlre PS: Nobel perfect esthetic scalloped implant: ratioale for a new design. Clin Implat Dent Relat Res 2003; 5 Suppl 1: 64-73 ). The implant attempts to maintain the elevation of the alveolar bone by roughening only its surface. However, surface treatment alone inevitably results in bone resorption around the implant due to chewing force (Hansson S, The implant neck smooth or provided with retention elements. Cli Oral Implant Res 1999; 10: 394-). 405; Sennerby L, Roos J. Surgical determinant of clinical success of osseointegrated oral implants: a review of the literature.Int J Perio Rest Dent 1998; 11: 408-420; Wiskott HWA, Belser UC.Lack of integration of smooth titanium surfaces a working hypothesis based on strain generated in the surrounding bone.Clin Oral Implant Res 1999; 10: 429-444). Therefore, even though the aesthetic height of the alveolar bone is initially formed around the scalp implant, bone resorption occurs around the implant due to the chewing force of the prosthesis, and thus, the alveolar bone and the soft tissue cannot be stably attached, thereby maintaining the height of the soft tissue and the alveolar bone. It does not achieve the aesthetic function originally intended to reach.

On the other hand, in the related art, the outer diameter of the implant and the diameter of the abutment portion at the contact point of the connection portion of the dental implant and the abutment joined therewith are the same, so that the connection portion of the implant and the abutment portion is located on the same plane. However, this structure does not help to further enhance the fusion of the soft tissue with the implant, a design that does not take into account the specificity of the soft tissue.

Also, many implants and abutments are only vertically and horizontally connected. This type of connection causes bone resorption by focusing chewing pressure on the bone around the implant.

The scalp-type implant is also treated only to have a roughness on the surface, and only the same diameters of the implant and the abutment are disclosed at the contact point of the connection part of the abutment to be combined with the implant as described above. It is not a form that makes a difference in the diameter of the implant, and this structure transmits the pressure due to the chewing force to the surrounding bone as it is, so as to generate bone resorption, thereby preventing the alveolar bone and soft tissues from having a natural height.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an implant that is reinforced with aesthetic function as well as prosthetic recovery by having a structure that can form and maintain long-term soft tissue in a form similar to that of natural soft tissues.

Summary of the Invention

The present invention to achieve the above object

The front and back portions of the implant top are settled and both sides of the top of the implant have a scalloped shape, the surface of the implant having roughness and horizontal grooves or threads. Provide an intramedullary implant.

The implant may be combined with the abutment portion having a lower end engaging with the upper end of the scalp of the implant to serve as an implant. Here, the lower end of the abutment refers to a line bordering the upper end of the implant when connected to the implant.

The raised portion of the upper part of the outer surface of the implant is preferably settled in the upper portion of the implant and the raised portion of the micro thread (micro threads) or micro groove (lower), and further lower to aid the bone adhesion Has a common thread shape

The upper periphery of the implant surface has a microgroove or microthread with a groove or thread spacing of 0.2 to 0.8 mm, and the lower part of the implant has a thread size with a general size spacing to aid in bone adhesion. It is preferable to have.

The scalp shape formed on the top of the implant is preferably less than 3mm in height between the lowest point of the settled portion and the highest point of the raised portion, the shape or shape of the alveolar bone present, the state of the soft tissue, the size of the implant There may be a difference in height depending on the position in the oral cavity.

It is preferable that the lower end of the abutment part is smaller than the diameter of the upper end of the implant so that the abutment part and the implant are connected by platform switching.

In addition, the lower portion of the lower end of the abutment portion is preferably conically bonded to the inside of the implant.

The implant has a roughness on the outer surface, the roughness of the surface is preferably produced by the formation of depressions by blasting, etching method. The surface treatment is not limited only to such a method, and it is preferable to set it as a biological method of inducing osteointegration.

The implant may be used for restoring any tooth, but is more effective when used for anterior teeth having a significant effect on beauty because it is an implant with aesthetic function as well as for restoration of teeth.

Detailed description of the invention

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The dental intraosseous implant provided by the present invention does not have the same height at the top of the implant but has a change in the height of the top of the implant in accordance with the difference in the height of the soft tissue around the original teeth of the human, and the surface of the implant is rough, and the number of Characterized by having a balanced groove or thread.

As described above, the anterior portion of the human anterior part of the soft tissue is not uniform, there is a difference, the alveolar bone supporting the soft tissue according to the height difference of the soft tissue also has a height difference. The dental implant of the present invention is to change the height of the top of the implant to have a shape similar to the structure of the original human soft tissue to restore the shape similar to the shape of the soft tissue originally possessed by humans. In order for the soft tissue to be repaired as described above to be similar to the original state, the implant of the present invention is changed in height at the top thereof to be similar to the shape of the soft tissue around the human tooth.

