KR20060014081A - Device for volatile organic compound treatment by using flameless thermal oxidation method - Google Patents
Device for volatile organic compound treatment by using flameless thermal oxidation method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036413 temperature sense Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
- E03C1/26—Object-catching inserts or similar devices for waste pipes or outlets
- E03C1/266—Arrangement of disintegrating apparatus in waste pipes or outlets; Disintegrating apparatus specially adapted for installation in waste pipes or outlets
- E03C1/2665—Disintegrating apparatus specially adapted for installation in waste pipes or outlets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
- B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
- B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
각종 도장, 페인트제조, 화학공정등에서 배출되는 환경유해물질인 휘발성유기화합물(VOC : Volatile Organic Compound)의 처리방법에는 전통적인 열산화소각(Thermal Oxidation)방법이 가장 보편적으로 응용되고 있다. 일반적인 열소각은 VOC 물질을 버너를 통해 산화연소시킴으로써 연소실내의 화염의 온도분포에 따라 Thermal NOx 및 미연탄화(Unburned Hydro-carbon) 성분이 잔존하며, VOC 공급량과 농도에 따른 편차가 심할 경우 보조 연료인 LNG의 공급량이 많아지고 불완전연소가 일어나 부차적인 환경오염물질이 배출될 수 있다.
본 발명에서는 [대표도]에서 나타난 것과 같이 비활성 세라믹 다공층 (Inert Ceramic Porous Media Bed, ICPB)(11)내에서 VOC 흄가스, LNG보조연료와 공기가 예혼합(Pre-mixed)된 상태로 무화염 열산화(Flameless Thermal Oxidation, FTO) 연소반응을 일으킴으로써 연소반응 온도분포가 950~1050℃ 일정하게 되어 Thermal NOx의 발생을 억제하고, 화염면(Flame front)(11)의 위치가 안정적으로 유지되며, 세라믹 다공층이 연소반응열을 일정하게 흡수 또는 방출함으로써 연소의 안정성을 유지할 수 있게 하는 무화염열산화(FTO)방식의 VOC 처리장치를 고안하였다.
본 발명 장치는 종전의 축열산화방식(Regenerative Thermal Oxidation, RTO)과 촉매열산화방식(Catalytic Thermal Oxidation, CTO) 방식보다 열적안정성이 우수하고, 보조연료인 LNG 소모량이 적으며, VOC 처리효율이 높은 반면, 제작비와 설치공간이 작게드는 효과를 볼 수 있다.
휘발성유기화합물(VOC), 무화염 열산화 (FTO), 비활성 세라믹 다공층(ICPB)
Traditional Thermal Oxidation (VOC) is most commonly used for the treatment of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), which are environmentally harmful substances emitted from various painting, paint and chemical processes. In general, thermal incineration oxidizes and burns VOC material through a burner, so that thermal NOx and unburned hydrocarbons remain according to the temperature distribution of the flame in the combustion chamber. Secondary environmental pollutants may be released due to increased supply of phosphorus LNG and incomplete combustion.
In the present invention, VOC fume gas, LNG auxiliary fuel and air are pre-mixed in the inert ceramic porous media bed (ICPB) 11 as shown in the [Figure]. Flame Thermal Oxidation (FTO) Combustion reaction causes the combustion reaction temperature distribution to be constant at 950 ~ 1050 ℃, thereby suppressing the generation of thermal NOx and maintaining the position of flame front 11 stably. In addition, the ceramic porous layer has devised a VOC treatment apparatus of the flameless thermal oxidation (FTO) method to maintain the stability of combustion by constantly absorbing or releasing the heat of combustion reaction.
The device of the present invention has better thermal stability, less LNG consumption, and higher VOC treatment efficiency than the conventional Regenerative Thermal Oxidation (RTO) and Catalytic Thermal Oxidation (CTO) methods. On the other hand, production costs and installation space can be seen to reduce the effect.
Volatile organic compounds (VOC), flameless thermal oxidation (FTO), inert ceramic porous layer (ICPB)
Description
[도 1] 무화염열산화(FTO)방식의 VOC제거장치 개략도1 is a schematic view of VOC removal apparatus of flameless thermal oxidation (FTO) method
(1)VOC fume 유입관 (2)보조연료 LNG가스 유입관 (3)공기 유입관 (1) VOC fume inlet pipes (2) auxiliary fuel LNG gas inlet pipes (3) air inlet pipes
(4)예혼합가스 주입관 (5)본체 (6)연소배출가스 배기관 (4) premixed gas inlet pipes (5) main body (6) combustion exhaust gas pipes
(7)세라믹 볼 배출구 (8)난류발생장치 (9)지지대 (10)세라믹 볼/다공층(7) ceramic ball outlets (8) turbulence generators (9) supports (10) ceramic balls / porous layers
(11)화염면(11) flame cotton
각종 도장, 페인트제조, 화학공정등에서 배출되는 환경유해물질인 휘발성유기화합물(VOC)을 제거하기 위한 열소각 혹은 열산화방식을 이용한 장치기술 분야에 해당되며, 종래에는 주로 축열산화방식(RTO)과 촉매열산화방식(CTO) 방식이 대표적으로 알려져 있는 기술이다.It corresponds to the field of device technology using thermal incineration or thermal oxidation to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are emitted from various coatings, paints, and chemical processes. Catalytic thermal oxidation (CTO) method is a known technique.
