KR20060027924A - Manufacturing method and combustion system of emulsion-type fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for producing an emulsified fuel obtained by mixing water and an emulsifier with various main fuels, such as fossil fuels and waste oil, and a combustion system. By recirculating the oil into the combustion system, the flow rate of the mixed oil flowing into the combustion device is maintained at the optimum flow rate.The control device adjusts not only the flow rate and pressure of the main fuel, water and emulsifier, but also the temperature condition of the mixed oil according to various combustion conditions. The present invention relates to a method for producing an emulsified fuel and a combustion system that can eliminate oil-water separation and increase combustion efficiency and at the same time reduce emissions of pollutants.

To this end, the present invention is a main fuel supply unit 10 for supplying a main fuel; Hot water supply unit 20 for supplying hot water; An emulsifier supply unit 30 for supplying an emulsifier; A mixer 395 for atomizing the main fuel, hot water, and an emulsifier to be atomized; A mixed oil supply unit 40 for storing the mixed oil and supplying the mixed oil to a combustion device; A combustion device 500 for burning the mixed oil; Control device 600 for controlling the system; consists of.

Emulsified Fuels, Combustion Systems, Emulsifiers

Description

Manufacturing method and combustion system of emulsion-type fuel             

1 is an explanatory diagram showing a structure of a combustion system of emulsified fuel according to one embodiment of the present invention;

* Description of the symbols according to the main parts of the drawings *

100: main fuel tank 200: hot water tank

300: emulsifier tank 400: mixed oil storage tank

500: combustion device 600: control device

110,210,310,410: Supply control valve 120,220,320,420: Supply pump

130,230,330,430: Pressure gauge 140,240,340,440: Flow meter

150,250,350,450: Non-return valve 160,260,360,460: Supply control valve

170,270,370,470: Return valve 111,211,311,411: Supply pipe

171,271,371,471: Return pipe 180,190: Main fuel bypass control valve

181: main fuel bypass pipe 395: mixer

480,490 Circulation Valve 481 Mixed Circulation Pipe

The present invention relates to a method for producing an emulsified fuel and a combustion system. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for producing an emulsified fuel, which is obtained by mixing water and an emulsifier with various main fuels such as fossil fuel and waste oil. By recirculating the mixed oil of primary fuel, water and emulsifier to the production line, the flow rate of the mixed oil flowing into the combustion device is maintained at the optimum flow rate. The present invention relates to a method for producing an emulsified fuel and a combustion system that can eliminate oil-water separation and improve combustion efficiency as well as reduce emissions of pollutants by adjusting not only flow rate and pressure but also temperature conditions of mixed oils according to various combustion conditions. .

For fossil fuels, gasoline is extracted first in order of refining crude oil, then light oil is extracted, and heavy oils such as bunker B and C oils with high boiling point are extracted later. Low-grade oil, such as waste oil, which is used and discarded, is generated. For this, a combustion system of the heavy oil and a method of recycling waste oil are required.

However, the combustion system of heavy oil and low oil has been developed, but the combustion efficiency is not only low, but also difficult to completely burn during combustion, there is a problem that a large amount of pollutants such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide and soot.

On the other hand, heavy oil or low quality oil is sprayed through a nozzle or heated at high temperature (about 90 ° C. or more) to reduce viscosity, thereby minimizing oil particles and burning at a high combustion temperature to suppress the generation of pollutants caused by incomplete combustion. However, due to the high viscosity and soot, the nozzle is clogged or the structure of the combustion apparatus for maintaining a high combustion temperature is complicated, and the emission of pollutants is large, the problems of high cost and low efficiency could not be overcome.