Accordingly, the dental implant provided in the present invention has a top portion and a bottom portion of the dental implant settled, and both side portions of the dental implant have a raised scalloped shape. The difference in height between the highest point of the raised portion and the lowest point of the settled portion of the implant may be 3 mm or less. This corresponds to a range of height differences in soft tissues around teeth that humans may have inherently. However, the difference in the height of the top of the implant may vary depending on the shape or shape of the alveolar bone present, the condition of the soft tissue, and the size of the implant in the oral cavity, such as the range of soft tissue height around human teeth. As such, the soft tissue generated at the time of implantation due to the difference in height of the upper end of the implant may be generated in a form similar to the original form.

However, as described above, the soft tissue may be generated according to the height difference only by the height difference of the upper end of the implant, but it is difficult for the soft tissue to maintain its shape. This is because it is difficult for the alveolar bone and soft tissue to be stably fixed around the implant because the implant is absorbed by the chewing force generated by a person using the prosthesis after the implant is performed, and the stable adhesion between the alveolar bone and the soft tissue is broken. Because. Thus, the present inventors surprisingly endeavored to solve such problems, and when surprisingly introducing roughness and horizontal grooves or threads on the surface of the implant, it prevents the collapse of the bone absorption of the implant and the stable maintenance of the soft tissue as described above. Found that it can.

Therefore, the implant of the present invention is characterized by the introduction of roughness and horizontal grooves or threads on the implant surface as well as on top of the scalp. Roughness may be generated by, for example, the formation of depressions by blasting or etching, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the horizontal grooves or threads introduced into the implant surface are preferably horizontal micro grooves or micro threads, especially in the vicinity of the scalp shape at the top of the implant, such horizontal micro grooves or micro threads having a spacing of 0.2 mm-0.8. mm, thread or groove width can be 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm. The length of the upper part of the implant on which the horizontal microgrooves or microthreads are formed is not particularly determined, and it is only required to be formed around the scalp to allow the soft tissue to bind well in the form of the scalp. In addition, the width, height, angle of such micro grooves or micro threads may be varied in order to maximize the dispersion of chewing force according to the size, length, degree of surface roughness, oral cavity position, alveolar bone, etc. of the diameter of the implant. On the surface of the middle and lower portions, not near the scalp shape of the implant, threads or horizontal grooves of a conventional spacing and length applied to the implant can achieve all forms of stable bone adhesion.

The upper micro threads or micro grooves not only assist the initial fixation of the implant and alveolar bone during implant placement, but also disperse the pressure generated when the implant receives chewing force, which causes the implant to It has the effect of preventing absorption.

One embodiment of the implant provided by the present invention is shown in Figures 1a and 1b. FIG. 1A is a front or rear view of the implant, and FIG. 1B corresponds to a side view of the implant. As described above, the implant has a settled form at the front and back and a raised form at the side. Point a shown in Figs. 1A and 1B corresponds to the highest point of the raised portion, and point b corresponds to the lowest point of the settled portion. Therefore, c corresponding to the vertical distance between a and b corresponds to the height difference between the highest point of the raised portion and the lowest point of the settled portion, and c is preferably 3 mm or less. In addition, the implant shown in Figs. 1A and 1B has roughness and threads as described above, and the upper part f of the implant is formed with micro threads narrower in width and width than the middle part and the lower part.

The implant of the present invention can be used to fix a prosthesis in combination with abutment. The abutment portion is manufactured such that the lower end thereof is engaged with the scalped upper end of the implant of the present invention in order to achieve a predetermined purpose, and below the lower end, the abutment portion is coupled to the implant and fixed.

These abutments are preferably connected by platform switching when secured to the implant of the present invention. Platform switching means that when one element and another element form a bond with each other, the diameter of the connection of one element is smaller than the outer diameter of the connection of the other element and is equal to the inner diameter. As a result of the joining, a circumference having a v-shaped groove in the connecting portion is generated. And it refers to the way the joint is separated from the outer diameter by the difference in the diameter. In the present invention, the abutment portion is preferably shaped to be inserted into and fixed in the implant by such a platform switching method. By the platform switching method, the implant and abutment portion of the present invention are coupled to each other so that the connection portion is separated from the alveolar bone by a circumferential distance having a v-shaped groove in the connection portion, so that soft tissues on the implant can be further optimized. . This is because when the abutment portion is connected to the implant by the platform switching method, the soft tissue can be more closely attached to the v-shaped groove formed at the connection portion, thereby improving the soft tissue retention.

In addition, the abutment portion is preferably a lower portion of the abutment portion is joined in a conical shape to the inside of the implant.

The abutment portion is fixed to the implant of the present invention and the prosthesis is fixed thereon, thereby regenerating the teeth, and the schematic diagram of all three elements combined is shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.