일반적인 연소과정에서는 연료와 산소가 혼합되면서 불꽃(즉, 화염)을 일으키면서 연소가 일어난다. 그러나 화염은 반응물의 혼합과 산화 및 반응, 반응후 확산등의 단계를 통해 화염주변의 온도의 분포가 500~1200℃ 정도로 넓으며, 공급되는 VOC fume의 유량과 농도에 따라서 요구되는 보조연료(주로 LNG)와 공기비의 변화가 크며, 1100℃ 부근에서 Thermal NOx가 발생되며, 화염온도가 불안정하여 불완전연소가 일어나기 쉽다. 따라서, 본 발명에서는 축열재인 세라믹 볼을 충진하여 다공층을 형성하게하고 그 내부에서 화염면(11)을 고정시켜 축열체와 화염간의 열적평형을 유지하면서 높은 VOC fume 공급 변화비(Turn Down Ratio)에서도 화염면(11)이 안정적이고, Thermal NOx가 발생되지 않으면서 완전연소가 가능한 950~1050℃ 정도의 적정한 온도을 유지할 수 있는 장치기술을 발명하고 자 한다.In a typical combustion process, combustion occurs when a mixture of fuel and oxygen generates a flame (ie, a flame). However, the flame has a wide range of temperature around 500 ~ 1200 ℃ by mixing, oxidizing, reacting, and diffusion after reacting, and the auxiliary fuel (mainly required according to the flow rate and concentration of VOC fume supplied). LNG) and air ratio are large, thermal NOx is generated around 1100 ℃, and incomplete combustion is likely to occur due to unstable flame temperature. Therefore, in the present invention, the ceramic ball as the heat storage material is filled to form a porous layer, and the
[도 1]에서 나타난 것과 같이 VOC fume 가스 유입관(1), 보조연료인 LNG 가스관(2) 및 연소공기 공급관(3)을 통해 3가지 기체가 중앙부에 있는 분사관(4)을 통해 본체(5)에 충진되어 있는 축열 세라믹 볼 다공층(10)으로 분사되면, 미리 예열되어 있던 다공층내에서 일정한 화염면을 형성하고 반응된 연소생성가스는 배기관(6)을 통해 배출된다. 그리고, 세라믹 볼의 배출구(7)과 본체의 지지대(9)로 구성된다.As shown in FIG. 1, the main body (3) through the injection pipe (4) having three gases through the VOC fume gas inlet pipe (1), the auxiliary fuel LNG gas pipe (2) and the combustion air supply pipe (3) in the center ( When sprayed into the regenerative ceramic ball
본 발명장치의 초기 작동은 다음과 같다. Initial operation of the apparatus of the present invention is as follows.
1. 세라믹 다공층내에 일련의 점화장치에 의해 LNG 와 공기만으로 된 예혼합 기체를 점화시킨다.1. A series of ignition devices in the ceramic porous layer ignite the premixed gas consisting of LNG and air only.
2. 세라믹 볼 다공층의 내부에 장착되는 일련의 온도 센스에서 온도가 500~800℃ 정도로 감지 되면, 서서히 VOC fume 가스의 유량을 증가시키고 LNG 가스 유량은 감소시키면서 다공층 내부의 온도가 950~1050℃정도로 일정한 분포를 나타내는 시점부터는 VOC fume 가스, LNG 보조가스 및 공기의 최적비율을 유지한다.2. If the temperature is detected as 500 ~ 800 ℃ in a series of temperature senses mounted inside the ceramic ball porous layer, the temperature inside the porous layer is increased to 950 ~ 1050 while gradually increasing the flow rate of VOC fume gas and decreasing the LNG gas flow rate. From this point of time, the optimum ratio of VOC fume gas, LNG auxiliary gas and air is maintained.
3. VOC fume가스의 공급량의 변동에 대처하기 위해서 최소 및 최대 공급량의 비(Turn Down Ratio)를 미리 설정하고, 그에 해당되는 최적온도분포대를 유지하면서 자동운전되도록 제어한다.3. In order to cope with fluctuations in the supply of VOC fume gas, the minimum and maximum supply down ratios are set in advance, and they are controlled to operate automatically while maintaining the optimum temperature distribution range.
