KR20060008343A - Apparatus and method processing for high pressure and high temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-pressure high-temperature processing apparatus and a method thereof, wherein the present invention is provided with at least one internal pressure vessel into which the raw material is introduced / discharged, and covers all or part of the internal pressure vessel and internal pressure vessel A reaction vessel including an external pressure vessel for heating; At least one input unit providing a passage through which raw materials can be introduced into the internal pressure vessel, and capable of withstanding high pressure and high temperature generated in the reaction vessel during processing, and having airtightness; At least one discharge unit providing a passage through which the treated material can be discharged from the internal pressure vessel, capable of withstanding high pressure and high temperature generated in the reaction vessel during processing, and having airtightness; A steam supply unit configured to pressurize and warm steam by supplying steam to the inner / external pressure vessels of the reaction vessel or simultaneously; A stirring device including a stirring shaft rotatably coupled to both ends of the reaction vessel in a rotatable manner, and a plurality of stirring wings having one end fixed to the stirring shaft to stir the raw material introduced into the internal pressure vessel; And a steam discharge part configured to discharge the steam to the inner / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel, respectively or simultaneously, to reduce the pressure under reduced pressure.

Combustible materials, high pressure and high temperature treatment equipment, reaction vessel, stirring device, steam, equipment cost, treatment cost

Description

Apparatus and Method Processing for High Pressure and High Temperature

1 is a schematic view showing a high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus according to the present invention,

2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing different examples of the reaction vessel shown in FIG.

4 is a partial perspective view showing the stirring apparatus shown in FIG.

5 is a plan view seen from the direction A shown in FIG.

6 is a flow chart showing a processing performed through the high pressure and high temperature processing apparatus according to the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the temperature and pressure conditions of the internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel in the process shown in FIG.

* Description of Signs for Main Parts in Drawings *

10: reaction vessel 11: internal pressure vessel

13: External pressure vessel 20: Input part

30: discharge part 40: steam supply part

50: stirring device 60: steam outlet

71, 72: Safety device 80: Auxiliary input

90: steam transfer device

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-321855 (Ecomaterial)

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-147662

[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent No. 3440835

[Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-290819

[Patent Document 5] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0526327 (ITC)

[Patent Document 6] Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0124971

[Patent Document 7] Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0136987 (Korea Research Institute of Chemicals)

The present invention is a combustible material (organic waste, household garbage, organic sludge, sewage sludge, livestock manure, food waste, infectious waste, waste plastics, waste furniture, liquid organic matter and waste water, etc.) temperature 200 ~ 275 degrees, pressure The present invention relates to a high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus for a combustible material treated in a high temperature and high pressure state of 16 atm to 59 atm and a treatment method thereof.

In general, the physical and chemical reactions applied to the treatment of combustible materials are mainly processed using crushing, oxidizing, and reducing. The processing apparatus includes crushing and crushing, incineration, carbonization, anaerobic digestion, and aerobic composting. have.

Incineration and carbonization techniques using external heating energy such as petroleum are short, but the processing time is about 1 day, but the cost of equipment and treatment is excessive, and the cost of repair and repair is high.In case of incineration, pollutants such as incineration and dioxins are generated. In the case of aerobic composting technology, which is processed by pure microorganisms without using external heating energy, it takes about 3 to 6 weeks to process, but it has low equipment cost and processing cost.

As a result, there is a need for a technology that has a shorter processing period than aerobic composting technology due to a lower equipment cost and processing cost than incineration or carbonization.

Thus, as in Patent Literature 6 and Patent Literature 7, the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel are raised to 200 to 275 degrees and 16 to 59 atm using external heating energy (dehydration by pyrolysis if the reaction temperature is outside this range). The problem is that the reaction does not occur or the amount of gas generated by pyrolysis and the amount of water-soluble oils increase, resulting in an increase in the generation of substances that are secondary environmental pollution sources of water pollution and air pollution.) Technology is at an early stage of gradually entering the industrialization stage from the laboratory stage.

In other words, the new technology of high pressure and high temperature treatment technology is recognized in the market and realized as industrialization only when it is competitive in equipment cost and processing cost after securing the life and safety of the device compared with other treatment methods. It's a reality.

The system described in Patent Literature 1 is for recycling waste and other general materials as a exothermic molded body under high temperature and high pressure environment, and supplies water vapor at a high temperature and high pressure only to the inside of the reaction vessel. It takes a long time to dry the drying of the treatment material, there is a problem that the load of the stirring device due to the screw-type stirrer is extreme.

The decomposition treatment method and the device described in Patent Literature 2 also use hydrothermal reaction to decompose the hardly decomposable waste at a temperature below the critical pressure. However, since it is continuous, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes complicated.