Therefore, by adding water and an emulsifier to heavy oil or low oil to improve hydrophilicity, a mechanical mixing method for atomization is effectively added, and heavy oil or low oil is made into an emulsified fuel in which fine oil is granulated and combusted. The emulsification method of fuels using emulsifiers is a method of emulsifying fuels using emulsifiers that improve the properties of surfactants, enabling physical and chemical adhesion of water particles and waste oils or heavy oil particles, and enclosing water particles in waste oils. Since the boiling point is relatively low (about 100 ° C.), the water particles boil and vaporize in a micro-explosion, thereby atomizing the waste oil and the like so that the waste oil is completely burned in contact with a large amount of oxygen.

However, in the combustion system by such emulsification method, it is often difficult to expect micro-explosive effect during actual combustion due to frequent separation of oil and water between oil and oil, and contaminated oil and bunker oil may be below the proper temperature. When the coagulation phenomenon occurs, especially in winter, there is a problem that the atomization is not good because the viscosity is lowered due to the coagulation phenomenon due to the temperature change.

In addition, in applying the method of manufacturing an emulsified fuel to an actual combustion system, the ratio of main fuel, water, and emulsifier may be mixed in the mixing process, and the type of main fuel such as heavy oil and low quality oil is changed. In addition, there is a need to develop a method for producing an emulsified fuel that can be quickly detected in real time, such as actively detecting the change in combustion conditions and adjusting the blending ratio of the emulsified fuel.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, the method and the combustion system of the emulsified fuel of the present invention is recycled to the combustion apparatus by recycling the mixed fuel of the primary fuel, water and emulsifier to the production line The flow rate of inflowing mixed oil maintains the optimum flow rate, prevents the mixed oil from solidifying even in winter, and adjusts the optimum mixing ratio according to the change of combustion condition without control of oil and water by the controller. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing an emulsified fuel and a combustion system capable of preventing pollution from occurring at the same time.

The emulsified fuel manufacturing method and combustion system of the present invention for achieving the above object, the main fuel tank 100, the main fuel tank 100 for storing the main fuel, such as various fossil fuel and waste oil Main fuel supply and control unit 11 for supplying the main fuel to the mixer 395 in the flow rate and pressure control, and the main fuel return unit 12 for returning the main fuel to the main fuel tank 100 A supply unit 10; Hot water tank 200 for storing water, hot water supply from the hot water tank 200 to the mixer 395, hot water supply and control unit 21 for adjusting the flow rate and pressure, the hot water return to the hot water tank 200 Hot water supply unit 20 consisting of a hot water return unit 22 to be; Emulsifier tank 300 for storing the emulsifier, the emulsifier supply and control unit 31 for supplying the emulsifier to the mixer 395 from the emulsifier tank 300 and adjusting the flow rate and pressure, returning the emulsifier to the emulsifier tank 300 Emulsifier supply unit 30 consisting of an emulsifier return unit 32 to be made; A mixer 395 installed to mix and atomize the main fuel, hot water, and an emulsion supplied from the main fuel supply unit 10, the hot water supply unit 20, and the emulsifier supply unit 30; A mixed oil storage tank 400 for storing the mixed oil mixed in the mixer 395, a mixed oil supply for supplying the mixed oil to the combustion device 500 from the mixed oil storage tank 400, and adjusting the flow rate and pressure. And a control unit 41, a mixed glass turn unit 42 for returning the mixed oil to the mixed oil storage tank 300, and supplied the mixed oil to the main fuel supply pipe 111 after receiving heat transfer from the combustion device 500. Mixing oil supply unit 40 consisting of the main fuel circulation portion 43; A combustion device 500 which receives the mixed oil from the mixed oil supply unit 40 and burns the mixed oil; It characterized in that consisting of; the supply control valve, the supply pump, the pressure gauge, the flow meter, the non-return valve, the control device 600 is connected and controlled.