본 발명 장치의 주요 설계 인자는 다음과 같다.The main design factors of the device of the present invention are as follows.
1. 본체(4) 및 주입관(3) 형상과 치수1.Shape and dimensions of main body 4 and injection tube 3
2. 세라믹 볼의 열전도특성, 직경과 충진율(혹은 공극율), 충진 높이2. Thermal conductivity, diameter, filling rate (or porosity), filling height of ceramic balls
3. 주입관(3) 내에서 예혼합을 향상시키기 위한 난류발생장치(8)3. Turbulence generating device (8) for improving premixing in the injection pipe (3)
4. 세라믹 볼의 회수를 위한 하부 볼 배출구(7)의 크기4. Size of lower ball outlet 7 for recovery of ceramic balls
주입관(3)의 직경은 예혼합가스의 유속이 3~5m/sec 의 범위에서 화염의 산화반응속도보다 약 10~15배가 되도록 정하고, 본체의 직경은 타원형으로 형성되는 화염면(11)의 장축길이 보다 2~2.5배가 되도록 한다. 본체의 체적은 연소가스의 체류시간이 2~3초가 유지될 수 있으며, 충진체 부피의 1.3~1.5배가 되는 용량을 유지한다.The diameter of the injection pipe 3 is determined so that the flow rate of the premixed gas is about 10 to 15 times the oxidation reaction rate of the flame in the range of 3 to 5 m / sec, the diameter of the body of the
세라믹 볼의 크기는 20~50mm 직경의 구형으로 알루미나 계열의 축열특성이 좋으며, 적정한 구조강도를 가지는 재료로 선택하고, 충진량은 다공층의 공극율일 50~75% 정도일 때 안정적인 화염면(11)을 형성하면서 차압이 작게 걸리게 된다. 충진체의 충진 높이는 주입관(4)의 끝단에서 상부로 본체(5) 직경의 1.5~2.5배가 되도록 하여 반응후 연소가스의 온도를 계속적으로 일정하게 유지하여 미반응 생성물이 없도록 한다. The ceramic balls are spherical with a diameter of 20 to 50 mm and have good heat storage characteristics of the alumina series, and are selected as materials having appropriate structural strength, and the filling amount is stable when the porosity of the porous layer is about 50 to 75%. The differential pressure is small while forming. The filling height of the filling body is 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter of the
각종 산업체에서 발생되는 VOC의 대부분 성분인 톨루렌, 벤젠, 에틸렌등의 환경규제 대상물질 100여가지의 혼합가스 뿐 만 아니라, 악취성 물질등이 혼합된 경우에도 일정한 발열에너지를 포함한 연소가능 가스들은 본 발명장치에서 모두 산화소각되어 CO2, H2O, N2 등의 환경적으로 무해한 생성물질로 변환된다.Combustible gases that contain constant exothermic energy even when odorous substances are mixed, as well as 100 mixed gases of environmentally regulated substances such as toluene, benzene, and ethylene, which are the majority of VOCs generated by various industries, In the apparatus of the present invention, all are incinerated and converted into environmentally harmless products such as
주입관(3)이 본체(4)와 다공층(10)내부로 장입되어 있어 예혼합된 가스의 예열특성을 향상시켜 연소효율을 높일 수 있게 한다.The injection tube 3 is charged into the main body 4 and the
기존의 RTO, CTO등의 기술에 비해 화염이 다공층(10) 내부에 형성되고 축열 세라믹 볼에 의해 열적평형이 유지됨으로써 보다 넓은 연료공급비(Turn Down Ratio)에서도 작동이 가능하며, 연소온도의 범위도 Thermal NOx가 발생되지 않는 범위(1100℃이내)에서 완전연소가 되는 온도분포를 유지할 수 있다.Compared to the existing RTO and CTO technologies, the flame is formed inside the
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101493786B1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-02-17 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Scrubber and method for treating nondegradable hazardous gas |
| KR101494623B1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-02-24 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Device and method for treating nondegradable hazardous gas |
| US10465905B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2019-11-05 | Korea Institute Of Energy Research | Energy saving combustion device for burning refractory hazardous gas and method for operating the same |
-
2006
- 2006-01-29 KR KR1020060009172A patent/KR20060014081A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101493786B1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-02-17 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Scrubber and method for treating nondegradable hazardous gas |
| KR101494623B1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-02-24 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Device and method for treating nondegradable hazardous gas |
| US10465905B2 (en) | 2015-03-26 | 2019-11-05 | Korea Institute Of Energy Research | Energy saving combustion device for burning refractory hazardous gas and method for operating the same |
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