In particular, the organic waste treatment method described in Patent Literature 3 is a method of oxidation treatment in high temperature and high pressure steam set below the critical pressure above the supercritical temperature of water, because the set temperature is 500 ° C or higher and the pressure is 5Mpa to 22Mpa. There is a problem that development of a device that withstands this is difficult and expensive.

Next, the high-pressure high-temperature treatment apparatus shown in Patent Document 4 oxidizes organic waste in a continuous state in the state of supercritical water or subcritical water at a time, and the treatment conditions of subcritical water suitable for oxidative decomposition reaction are treated at a temperature of 250 ° C. or higher. Since it is 5-10 Mpa, the development of the apparatus for continuous oxidation treatment in this condition is difficult and costly problem.

Finally, the high temperature and high pressure treatment apparatus shown in Patent Document 5 is batchwise, and the processing conditions are 300 ° C. or lower and the processing pressure is 1.4 to 5 MPa, which is quite similar to the present invention, but supplies only the high temperature and high pressure steam to the reaction vessel. Due to the condensation of water vapor in the reaction vessel, there is a problem that the drying time takes a long time when the treatment material is dried.

As described above, when the existing high temperature and high pressure treatment technology is used as a standard for securing the service life and safety of the device and competing with other treatment technologies in terms of device cost and treatment cost, the following problems are expected.

First, due to the condensation of steam, it does not dry well and takes a long time to dry.

Because the temperature inside the reaction vessel is filled with a large amount of steam of more than 200 degrees, at this time, simply by keeping the outside of the reaction vessel with a thermal insulation material, the temperature deviation is severe and condensation of steam occurs, thereby supplying moisture to the raw material Therefore, there is a problem in that the amount of moisture to be evaporated during drying increases the drying time or increases the total treatment capacity when treated in a liquid phase.

Second, the time to warm up in the reaction vessel is long, and the energy loss during the treatment step is large.

This is because when the raw material is added to the reaction vessel and the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel are raised to the target temperature and pressure, the heat loss is minimized and the target temperature and pressure is made within a short time and maintained for 1 to 2 hours. It should be, but simply keeping warm with heat insulator takes a long time to heat up and pressurize because of large heat loss.

Third, in order to be competitive in comparison with other treatment technologies due to the low production cost of reaction vessel, and to have safety, durability, corrosion resistance, and abrasion resistance, it is important to use metal of appropriate material as the material of reaction vessel or reaction. The material of the metal used in the container is not suitable for this.

Because, when the capacity of the reaction vessel is made to handle a commercially applicable material of about 3㎥, the metal material of the reaction vessel is the thickness and material of the metal that can withstand high temperature and high pressure, and at least 3 years It should be able to guarantee the service life of the above. Therefore, it must be resistant to corrosion at high temperature and high pressure and abrasion caused by the stirring of the processed material. Or even if it is produced in the future has a problem that it is difficult to commercialize the device because of the high price.

For example, stainless steel (hereinafter, referred to as 'sten') is widely used in the market because it is a metal material that is resistant to corrosion and has excellent wear resistance. In particular, when experimenting with high pressure and high temperature treatment technology in the laboratory, most of them are experimenting with small-scale reaction vessels using stainless steel.

However, in order to make the reaction vessel to withstand the high temperature and high pressure using the stainless steel, there must be a corresponding thickness in consideration of the safety factor. There is a difficulty in the primary device industrialization, and there is a difficulty in the industrialization of the secondary device that even if the production of the stainless steel having the required thickness is too expensive even if it is made too expensive. However, due to the characteristics of the stent, it has a definite structural problem that it is easily stretched to heat. Therefore, the corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance are lower than those of the stent, but the price is cheap, easy to obtain, and easy to manufacture. There is a problem in that it is difficult to ensure long service life due to weak wear.

Fourth, due to frequent forward and reverse rotation, the load is large when the agitator is operated, so it is easy to break down, and large power is required.

Because the existing technologies are stirred and transported in the forward and reverse rotation when the raw material filled in the reaction vessel is stirred with the stirring device, the stirring and the transfer are performed at the same time when the material having a high viscosity is made than the stirring alone. If the load of the device is large and frequent forward and reverse rotations are required during processing, the load of the stirring device is further increased.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-pressure high-temperature processing apparatus and its processing method which is competitive in comparison with other processing techniques in the equipment cost and treatment cost while ensuring the service life and safety of the device. have.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a high temperature and high pressure treatment apparatus capable of stirring and discharging the treated waste in the reaction vessel so that no residue remains.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-pressure high-temperature processing apparatus for treating a combustible material using a reaction occurring under high pressure and high temperature, and installs at least one internal pressure vessel into which the raw material is added / discharged, A reaction vessel surrounding all or part of the internal pressure vessel and including an external pressure vessel for internal pressure heating of the internal pressure vessel; At least one input unit providing a passage through which raw materials can be introduced into the internal pressure vessel, and capable of withstanding high pressure and high temperature generated in the reaction vessel during processing, and having airtightness; At least one discharge unit providing a passage through which the treated material can be discharged from the internal pressure vessel, capable of withstanding high pressure and high temperature generated in the reaction vessel during processing, and having airtightness; A steam supply unit configured to pressurize and heat the steam to the internal / external internal pressure vessel of the reaction vessel, respectively or simultaneously; A stirring device including a stirring shaft rotatably coupled to both ends of the reaction vessel in a rotatable manner, and a plurality of stirring wings having one end fixed to the stirring shaft to stir the raw material introduced into the internal pressure vessel; It provides a high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus comprising a; and the steam discharge portion for reducing the pressure to reduce the pressure by discharging the steam respectively or at the same time to the inner / outer pressure vessel of the reaction vessel.