In addition, the main fuel, water, and emulsifier are automatically supplied to the mixer 395 at a preset ratio to the control device 600 according to the type and combustion state of the main fuel, and the main fuel, water, A step of preparing an emulsified fuel, wherein the emulsifier is mixed and the atomized mixed oil is stored in the mixed oil storage tank 400 and maintained at a constant temperature; When the mixed oil stored in the mixed oil storage tank 400 is combusted, the opening and closing of the supply control valve, the main fuel bypass control valve, and the mixed oil supply control valve are controlled by the control device 600 so that the combustion device 500 is controlled. While supplying and mixing the mixed oil to the combustion, the supply control valve 460 and the circulation valves (480,490) are opened by the control device 600 to circulate the mixed oil to heat the mixed by the combustion device 500 Characterized in that the combustion step of the mixed oil supplied to the oil price mixer (395).

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an explanatory view showing a structure of a combustion system of an emulsified fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes a main fuel supply unit 10 for supplying a main fuel; A hot water supply unit 20 for supplying hot water; An emulsifier supply unit 30 for supplying an emulsifier; Mixer 395 for atomizing the main fuel, hot water, emulsifiers (hereinafter referred to as 'main fuel', etc.) supplied from the main fuel supply unit 10, the hot water supply unit 20, the emulsifier supply unit 30 (395) )Wow; A mixed oil supply unit 40 for supplying mixed oil mixed with a main fuel and the like; A combustion device (500) combusting the mixed oil supplied from the mixed oil supply unit (40); Control device 600 for adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the main fuel of the entire system.

The main fuel supply unit 10 is provided with a main fuel tank 100 for storing the main fuel such as various fossil fuels and waste oil, the hot water supply unit 20 is a hot water tank 200 for storing hot water Is installed, the emulsifier supply unit 30 is provided with an emulsifier tank 300 for storing the emulsifier.

In the main fuel tank 100, the hot water tank 200, the emulsifier tank 300, the heaters 101, 201, 301 for heating the main fuel and the like are respectively installed and mixed by heating the main fuel supplied to the mixer 395. The viscosity of the oil is reduced to allow mixing and atomization. The heating temperature is supplied by heating to 60 ° C. for the main fuel and 70 ° C. for the water, and the emulsifier is preferably supplied to room temperature.

The main fuel is supplied to the mixer 395 through the main fuel supply pipe 111, each of the pressure gauge 130 for sensing the pressure of the supply control valve 110 and the main fuel discharged to each of the main fuel supply pipe (111). ) And a flow meter 140 for detecting the flow rate, and the non-return valve 150 for preventing the main fuel from flowing back to the supply pipe 141 when the supply pressure is different from the supply pump 130 is sequentially It is installed, between the non-return valve 150 and the mixer 395, the supply control valve 160 for controlling the supply of the main fuel is installed to form the main fuel supply and control unit (11).

Since the supply pump 130 sends more flow rate than the required flow rate, a return pipe 171 for returning the remaining flow rate after subtracting the required flow rate to the main fuel tank 100 such as the main fuel is installed, and the return pipe ( The return valves 170 which are opened and closed according to conditions such as internal pressure of the pipes 171 are respectively provided to form the main fuel return unit 12.

The return pipes 171, 271 and 371 may be equipped with flow meters and pressure gauges, and actuators may be attached to the return valves 170, 270, and 370, and connected to the control device 600 to automate the return function.

In addition, the hot water is supplied to the mixer 395 through the hot water supply pipe 211, the hot water supply pipe 211, the supply control valve 220 and the pressure gauge 230 and the flow meter 240 and the check valve 250 Are sequentially installed, a supply control valve 260 for controlling the supply of hot water is installed between the non-return valve 250 and the mixer 395 to form a hot water supply and control unit 21.

In the supply pump 230, a return pipe 271 for returning an extra flow rate to the hot water tank 200 is installed, and return valves 270 are respectively installed in the return pipe 271 to provide the hot water return unit 22. Achieve.

In addition, the emulsifier is supplied to the mixer 395 through the emulsifier supply pipe 311, the emulsifier supply pipe 311, the supply control valve 310 and the pressure gauge 330 and the flow meter 340 and the check valve 350 Are sequentially installed, a supply control valve 360 for controlling the supply of the emulsifier is installed between the non-return valve 350 and the mixer 395 to form the emulsifier supply and control unit 31.