Figure 2a shows a front view or a rear view of a preferred embodiment of the form in which the abutment portion and the prosthesis is mounted on the implant of the present invention, Figure 2b shows a side view thereof. Referring to Figure 2a and 2b will be described in more detail with respect to the implant of the present invention and the abutment portion coupled thereto.

The upper end of the implant 1 is in the form of a settled front and back, and the side is in the form of a scalp having a raised form. In addition, the surface of the implant 1 of FIGS. 2A and 2B has roughness and threads as a whole, including raised or settled portions. 2A and 2B, but shown in the form of a screw thread, the entire horizontal groove may be formed. These threads have an upper f of the implant with micro threads that are narrower in thread spacing and thread width than in the middle and bottom in the vicinity of the scalloped shape. Such roughness and threads or grooves serve to enhance the fusion of the alveolar bone 4 and the soft tissue 5 to the implant 1 having a scalp shape at the top when the implant 1 is placed in the jawbone. Thus, soft tissues can be stably maintained on top of a scalp-shaped implant similar to the shape of the gum that the patient originally had, and natural gums can be formed around the prosthesis.

In the implant 1, the abutment portion 2 is connected by platform switching. As described above, in the platform switching, a V-shaped groove is generated at the coupling site, which can be seen in FIGS. 2A and 2B. As such, platform switching is produced due to a difference in the diameter of the abutment and the implant at the connection of the abutment and the implant, and the v-shaped groove created by such a platform switching causes the implant (1) to be implanted when the implant (1) is placed. The soft tissue that is formed around the bone is more closely attached to the implant. It can be more readily understood with reference to FIG. 3 how the v-grooves created in platform switching allow soft tissue to be more closely attached to the implant.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the distributed state of the alveolar bone and soft tissue appearing when the implant (1) of the present invention is placed in the jaw bone of a real person through the process of coupling with the abutment by the platform switching and mounting to the prosthesis It is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, when the implant 1 is placed in the jaw and the abutment 2 is coupled by platform switching, the alveolar bone is positioned around the implant and a soft tissue existing around the alveolar bone is formed between the implant and the abutment. It is distributed to the v-shaped groove so that the soft tissue can be more closely attached to the bottom of the implant and abutment, so that the implant can be stably maintained by the alveolar bone and soft tissue.

FIG. 4 shows only the part in FIG. 2A in which the implant 1 and the abutment part 2 are connected by platform switching. Here, (d) represents the outer diameter of the lower end of the abutment part 2 or the inner diameter of the upper end of the implant 1, and (e) shows the outer diameter of the upper end of the implant 1. In platform switching, as described above, (e) is longer than (d).

In addition, in the implant 1, the lower part of the lower end of the abutment 2 is connected to the implant 1 in the form of a cone when connected to the abutment 2. This can be seen by looking at the lower part of the lower part of the abutment part 2 shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2A and 2B. When the abutment connection is connected at a conical angle, the horizontal pressure applied by the implant force is converted into a vertical direction in which the alveolar bone can tolerate more, thereby preventing bone absorption around the implant.

In summary, the implant of the present invention is in the form of a scalp, in which the front and back portions are settled and the lateral portions are raised so that the top of the implant is shaped like a human's original gum. Roughness and horizontal grooves or threads were introduced to the entire surface of the implant so that the alveolar bone could be stably fused. In addition, the abutment portion is preferably attached to the implant by platform switching so that the soft tissue further proliferates into the v-shaped space formed between the abutment portion and the implant to maintain the implant more stably and the formation of the gum on the scalp form of the implant. Therefore, it was possible to maintain a stable.

As described above, according to the present invention, the present invention can stably form the gums in a manner similar to the shape of a human's original gum during the procedure, thereby providing an implant with more aesthetic elements.

Claims (7)

In dental intraosseous implants, the front and back portions of the implant top have a settled form and both side portions of the implant top have a raised scaffold, the surface of the implant being rough and horizontal grooves or threads. Dental intraosseous implant, characterized in that having a. The dental intraosseous implant according to claim 1, wherein abutment portion having a lower end engaging with the upper end of the implant is coupled to the implant. The dental intraosseous implant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper part of the implant on the implant surface is a micro groove or micro thread with a groove or thread spacing of 0.2 to 0.8 mm. 3. The dental intraosseous implant according to claim 1, wherein the height between the lowest point of the settled portion and the highest point of the raised portion of the upper end of the implant is 3 mm or less. The dental intraosseous implant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a diameter of a lower end of the abutment portion is smaller than an outer diameter of an upper end of the implant, and the abutment portion and the implant are connected by platform switching. The dental intraosseous implant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lower portion of the abutment portion is conically joined to the implant in a conical manner. The dental bone implant according to claim 1 or 2, which is used for anterior teeth.

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