Accordingly, due to the double reaction vessel in the processing of raw materials, the composite material can be heated directly (directly supply steam to the internal pressure vessel) and indirectly (heat transfer from the internal pressure vessel to the internal pressure vessel). It can shorten the time to warm up and pressurize the raw materials and minimize the heat loss of the raw materials during the process by maximizing warming function called indirect heating, and at the same time, reduce the condensate generated during steam supply to reduce the moisture content of the raw materials. To prevent this increase, the raw material can be dried continuously from the input to the discharge when the treated raw material is to be discharged in a dried state, and the treatment due to condensate when the treated raw material is to be discharged in the liquid state. Shorter overall processing time, reduced energy losses and maximum drying functions, including reduced capacity growth Made in the practical application of high-temperature high-pressure processing apparatus of the processing capacity increases and cost-effective processing costs can have a most important factor.

The stirring blade may be used in various shapes (for example, screw type, ribbon type, rotary type) depending on the properties of the raw material, but the stirring blade has to be operated at a high temperature and high pressure, one side along the stirring shaft direction It is formed in a flat surface, the other surface is provided as an inclined surface, the stirring blade is stirred when the rotation direction of the stirring shaft is rotated forward to the plane side of the stirring blade, the stirring and transfer can be carried out simultaneously when the stirring blade is rotated to the inclined surface side of the stirring blade have.

Therefore, before discharging, the stirring device rotates forward to only perform stirring, thereby reducing the load of the stirring device coming from frequent forward / reverse rotations, thereby eliminating the need for great power. Material can be smoothly transferred to the discharge part, it is possible to prevent the residue of the processed material, etc. remaining in the reaction vessel.

At least one outlet may be installed at any one of one side, both sides, or the center of the bottom of the reaction vessel.

The reaction vessel is preferably made of a multi-layer junction of two or more different metals to withstand high pressure and high temperature.

Accordingly, the material of the reaction vessel is made of, for example, a heterogeneous multi-layered joining metal which is resistant to corrosion and abrasion, but which is made of expensive stainless steel and inexpensive carbon steel, but is used as the material of the reaction vessel. By bringing the safety of the reaction vessel, which is the core of the high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus, to be provided as a pressure resistant vessel, it is possible to manufacture the high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus to have a service life of 3 to 5 years, which is an important criterion for practical use.

At least one pressure reducing unit (for example, a vacuum pump, blowers, blowers, jet injector, etc.) for reducing the pressure in the internal pressure vessel of the reaction vessel below atmospheric pressure.

As a result, it is possible to lower the boiling temperature of the raw materials in the internal pressure vessel, thereby enabling drying in a shorter time at a lower energy cost than at atmospheric pressure, as well as lowering the temperature of steam discharged from the internal pressure vessel. And, due to the steam discharged at a high temperature, it may affect devices for treating steam, for example, filters, second pressure control valves, cooling devices, heat exchangers, deodorization, sterilization, purification equipment, etc., causing malfunctions and failures. It is possible to manufacture a high pressure and high temperature treatment device to prevent the damage and extend the service life.

The steam supply unit at least one steam supply for generating and supplying steam; At least one first pressure control valve connected to the steam supplier to regulate steam pressure; And at least one dry steam conversion device (heating device, water separation device, heating and water separation device, etc.) for converting the supplied saturated steam into a super heated critical state. have.

Accordingly, when the dry steam converting device is installed, the dry steam is supplied into the reaction vessel in the dry steam state, so that the amount of condensate generated is smaller than that in the saturated steam state, thereby shortening the drying time during drying, and increasing the processing capacity during the liquid treatment. It is possible to manufacture high pressure and high temperature processing apparatus to reduce the pressure.

The steam discharge unit comprises at least one filter for filtering foreign matter contained in the discharge steam from the internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel; At least one second pressure regulating valve connected to the filter to adjust the pressure of the internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel; And at least one safety device for discharging steam when an abnormality occurs in the internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel (a safety valve or a reaction vessel is provided with a device that is weaker than the explosion and breakdown pressure of the reaction vessel. It is composed of a device that protects the reaction vessel from explosion and damage when it is lifted up first, and at this time, it is possible to collect and process the discharged steam separately or to be safely connected to the steam discharger. Preferred).