The supply pump 330 is provided with a return pipe 371 to return to the emulsifier tank 300, the return pipe 371 is provided with a return valve 370, respectively, to form an emulsifier return portion (32).

The main fuel supplied from the main fuel supply unit 10, the hot water supply unit 20, the emulsifier supply unit 30 is supplied to the mixer 395, the mixer 395 of the main fuel supply pipe 111 It is mounted inside and mixed and sprayed by the supply pressure of the main fuel supplied by the main fuel supply pump 120, the hot water supply pump 230, the emulsifier supply pump 330, etc. without installing a separate drive source such as a motor It is possible to simply install at a low cost since the structure is possible, the mixer 395 is preferably installed so that the flow of the liquid flows from the bottom to the top.

The mixed oil mixed in the mixer 395 is stored in the mixed oil storage tank 400. When the temperature decreases in winter, the viscosity of the bunker oil increases, so that the mixed oil storage tank 400 supplies a supply pipe ( 111, 211, 311 to install a heating wire to heat the main fuel and the like to store the temperature of the mixed oil at about 90 ℃.

The mixed oil stored in the mixed oil storage tank 400 is supplied to the combustion device 500 by the mode set in the control device 600. For complete combustion, the supply of the mixed oil to the combustion device 500 depends on the combustion conditions. It is desirable to be supplied at an appropriate flow rate.

To this end, the mixed oil storage tank 400 is provided with a mixed oil supply pipe 411 for supplying the mixed oil to the combustion device 500, and the mixed oil supply control valve 410 is provided in the mixed oil supply pipe 411. A pressure gauge 430 and a flow meter 440 are installed to detect the pressure and flow rate of the mixed oil discharged from the mixed oil supply pump 420 and the mixed oil supply control valve 410, and the mixed oil supply pipe 411. A non-return valve 450 is installed to prevent fluid from flowing back.

At the inlet of the combustion device 500, a supply control valve 460 is installed to adjust the flow rate of the mixed oil supplied to the combustion device 500, and the flow rate required for combustion of the mixed oil discharged from the mixed oil supply pump 420 is provided. The remaining glass except for the mixed oil supply pipe 411, the mixed glass turn pipe 471 is piped to return to the mixed oil storage tank 400, the mixed glass turn pipe 471 is a mixed glass turn valve 470 is installed.

The mixed oil of the mixed oil storage tank 400 needs to maintain 90 ° C. in order to prevent the viscosity from being lowered. For this purpose, the mixed oil circulating pipe 481 is installed to contact the side of the combustion device 500. The mixed oil passing through the mixed oil circulation pipe 481 is supplied to the main fuel supply pipe 111 in a heated state by receiving heat from the combustion device 500, and a circulation valve is provided to the mixed oil circulation pipe 481. 480,490) are installed.

Hereinafter, a method of preparing and combusting an emulsified fuel will be described in detail.

The emulsified fuel is a particulate capsule in the form of "Water in oil". It is prepared by mixing various fossil fuels, including heavy oils such as heavy oil, bunker B, and C oils, or low-quality oils such as waste oil and sand oil, and mixing water therewith.

Therefore, when the boiling point of 100 ℃ water is evaporated while boiling, the main fuel surrounding the water particles is changed to the state of ultra-fine particles. The main fuel particles in the ultrafine state can increase the contact area with oxygen and effectively burn them completely, thereby reducing the emission of harmful pollutants.

At this time, the added emulsifier increases the hydrophilicity of the oil to reduce the oil and water separation of the oil, the emulsified fuel of the present invention stably without causing the oil and water separation phenomenon at a wide range of temperature (-7 ℃ ~ 100 ℃) The oil has a particulate structure surrounding the water particles.

The main fuel, water, and emulsifier are automatically supplied to the mixer 395 at a preset ratio to the control device 600 according to the type and combustion state of the main fuel at room temperature or heated by the heaters 101, 201, and 301. The optimum blending ratio of and water, and the amount and composition ratio of emulsifier are determined by experiment according to the type of main fuel and combustion temperature.