In addition, a sterilizer, a platinum catalyst, a deodorizer, a purifier, a sterilizer, including a device including a heat exchanger system for transferring heat to a transfer screw, a storage hopper, and a water tank of a steam supply unit, in addition to a general heat exchanger at the rear of the steam discharge unit. A purifier can be installed to process and discharge the steam emitted.

Accordingly, when the filter is installed, foreign substances contained in the steam discharged from the reaction vessel are filtered out, and thus, the second pressure control valve installed at the rear end and the cooling device, heat exchanger, deodorization / sterilization / purification device, etc. It is possible to manufacture high pressure and high temperature processing devices to prevent the malfunctions and malfunctions and extend the service life.

Auxiliary additives for controlling the reaction reaction (oxidation, reduction, pyrolysis, etc.) and reaction rate of the raw material stirred in the internal pressure vessel (heated or unheated air, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, acid clay, clay, montmorillonite , Kaolin, bentonite, etc.) may further include one or more auxiliary input units that can be installed anywhere in the top, bottom, left and right of the reaction vessel.

As a result, it is possible to manufacture a high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus capable of increasing the processing efficiency of raw materials.

In order to move the steam between the inner / outer pressure vessel of the reaction vessel, it may further include a steam moving device installed in the reaction vessel.

Accordingly, the steam discharged from the internal pressure vessel at the time of pressure reduction is not directly discharged through the steam discharge section, but moved to the external pressure vessel so that the internal pressure vessel can be heated without the addition of additional thermal energy or the high pressure and high temperature of the internal pressure vessel. It is possible to manufacture a high-pressure high-temperature processing device that allows steam to be firstly reduced in temperature and pressure in an external pressure vessel and then discharged through a steam discharge section, or to send steam to an internal pressure vessel through an external pressure vessel. Done

In addition, another feature of the present invention, the reaction vessel including an internal / external pressure vessel into which the raw material is introduced / discharged, an input unit for inputting the raw material into the internal pressure vessel, and the internal pressure vessel A discharge unit for discharging the substance, a steam supply unit for supplying and heating steam by respectively or simultaneously supplying steam to the internal / external internal pressure vessel of the reaction vessel, a stirring device for stirring the raw material introduced into the internal pressure vessel, and In the high-pressure high-temperature treatment method for processing the raw material through a high-pressure high-temperature device having a steam discharge unit to discharge the steam to the internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel, respectively, or at the same time to reduce the pressure reduction, the stirring device is not operated or operated While preheating or during the input of the raw material to the internal pressure vessel to supply the steam to the external pressure vessel to preheat the reaction vessel Pre-heating step of; After completion of the input of the raw material, the steam and pressure in the internal pressure vessel by supplying steam to the internal / external pressure vessel, respectively or at the same time or to the internal pressure vessel for this treatment while operating the stirring device. Pressurized heating step to raise; A temperature pressure maintaining step of supplying steam to the internal / external pressure vessels individually or simultaneously or supplying steam only to the internal pressure vessels for the pressure and temperature in the raised internal pressure vessel within 0.5 to 2 hours; A pressure reduction temperature reduction step of lowering the pressure in the internal pressure vessel to an atmospheric pressure level while discharging steam in the internal pressure vessel to discharge the treated material through the temperature pressure maintaining step; And a discharge step of discharging the material processed by the discharge unit after the decompression temperature reduction step.

The pressure to be raised in the pressurized heating step is within 59 atm at 16 atm, and the temperature is preferably raised by raising only within 200 to 275 ° C. This is because if the reaction temperature is set too close to 300 ℃ without considering the safety factor, secondary environmental pollution may occur as the reaction temperature is over 300 ℃. Because it is difficult to do.

In addition, it may further include an auxiliary additive input step of injecting the auxiliary additives into the internal pressure vessel.

The method may further include a reduced pressure drying step of lowering the pressure of the internal pressure vessel below atmospheric pressure before the pressurized heating step or after the reduced pressure reduction step.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail as follows.

1 shows a high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus according to the present invention. First, as shown in Figure 1, the treatment apparatus according to the present invention wraps the whole of the at least one internal pressure vessel 11 and the internal pressure vessel 11 for injecting a combustible material (hereinafter referred to as 'raw material') A reaction vessel 10 including an external pressure vessel 13 for internal pressure heating of the internal pressure vessel 11 is provided.

The reason for forming the reaction vessel 10 in this way is that the raw material can be directly supplied with steam to the internal pressure vessel due to the double reaction vessel when processing the raw material, and indirectly from the external pressure vessel. Heat can be transferred to the internal pressure vessels, and consequently, multiple heating in the internal and external pressure vessels 11 and 13 is possible.

Accordingly, it is possible to shorten the time for heating and pressurizing the raw materials in the reaction vessel, and to minimize the heat loss of the raw materials during the treatment process by the heat-insulating function called indirect heating, while at the same time reducing the condensed water generated during steam supply. It is possible to prevent the increase in the moisture content of the raw material. In addition, in order to dry the raw materials, it is possible to continuously dry the raw materials from input to discharge, reducing the overall processing time, reducing energy loss, and maximizing the drying function, thereby increasing the processing capacity and reducing the processing cost. Has the most important factor in the practical use of the device.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the reaction vessel 10 may surround the external pressure vessel 13a so that one side of the internal pressure vessel 11a is exposed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer pressure vessel 13b may of course be wrapped to expose both sides of the inner pressure vessel 11b. At this time, it is also possible to include a separate insulating means (15a, 15b) surrounding the reaction vessel 10 for the insulation of the reaction vessel 10 on the outer circumference of the reaction vessel 10 exposed to the outside.

As such, the external pressure vessels 13a and 13b expose at least a portion of the internal pressure vessels 11a and 11b to provide ease of manufacture at the time of manufacture, and shorten the production period to produce the high pressure high temperature treatment apparatus. Can be lowered.

In addition, as shown in Figure 1, the input unit 20 is communicatively coupled to the upper portion of the internal pressure-resistant container 11 provides a passage for inputting the raw material. The input unit 20 is preferably manufactured to withstand the high pressure and high temperature generated in the reaction vessel 10 during the raw material processing and has a gas tightness.

In addition, the discharge portion 30 is communicatively coupled to the bottom of the internal pressure vessel 11 provides a passage for discharging the material is completed. Like the inlet 20, the discharge unit 30 can withstand the high pressure and high temperature generated in the reaction vessel during processing, and is preferably manufactured to have airtightness. In addition, the reaction vessel 10 may be made by multi-layer bonding of two or more different metals in order to improve the rigidity.

The discharge portion 30 may be located at any one of one side, both sides, or the center of the bottom of the internal pressure vessel 11, the positioning of such discharge portion 30 is described below stirring blade portion It has a close relationship with the installation direction of 53, and this relationship will be described together when explaining the configuration of the stirring device (50).

Meanwhile, the steam supply unit 40 connected to one side of the reaction vessel 10 serves to pressurize and heat steam by respectively or simultaneously supplying the internal / external pressure vessels 11 and 13 of the reaction vessel 10. do.

The steam supply unit 40 includes a steam supply 41 for generating steam, at least one first pressure control valve 43 connected to the steam supply 41 to regulate steam pressure, and the steam supply 41. It may include a dry steam conversion device 45 for converting the saturate (saturate) generated by the) into a super heated critical.

As such, as the dry steam is supplied into the internal pressure vessel 11 through the dry steam converting device 45 into the reaction vessel 10, the amount of condensed water is reduced compared to when supplying the saturated steam to dry raw materials. In this case, the drying time can be shortened.

In addition, the stirring device 50 installed to penetrate the inside of the reaction vessel 10 serves to stir the raw material to react and process the raw material introduced into the internal pressure vessel 11, and discharges the processed material. Simultaneously carries out the transfer to (30).

The stirring device 50 has a stirring shaft 51 through which both ends rotatably penetrate the reaction vessel 10, the stirring shaft 51 is driven forward / reverse rotation through a power source (not shown) .

In addition, the stirring device 50 includes a plurality of stirring blades 53 which are fixed to the stirring shaft 51 to stir or transport the raw materials introduced into the internal pressure vessel 11. The stirring blade portion 53 includes a plurality of supporters 53a, one end of which is fixed to the stirring shaft 51, and a fin 53b coupled to each of the plurality of supporters 53a.

4 is a partial perspective view of the stirring apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a plan view viewed from the direction A shown in FIG. 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, one side of the pin 53a of the stirring blade part 53 is formed in the plane P along the stirring shaft 51 direction, and the other side is made of the inclined surface S. As shown in FIG. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5, when the rotation direction of the stirring shaft 51 rotates in the plane side direction B of the stirring blade, the plane P is stirred while pushing the raw material in the rotation direction, and the stirring shaft ( When 51 is rotated in the lateral direction C of the inclined surface S of the pin 53b, the raw material is transferred to the inclined direction D of the inclined surface at the same time as the stirring.

At this time, the transfer direction of the processed material is as shown in Figure 1 when the discharge portion 30 is approximately in the center, the plurality of fins (53b) is inclined surface (S) around the discharge portion (30) the discharge portion ( It is arranged in a direction facing each other toward 30, even if there is a discharge portion 30 on one side or both sides, the inclined surface of the stirring blade is disposed toward the discharge portion in the discharge portion direction. Thereby, it is possible to transfer the processed material toward the discharge part 30.