In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the emulsifier is added to the water 30% of the emulsifier in the ratio of 0.3 ~ 0.4%, bunker C oil (C heavy oil) is the control device 600 at a rate of 1000L / hr at the remaining ratio It is preferable to mix by).

Based on this data, the control device 500 includes the main fuel supply pump 120, the main fuel supply control valve 110, the hot water supply pump 220, and the hot water supply control valve 210 connected to the control device 500. ), And the output signal for operating the emulsifier supply pump 320, the emulsifier supply control valve 310.

In the stage where the mixed oil is manufactured, the main fuel supply control valve 110 and the supply control valves 160, 260 and 360 are opened, and the main fuel bypass control valves 180 and 190, the supply control valves 410 and 460 and the circulation valve 490 are opened. Becomes closed.

In the main fuel storage tank 100, the hot water tank 200, the main fuel is heated to 60 ℃, water is 70 ℃ by heaters (101,201), the emulsifier in the emulsifier tank 300 at room temperature (heater according to the combustion conditions It may be heated by)) and then heated again by the heating wire installed in the main fuel supply pipe 111, hot water supply pipe 211, emulsifier supply pipe 311, the mixed oil storage tank 400 through the mixer 395 Is supplied to, the mixed oil atomized in the mixer 395 is preferably kept constant at 90 ℃ in the mixed oil storage tank (400).

When the mixed oil stored in the mixed oil storage tank 400 is combusted, the supply control valves 160, 260, 360 and the main fuel bypass control valves 180, 190 are closed by the control device 600, and the mixed oil is supplied. The control valve 410 is opened to supply the mixed oil to the combustion device 500 so that the mixed oil is combusted while always maintaining the optimum pressure and flow rate in the pipe.

In addition, the supply control valve 460 and the circulation valves 480 and 490 are opened to circulate the mixed oil to supply the mixed oil heated by the heat transfer with the combustion device 500 to the mixer 395.

If the main fuel is directly combusted without burning the mixed oil, the main fuel supply control valve 110, the mixed oil supply control valve 410, the mixed glass turn valve 470, and the circulation valves 480 and 490 by the control device. Is closed, the main fuel bypass control valve (180, 190) is the main fuel is supplied to the combustion device 500 in the open state.

As described in detail above, according to the manufacturing method and combustion system of the emulsified fuel according to the present invention, the flow rate of the mixed oil flowing into the combustion apparatus is maintained at the optimum flow rate state, and according to the change in the combustion conditions without oil-water separation phenomenon. The optimum mixing ratio is controlled by the control device to increase the combustion efficiency and to prevent pollution.

Claims (4)