On the other hand, the steam outlet 60 disposed on the other side of the reaction vessel 10 serves to reduce the pressure by decompressing the steam to the internal / external pressure vessels (11, 13) of the reaction vessel (10) or simultaneously. .

The steam discharge unit 60 is connected to the filter 61 and at least one filter 61 for filtering foreign substances contained in the discharge steam from the internal / external pressure vessel (11, 13) of the reaction vessel, At least one second pressure regulating valve 63 for adjusting the pressure of the internal / external pressure vessels 11 and 13 of the reaction vessel, and reducing the pressure in the internal pressure vessel 11 of the reaction vessel to below atmospheric pressure. At least one pressure reduction unit (65) for.

In addition, the safety devices 71 and 72 installed in the inner and outer pressure vessels 11 and 13 respectively discharge steam when an abnormality occurs in the inner and outer pressure vessels 11 and 13 of the reaction vessel due to the high pressure. It is possible to prevent the external pressure vessels 11 and 13 from being exploded and broken in advance.

In addition, the auxiliary injection unit 80 is installed in communication with the upper internal pressure vessel 11 of the reaction vessel 10 may add an auxiliary additive for improving the reaction rate of the raw material stirred in the internal pressure vessel (11). Provide one or more passageways to allow. In the present embodiment, the position of the auxiliary injection hole 80 is set to the upper portion, but the present invention is not limited to the setting position.

The co-additives include heated or unheated air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, acid clay, clay, montmorillonite, kaolin, bentonite, and any one or two or more of these co-additives are used one or more times. It is also possible.

The steam moving device 90 connecting the internal / external pressure vessels 11 and 13 of the reaction vessel is used to move the steam of the internal / external pressure vessels 11 and 13 to each other, for example, by applying a valve. can do.

The reason for installing the steam moving device 90 as described above is that the steam discharged from the internal pressure vessel 11 at a reduced pressure is not directly discharged through the steam discharge unit 60, but moved to an external pressure vessel 13 to separate. It is possible to heat the internal pressure vessel 11 without adding thermal energy or to reduce the temperature and pressure of the high pressure and high temperature steam of the internal pressure vessel 11 in the external pressure vessel 13 primarily and then discharge the steam 60. In order to be able to discharge through) or to send steam to the internal pressure vessel 11 through the external pressure vessel (13).

The process of processing the raw material using the treatment apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above is as follows.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a process performed through the high pressure and high temperature processing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing temperature and pressure conditions of the internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel in the process shown in FIG. 6.

First, as shown in Figure 6, the external pressure vessel before or during the input of the raw material to the internal pressure vessel 11 of the reaction vessel 10 through the input unit 80 while the stirring device 50 is not operated or operated. Steam is supplied to (13) to preheat the reaction vessel (S1).

After the completion of the input of the raw material closing the input unit 80, while operating the stirring device 50 through a power source (not shown) for this treatment, respectively in the internal / external pressure vessel (11, 13) or At the same time supplying steam or only supplying steam to the internal pressure vessel to pressurize and warm the internal pressure vessel (S2).

Preferably, it is preferable to increase the pressure in the internal pressure vessel 11 from within 16 atm to within 59 atm and the temperature from 200 ° C to 275 ° C in consideration of safety, because the pressure exceeds 90 atm. In addition, if the temperature exceeds 300 ℃, because the secondary environmental pollution, such as gas generation may occur, it is because it is difficult to manufacture a high-pressure high temperature treatment apparatus mechanically exceeds 300 ℃.

In this case, the stirring device 50 rotates in one direction and only stirs by the plurality of stirring wing parts 53.

Subsequently, the pressure and temperature in the elevated internal pressure vessel are respectively or simultaneously supplied to the internal / external pressure vessels 11 and 13 or the steam is supplied only to the internal pressure vessel 11 for 0.5 to 2 hours. The raw material is reacted while maintaining the pressure and temperature (S3).

While maintaining the pressure and temperature to discharge the processed material to discharge the internal pressure vessel 11, while reducing the pressure in the internal pressure vessel 11 to the atmospheric pressure level through the steam discharge unit 60 and Temperature reduction (S4).

Thereafter, the stirring device 50 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the treated material is transferred to the discharge unit 30 while being stirred, and discharged to the outside of the internal pressure vessel 11 through the open discharge unit 30 (S5). ).

The pressure in the internal pressure vessel 11 before the pressurization and heating step or after the pressure reduction and temperature reduction step is lowered to below atmospheric pressure, and the heat is transferred through an external pressure vessel to reduce the drying time and heat energy by drying under reduced pressure. It is of course also possible to shorten the processing time.

After the pressurizing and warming step, the auxiliary additive is introduced into the internal pressure vessel 11 through the auxiliary input part 80 to promote the reaction, and of course, it is possible to shorten the overall processing time.

As described above, the present invention has the following effects.

(1) Due to the reaction vessel having a double pressure-resistant heating structure, the raw material can be directly (directly supplied to the internal pressure vessel) and indirectly Heat can be transferred to internal pressure vessel), which can shorten the time to warm up and pressurize the raw materials in the reaction vessel, and minimize heat loss of the raw materials during the process by maximizing warming function called indirect heating. At the same time, by reducing the condensate generated during the steam supply to prevent the water content of the raw material is increased, when the treated raw material is to be discharged in a dried state, the raw material can be continuously dried from input to discharge, If the processed raw materials are to be discharged in the liquid state, the overall processing time can be reduced, such as the reduction of the processing capacity due to the condensate. It is maximized and the speed-reducing energy loss and drying consists in the capacity increase and economic practical use of the high-pressure high-temperature treatment device processing costs that can have a most important factor.

(2) Due to the stirring device capable of treatment-stirring and discharging-stirring transfer, the stirring device rotates forward and forwards only before discharging, thereby reducing the load of the stirring device coming from frequent forward / reverse rotation, thereby eliminating the need for great power. When discharging, the stirring device reversely rotates to smoothly transfer the treated material to the discharge unit, thereby preventing the residue of the processed material from remaining in the reaction vessel.

(3) Due to the reaction vessel having a heterogeneous multi-layered metal material, the reaction vessel is made of, for example, a material which is resistant to corrosion and abrasion, but which is bonded to a low-cost carbon steel metal with little deformation due to expensive stainless steel and heat. By making a heterogeneous multi-layered metal and using it as a material for the reaction vessel, it brought safety to the reaction vessel, the core of the high-pressure high-temperature processing apparatus, as a pressure-resistant vessel, and has a high lifespan of 3 to 5 years, which is an important criterion for practical use. It is possible to manufacture high temperature processing apparatus.

(4) Due to the reduced pressure of the steam discharge section, the boiling temperature of the combustible material in the internal pressure vessel can be lowered, allowing not only to dry in a shorter time at a lower energy cost than at atmospheric pressure, but also to discharge in the internal pressure vessel. It is possible to lower the temperature of the vapor, which affects devices for treating steam due to steam discharged at a high temperature, for example, filters, second pressure regulating valves, cooling devices, heat exchangers, deodorization / sterilization / purification devices, etc. It is possible to manufacture high pressure and high temperature treatment device that can prevent malfunction and failure in advance and extend the service life.

(5) Due to the dry steam switching device of the steam discharge part, since it is supplied into the reaction vessel in the dry steam state, the amount of condensate generated is smaller than that in the saturated steam state, so that the drying time during drying can be shortened, and the processing capacity during the liquid treatment It is possible to fabricate a high pressure and high temperature treatment device to reduce this increase.

(6) Due to the filter of the steam discharge part, the foreign substances contained in the steam discharged from the reaction vessel are filtered out so that the second pressure regulating valve installed at the rear stage and the cooling device, heat exchanger, deodorization / sterilization / It is possible to manufacture high pressure and high temperature treatment device to prevent the malfunction and failure by affecting the purification device and to extend the service life.

(7) Due to the auxiliary additive input device, it is possible to manufacture a high pressure and high temperature treatment device that can increase the treatment efficiency of combustible materials.

(8) Due to the steam transfer device, the steam discharged from the internal pressure vessel at the time of pressure reduction and deceleration is not immediately discharged through the steam discharge unit, but moved to the external pressure vessel so that the internal pressure vessel can be heated without adding additional thermal energy. High pressure of the internal pressure vessel High pressure to enable high-temperature steam to be discharged through the steam discharge section after reducing the temperature and pressure in the external pressure vessel primarily, or to send steam to the internal pressure vessel through the external pressure vessel. It is possible to manufacture high temperature processing apparatus.

(9) Including the preheating step of the high pressure and high temperature treatment method, it is possible to manufacture a high pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus capable of heating at the same time as the input of the combustible material to shorten the processing time.

In the above, the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the spirit of the present invention. Various changes and modifications will be possible by those who have the same.