Main fuel tank (100) for storing the main fuel, such as various fossil fuels and waste oil, the main fuel supply and control unit for supplying the main fuel from the main fuel tank 100 to the mixer (395) to adjust the flow rate and pressure (11), the main fuel supply unit 10 consisting of a main fuel return unit 12 for returning the main fuel to the main fuel tank 100; Hot water tank 200 for storing water, hot water supply from the hot water tank 200 to the mixer 395, hot water supply and control unit 21 for adjusting the flow rate and pressure, the hot water return to the hot water tank 200 Hot water supply unit 20 consisting of a hot water return unit 22 to be; Emulsifier tank 300 for storing the emulsifier, the emulsifier supply and control unit 31 for supplying the emulsifier to the mixer 395 from the emulsifier tank 300 and adjusting the flow rate and pressure, returning the emulsifier to the emulsifier tank 300 Emulsifier supply unit 30 consisting of an emulsifier return unit 32 to be made; A mixer 395 installed to mix and atomize the main fuel, hot water, and an emulsion supplied from the main fuel supply unit 10, the hot water supply unit 20, and the emulsifier supply unit 30; A mixed oil storage tank 400 for storing the mixed oil mixed in the mixer 395, a mixed oil supply for supplying the mixed oil to the combustion device 500 from the mixed oil storage tank 400, and adjusting the flow rate and pressure. And a control unit 41, a mixed glass turn unit 42 for returning the mixed oil to the mixed oil storage tank 300, and supplied the mixed oil to the main fuel supply pipe 111 after receiving heat transfer from the combustion device 500. Mixing oil supply unit 40 consisting of the main fuel circulation portion 43; A combustion device (500) which receives the mixed oil from the mixed oil supply unit (40) and burns it; And a control device (600) connected to and controlled by the supply control valve, the supply pump, the pressure gauge, the flow meter, the non-return valve, and the circulation valve. According to claim 1, wherein the mixed oil supply and control unit 41 of the mixed oil supply unit 40 is a mixed oil supply pipe 411 piped from the mixed oil storage tank 400 to the combustion device 500, Pressure gauge is installed to detect the pressure and flow rate of the mixed oil supply control valve 410 and the mixed oil supply pump 420, the mixed oil supply control valve 410 is discharged from the mixed oil supply control valve 410 430 and the flow meter 440, the non-return valve 450 to prevent the flow back to the mixed oil supply pipe 411, the supply control valve 460 to adjust the flow rate supplied to the combustion device 500 Consisting of; The mixed glass turn part 42 is installed in the mixed glass turn pipe 471 and the mixed glass turn pipe 471 which are branched from the mixed oil supply pipe 411 to the mixed oil storage tank 400. It consists of a mixed glass turn valve 470; The main fuel circulating unit 43 is connected to the main fuel supply pipe 111 via the combustion device 500 from the mixed oil storage tank 400 to supply heated fuel to the mixed oil storage tank 400. Method for producing an emulsified fuel and combustion system, characterized in that consisting of a mixed circulation pipe (481), a circulation valve (480,490) provided in the mixed circulation pipe (481). The main fuel, water, and emulsifier are automatically supplied to the mixer 395 at a preset ratio to the control device 600 according to the type and combustion state of the main fuel, and the main fuel, water, and emulsifier are supplied from the mixer 395. A step of producing an emulsified fuel, comprising mixing and atomizing the mixed oil stored in the mixed oil storage tank 400 to maintain a constant temperature; When the mixed oil stored in the mixed oil storage tank 400 is combusted, the opening and closing of the supply control valve, the main fuel bypass control valve, and the mixed oil supply control valve are controlled by the control device 600 so that the combustion device 500 is controlled. While supplying and mixing the mixed oil to the combustion, the supply control valve 460 and the circulation valves (480,490) are opened by the control device 600 to circulate the mixed oil to heat the mixed by the combustion device 500 Combustion step of the mixed oil supplied to the oil price mixer (395); manufacturing and combustion method of the emulsified fuel, characterized in that consisting of. According to claim 3, wherein the step of manufacturing the emulsified fuel in the main fuel storage tank 100, hot water tank 200, emulsifier tank 300, respectively, the main fuel is heated to 60 ℃, water is heated to 70 ℃, emulsifier After being supplied to the room temperature state is heated by a heating wire installed in the main fuel supply pipe 111, hot water supply pipe 211, emulsifier supply pipe 311 is stored in the mixed oil storage tank 400 at a temperature of 90 ℃; The ratio of the main fuel, water, and emulsifier supplied to the mixer 395 is 30% of water without oil separation, 0.3 to 0.4% of the emulsifier, and the control unit 600 at a rate of 1000 l / hr as the remaining ratio. ) Is mixed to produce a mixed oil; When the main fuel is directly combusted without burning the mixed oil, the main fuel supply control valve 110, the mixed oil supply control valve 410, the mixed glass turn valve 470, and the circulation valves 480 and 490 are controlled by the control device. Emulsified fuel, characterized in that the closed state, the main fuel bypass control valve (180, 190) is an open state further comprises a combustion step of the main fuel supplied to the combustion apparatus 500; Manufacturing method.

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