Claims (15)

In the high pressure high temperature treatment apparatus for treating a combustible material using a reaction occurring under high pressure and high temperature, A reaction vessel including at least one internal pressure vessel into which the raw material is introduced / extracted, an external pressure vessel for covering all or a part of the internal pressure vessel and internally heating the internal pressure vessel; At least one input unit providing a passage through which raw materials can be introduced into the internal pressure vessel, and capable of withstanding high pressure and high temperature generated in the reaction vessel during processing, and having airtightness; At least one discharge unit providing a passage through which the treated material can be discharged from the internal pressure vessel, capable of withstanding high pressure and high temperature generated in the reaction vessel during processing, and having airtightness; A steam supply unit configured to pressurize and warm steam by supplying steam to the inner / external pressure vessels of the reaction vessel or simultaneously; A stirring device including a stirring shaft rotatably coupled to both ends of the reaction vessel in a rotatable manner, and a plurality of stirring wings having one end fixed to the stirring shaft to stir the raw material introduced into the internal pressure vessel; And High pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus comprising a; steam discharge unit for reducing the pressure by decompression by respectively or at the same time to the inner / outer pressure vessel of the reaction vessel. The method of claim 1, The other side of the stirring blade is formed in the horizontal plane on one side along the stirring shaft direction, the other surface is formed in the inclined surface, the stirring is performed when the rotation direction of the stirring shaft is rotated forward to the horizontal side of the stirring blade, reverse to the inclined surface side of the stirring blade Rotating high pressure and high temperature treatment device characterized in that to perform the stirring and transfer at the same time. The method of claim 1, The discharge unit is a high-pressure high temperature treatment apparatus, characterized in that at least one of one side, both sides or the center of the reaction vessel is installed in the bottom. The method of claim 1, The reaction vessel is a high-pressure high temperature treatment apparatus, characterized in that the metal is made of a multi-layer junction of two or more different materials. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The steam supply unit At least one steam supplier for generating steam; At least one first pressure control valve connected to the steam supplier to regulate steam pressure; And, And at least one dry steam converting device for converting the supplied steam into dry steam. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The steam discharge unit At least one filter for filtering foreign substances contained in the discharge steam from the inner / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel; At least one second pressure control valve connected to the filter to adjust the pressure of the internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel; And, And a pressure reducing unit for reducing the pressure in the internal pressure vessel of the reaction vessel below atmospheric pressure. The method of claim 6, And at least one safety device for discharging steam when an abnormality occurs in the internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, High pressure and high temperature treatment apparatus further comprises one or more auxiliary input unit installed in the reaction vessel to inject the auxiliary additive to the raw material processed in the internal pressure vessel. The method of claim 8, wherein the co-additive is characterized in that the one or two or more of the heated or unheated air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, acid clay, clay, montmorillonite, kaolin, bentonite alone or in combination High pressure and high temperature processing equipment. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, In order to move the steam between the inner / outer pressure vessel of the reaction vessel, the high-pressure high temperature treatment apparatus further comprises a steam moving device installed in the reaction vessel. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The pressure and temperature of the internal pressure vessel is a high pressure high temperature treatment apparatus, characterized in that greater than or equal to the pressure and temperature of the external pressure vessel. A reaction vessel including an internal / external pressure vessel into which raw materials are introduced / exhausted, an input unit for inputting raw materials into the internal pressure vessel, a discharge unit for discharging the treated material from the internal pressure vessel, A steam supply unit for supplying steam to the internal / external pressure vessels of the reaction vessel at the same time or by simultaneously heating the steam, a stirring device for agitating the raw material introduced into the internal pressure vessel, and an internal / external pressure vessel of the reaction vessel. In the high pressure and high temperature treatment method for processing the raw material through a high pressure and high temperature device having a steam discharge unit for decompressing and reducing the pressure by respectively or simultaneously steam, A preheating step of preheating the reaction vessel by supplying steam to the external pressure vessel before or during the input of raw materials to the internal pressure vessel while the stirring apparatus is not operated or operated; After the completion of the input of the raw material, for the present treatment while operating the stirring device, by supplying steam to the internal / external pressure vessel, respectively or at the same time, or by supplying only the internal pressure vessel to the pressure and temperature in the internal pressure vessel A pressure heating step of raising; A temperature pressure maintaining step of supplying steam to the internal / external pressure vessels individually or simultaneously or supplying steam only to the internal pressure vessels for the pressure and temperature in the raised internal pressure vessel within 0.5 to 2 hours; A pressure reduction temperature reduction step of lowering the pressure in the internal pressure vessel to an atmospheric pressure level while discharging the vapor in the internal pressure vessel to discharge the treated material through the temperature pressure maintaining step; And, After the decompression temperature reduction step, the discharge step of discharging the material treated by the discharge unit; high pressure and high temperature treatment method comprising a. The method of claim 12, A high pressure and high temperature treatment method further comprising a supplementary additive input step of injecting a supplementary additive into the internal pressure vessel. The method of claim 12, After the depressurization temperature reduction step, the high-pressure high-temperature treatment method further comprising a reduced pressure drying step of lowering the pressure of the internal pressure vessel below atmospheric pressure. The method of claim 12, Before the pressurized heating step, the high-pressure high-temperature treatment method further comprising the pressure-reducing drying step of lowering the pressure of the internal pressure vessel below atmospheric pressure.

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